US276161A

US276161A - Open evaporator and furnace for cane-juice

Info

Publication number: US276161A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 1900-04-24

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

v Room, OPEN EVAPORATOR AND FURNAGE FOR GANE JUICE. No. 276,161.

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\ Patented'Apr. 'Z4

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- OPEN E'V'APORATOR AND BUENA-GE PQR GANE JUICE.. No. 276,161. Patented Apr.2 4,1883.

WITNESSES N. PETERS. PheIo-Llwgmpher. Walhingwn, Ill'.

(No Model.) 4 Shasta-sheen a.

11000K. OPEN EVAPORATOR AND PURNGB FOR GANE JUIE. No.. 216,161. Patemed-Apr-.24,1883.

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f 5, Fl G z t INVENTOR (No Model.) l 4 sheets-sheet 4.

' F. COOK.

OPEN EVAPORATOR AND PURNAOE POB. GANE JUICE. No. 276,161. A Patented Apr.24,1883

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UNITED STATES PATENT ERICE.

FREDERIC oooK, or NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

OPEN EVAPORATO AND FURNAGE FOR CANE-JUICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 276,161, dated April 24, 1883.

Application nieu June 27, Issa. (No model.) L

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC Coon, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Open Evaporators and Furnaces for Cane-Juice, &c., of which the foilowing is a specification.

My invention relates to further improvements in open evaporators for Working with direct dre-heat, to furnaces for supplying the heat, and to utilization of the waste heat, being additional improvements on my application for a patent tiled January 25,1882. These improvements are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in four sheets by eighteen tignres, in which- Figure 1 is a ground plan, partly in section, of three separate evaporators and combined furnace for bagasse and coal or wood. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section ofFig. 1 through line A B. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section through line C D of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged end view, partly in section, of an evaporator and its supporting-Walls (partly) and steam-jet pipes. Fig. 5 is an enlarged side View, in section, ot' an evaporator and part of the masonry setting. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of a pair of evaporators set side by side, with a pair of bagasse and coal furnaces, with the Babcock & Wilcox Companys patent water-tube steam-boilers-one of-thein set to receive the waste heat from the evaporators, the other to Work with an independent furnace. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section through line E F ofFig. 6. Fig. 8 shows a horizontal section of evaporators set in line with a double bagasse-burner and auxiliary coal or wood furnaces. Fig. 9 shows a plan, partly in section, of evaporators set in line with a new arrangement of coal-furnace to supply the direct heat. Fig. 10 is a vertical .longitudinal section ot' furnace through line G H ol' Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a vertical longitudinal section of evaporators and furnaces through line I J of Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a ground plan, partly in section, of evaporators and double coal-furnaces. Fig. 13 is a vertical longitudinal section of coal-furnace on an enlarged scale. Fig. 14 :is a horizontal section through line K L of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a cross-section through line M N of Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is part of a vertical longitudinal section through part of furnace, showing a ire-tile, G, set in front ofl arch. Fig. 17 is part of a vertical longitudinal section through part of furnace, showing a pipe, H", set across furnace, containing flowing water. Fig. 1S is an elevation of heater K" and settling-tank N shown on Fig. (i.

In the old manner ot' evaporating cane-juice by direct heat in ordinary open kettles the juice-or sirup, as it becomes ready, is passed out by means of a bucket at the end ota long pole, and as the quantity becomes diminished fin the kettle the sirnp runs down the interior tire-exposed surfaces while discharging, the full lire-heat at same time being on the exterior surface of kettle. to remain in the kettle, which darkens and is mixed up with the fresh charge of juice. In consequence of this a discoloration takes place ofthejuice by burning or browning of the sirup and hus of sirup on the interior of the eX- posed tire-surfaces ofthe kettle; also, when a kettle is discharged as above, the exposed firesurfaces become very hot, and there is great liability to crack the metal when a fresh charge ofjuice is pnt in by sudden contraction.

-The above discoloration of the Sirup I avoid in my improved evaporators, and I do so by shutting oil the heat or fire from them before discharging sirup and by subjecting their exterior fire-surfaces and interior lire-tubes to a steam-bath While discbargingand until relled, when steam is shut ott' from exterior and tiretubesand the lire-heat again turned on. I arrange the evaporators so that each can in its turn be boiled or shut oft' and discharged.

Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show three evaporators set on same fire-iue. but independent of each A portion of the sirup has other, and arranged so that each can be worked or shut oi'at pleasure, the heat being turned awayinto a separate ilue when any evaporator is discharged.

