US2779249A - Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons - Google Patents

Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons Download PDF

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Publication number
US2779249A
US2779249A US386639A US38663953A US2779249A US 2779249 A US2779249 A US 2779249A US 386639 A US386639 A US 386639A US 38663953 A US38663953 A US 38663953A US 2779249 A US2779249 A US 2779249A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spring
housing
guide
buffer
recoil
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Expired - Lifetime
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US386639A
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English (en)
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Saetter-Lassen Erik
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US386639A priority Critical patent/US2779249A/en
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Publication of US2779249A publication Critical patent/US2779249A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C23/00—Butts; Butt plates; Stocks
    • F41C23/06—Stocks or firearm frames specially adapted for recoil reduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers
    • F41A3/84—Coil spring buffers mounted within the gun stock

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a recoil and butter mechanism for automatic firearms, for the return of the moveable parts which are displaced rearwardly as a result of recoil or gas pressure.
  • the present invention concerns a spring mechanism of this kind which has special advantages in comparison to the hitherto known corresponding recoil and buflfer spring mechanisms.
  • the positioning of the return or recoil spring with these known mechanisms during assembly of the weapon is difficult and takes considerable time, because after the recoiling parts have been positioned in the weapon it is necessary to position the unstressed return spring with its guide pin, if any, in such a way that it,- after assembly of the weapon, will be subjected to a definite and considerable degree of pro-stress.
  • This is a very awkward undertaking and often leads to damage to the return spring, which during assembly tends to bend out sideways and may-kink, especially in the case of weapons where the spring is located at the rear end, for instance in a cavity in the butt.
  • the spring in stripping the weapon it is a great disadvantage that the spring, before it is removed, may bend out sideways and become damaged, or may, together with its guide pin, be projected forwards, so that great care and nimbleness of fingers is necessary to avoid the parts becoming lost or possibly wounding bystanders or doing other damage.
  • the positioning of the buffer spring and its later compression, so that it is subjected to a pro-stressing, is, in the known constructions, also fairly cumbersome, and a special tool is required for pre-stressing the spring.
  • a cylindrical return spring housing which at its fore end is open and at its rear end has a base against which a pressure plate for the rear end of a return spring, positioned in the spring housing, abuts, whilst the springs front end presses against an external collar situated at the end of a telescopic recoil guide, which is fitted with a stop device to restrict its extension and is surrounded by the ecoil spring, the pressure plate being affixed to the spring guide, which is extended rearwardly and projects through an opening in the base of the spring housing, by means of which rearwardly projecting extension in conjunction with a female thread in the extension and a corresponding tensioning screw, or some other suitable tensioning de" vice, the spring guide can be retracted in the spring housing to a position determined by stop devices, at the same time firmly fastening the complete recoil spring guide with its pre-stressed recoil spring, and the spring housl
  • a butter spring can in accordance with the invention be positioned around the front end of the cylindrical recoil spring housing, which also serves as a guide for butter piston or collar slidably positioned thereon in front of the buffer spring, and the rear end of the buffer spring can be surrounded by a firmly fixed cylindrical butter housing, against whose base the buffer spring presses.
  • This provides a very simple arrangement for guiding both the buffer spring and the buffer piston.
  • the buffer housing which preferably is for-med as a part of a bayonet lock for use in assembling the weapon
  • the buffer housing may in accordance with the invention form a combined seat and guide bushing for the recoil spring housing, which can be introduced through the bushing from the front, and which at its front end has an external stop ring for the buffer piston positioned on the spring :housing, so that the former, when the spring housing is retracted to its final position, as determined by the abutments, compresses the buffer spring and subjects it to a certain pre-stress.
  • the butter spring will be suitably pro-stressed simultaneously with the spring housing being brought to its final position, without the use of any special appliances.
  • Fig. 1 shows partly in longitudinal section a weapon butt carrying a mechanism in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 a piece of the mechanism seen in longitudinal section and to larger scale
  • 1% represents a butt with a longitudinal bored out hole, comprising a forward larger portion 2, then a slightly smaller portion 3 and finally a yet narrower portion 4, which terminates in a counterbored recess 5' in the rear surface of the butt.
  • a buffer housing 6 with a cylindrical wall 7 and a bushing 8 which projects into the bore or hole-portion 2.
  • This bushing 8 has the same internal diameter as the bore or hole-portion 3.
  • the butler housing has a bayonet weapon (not shown).
  • a tubular recoil spring housing 16 which consists of a cylindrical tube 11, which at its rear end is closed by a base or plug 12, welded to the end of the housing 12, the plug 12 having a central hole.
  • the tube 11 extends into the hole portion 3, and its diameter fits snugly in this hole portion as well as in the bushing 8, so that it is guided and supported at both ends.
  • a telescopic spring guide which consists of a. tubular or solid guide-rod 14, outside which is slidably positioned a tubular guide bushing 15.
  • the guide-rod at its front end has a guide-head 16 attached to it by means of a transverse pin, and acting as an internal support for the slidable guide bushing, which at its rear end has an internal guide collar 17, which surrounds and is guided by the guiderod, and in conjunction with the guide-head it forms a stop for limiting extension of the spring guide.
  • the guide-rod 3.4 At its rear the guide-rod 3.4 has attached to it, by means of a transverse assembly pin 13, an extension 19, in the form of an extension piece, projecting rearwardly through the central hole in the spring housing base 12., and abutting against this with a pressure plate 20.
  • the movable guide bushing has at its front end an external firmly attached collar 21, and between this and the pressure plate 2% is compressed a return spring 22, which is thus subjected to a suitable pre-stressing.
