US2751352A - Magnetic fluids - Google Patents

Magnetic fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
US2751352A
US2751352A US243349A US24334951A US2751352A US 2751352 A US2751352 A US 2751352A US 243349 A US243349 A US 243349A US 24334951 A US24334951 A US 24334951A US 2751352 A US2751352 A US 2751352A
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United States
Prior art keywords
magnetic
iron
glycol
composition
particles
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US243349A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arnold A Bondi
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Shell Development Co
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Shell Development Co
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Publication date
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7701107,A priority Critical patent/NL171985B/xx
Priority to BE513667D priority patent/BE513667A/xx
Priority to NL88348D priority patent/NL88348C/xx
Application filed by Shell Development Co filed Critical Shell Development Co
Priority to US243349A priority patent/US2751352A/en
Priority to GB21121/52A priority patent/GB705050A/en
Priority to FR1071708D priority patent/FR1071708A/fr
Priority to DEN5976A priority patent/DE947421C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2751352A publication Critical patent/US2751352A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/06—Use of special fluids, e.g. liquid metal; Special adaptations of fluid-pressure systems, or control of elements therefor, to the use of such fluids
    • F15B21/065—Use of electro- or magnetosensitive fluids, e.g. electrorheological fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
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    • H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
    • H01F1/445—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids the magnetic component being a compound, e.g. Fe3O4
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    • H01F1/447—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids characterised by magnetoviscosity, e.g. magnetorheological, magnetothixotropic, magnetodilatant liquids
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/043—Siloxanes with specific structure containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/044—Siloxanes with specific structure containing silicon-to-hydrogen bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/04—Oxidation, e.g. ozonisation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to magnetic fluids and more partlcularly to magnetic fluids wherein the magnetic particles are inhibited from precipitating or settling out of the fluid system.
  • Magnetic fluids of the type with which this invention is concerned and their application to various uses such as in hydraulic systems, dashpots and clutches is fully discussed by Jacob Rabinow of the National Bureau of Standards, in a paper presented before the AIEE meeting in Washington, D, C., October 5-7, 1948.
  • the magnetic fluid for use in a clutch or the like operates on the following basic principle:
  • the magnetic particles When the space between two parallel (magnetic) surfaces is filled with finely divided magnetizable or magnetic particles and a magnetic field is established between the two plates, the magnetic particles bind the plates together against movement parallel to their surfaces.
  • the magnetic particles may be finely divided iron which, for most applications, is mixed with a liquid, such as oil, to prevent packing and to aflFord smoother operation of the clutch.
  • oleophobic material should also possess ferrophilic properties and can be selected from a wide class of mate rials.
  • the oleophobic materials suitable as suspending agents for magnetic solids suspended in magnetic fluids of this invention should be low molecular weight oleophobic polar materials of which oxygen and/ or nitrogencontaining oleophobie-ferrophilic liquids are particularly preferred.
  • magnetophilic and oleophobic-ferrophilic liquids is meant to include such liquids which tend to be readily attracted to magnetic particles such as metal (iron) particles and coat said particles so as to prevent the particles from being wetted by the liquid base such as being oil wetted.
  • oleophobic-ferrophilic liquids which are particularly suitable as dispersing agents for colloidal iron particles and the like, suspended in various liquid mediums, can be ineluded low molecular weight alcoholic materials as well as amide derivatives of low molecular weight acids having not more than five carbon atoms and water-soluble amines.
  • Illustrative examples of dispersing agents for use in composition of this invention are: ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, mercaptoethanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentanediol2,4; hexanediol-2,5; butanediol-1,3; ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, N-hydroxy ethyl propylene diamine, morpholine, N-methyl morpholine, triethanolamine; foramide, acetamide and the like.
  • the base carrier or vehicle for the magnetic particles can be selectedfrom a wide variety of materials preferably oleaginous in character and possessing lubricating properties such as natural and/ or synthetic lubricants.
  • Mineral oils of any viscosity range varying from about 40 to 2,000 SUS at 100 F., having high flash and fire points and mixtures thereof can be used, said mineral oils being obtained from any petroleum crude.
  • Preferred mineral oils are refined ones, e. g., steam cylinder oils, bright stock oils, white oils, light machine oil, etc., 300 to 700 SUS at 100 F., a viscosity index of from about 40 to and an average molecular weight of from about 350 to 550.
