US2772117A - Atomizer for liquid and pulverulent material - Google Patents

Atomizer for liquid and pulverulent material Download PDF

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Publication number
US2772117A
US2772117A US416652A US41665254A US2772117A US 2772117 A US2772117 A US 2772117A US 416652 A US416652 A US 416652A US 41665254 A US41665254 A US 41665254A US 2772117 A US2772117 A US 2772117A
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United States
Prior art keywords
atomizer
nozzle
gas
housing
control member
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Expired - Lifetime
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US416652A
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English (en)
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Ritzau Inge
Hofler Balthasar
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
    • A23C1/04—Concentration, evaporation or drying by spraying into a gas stream
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/001—Particle size control
    • A61M11/002—Particle size control by flow deviation causing inertial separation of transported particles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/06—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes of the injector type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/25—Mixing by jets impinging against collision plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0012—Apparatus for achieving spraying before discharge from the apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1606—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2405—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle
    • B05B7/2435—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle the carried liquid and the main stream of atomising fluid being brought together by parallel conduits placed one inside the other

Definitions

  • An object of the present invention is to obtain an 1mproved exploitation of the energy content of the compressed gas so that an increase and'renism ofatomization is achieved even without raising the compressor output.
  • the present invention is based-.on the knowledge that, in the case of normal atomizers, the compressed air, which leaves the nozzle in the form of a cone, usually comes into contact with the substances to be atomized only on the jacket surface of this cone, so that only a small part of the energy of the iiow of the compressed gas is utilised for the atomization.
  • a control member for the gas ow is arranged in the outlet cone ofthe compressed gas, said member having a base which has one-or more edges touching the jacket of the outlet-cone for the gas and being so constructed that the greater ⁇ part of the compressed gas is spread out in the form of a fan on these edges, the outlet apertures for the substances which are used f r atomization being so arranged-below these fans that the greater part of these substances is suckedin the direction of the control edges.
  • the member controllingv the flow of gas is preferably adjustable, for example, rotatably mounted inaplane perpendicular to the longitudinal centre axis' of the outlet nozzle of the compressed gas. By this means, the atomization effect may be considerably varied. By rotating the control member the paths of the flow and of suction are-v changed.
  • the control member may be arrangedvso as to be interchangeable with other controll members having variously extending and variously profiled control edges which may be used to give differing eifects of atomization.
  • suction tube through which the gases or air sucked from above are conveyed.
  • This suction tube may be adjustable, especially longitudinally displaceable, and may be interchangeable4 with suction tubes of different cross section.
  • On or near the suction tube treatment devices may be mounted for the gases, air, sprays, aerosols or the likewhichare sucked through the suction tube, such as electric.v heating devices, radiation- 2,772,117 Patented Nov. 27, 1956 ice apparatus, apparatus for electric charging, mixing devices and the like.
  • Two or more atomizers of the said type of' construction may be combined to form a group in such a manner that the product supplied by the first atomizerA ows into the suction of thev second or another atomizer, with or without a suction tube.
  • the outputand the productsof the atomizer may be adapted within very wide limits .to existing requirements.
  • the optimum spectra of the aerosols are adjusted for each case of therapeutic or technical useand mixtures of various substances are obtained with a favourable particle spectrum.
  • Fig. l is a medial vertical section through an atomizer constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a similar, but fragmentary, section through anv attachment of the atomizer as shown in Fig. l;
  • Figs. 3 to 5 are details on a larger scale, showing-.the nozzle member of an atomizer in two side elevationsdifteringl by 90 and as aplan-view;