Q and It are tire-tile. dampers, suspended from overhead and balanced by means of a wire rope or chain passing over pulleys, as shown on drawings, and provided with suitable means of winding them up or down, as shown at S.

The tirst evaporator, T, is shown with the dampers in position to shut oft' the heat from IOO evaporator, the heat then passing down into the lower flue, U, and up again to boil the evaporators V and W, as is indicated by the course of the arrows on the drawings, Fig. 2. The dampers for the evaporators V and W are shown in position to shut up lower flue, U, and open upper uc, X, to the heat.

Between each evaporator there are holes Y in the arch Z, through which holes the heat can rise from lower to upper fine, or the rcverse. Immediately after shutting off heat from a full evaporator, as described, steam is blown through the fire-tubes A', and also nnder the evaporator by means of jet-pipes B' and C'. The pipe I3' has small holes in it opposite each lire-tube, and it is protected from lire by the fire-tiles D', which are in front of evaporators. 'Ihis steam-jetlalso use to blow out ashes from tubes, and, if necessary, toincrease draft through them. Thus I blow out the fire-heat from fire-tubes and underneath evaporators by steam, which escapes over top ofback damper, It, and,as the evaporator is shut off from the re and its heating or fire surface is subjected to a steam-bath, instead of tireheat, I can draw off the sirup or fluid contained in it entirely, as no burning or charring of the films of sirup remaining on heating-surfaces will take place, which in the old manner of evaporatin g cane-juice by fire-heat causes a discoloration of the sirup.

I also include as my invention the admission of cold air through an opening in walls, (regulated by a damper or valve,) or a mixture of steam and air, in which case the steam may be injected in center of au air-opening to force in the air, forming an air-Siphon for the same purpose of cooling off exterior fire-surfaces of evaporators before and during their discharge.

rIlhe bagasse is burned green from the mill in furnace E', which acts in combination with a small furnace, F', for solid fuel, and provided with hot-airjets obtained from the heat ofthe walls acting on a current of cold air traveling through air-fines in walls, or other known means of heating the air. The bridge-wall G' prevents the lower flue, U, becoming choked with ashes, and throws the iiames upward toward the evaporating-tlue X.

The double evaporators and double bagasse furnaces shown at Figs. G and 7 are arranged so that the evaporators can work alternately and with one damper, H', in front to shut off either upper evaporating-iiue, I', or lower nue, J'. Then steam is blown under the bottom and through tubes of either evaporator when discharging, it passes ofto the chimney without going under the evaporatorthat is boiling. The waste heat passes from evaporators to boilers J", which in this case, as shown at Figs. 6 and 7, are the Babcock d: Wilcox Gompany's patent water-tube boilers, which, having very large fire-surface in proportion to water, are the best adapted for absorbing waste heat.

One boiler receives the waste heat from the evaporators. 'lhc other is tired independently. In the flue between end of boilers and chimney I place a heater, K", Figs. G, 7, and 18. 'Ihe waste heat surrounds it. Water is fcdin near bottom at L". Theheat causes precipitation of impurities. The purified water overflows at M" to settling-tank N", from which pipe O" supplies a feed-pump to'boilers. P" and Q" are cocks to discharge settlings. Pipe M" descends to near bottom of tank N".

The bagasse-furnaces K' and L' have a reversible chute to discharge the ba-gasse direct from the mill alternately into the furnaces.

Each bagasse-furnace has a small coal-furnace attached, M' and N', arranged with a double set of inclined bars, each set having a separate draft-door. The coal is thrown into door 0. At I?l isahanging bridge-wall. The coal on first set of bars burns from the base, and but little air being admitted at door Q', cokes, and is pushed down on bars It', where thc final combustion is effected. The smoke and gases from the raw coal pass through its base downward and over the tire from bars R', and then encounters hot-air jets, as shown at I", which, entering at the temperature of ignition, assist in making a more perfect combustion. The ignited gases pass into the bagasse-furnace and mix with the products of combustion of the green bagasse direct from the mill. The result is, I believe, a more perfect and economical result than has heretofore been obtained in utilizing green bagassc as fuel for evaporation. Both grates otl furnace M' are stationary, and grates R' are cleaned by means of a side door, S', as shown.

T' is an ash-pit door for bars R'. A steamjet pipe is shown at U' for blowingvsteam under bottom ot' evaporators when .discharging sirup.

Fig. 8 is an arrangement of evaporators set in aline with a double bagasse-burner and a furnace for coal or wood outside each. The bagasse is fed in from the mill alternately to each bagasse-furnace. Each furnace discharges its tire-heat into same flue on which the evap orators are set.

