US540741A

US540741A - Governor for steam-engines

Info

Publication number: US540741A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1895-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 1912-06-11

Description

' (No Model.)

* W. H. JONES.

GOVERNOR FOR STEAM ENGINES.

No. 540,741. P-atented'J'unje' 11,.1895.

NITED STATES? PATENT ()FFIQE.

WILLIAM H. Jones, OF BLUE oeAss, IOWA.

GOVERNOR FOR STEAM-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 540,741, dated June 11, 1895. Application filed June 18, 1894- Serial No. 614,998. (No model.)

To all whom. it may concerm Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. JONES, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Blue Grass, in the county of Scott and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Elec trio Governor for Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to governors for steam engines, but isdifferent in principle from; other governors, in that they are constructed with revolving balls which are thrown out by centrifugal force as the engine increases its speed, and this movement is made to partly close a valve in the feed pipe of the 'engine,; thereby cutting off a part of the steam and using the expansion of the steam to any ex-;

tent desired. These objects I attain by'the' mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top view of an engine and gov-I ernor complete and showing an electric battery connected with the electromagnet. Fig. 2 is a side view of an engine and governor having the balance-wheel and a part of the main shaft removed to avoid obscuring other parts of the governor. Fig. 3 is a'view of a section removed from support 7, Fig. 2, so as to show it better.' Fig.4. is a side view of circuit-breakerattached to the movement of a clock, by which it is' operated. Fig. 5 is atop view of the same.

Similar numbers refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Fig. 1, is 'a view of a horizontal engine but my invention is applicable to any style of engines.

2, is a bar bent in a segment which moves upon a Wrist-pin in the top of standard 0, bolted to the engine bed. This standard, also arm 0 0, must be made to suit the particular engine it is to be placed upon. Upon bar 2, are placed two

contact pieces

3, 3.

' .These pieces are held by set-screws and can be moved to any point upon this bar at pleasure. Bar 2, is bent in the form of a segment in order that the distance it will be moved by arm 0 0 coming in contact with

contact pieces

3, 3, will be the same regardless of their position upon it.

4,'is an arm extending from the back of bar 2, with va'noblong hole in the end'of it,

through which passes the valve rod 5. Said rod is supported at its outer end by support 7, the other end of which enters the steam chest and is connected with the valve that admits steam into the cylinder of the engine. Around the valve rod, before and behind arm 4, are placed coil-

springs

6, 6, resting against taps by which they can be adjusted.

7, is a support for the valve rod. The valve rod is made wider at its bearingthan' at. other points and has two catches in it at equal distances from its support which receives dog 8.

9, is a bar of brass or other'non magnetic material fastened to dog 8, Fig. 3. To the ends of this bar are fastened bar-

magnets

10, 10, placed so that the same poles will be up.

l1,is an electro-magnet, formed by winding insulated wire around a core of soft iron. This core is a little shorter than the distance between the bar-magnets.

12, is a spring catch fastened to support 7,

Fig. 2, and having a set-screw behind it for tightening it. This catch receives a stud in bar 2, and ,holds the bar when moved either out or in by arm 00, on the cross-head of the engine.

13, is an eccentric rod, having a slot near its end and provided with set-screws by which said slotcan be lengthened or shortened at pleasure. In this slot works a wrist-pin in valve rod '5. The other end of this eccentric rod is connected with an eccentric on the main two toothed wheels 16 carefully insulated f root the shaft and from one another, andset on the shaft in such a manner that a tooth in one of them will come in the middle of the space between the teeth in its companion. 17, is a support for connection wires. One of the their hubs.

wheels on shaft 15, is connected with the positive pole of a battery or dynamo, the other with the negative. This can be done by causing the connections to slightly press against To the end of the wires from the electro magnet are fastened connections wide enough to cover the face of both wheels, and held by support 17, in such a manner that the points of them will touch a tooth on the two 1 wheels at just the same time; thereby making a connection and a current of electricity sets in through one of the Wheels, and from there through the electro-magnet returning through the other wheel to the starting point. When [5 the wheels move up a little two more teeth are touched but they are on different wheels from the first ones touched and the current again sets in but it flows in the opposite direction in the electro magnet. The connections that carries the current to and from the companion wheels must be insulated from their support and the points of them also the teeth of the wheels be tipped with platinum or other material that will not corrode under the electric a 5 spark.

The action of the governor is as follows: Steam is admitted into the cylinder which drives the piston out, and arm 0 0, on the cross-head is brought in contact with con- 0 tact piece 3, which pushes back bar 2, and

spring catch 12 holds it. This hastighteued spring 6, and moved the valve rod until dog 8, has stopped it. The valve is now standing on center and all or nearly all of the steam is cut oil and the steam in the cylinder expands to complete the stroke. At just the right instant connection is made through the companion wheels and a current of electricity flows through the electro magnet, causing its c'f'core to become a magnet, one end of which is a north pole and attracts one of bar magnets 10. The other end is a south pole and repels the other bar magnet 10. This lifts dog 8, and spring 6 moves the valve rod and steam is admittcd into the other end of the cylinder.

The return stroke is just the same only the current of electricity is made to flow in the opposite direction in the electro magnet, thereby reversing its poles and with the result that the bar magnet that was attracted before is now repelled and the other one attracted thereby lifting the other end of dog 8.

The eccentric rod 13, Fig. 2, with its adjustable slot serves the following purpose:

If more steam is admitted into the cylinder than is necessary to complete the stroke in the interval of time between the pulses of electricity the piston will start on the return stroke by the momentum of the balance wheel,

and the eccentric will have drawn this rod thereby admitting less steam and reducing the speed.

The speed of the engine can be changed by having two or more sets of

companion wheels

16, 16, with a greater or less nnmberof teeth on them, or by changing the pinion of shaft 15, for a larger or smaller one.

I am awarethat prior to myinvention, governors for steam engines have been made; but they have been constructed upon the principle of revolving balls so arranged that as the engine increased its speed, they are thrown outward by centrifugal force and this is made to turn a valve in the feed pipe of the engine cutting off a part of the steam and thereby reducing the speed. It is evident that such a governor cannot be perfect, as the engine must increase its speed before the governor can act; also an engine using this kind of a governor cannot get the full expansion of the steam as it is intended only to admit steam enough and that at reduced pressure to keep up the speed desired. My governor acts independent of the speed of the engine and admits steam into the cylinder at full boiler pressure thereby getting the full effect of the expansion of the steam in the cylinder.

What I do claim as my invention, and dcsire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an electric governor for steam engines the combination of a circuit breaker with a valve and rod, an eccentric and rod provided with a slot which is adjustably connected to the valve rod by a pin through said slot; an arm 0 O; a bar having upon it movable contact pieces, and an arm extending from said bar and connected with adjustable springs and through saidsprings with a valve rod; a support for a valve rod having a pin upon which oscillates a dog, said dog engaging catches or notches in a valve rod; a non magnetic bar attached to said dog, and two bar magnets attached to said bar; an electro magnet fastened to said valve rod support; a spring catch which engages a stud in bar 2, substantially as described.

2. In an electric governor for steam engines the combination of a circuit breaker having its frame attached to the movement of a clock or chronometer, said circuit breaker having a frame and a shaft, said shaft having upon it two companion wheels and a pinion which engages a wheel in the clock; a sup- IEO port for connections and the connections held