  • Mixtures of mineral oil and fixed oils such as castor oil, lard oil and the like can be used as well as organic synthetic lubricants and mixtures thereof, such as:
  • Organic synthetic lubricants A. Complete alkyl esters of organic acids, e. g., alkyl lactates, alkyl oxalates, alkyl sebacates [di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate], alkyl adipates [di(2-ethylhexyl') adipate], alkyl phthalates (dioctyl phthalates), alkyl ricinoleates (ethyl ricinoleate), alkyl benzoates.
  • Alkyl or alkylaryl esters of inorganic acids e. g,., tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, dibutyl trichloromethanephosphonate, trixylenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate.
  • V Synthetic lubricants made from polymerization of alkylene oxides at elevated temperatures in the presence of catalysts such as iodine, hydrogen iodide, etc.
  • propylene glycol tetramethylene glycol, hexarnethylenc glycol, pentamethylene glycol.
  • D Sulfur-containing reaction products obtained by treating allyl alcohol, divinyl ether, diallyl ether, dimethallyl ether and glycols with P128 in the presence of a catalyst such as toluene sulfonic acid, e. g., dihydroxy dipropylsulfide, trimethylene glycol and dihydroxy dipropyl sulfide, trimethylene glycol and hydroxy diethyl sulfide.
  • a catalyst such as toluene sulfonic acid, e. g., dihydroxy dipropylsulfide, trimethylene glycol and dihydroxy dipropyl sulfide, trimethylene glycol and hydroxy diethyl sulfide.
  • Vl Polymers obtained from oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds, e. g., polymerization of tetrahydrofuran in the presence of a catalyst.
  • Silicone compounds e. g., silicate esters (alkyl and/ or aryl silicates, e. g., tetraphenyl silicate, tetra ethyl hexyl silicate), polyalkyl silicone polymers (dimethyl silicone polymers), Dow-Corning fluids, alkylaryl silicone polymers, e. g.,. (methyl. phenyl silicone polymers).
  • Fluoro and/ or chloro carbon oils e. g., fiuorinated petroleum fractions, e. g., kerosene, trifiuorochloroethyl'enes, hexachlorobutadiene, chlorinated biphenyl's.
  • the metal magnetic particles or powders used to form magnetic fluids of this invention can be any materials possessing magnetic properties having dimcnsionsof from 2 to 100 microns and preferably from 5 to 30 microns.
  • Powder iron produced by decomposition of carbonyl iron is particularly suitable for use in magnetic clutch fluids of this invention, although powder iron and/or iron oxide produced by any other. suitable means can be used.
  • Highly desirable magnetic fluids such as magnetic clutch fluids can be prepared by using formulations within the following range:
  • Base carrier 0. g., natural and/or synthetic lubricant 3-79.
  • Magnetic material e. g., powder iron 97-10 60-90 Dispersing agents, 0. g., oleophobic-ferrophilic material 0.00140 0. 01-5 O tlonal addition anti-oxidant, corrosion inibitor, etc 01 0-0.1
  • compositions of this invention are:
  • Composition I is a composition of Composition I:
  • compositions identified hereinbelow were placed in 2 oz. bottles and allowed to stand for 5 days at room temperature undisturbed and the amount of oil separation observed.
  • composition Percent oil separation A B 0 C 0 E 0.1 G 0 X 1 40 Y 2 50 Z 3 70 1 Composition X 1 part mineral oi1+6 parts iron powder.
  • Composition Y Composition X+0.1 part of oleophilic surface active agent (oil-soluble ester).
  • Composition Z Composition X+0.1 part of oleopllilic surface active agent (oil-soluble fatty acid).
  • compositions of this invention can be modified by addition thereto of minor amounts (0.01-1%) of anti-oxidants, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure agents, antiwear agents and the like such as alkyl phenols (2,6 ditertbutyl-4-methyl phenol), amines, e. g., phenyl-naphthylamine; organic phosphorus compounds, e. g., dilorol phosphate, dilauryl phosphite, tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate; sodium nitrite, lithium nitrite, etc.