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the atomizing opera.- tion and/ or conversion into mist.
  • Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a group of atornizers.
  • the atomizer consists of a base 1 having a lateralV admission pipe member 2 for the compressed gas.
  • the lower part 3 of the housing of the atomizer is inserted with asjealing effect into the base, being screwed in fork example.
  • a nozzle member S' is mounted with a sealingefect firmly in the base 1.
  • the nozzle member has acentre bore 6 through which the compressed gas flows passing through the inlet pipe 2 ⁇ in order to tiow out through a constricted nozzle 9.
  • two lateral bores 7 and S are provided in the nozzle member 5 through which the uid 4, disposed in the lower part 3 of the housing, is sucked.
  • This outlet aperture inthe ynozzle 9 and the outlet apertures-in the passages 7 and 8' are dis-V posed in a plane face on thenozzle member 5 in order to avoid kunnecessary whirling effects.
  • a gas flow control member 11 which is shown-diagrammatically in Fig. 14 in cross section only, but will be described in greater detail when referring to Figs. 3', 4' and 5.
  • the upper part 12 of the housing is connected to the lower part 3, for example by screw threaded engagement therewith or by being a press t thereon. It has alateral outlet pipe member 13 and carries at the top anl annular sealing member 15 having an inner thread in which the suction tube 14 with outer thread 16 is contained and is thereby adiustable in height, as also interchangeable.
  • an intermediate member 17 is insertedpwhich greatly restricts the connection between the two parts of the housing and simultaneously acts as a baile Vsurface for the mixture formed on the air ow control member 11 spread out in the form of a fan.
  • the mixture tiows through the constricted portion between the parts 17 and the tube 14- atA high speed into the upper chamber of the housing, loses speed' there and is homogenised to a considerableextent beforeV it-ows out of the discharge connection 13.
  • anotherA annular baffle surface 18 is mounted on the tube 14.
  • a treatment means which may be of any one of the mentioned types may be connected to theem'bodiment illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • Such means is shownV in Fig. Z in the form of an attachment constructed as an electric heating apparatus.
  • This consists of a sleeve 19 to be slipped over the sealing member 15, in which, above the tube 14, an electric resistance heater 21 is mounted to which current is fed through the 'side opening 22, whilst the upper face of the sleeve 19 has an opening y20 for feeding the gases, air, sprays, aerosols, or'the like, sucked in through the tube 14;
  • a radiation apparatus for example,.an apparatus for electric charging or an apparatus for the admixing of substances of various types may also be provided which flow into the housing of the atomizer due to the suction, and inuence the atomizing operation or are used as additional agents or admixtures.
  • Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show a nozzle member and a gas ow control means on a larger scale.
  • the nozzle member has an enlarged lower end portion V23 which, as shown in Fig. 1, is secured in the base 1 by the lower part 3 of the housing.
  • the centre bore 6 and the ⁇ nozzle 9 are also constructed in accordance with Fig. 1, whilst, on the other hand, the side bores 24 and 25 for the fluids or other substances to be atomized, in this case extend at an angle to the centre axis of the nozzle member. However, they can also extend in the form of an arc, for example, and so discharge that the substance to be converted intomist is sucked, as favourably to the ow as possible, in the direction of the control edges on which the compressed gas spreads out fan-wise.
  • the gas flow control member 11 is constructed in this case in the form of a bar and secured by means of the two supports 26 on a ring 27 which is mounted to rotate on the upper part of the nozzle member 5.
  • a scaleV 28, indicating the existing angular position of the gas ow control member 11, is disposed on the jacket surfaceV of this ring. The normal position of this control is shown by full lines in Fig. 5, whilst an angular position is indicated by dash and dot lines. It is essential that the control edges 29 and 30, which extend parallel, as shown in the example, should contact at a-tangent the jacket of the gas outlet cone 32 as accurately as possible. Y
  • Fig. 6 the ilow ratios of the atomization are shown diagrammatically with a rough approximation.
  • the compressed air indicated by a dash line arrow 31 flows out v of the nozzle 9 at high speed and forms a flow cone 32.