Figs. 9, 10, and 1l show the application ot' my new furnace for coal to a train of evaporators. The furnaceV' sets at rightangles across the end of train, and the heat is discharged through the side of the furnace at IV', which enables the furnace to be cleaned, and the i'uel spread and raked down from base of anglingbars X' through the door Y'.

Fig. 12 shows a ground plan, partly in scction, of double improved coal-gas furnaces to a train of evaporators. The arrangement of flues and dam pers of Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12, are the same as in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, before described.

Figs. 13, 14, and 15 show enlarged views of the furnace shown at Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12, combined with evaporators.

The coal is thrown in at door Z' and lies on angle-bars A". The coalis kept nearalevel on top,sothatitburnsatthebase. Thesmokeand IOO IOS

lIO

gases disengaged by the heat are drawn down through the incandescent coal and over the ire on lower bars, B. The lower portion of the coal on bars A slides down onto bars B", and can be drawn over and spread on bars B by fire-tools inserted through door Y', through which door the clinker can be taken out and the fire stirred. Both bars A and bars Bare stationary. At C" is a draft-door for bars A, and at Dll the ash-pit or draft-door for bars B.

E forms a division and water-trough, in which I admit water which overiiows into ashpit, and the vapor' keeps bars cool, which, being drawn through the fire, decomposes and assists combustion. F" is a hanging bridgewall, and W is the flue opening from furnace to the evaporators.

Fig. 16 shows a portion of bars and furnace with a cross-tile bar, G, set across furnace, which may be replaced as it burns out, or a water-tube, H, Fig. 17, may be used at this point, through which water Hows, which has been used in steam-boiler furnaces as waterlegs under pressure of the boiler, and may be used for heating the feed-water; but I prefer having no pressure on it except the weight of the water entering by a pipe from an overhead tank, and any steam formed escapes back to the tank by a separate pipe, condensing back into water, as described in my application led January 25,1882, for water-dampers used in connection with trains of open evaporators and furnaces for cane-juice, &;c. rlhe water in the tank becomes heated by the return of the steam, precipitates impurities, and can be used to feed boilers; or, instead of a pipe shown at Fig. 17, an open top watertank may be used, through which water Hows, and set across furnace to take the place ofthe bridge-wall F, and when such a tank is used the bottom of it forms the top of furnace over grates B. The overflow from such a tank I discharge into another tank not exposed to heat; but the water coming in hot and not being in a state of ebullition in outside tank, will precipitatev its foul and earthy matter, and by drawing from the top can then be used to advantage for feeding the steam-boilers, and will be in a comparatively pure condition. So by substituting a water-tank for the hanging bridge-wall F it forms a furnace-top that cannot burn out, and at same time a means of heating and purifying feed-water for the boilers. The water-tube H may also-be used as a heater for feed-water, which may discharge into a settling-tank, will precipitate in same way as described, and thence be used for the boilers.

WhatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of a furnace with the two dues leading therefrom, the evaporatingpans, and the dampers hung so that they can be passed into either fine for the purpose of closing the same, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a furnace with the two finesY leading therefrom, the passages Y, located at intervals through the partition between said lines, the evaporators, and the sliding dampers R, hung so as to be passed into either due for the purpose of closing the same, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the two furnaceilues communicating with each other through passages Y of the evaporators, and the dampers R, adapted to be passed through the passages between the dues, and to close either due, two of said dampers being provided for each evaporating-pan, whereby the heat can be entirely shut olf from any one evaporatingpan, substantially as described.

4. The combination ot' the evaporators located above a furnace-due, of the tire-tubes A', the steam-pipe B for discharging steam into the said tire-tubes, and the steam-pipe C', for discharging steam under the evaporators, substantially as described.

5. The evaporatin g apparatus provided with a furnace at one end, boilers J at its opposite end, and ues vU X, one of said boilers` being located in a passage leading from the two dues, whereby the waste heat is utilized, substantially as described.

6. An evaporating apparatus to work with dre-heat, composed of a separate furnace for solid fuel discharging into a separate furnace for bagasse fuel, a train of open evaporatingpans to receive the tirstdirect heat, arranged to be worked independently or together by means ot dampers, a steam-boiler to receive the waste heat from evaporators, and a water-heater and purifier set in tlue to receive the waste heat from boilers, arranged thus for the purpose of utilizing the waste heat of each portion of the apparatus and economizing fuel.

FREDERIC COOK.

Witnesses:

D. 1. Downas, J As. SIMEON.