  • anti-oxidants such as alkyl phenols (2,6 ditertbutyl-4-methyl phenol), amines, e. g., phenyl-naphthylamine; organic phosphorus compounds, e. g., dilorol phosphate, dilauryl phosphite, tributyl phosphate, tric
  • a stable magnetic fluid consisting essentially of a mixture of from about 60% to 90% of iron particles having dimensions of from 5 to 30 microns and from about to about 40% of a liquid hydrocarbon, said mixture containing from about 0.01% to about 5% of an alkylene glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
  • a stable magnetic fluid consisting essentially of a mixture of from about 60% to 90% of iron particles having dimensions of from 5 to 30 microns and from about 10% to about of mineral oil, said mixture containing from about 0.01% to about 5% of an alkylene glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
  • a stable magnetic fluid consisting essentially of a mixture of from about to of iron particles having dimensions of from 7 to 10 microns and from about 10% to about 40% of mineral oil, said mixture containing from about 0.01% to about 5% of ethylene glycol.
  • a stable magnetic clutch fluid consisting essentially of a mixture of iron particles having dimensions of 7 to 10 microns and kerosene in the ratio of 6 to 1 respectively, and about 0.1% of ethylene glycol based on the total composition.
  • a stable magnetic fluid consisting essentially of a mixture of from about 60% to 90% of iron particles having dimensions of from 7 to 10 microns and from about 10% to about 40% of mineral oil, said mixture containing from about 0.01% to about 5% of propylene glycol.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US243349A 1951-08-23 1951-08-23 Magnetic fluids Expired - Lifetime US2751352A (en)

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NLAANVRAGE7701107,A NL171985B (nl) 1951-08-23 Werkwijze voor het bereiden van preparaten met werking tegen schistosomiasis, de aldus verkregen gevormde preparaten en werkwijze voor het bereiden van 1,2-dithioolverbindingen.
BE513667D BE513667A (en)) 1951-08-23
NL88348D NL88348C (en)) 1951-08-23
US243349A US2751352A (en) 1951-08-23 1951-08-23 Magnetic fluids
GB21121/52A GB705050A (en) 1951-08-23 1952-08-22 Improvements in and relating to magnetic fluids
FR1071708D FR1071708A (fr) 1951-08-23 1952-08-22 Compositions fluides magnétiques
DEN5976A DE947421C (de) 1951-08-23 1952-08-23 Magnetische Fluessigkeit

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Cited By (37)

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US3040164A (en) * 1958-11-12 1962-06-19 Pevar Maxwell Composition and process for inspection of autogenous welds
US3155531A (en) * 1958-09-23 1964-11-03 Harris Intertype Corp Meagnetic liquid developer and method for electrostatic images
US3155622A (en) * 1959-08-03 1964-11-03 John D Steele Radioactive magnetic flaw detection composition and process for making same
US3214378A (en) * 1960-09-01 1965-10-26 R G H Company Inc Composition for magnetic particle testing
US3247117A (en) * 1960-05-06 1966-04-19 Dick Co Ab Magnetic lithographic ink
US3951881A (en) * 1973-05-16 1976-04-20 Rockwell International Corporation Method of magnetic particle testing using strippable coatings
US4849120A (en) * 1986-05-13 1989-07-18 Price John T Magnetically controllable couplings containing ferrafluids
US4944802A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-07-31 Omni Quest Corporation High coercivity magnetic inks and method for making same
US4957644A (en) * 1986-05-13 1990-09-18 Price John T Magnetically controllable couplings containing ferrofluids
US5147573A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-09-15 Omni Quest Corporation Superparamagnetic liquid colloids
EP0395359B1 (en) * 1989-04-26 1993-09-22 Tonen Corporation Electroviscous electrically insulating fluids
WO1993021644A1 (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-10-28 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological fluids and methods of making thereof
WO1994010691A1 (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-11 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological materials based on alloy particles
US5353839A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-10-11 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological valve and devices incorporating magnetorheological elements
US5354488A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-10-11 Trw Inc. Fluid responsive to a magnetic field
US5453209A (en) * 1991-09-09 1995-09-26 Simon; Juanito A. Chemical metal and oil treating composition and process
US5505880A (en) * 1991-09-25 1996-04-09 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Magnetorheological Fluid
US5516445A (en) * 1993-09-21 1996-05-14 Nippon Oil Company, Ltd. Fluid having magnetic and electrorheological effects simultaneously and