  • the gas flow control member 11 is so disposed that its control edges 29 andA 30 contact the ow cone 32 tangentially. With this arrangement a fan-wise spreading out of the compressed air is effected on the control edges as indicated byY the dash line arrows 33. The suction occurring below these fans conveys the greater part of the uid rising through the passages 7 and 8, said uid being indicated by solid line arrows 34, in the direction of the control edges 29 and 30. Only a small portion of the fluid, as shown by the branches 35, previously strikes against the jacket of the flow cone 32 which also carries these amounts in the direction of the control edges. The principal part is, however, carried into the fan-wise spread out compressed gas directly adjacent to the control edges, thereby distributed with the compressed gas l and mixed as it spreads out, -as shown by the arrows 36.
  • the dash and dot line arrows 37 show the suction produced above the fan-wise spreading out of the compressed gas, said suction being preferably received as completely as possible by the suction tube 14 owing to the appropriate adjustment thereof.
  • Y Fig. 7 shows an arrangement in the form of a group of yatomifgzers. YI n ythis case the product .of the rst.atomiz.
  • an atomizer for effecting tine distribution of liquids and pulverulent solids, comprising a nozzle for producing a cone-shaped jet of a gaseous fluid, means for conducting gaseous uid under pressure to said nozzle, a gas flow control member provided with a gas deecting surface having at least one edge of substantial length, said member being so positioned relatively to said nozzle that said surface is in the path and ,substantially :at right angles to the direction of said jet, vand that said edge is tangent to the cone of said said jet whereby the major portion of said jet will be spread into a fan-like gas stream vby said edge, a chamber at least partly below said nozzle to receive therein a supply of the substance to be atomized, and yat least one duct from close to the bottom of'said chamber to the vicinity of said nozzle, said duct having a discharge yopening laterally of said nozzle and underneath said fan-like gas Stream, whereby portions of said substance Will be
  • control member is releasably secured to a stationary part of said device and adjustable in relation to said nozzle and said duct opening.
  • a device as claimed in claim l further comprising a stationary body interiorly of said chamber and including said nozzle and part of said conducting means, and a ring to which said control member Iis secured, said ring being journaled on said body so Ias to be adjutstably rotatable about the axis of said nozzle, and markings being provided on said ring and said body to indiacte the angular position of the ring in relation to said body.
  • An atomizer for etecting tine distribution of liquids and pulverulent solids comprising a substantially upright hou-sing having a discharge opening in its upper portion, a body secured to the housing bottom and extending upwards in said housing, a nozzle in the top portion of said body for producing a cone-shaped jet of a gaseous uid, means for conducting gaseous uid under pressure from an external source through said body to said nozzle, a gas flow control member provided with aY gas deecting surface in the path and at right angles to the direction of saidv Y ject, said surface having two parallel edges of substantial length and tangent to the cone of said jet :at opposite sides thereof, whereby the major portion of said jet will be spread by said edges into two oppositely directed ktanlike gas streams, a chamber formed by the lower portion of said housing to receive therein a supply of the substance to be atomized, two ducts provided in said'body on opposite sides of the axis of said nozzle and extending from close
  • said control member comprising a bar provided with said deecting surface, said. surface having -a width larger than the d-iameter of the discharge opening of said nozzle but smaller than the spacing of said discharge openings of said ducts from each other, a ring journaled on said body coaxially with said nozzle, and the ends of said bar being carried by said ring at diametrically opposite points.
  • An atomizer as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a suction tube extending through the top of said housing to the vicinity of said control member, said tube being shiftable in the longitudinal direction and releasably secured to said housing.
  • An atomizer as claimed in claim 5 said housing containing an upper chamber in addition to said lower chamber, said lower chamber having a lower portion wherein to receive said supply of said substance to be atomized, and an upper portion the walls of which form baffle surfaces for said fan-like streams of gas, a narrow passage being provided from said lower chamber to said upper chamber, and said discharge opening of said housing being provided in the wall of said upper chamber.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US416652A 1953-01-31 1954-01-26 Atomizer for liquid and pulverulent material Expired - Lifetime US2772117A (en)

