US2767443A - Window frames - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23, 1956 H. HOBEIN ET AL WINDOW FRAMES Filed Sept. 25, I950 3'Sheets-Shee1. l

INVENTORS HERBERT iHOBElN WILHELM BARTH JOACHIM CRUMBIEGEL KARL NOTHELFER WILHELM KLEM ATTORNEYS Oct. 23, 1956 HOBEIN ET AL WINDOW FRAMES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 25. 195.0

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'INVENTORS HERBERT HOBEIN -WILHELM BAR-TH" JOACHIM CRUMBIEGEL KAR NOTHE vwu. av 3m ATTOR NEYS Oct- 23. 19 H. HOBEIN ET AL WINDOW FRAMES 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 25. 1950 l/Il/Illfffl/I vlllllll/lll:

INVENTORS L a I m m RM LE 5 OAUEL VI H R H wu E C M 5 N W R .5 L; m H m mm m HWJ KW United States Patent I WINDOW FRAMES Herbert Hobein, Wilhelm Barth, andJoachim W. Crumbiegel, Essen, Wilhelm Klein, Solingen, and Karl Nothelfer, Hodingen, near Uberling'enam Boden See, Germany, assignors to Pag Presswerk Aktiengesell sc'haft, Essen, Germany, a corporation of Germany Application September 25, 1950, Serial No. 186,568

Claims priority, applicationswitzerlanil September 26, 1949 9 Claims. (Cl. -56) The present invention relates to frames, particularly window frames, and more particularly, is directed to hollow frames made from frame sections.

Heretofore, when making frames, such as window frames from hollow frame sections, the frames were built up from individual sections, and these sections were then connected with each other at their places of abutment. The heretofore practiced way of building up such frames is, however, rather cumbersome, time consuming and costly.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a new type of hollow frames, which will make possible a mass production of such frames, which provides a close fit, low weight, and other advantages, such as great resistance to the influence of the weather, so that the window frames will maintain a good outer appearance and will not require painting.

It is another object of this invention to provide a frame, such as a window frame, the sections of which may easily be shaped and assembled and will yield a light-weight, strong and tightly closing window which can be mass produced without difficulties.

These and other objects of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a view of a French or double swinging'sash window according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a section taken along the line II--II of Figure '1.

Figure 3 illustrates on a somewhat larger scale than that used in Figures 1 and 2, a transverse section through the abutment for the two swinging window sashes.

Figure 4 is a section similar to that of Figure 3, but showing a modification over the latter.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 show on an enlarged scale, further modifications of the frame.

Figures 8 and 9 respectively represent in section, two

modifications of the lower frame-part.

General arrangement The essence of the present inventionconsists primarily in making a frame for use as a frame for a window sash,

window frame, door frame, and the like, of pressuremolded material, while the frame isprovided with a joint extending in the direction of the plane of the frame. In

other words, according to the present invention, two frame halves are provided which are pressure-molded individually and thereafter are connected with each other. At

least one frame half has atrough-like shape, so as to form with the other frame half, a closed hollow space. The principle of the invention is also applicable'not only to the frame for the window sashes, but also to the stationary part of the window frame and to doors.

Structural arrangement Referring now to the drawings in detail and Figures 1 to 3 thereof in particular, the structure shown therein represents a French window, in which the frame of each of the two swinging window sashes is composed of two frame halves l and 2. Each of these two halves of each sash forms a partial frame closed upon itself and made of pressurennolded material. A particularly good appearance is obtained whenemploying a pressure-molded material, of which at least the outer layers consist of resin impregnated woodveneers. The frame halves 1 and 2 have trough-like shape and abut each other along two surfaces 3 and 4 so that a hollow space closed upon itself is formed therebetween. The two frame halves are glued together along the surfaces 3 and 4. In order to make sure that the two halves are properly located relative to each other, no frame half is provided with an overlapping edge portion 5 for arresting the other frame half. The surfaces 3 and 4 along which the two frame halves are glued together, are preferably roughened so as to improve the connecting effect of the glue. This effect may also be obtained by forming the surface along which the gluing is to be effected, of a non-impregnated wood veneer placed into the pressure mold. In order to better absorb the shearing forces which may act upon the glued joints, the areas to be glued together may be provided with steps 6 engaging corresponding recesses 7 of the adjacent area (see Figure 7). Instead, keys may also be provided engaging oppositely located grooves arranged in the abutting areas to be glued together. The joints i. e. the surfaces to be glued together are preferably arranged where the least shearing stress occurs.