  • a buffer spring 28 On the tube reinforcement 26 is slid a buffer spring 28, whose rear end is surrounded by the buffer housing wall 7, and buffer springs 26 presses rearwardly against a buffer housing abutment 27, whilst its front end presses against a butter collar or piston 29, slidably mounted on the tube reinforcement 26.
  • the buffer piston 29 has an internal collar 3% ⁇ , which, in conjunction with an external collar 31 on the tube it, acts as a stop for the butter piston and limits its forward movement.
  • the buffer spring 23 When the recoil spring housing it under the action of the screw 24, is retracted to its extreme position, the buffer spring 23 will be compressed between the buffer housing abutment 27 and the butter piston 29 and receive a suitable prestressing, to ensure a rapid reversal of the movement when the recoiling system, at the end of its recoil stroke, hits the piston 29 and further compresses the strong buffer spring.
  • the return spring 22 is first positioned on the spring guide 14, 15 from which the extension 19 has previously been detached, and whilst the spring is held compressed by hand, the extension i5 is again put in position and the assembly pin it? inserted.
  • the spring is now mounted with its permanent prestress on the spring guide, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the next step is to slide the buffer piston 29 and the buffer spring 28 from the rear on to the spring housing it and the spring guide with its return spring is introduced into the spring housing with the end of the projection 19 projccting beyond its base.
  • the spring housing etc. is new inserted from the front into the bore or hole-portions 2, 3 and 4 and the butt-screw 24 is screwed in from behind into the threaded sleeve 23 of the projection 19.
  • the spring guide 14, 15 and therewith the recoil spring d housing 10 is retracted against the pressure of the buffer spring 29, until the parts have reached their final position. Stripping is undertaken in the opposite order.
  • the invention is not limited to use in connection with a butt for a weapon, and the mechanism in accordance with the invention need not--as with the embodiment shown lie at the rear of the recoiling system, but can for instance, with a view to keeping the length of the weapon down, be positioned alongside the recoiling system, or possibly be partly surrounded by these.
  • Recoil and bufier spring mechanism to be employed in an automatic fire weapon having a detachable butt provided with a cylindrical bore therewith, said mechanism comprising a cylindrical spring housing of such shape and dimensions as to be insertable from the front into said cylindrical bore, a telescopic recoil spring guide receivable within said spring housing a recoil spring surrounding said spring guide, means for restricting extension of said spring guide, said recoil spring thereby being held in a state of pre-stress, a pressure plate removably afiixed to the rear portion of said guide, said recoil spring having the rear end thereof abutting against said pressure plate, a stop afiixed to the front portion of said guide, said recoil spring having the front end thereof pressing against said stop, a rearward extension being provided on said spring guide and a hole being provided in the closed bottom of said spring housing, said extension fitting loosely within said hole and, upon insertion of said spring guide into said spring housing, protruding to the rear of said
  • Mechanism according to claim 1 further comprising a buffer spring surrounding the front end of said cylindrical spring housing, a buffer house having a closed bottom and afhxed to the butt, the rear end of said buffer spring abutting against said bottom of said buffer house, a buffer piston slidably surrounding said spring housing to be guided thereby, the front end of said butter spring acting against said buifer piston, said buffer house being open at the front end thereof, whereby to permit insertion of said buffer spring thereinto, from the front.
  • Mechanism according to claim 2 further comprising an outer stop collar for said butter piston, positioned at the front end of said cylindrical spring housing.
  • Mechanism according to claim 1 further comprising a buffer spring and a butter house surrounding the front end of said cylindrical spring housing, said buffer house having a closed bottom aflixed to the butt, the rear end of said buffer spring abutting against said bottom of said butter house, said spring housing being slidably inserted in and guiding said butter piston, the front end of said buffer spring acting against said buffer piston, said buffer house being open at the front end thereof, whereby to permit insertion of said buffer spring thereinto, from the front, said butter house being shaped as a guiding bushing for the fore end of said spring housing, said housing having at the part situated in front of said bottom of said buffer house a greater diameter than at the remaining part, the so created shoulder serving as an abutting face so as to cooperate with said bottom of said bufier house whereby to determine the retracted position of said spring housing.
  • Recoil spring mechanism for use with an automatic firearm, said firearm including automatic firing mechanism a movable portion of which'is displaced rearwardly accompanying the firing of each round, said firearm comprising a butt having a forwardly and rearwardly extending through bore formed therein, the forward portion of said bore being of larger diameter than the rearward portion thereof, said recoil spring mechanism comprising: a tubular recoil spring housing removably inserted in said bore from the front of said butt, the diameter of said housing being greater than the diameter of said rearward portion of said bore, a telescopic recoil spring guide coaxially disposed in said housing, said guide being engageable by said rearward displacement of said movable portion of said firing mechanism to shorten said guide, said guide comprising stop means for limiting the extension thereof; an extension member removably connected to the rear end of said spring guide, said extension member extending slidably through and in engagement with the rear end of said housing into said rearward portion of said bore, rearward movement of said extension memher with respect to
  • Recoil and buffer spring mechanism for use with an automatic firearm, said firearm including automatic firing mechanism a movable portion of which is displaced rearwardly accompanying the firing of each round, said firearm comprising a butt having a forwardly and rearwardly extending through bore formed therein, the forward portion of said bore being of larger diameter than the rearward portion thereof, said recoil and buffer spring mechanism comprising: a tubular recoil spring housing removably inserted in said bore from the front ofsaid butt, the diameter of said housing being greater than the diameter of said rearward portion of said bore, a tele- 6 scopic recoil spring guide coaxially disposed in said housing, said guide being engageable by said rearward displacement of said movable portion of said firing mechanism to shorten said guide, said guide comprising stop means for limiting the extension thereof; an extension member removably connected to the rear end of said spring guide, said extension member-extending slidably through and in engagement with the rear end of said housing into said rearward portion of said bore, rearward movement of said extension

