US2764368A

US2764368A - Yarn winding

Info

Publication number: US2764368A
Application number: US388514A
Authority: US
Inventors: Halkyard Harold; Fisher Walter John
Original assignee: British Celanese Ltd
Current assignee: Acordis UK Ltd
Priority date: 1952-10-31
Filing date: 1953-10-27
Publication date: 1956-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 1973-09-25

Description

Sept. 25, 1956 H. HAL'KYARD Em. 2,764,368

YARN WINDING Filed Oct. 27, 1953 ggg l 1 Unite States Patent O Derby, England, assignors to BritishV Celanese Limited,l

a corporation of Great Britain Application October 27, 1953, Serial No. 388,514

Claims priority, application Great` Britain October31., 1952 4 Claims. (Cl. 242-459) This invention relates to yarn winding and particularlyto the winding of cones of yarn, i. e. packages ofyarn in which the yarn mass is cross-wound on a. taperedslpport or tube and presents a part-conical outer surface and two. end surfaces, each layer of yarn (consisting of a few turns round the package) extending substantially from one end surface to the other.

Accordingto the present invention, a method of winding cones of yarn comprises effecting each traverse of the yarn from the small to the large end ofthe. cone in a shorter time than the preceding or succeeding traverse from the large to the small end. This can be brought about when, as is usual, a constantly rotated cam' or the like is provided to effect thev traversing, by making the part or parts of the cam surfaces by which the traverse from the small to the large end of the cone is effected to subtend a smaller angle at the axis of the cam than the part or parts by which the traverse from the large to the small end is effected. Thus, when the cam is such as to effect one complete to-and-fro traverse cycle for each revolution, the part effecting the traverse from the small to the large end of the cone may extend rather less than 180 round the axis of the cam, and the remaining part rather more than 180.

The principal advantage of the invention is that it facilitates the selection of the Wind ratio employed in winding a cone, i. e. the number of revolutions of the cone occurring during each traverse from one end of the cone to the other. This ratio depends upon the angular speed ratio between the cam and the winding spindle on which the cone is carried during winding. It is found that if the wind ratio is too small (e. g. below 2.5) the yarn at each end of the package, where it turns from one traverse Ainto the next, is apt to slip back from the end surface of the package to a greater or less degree, giving rise to irregularities at the end of the package which manifest themselves when the package is unwound by irregular yarn tensions or even by jamming and breaking of the yarn. This difficulty, which chiefly occurs at the innermost layers of the yarn on the cone, can be overcome by increasing the wind ratio. However, if too high a wind ratio is employed (e. g. above 2.75) the end surfaces of the package and the outer surface near the ends are apt to bulge, apparently due to the greater pressure of the yarn and to a reduced resistance to movement of the yarn, under that pressure, axially of the package. Bulging of this kind gives rise to diliiculties in unwinding the package and, when it occurs near the ends of the outer surface of the package, causes difficulty in winding also, the yarn guide by which the yarn is led to the package being apt to strike the bulge in the course of traversing and to damage, and even to eut through the yarn therein. It has been found that, especially with artificial continuous filament yarns which are of a smooth and slippery character, these diliiculties may overlap, e. g. at a wind ratio in the neighbourhood of 2.75, so that the wind ratio cannot be made high enough to overcome the first difficulty without running into the second. It has 2,764,368 Patented Sept.' 25,1956

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further been found, however, that by thev use of the present invention a wind ratio can be chosen (different, in accordance with the invention for the different direc1 tions of traverse) by which both difculties are overcome'.

As already indicated,` the inventionis of particularadvantage in thev winding of cone's ofl smooth and, SlipperyV yarn, particularly artificial continuousflament yarn, e. g. Continuousfilament cellulose acetate yarn. produced by the dry or evaporative spinning method.v The cones of., yarn produced in accordance` with the invention -are characterised in that eachA layerof yarn therein extending, (in the order of winding) from the lsmall to the, large end of the cone has a smaller angle of wrap round the axis of the package (and consequently a, largerhelix' angle)- than the adjoining layers of yarn extending in the opposite direction. The invention includesv within its scope, in addition to the methody of cone windingv defined above, cones, of yarn having this characteristi fea.- ture, and the traverse, cams (and, cone-winding IIIaallilttsV incorporating them.) designed to produce such packages.

By way of example, one form of traverse cam in accordance with` the invention, and a cone-winding machine incorporating such cams, together with the way in which; it is operated to carry out the method' of the.l invention,

, will new be. described in greater detail with reference toV the: accompanying drawing, inV which:

Figure. l is a diagrammatic rear elevation of. a4 single unit, or spindle, in a cone-winding machine having a series of such units arranged in line, and

Figure 2 is an end-diagram of the cam in Figure l, showing its angular proportions.