in addition to gluing the two frame halves together, further means may be provided for securing the frame halves together. Thus, for instance, a rivet may be provided extending through the two halves, in which instance, those parts through which the rivet extends, are preferably strengthened. The increase in material at the parts to be strengthened, may be effected by studs 8 and 9 arranged in pairs so as to face each other. These studs may either be pressure-molded together with the frame halves so as to form an integral piece therewith, or they may be fitted into said frame halves and connected thereto by a tight fit or by glue. The fittedin studs may consist of pressure-molded material, or for instance, of wood. Instead of riveting the parts together, a non-detachable connection may also be created by pressing pins 16 in tight fit into bores of two oppositely located studs. The pins 10 are preferably provided with barbs and can be formed as solid or hollow pieces. The connection by means of the pins 10 has the advantage that they are invisible from the outside. In order to reinforce the sash frame, the frame halves may be made solid at their corners. The reinforcement of the frame corners may be obtained also by inserted angle pieces which are preferably glued in. As will be clear from Figure 1, the invention also makes it possible to round the inner edges of the'frames at the corners thereof. This increases the buckling strength 'of the frame. Furthermore, this arrangement facilitates the cleaning of the window panes and gives the window a pleasing appearance. The fixtures on the window, for instance the hinge parts, may be fastened either on the outside of the frame by inserting them in corresponding depressions, or the parts may be passed through slotsv into the interior of the frame half and connected fonthe inside of the frame. The last-mentioned connection will, of course, have to be effected before the two frame halves are joined together. According to the example well as for double pane windows.

3 shown in Figures 1 and 2, the hinge parts 11 are pressed onto the frame half 1.

The sash frames may be constructed for single as Frames intended for double pane windows may be provided with a staircaselike step 14 for the second outer pane 15, in addition to the step 12. upon which the inner pane 13 rests. The panes are embedded in putty and are held by pins 16, or the like, held in bores, of the frame half 1. In order to facilitate the puttying of the panes, the groove or rebate formed by the frame half 1 for receiving the putty, is provided with strike-01f edges. The outer edge 17 is used when double pane windows are provided, whereas the inner edge 18 is used when a single pane window is to be obtained. The profile of the puttying in the last-mentioned instance, is illustrated in Figure 3 by dot-dash lines. When the putty between the two panes, 13 and 15 swells toward the frame opening, which would cause an .ugly appearance, this cannot be remedied without removing the outer pane 15. In order to avoid such a drawback, the arrangement shown in Figure provides a ledge 19 arranged in place of the putty, which ledge will secure the distancebetween the two panes. In this instance, the step 14 for resting the outer pane 15, may be omitted. ln order to prevent a sliding of the ledge 19 toward the frame opening, the ledge is provided with a hook-shaped extension 20 which catches behind a corresponding protrusion provided on the frame half 1.= If desired, the ledge 19 may consist of a plurality of pieces which may be cut to size, for instance, from long sections.