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US386639A 1953-09-29 1953-10-16 Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons Expired - Lifetime US2779249A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US386639A US2779249A (en) 1953-09-29 1953-10-16 Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB26722/53A GB736753A (en) 1953-09-29 1953-09-29 Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons
US386639A US2779249A (en) 1953-09-29 1953-10-16 Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2779249A true US2779249A (en) 1957-01-29

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Family Applications (1)

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US386639A Expired - Lifetime US2779249A (en) 1953-09-29 1953-10-16 Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2779249A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE523532A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH319272A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1036714B (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1088428A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB736753A (en, 2012)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6732466B2 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-05-11 James K. Bentley Recoil system for the receiver of a firearm
US9448034B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2016-09-20 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Recoil reduction system for firearm
US9506706B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2016-11-29 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Magazine for firearm
US9651323B1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-16 Dimitrios Mantas Telescopic recoil system for firearms
US10557674B1 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-02-11 Dimitrios Mantas Buffer assembly for firearms
US10775121B2 (en) * 2017-06-29 2020-09-15 In Ovation Llc Firearm mechanism
US11340040B1 (en) * 2020-03-12 2022-05-24 Joseph Adam Schuster Integrated recoil reduction apparatus
CN115046423A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-13 北京理工大学 一种轻量型武器臂装置
US20220299281A1 (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-22 J&E Machine Tech, Inc. Recoil buffer assembly
US12123674B1 (en) 2023-08-08 2024-10-22 Dimitrios Mantas External elastic skin-based recoil reduction mechanism for a firearm
US12196515B1 (en) 2023-07-10 2025-01-14 Dimitrios Mantas Recoil mechanism for a firearm
US12253324B2 (en) 2022-03-07 2025-03-18 In Ovation Llc Firearm action mechanism