US5547049A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-08-20 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological fluid composite structures
US5577948A (en) * 1992-04-14 1996-11-26 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US5599474A (en) * 1992-10-30 1997-02-04 Lord Corporation Temperature independent magnetorheological materials
US5639296A (en) * 1994-10-25 1997-06-17 Sandia Corporation Thixotropic particles suspensions and method for their formation
US5645752A (en) * 1992-10-30 1997-07-08 Lord Corporation Thixotropic magnetorheological materials
US5683615A (en) * 1996-06-13 1997-11-04 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological fluid
US5705085A (en) * 1996-06-13 1998-01-06 Lord Corporation Organomolybdenum-containing magnetorheological fluid
US5730893A (en) * 1996-04-19 1998-03-24 Ferrotec Corporation Magnetic colloids using acid terminated poly (12-hydroxystearic acid) dispersants
US5795212A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-08-18 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Deterministic magnetorheological finishing
US5900184A (en) * 1995-10-18 1999-05-04 Lord Corporation Method and magnetorheological fluid formulations for increasing the output of a magnetorheological fluid device
US5906767A (en) * 1996-06-13 1999-05-25 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological fluid
US5921357A (en) * 1997-04-14 1999-07-13 Trw Inc. Spacecraft deployment mechanism damper
US6395193B1 (en) 2000-05-03 2002-05-28 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological compositions
US6503414B1 (en) 1992-04-14 2003-01-07 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US6547986B1 (en) 2000-09-21 2003-04-15 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological grease composition
EP0975890A4 (en) * 1997-04-24 2003-07-23 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc MAGNETIC PARTICLE DAMPING APPARATUS
US20090057602A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-03-05 Barber Daniel E Non-settling glycol based magnetorheological fluids
DE102012213534A1 (de) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 Kampf Schneid- Und Wickeltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Wickelwelle, insbesondere für Rollenschneid- und Wickelmaschinen
US11518957B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2022-12-06 Lord Corporation Additive for magnetorheological fluids

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US3003965A (en) * 1953-09-29 1961-10-10 Philips Corp Method of preparing a magnetic sound carrier
US3133023A (en) * 1961-06-26 1964-05-12 Ibm Preparation of coatings and printing inks
GB1198445A (en) * 1966-08-05 1970-07-15 British Petroleum Co Powdered Metals
US3635819A (en) * 1970-06-15 1972-01-18 Avco Corp Process for cleaning up oil spills
US4100088A (en) * 1976-07-02 1978-07-11 Xerox Corporation Imaging composition
JPS57144028A (en) * 1981-02-27 1982-09-06 Ricoh Co Ltd Nonaqueous dispersion of fine particle
US4430239A (en) 1981-10-21 1984-02-07 Ferrofluidics Corporation Ferrofluid composition and method of making and using same
JPH08259986A (ja) * 1995-03-27 1996-10-08 Taiho Ind Co Ltd 磁性流体組成物
DE102005010558B4 (de) * 2005-03-04 2007-10-31 Sirona Dental Systems Gmbh Zahnärztliches Instrument mit einer Kupplung

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US2525571A (en) * 1948-05-21 1950-10-10 Martin P Winther Dynamoelectric machine containing a magnetic fluid mixture

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US2461494A (en) * 1945-05-07 1949-02-08 Robert C Switzer Method and composition for flaw detection
US2525571A (en) * 1948-05-21 1950-10-10 Martin P Winther Dynamoelectric machine containing a magnetic fluid mixture

Cited By (45)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155531A (en) * 1958-09-23 1964-11-03 Harris Intertype Corp Meagnetic liquid developer and method for electrostatic images
US3040164A (en) * 1958-11-12 1962-06-19 Pevar Maxwell Composition and process for inspection of autogenous welds
US3155622A (en) * 1959-08-03 1964-11-03 John D Steele Radioactive magnetic flaw detection composition and process for making same
US3247117A (en) * 1960-05-06 1966-04-19 Dick Co Ab Magnetic lithographic ink
US3214378A (en) * 1960-09-01 1965-10-26 R G H Company Inc Composition for magnetic particle testing
US3951881A (en) * 1973-05-16 1976-04-20 Rockwell International Corporation Method of magnetic particle testing using strippable coatings
US4957644A (en) * 1986-05-13 1990-09-18 Price John T Magnetically controllable couplings containing ferrofluids
US4849120A (en) * 1986-05-13 1989-07-18 Price John T Magnetically controllable couplings containing ferrafluids
US4944802A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-07-31 Omni Quest Corporation High coercivity magnetic inks and method for making same