Instead of embedding the panes in putty, the panes may also be embedded in correspondingly shaped rubber ledges 21, as shown in Figure 6, which latter are provided with one or two grooves, depending on whether single or double pane windows are intended. The rubber ledge is held in its position by putty, or by ledges of wood. In order to obtain a good adherence of the putty, the, area adapted to receive the putty may, according to Figure 8, be provided with grooves 22 extending perpendicular to the direction of pressure. With regard to the area lying in the direction in which the pressure is applied, the grooves are arranged either in the direction of pressure so that they will be perpendicular to the grooves 22, or steps 23 are provided. The surfaces at which the window sash abuts the stationary window frame or casing, or, in the case of a double swinging sash window, the other window sash, must, on the one, hand, close tightly so as to prevent any draft, while, on the other hand, they must allow a certain play in the direction of the plane of the frame. This play is necessary in spite of the precision with which the frame portions may be pressure-molded, because of the lack of precision which may be inherent to the fixtures, and is also necessary due to the play in the hinges. Therefore, the sealing surfaces are arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement of the window sash, while play is provided between the areas located in the direction of movement of the window sash. This is clearly indicated in Figure 3 with regard to the two swinging sashes of the window abutting each other. The abutments are stepped in such a manner that three sealing surfaces 24, 25 and 26 are obtained. According to the specific example shown in the drawing, the outer sealing surface 26 is formed by a springy tongue 27. The dimensions are such that when closing the window, the tongue 27 abuts first and slightly bends when the sash is pressed on. This arrangement will make sure that the abutment, independent of possible deviations in the measurement, will, at least along two sealing surfaces, abut the counter surfaces. As will be clear from Figure 4, also the other outer sealing surface 24 may be connected to a springy part which, in this instance, is formed by a protruding part of the frame half 1, which part extends beyond the glued joint 3. Between the sealing surfaces 24, .25, 26 are provided small clearances 28, 29 extending in the direction of movement of the sashes. These clearances prevent a sticking, and furthermore, in co-operation with the. sealing surfaces, create a labyrinth effect which prevents the blowing through of draft air. In order to increase the labyrinth effect, the sealing surfaces may be provided with grooves 30 which preferably are pressed into the frame halves while the latter are being pressure-molded. In conformity with common practice, the bottom of the window sashes is provided with a so-called water ledge for causing the rain water flowing down the pane to flow off toward the outside. This water arm has the shape of a small protruding roof. As will be evident from Figure 8, such water ledge 31 may be formed integral with a sash frame according to the present invention, by pressuremolding the respective frame part to a greater depth. In this instance, a drip groove 32 may be milled into the side of this frame part. However, pressure-molding to such depth may, in certain circumstances, cause a tear in the veneers, in particular, when the pressuremolded material contains the former. To avoid this drawback, it is preferable, in such an instance, to provide the water ledge according to Figure 9, as an independently pressure-molded body 33. This pressuremolded body may be formed as a slightly curved plate and may be connected to the respective part of the frame by gluing it to the latter. If desired, the body 33 may be inserted into the mold and pressure-molded onto the remaining frame body when the latter is being molded. The inner part of the water ledge may then form the sealing area, or a part of the sealing area, with the strikeoff edges 17, 18 and a rest 14 for the window pane 15.

The locking mechanism of the window sash has its mainparts, as seen in Figures 10 to 12, preferably arranged inside the hollow sections. This can be easily effected because the hollow space is easily accessible prior to the assembling of the two frame halves 1 and 2. The latch 34 is mounted on the shaft of the handle 35 and is adapted through a slot 36 in the frame half 1 to pass towards the outside. Mounted on the inside of the frame half 2 is a box 37 which contains an actuating mechanism adapted to be controlled by the handle 35 and to actuate the locking rods 38 extending upwardly and downwardly. These rods are guided by the pins 10 which are located in the studs 8 and 9 and extend through slots 39 in the locking rods. These slots may be so dimensioned that the rods 10 form abutments for limiting the outward and inward movement of the locking rods. This task is preferably performed by only one or two of the pins, whereas otherwise,the slots in the locking rods are so long that their ends will not contact the adjacent pins. Instead of being provided with slots, the locking rods 8 may also be provided with alternately arranged bent portions which slide alongthe pins 10 and thus guide the locking rods. Thus, portions of the frame where the locking rods 38 pass from the inside of the frame toward the outside, are preferably reinforced according to Figure 12. More specifically, these portions are reinforced on that side which receives the locking pressure, so that these portions will be better able to absorb this pressure. Furthermore, it is advisable, in order to avoid a fast wear of these portions, to insert a metal piece 40 which engages the frame by means of a nose 41.

It will be evident that not only the window sashes, but also the stationary part of the window frame may be made according to the present invention.

The invention is also applicable to doors which consists of a frame work. If no glass doors are involved, the panels filling the openings in the door sash may be made of plywood or pressure-molded material. The frames of windows, as well as of doors, may be sub-divided by intermediate cross-bars, for instance, cross-shaped window and door frame work.

The invention alsomakes it possible favorably to pro duce oval or circular windows. The invention is also applicable to windows with arched frames.

It is, of course, understood that the present invention is by no means limited to the particular construction shown in the drawings, but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

l. A frame having at least one opening extending in the central plane in which the frame extends and adapted for the insertion of at least one pane, panel or the like, for use as a frame for windows, doors and the like, comprising two frame halves of at least one pressure-molded fiber-containing material, divided from one another substantially in a plane parallel to said central plane, each of said halves being a one piece member closed upon itself so as to encompass said opening, each of said halves being provided with at least two endless peripheral contact surfaces whereby said frame halves engage each other, said two halves being joined together by gluing along their respective contact surfaces, and being of such crosssection that, when assembled together, they enclose hollow spaces inside said frame.