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2094451B (en) * 1981-01-14 1984-08-30 Sarony Peter Philip Self-loading firearm
FR2819881B1 (fr) * 2001-01-25 2004-02-13 Realisations Et D Applications Outillage de tirs pour munition a forte impulsion
CZ2001595A3 (cs) * 2001-02-15 2002-10-16 Čz Strakonice, A. S. Zbraňový adaptér s úpravou přenaąeče zpětného rázu
DE102006033260B3 (de) * 2006-05-29 2007-08-02 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Schulterstütze mit Unterbringungsraum
US9080823B1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-07-14 Dimitrios Mantas Buffer assembly

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1019937A (en) * 1911-05-15 1912-03-12 Walter H Whittier Automatic firearm.
US2093169A (en) * 1933-03-15 1937-09-14 Firm Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka Automatic firearm, in particular machine gun
US2144951A (en) * 1935-10-15 1939-01-24 David M Williams Firearm
US2379461A (en) * 1941-08-21 1945-07-03 Clarence E Simpson Firearm

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL27185B (en, 2012) * 1921-03-25 1900-01-01
AT134357B (de) * 1929-02-28 1933-07-25 Automatic Guns Inc Maschinengeschütz.
DE702757C (de) * 1937-05-15 1941-02-15 Gustloff Werke Gasdrucklader
US2320348A (en) * 1940-01-31 1943-06-01 Western Cartridge Co Firearm

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1019937A (en) * 1911-05-15 1912-03-12 Walter H Whittier Automatic firearm.
US2093169A (en) * 1933-03-15 1937-09-14 Firm Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka Automatic firearm, in particular machine gun
US2144951A (en) * 1935-10-15 1939-01-24 David M Williams Firearm
US2379461A (en) * 1941-08-21 1945-07-03 Clarence E Simpson Firearm

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6732466B2 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-05-11 James K. Bentley Recoil system for the receiver of a firearm
WO2004017010A3 (en) * 2002-08-19 2005-03-10 James K Bentley Recoil system for the receiver of a firearm
US9448034B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2016-09-20 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Recoil reduction system for firearm
US9506706B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2016-11-29 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Magazine for firearm
US9651323B1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-16 Dimitrios Mantas Telescopic recoil system for firearms
US10775121B2 (en) * 2017-06-29 2020-09-15 In Ovation Llc Firearm mechanism
US10557674B1 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-02-11 Dimitrios Mantas Buffer assembly for firearms
US11340040B1 (en) * 2020-03-12 2022-05-24 Joseph Adam Schuster Integrated recoil reduction apparatus
US20220299281A1 (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-22 J&E Machine Tech, Inc. Recoil buffer assembly
US11454468B1 (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-27 J&E Machine Tech, Inc. Recoil buffer assembly
US12253324B2 (en) 2022-03-07 2025-03-18 In Ovation Llc Firearm action mechanism
CN115046423A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-13 北京理工大学 一种轻量型武器臂装置
CN115046423B (zh) * 2022-06-30 2023-09-22 北京理工大学 一种轻量型武器臂装置
US12196515B1 (en) 2023-07-10 2025-01-14 Dimitrios Mantas Recoil mechanism for a firearm
US12123674B1 (en) 2023-08-08 2024-10-22 Dimitrios Mantas External elastic skin-based recoil reduction mechanism for a firearm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE523532A (en, 2012) 1956-01-20
CH319272A (de) 1957-02-15
DE1036714B (de) 1958-08-14
FR1088428A (fr) 1955-03-07
GB736753A (en) 1955-09-14

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