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DE320234X 1953-01-31

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US (1) US2772117A (zh)
BE (1) BE526037A (zh)
CH (1) CH320234A (zh)
FR (1) FR1092022A (zh)
GB (1) GB746977A (zh)
LU (1) LU32636A1 (zh)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3398897A (en) * 1966-09-24 1968-08-27 Nick N. Urbanowicz Nebulizer
US4569484A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-02-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Air blast type coal slurry fuel injector
FR2694500A1 (fr) * 1992-08-06 1994-02-11 Diffusion Tech Francaise Sarl Nébuliseur polyvalent pour le traitement des voies respiratoires.
EP0653218A1 (de) * 1993-11-15 1995-05-17 PAUL RITZAU PARI-WERK GmbH Zerstäubervorrichtung
US7581718B1 (en) * 2008-04-16 2009-09-01 Hsiner Co., Ltd. Atomizer
US20140261401A1 (en) * 2011-12-27 2014-09-18 Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd. Nebulizer and nebulizer kit
FR3025110A1 (fr) * 2014-09-02 2016-03-04 Univ Francois Rabelais De Tours Dispositif de pulverisation nasale de produit fluide
US20200384217A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2020-12-10 Shl Medical Ag Aerosol generator
US11389602B2 (en) * 2017-07-19 2022-07-19 Flaem Nuova S.P.A. Nebulization device for medical mixture
US11452823B2 (en) * 2016-09-02 2022-09-27 Inspirx, Inc. Breath-enhanced jet nebulizer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4792097A (en) * 1987-03-31 1988-12-20 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Non-sputtering nebulizer

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2556047A (en) * 1946-10-03 1951-06-05 Arthur M Stanley Continuously fired oil-burning system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2556047A (en) * 1946-10-03 1951-06-05 Arthur M Stanley Continuously fired oil-burning system

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3398897A (en) * 1966-09-24 1968-08-27 Nick N. Urbanowicz Nebulizer
US4569484A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-02-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Air blast type coal slurry fuel injector
FR2694500A1 (fr) * 1992-08-06 1994-02-11 Diffusion Tech Francaise Sarl Nébuliseur polyvalent pour le traitement des voies respiratoires.
EP0653218A1 (de) * 1993-11-15 1995-05-17 PAUL RITZAU PARI-WERK GmbH Zerstäubervorrichtung
US7581718B1 (en) * 2008-04-16 2009-09-01 Hsiner Co., Ltd. Atomizer
US9504794B2 (en) * 2011-12-27 2016-11-29 Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd. Nebulizer and nebulizer kit
US20140261401A1 (en) * 2011-12-27 2014-09-18 Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd. Nebulizer and nebulizer kit
FR3025110A1 (fr) * 2014-09-02 2016-03-04 Univ Francois Rabelais De Tours Dispositif de pulverisation nasale de produit fluide
WO2016034803A1 (fr) * 2014-09-02 2016-03-10 Université François-Rabelais De Tours Dispositif de pulvérisation nasale de produit fluide
US10814079B2 (en) 2014-09-02 2020-10-27 Universite De Tours Device for nasal spraying of fluid product
US11452823B2 (en) * 2016-09-02 2022-09-27 Inspirx, Inc. Breath-enhanced jet nebulizer
US11389602B2 (en) * 2017-07-19 2022-07-19 Flaem Nuova S.P.A. Nebulization device for medical mixture
US20200384217A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2020-12-10 Shl Medical Ag Aerosol generator
US11524129B2 (en) * 2018-01-23 2022-12-13 Shl Medical Ag Aerosol generator with obstructed air jets

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Publication number Publication date
FR1092022A (fr) 1955-04-18
LU32636A1 (zh) 1900-01-01
BE526037A (zh) 1900-01-01
CH320234A (de) 1957-03-31
GB746977A (en) 1956-03-21

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