2. A frame as described in claim 1, wherein said contact surfaces consist of layers of material substantially free from resin.

3. A frame having at least one opening extending in the central plane in which the frame extends and adapted for the insertion of at least one pane, panel or the like, for use as a frame for windows, doors and the like, comprising two frame halves of at least one pressure-molded fiber-containing material, divided from one another substantially in a plane parallel to said central plane, each of said halves being a one piece member closed upon itself so as to encompass said opening, each of said halves being provided with at least two endless peripheral contact surfaces whereby said frame halves engage each other, said two halves being joined together by gluing along their respective contact surfaces, and being of such cross-section that, when assembled together, they enclose hollow spaces inside said frame, at least the outer layers of said frame halves consisting of pressure-molded resinimpregnated wood veneers.

4. A frame having at least, one opening extending in the central plane in which the frame extends and adapted for the insertion of at least one pane, panel or the like, for use as a frame for Windows, doors and the like, comprising two frame halves divided from each other substantially in a plane parallel to said central plane, each of said halves being a one-piece member closed upon itself so as to encompass said opening, each of said halves being provided with at least two endless peripheral contact surfaces whereby said frame halves engage each other, said halves consisting of at least one pressuremolded fiber-containing material; and an intermediate layer of a gluing material between said contact surfaces so as to form a joint therebetween, said gluing material being so chemically combined at said contact surfaces with said pressure-molded fiber-containing material forming said frame halves as to connect said halves rigidly and durably with one another; said halves being of such cross-section that, when assembled together, they enclose hollow spaces inside said frame.

5. A frame for use as a window frame, door frame or the like, which comprises in combination: a front frame half, being a one piece frame member of pressure-molded fiber-containing material closed upon itself so as to define an opening for the insertion of at least one pane, panel and the like, and a rear frame half, being a one piece frame member of pressure-molded fiber-containing material closed upon itself so as to define an opening similar to said first-mentioned opening and being supplementary to said front frame half, said frame halves being of such cross-section as to confine with each other at least one tubular channel and being connected to each other by gluing along joints located within at least one of the planes parallel to the major central plane of said frame.

6. A non-metallic frame for use as a windw frame, door frame or the like, which comprises in combination: a front frame body composed of a single unitary frame member of pressed non-metallic material closed in itself so as to confine a relatively large opening, a rear frame body composed of a single unitary frame member of pressed non-metallic material closed in itself so as to confine an opening similar to said first mentioned opening and being supplementary to said frame member of said front frame body, said frame bodies having a cross-section so as to confine with each other at least one tubular channel and being connected to each other along joints parallel to the major central plane of said frame, those sides of said frame bodies which face each other being respectively provided with bosses arranged in substantial alignment with each other, and connecting means engaging said bosses and interconnecting said frame bodies.

7. A non-metallic frame according to claim 6, in which the bosses are of a material different from the material of said frame members.

8. A frame body according to claim 6, in which the bosses are provided with bores engaged by pins firmly secured therein.

9. A non-metallic frame according to claim 6, in which the corner portions of said front and back frame bodies are solid.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 193,833 Ritchel Aug. 7, 1877 206,534 Brock July 30, 1878 304,183 Davis Aug. 26, 1884 888,424 Crowson May 19, 1908 1,314,090 Mitchell Aug. 26, 1919 1,346,742 Edmunds July 13, 1920 1,595,999 Coupland Aug. 17, 1926 1,608,672 Rappaport Nov. 30, 1926 1,644,531 Kellander et al. Oct. 4, 1927 1,669,835 Mishoe May 15, 1928 1,704,316 Geschickter Mar. 5, 1929 1,727,613 Loetscher Sept. 10, 1929 1,740,124 Stevens Dec. 17, 1929 1,796,043 Murphy Mar. 10, 1931 1,864,559 Siebenlist June 28, 1932 1,865,205 Palmquist June 28, 1932 1,992,239 Rutishauser Feb, 26, 1935 2,086,675 Malo July 13, 1937 2,155,375 Jablonsky Apr. 18, 1939 2,279,171 Lowry Apr. 7, 1942 2,359,712 Howie Oct. 3, 1944 2,372,738 Powell Apr. 3, 1945 2,386,821 Tardiff Oct. 16, 1945 2,402,717 Winer June 25, 1946 2,562,105 Lang July 24, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS 149,878 Austria June 10, 1937

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