The cam, of which one is provided for each spindle, is indicated at 3 and comprises a channel-sectioned member having two parts 4, 5 of helical form, extending in opposite directions round the surface of an imaginary cylinder (represented at 6 in Figure 2) and joined at their ends at 7, 8 to form a continuous cam surface, the channel section opening outwards with reference to the surface 6 to receive a cam-bowl 9 or like cam follower. The channel-sectioned member 3 is supported by a spider 10 from a central hub 11 which is coaxial with the surface of the imaginary cylinder 6 and is mounted on a cam shaft 12 by which the cam is rotated. The diameter of the cylinder 6 is 6, the axial length of the groove or channel is 6" and its width The two parts 4, 5 of the cam 3, while equal in axial extent, do not cover equal angles of round the axis of the cam. The part 4 covers an angle of 198 round the shaft 12 while the part 5, which is therefore of greater helical pitch than the part 4, covers an angle of 162.

The shaft 12 is connected through suitable gearing 14 to a winding spindle 15 on which is mounted a'tapered tube 16 forming the basis of the cone 17 to be wound. The spindle 15 is driven from a Ishaft 18, common to all the spindles of the machine, by means of skew gears 19. Yarn, indicated at 13, is guided to the tube 16 by means of a yarn guide 20 mounted on a rod indicated at 21 and extending parallel to the surface of the tapered tube 16 and that of the cone 17. The rod 21 is mounted in slides 22 so that it can move in the direction of its own length and carry the traverse guide 20 to-and-fro along the length of the tapered tube 16. The slides 22 are mounted on arms 23 which are pivoted on the cam shaft 12 and biassed by a counterweight 24 so that the traverse guide rests in contact with the tube 16 or with the surface of the yarn already wound thereon. Carried by the rod is the cam-bowl or follower 9 which engages the groove round the periphery of the cam 3 so that the rod 21 moves to-and-fro by rotation of the cam 3. The cam 3 is rotated in such a direction that the portion 4 thereof which extends for the greater angle round the 3 shaft 12 of the cam drives the traverse guide 20 from the base 25 towards the tip 26 of the tapered tube 16, while the remaining part 5 ofthe cam drives the traverse guide 20 in the reverse direction.

The Cam shaft 12 and the spindle 1S are geared t0 give a speed ratio between'themof about 5.48:l (exact whole-number ratios, or simple fractions are to be avoided). The average wind-ratio as defined above is therefore 2.74. Owing to the inequality of the angles covered by the two parts 4, 5 of the cam, however, the wind-ratio of the travers'e from the base 25 to the tip 26 of the cone is 3.044, while that from the tip 2.6 to the base 25 is 2.436. In spite of the low wind-ratio from tip to base of the cone, cones with good regularity in the early layers of yarn can be obtained while, in spite of the high wind-ratio from base to tip, the cones are of vgood external shape and free from undue bulging.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A method of winding artificial continuous filament yarn into cross-wound cones of yarn presenting two end surfaces and having each layer of yarn therein extending substantially from one end surface to the other, said method comprising effecting each traverse of the yarn from the small to the large end of the cone in a time that is shorter by up to 25% than that taken by the preceding or succeeding traverse from the large to the small end of the cone.

2. A method of winding artificial continuous filament yarn into cross-wound cones of yarn presenting two end surfaces and having each layer of yarn therein extending substantially from one end surface to the other, said method comprising effecting each traverse of the yarn from the large to the small end of the cone in a number of revolutions of the cone more than 2.75, and effecting each traverse of the yarn from the small to the large end of the cone in a number of revolutions less than said number of revolutions by up to 25% and less than 2.75.

3. Cross-wound cones of articial continuous filament yarn in which each layer of yarn extending from one end surface of the cone to the other end surface and in which each layer extending, in the order of winding, from the small to the large end of the cone has an angle of wrap round the axis of the cone that is smaller, by up to 25%, than the angle of wrap of the adjoining layers of yarn, extending from the large to the small end of the cone.

4. Cross-wound cones of artificial continuous filament yarn in which each layer of yarn extending from one end surface of the cone to the other end surface and in which each layer extending, in the order of winding, from the large to the small end of the cone has an angle of wrap round the axis of the cone greater than 2.75 turns, while each adjoining layer of yarn, extending from the small to the large end of the cone has an angle of Wrap that is smaller than said angle by up to 25% and is smaller than 2.75 turns.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,647,535 McKean Nov. l, 1927 FOREIGN PATENTS 426,380 Germany Mar. l0, 1926 341,118 Great Britain Ian. 15, 1931