EP0395359B1 (en) * 1989-04-26 1993-09-22 Tonen Corporation Electroviscous electrically insulating fluids
US5147573A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-09-15 Omni Quest Corporation Superparamagnetic liquid colloids
US5453209A (en) * 1991-09-09 1995-09-26 Simon; Juanito A. Chemical metal and oil treating composition and process
US5505880A (en) * 1991-09-25 1996-04-09 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Magnetorheological Fluid
US5577948A (en) * 1992-04-14 1996-11-26 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
WO1993021644A1 (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-10-28 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological fluids and methods of making thereof
US6503414B1 (en) 1992-04-14 2003-01-07 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US7261616B2 (en) 1992-04-14 2007-08-28 Qed Technologies International, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US5354488A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-10-11 Trw Inc. Fluid responsive to a magnetic field
WO1994010691A1 (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-11 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological materials based on alloy particles
US5599474A (en) * 1992-10-30 1997-02-04 Lord Corporation Temperature independent magnetorheological materials
US5382373A (en) * 1992-10-30 1995-01-17 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological materials based on alloy particles
US5645752A (en) * 1992-10-30 1997-07-08 Lord Corporation Thixotropic magnetorheological materials
US5353839A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-10-11 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological valve and devices incorporating magnetorheological elements
US5516445A (en) * 1993-09-21 1996-05-14 Nippon Oil Company, Ltd. Fluid having magnetic and electrorheological effects simultaneously and
US5547049A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-08-20 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological fluid composite structures
US5639296A (en) * 1994-10-25 1997-06-17 Sandia Corporation Thixotropic particles suspensions and method for their formation
US5795212A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-08-18 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Deterministic magnetorheological finishing
US5839944A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-11-24 Byelocorp, Inc. Apparatus deterministic magnetorheological finishing of workpieces
US6106380A (en) * 1995-10-16 2000-08-22 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Deterministic magnetorheological finishing
US5900184A (en) * 1995-10-18 1999-05-04 Lord Corporation Method and magnetorheological fluid formulations for increasing the output of a magnetorheological fluid device
US6027664A (en) * 1995-10-18 2000-02-22 Lord Corporation Method and magnetorheological fluid formulations for increasing the output of a magnetorheological fluid
US5730893A (en) * 1996-04-19 1998-03-24 Ferrotec Corporation Magnetic colloids using acid terminated poly (12-hydroxystearic acid) dispersants
US5906767A (en) * 1996-06-13 1999-05-25 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological fluid
US5705085A (en) * 1996-06-13 1998-01-06 Lord Corporation Organomolybdenum-containing magnetorheological fluid
US5683615A (en) * 1996-06-13 1997-11-04 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological fluid
US5921357A (en) * 1997-04-14 1999-07-13 Trw Inc. Spacecraft deployment mechanism damper
EP0975890A4 (en) * 1997-04-24 2003-07-23 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc MAGNETIC PARTICLE DAMPING APPARATUS
US6395193B1 (en) 2000-05-03 2002-05-28 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological compositions
US7070707B2 (en) 2000-05-03 2006-07-04 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological composition
US6547986B1 (en) 2000-09-21 2003-04-15 Lord Corporation Magnetorheological grease composition
US20090057602A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-03-05 Barber Daniel E Non-settling glycol based magnetorheological fluids
US8062541B2 (en) 2007-08-01 2011-11-22 Lord Corporation Non-settling glycol based magnetorheological fluids
DE102012213534A1 (de) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 Kampf Schneid- Und Wickeltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Wickelwelle, insbesondere für Rollenschneid- und Wickelmaschinen
DE102012213534B4 (de) * 2012-08-01 2021-01-28 Kampf Schneid- Und Wickeltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Wickelwelle, insbesondere für Rollenschneid- und Wickelmaschinen
US11518957B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2022-12-06 Lord Corporation Additive for magnetorheological fluids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE947421C (de) 1956-08-16
BE513667A (en))
FR1071708A (fr) 1954-09-03
GB705050A (en) 1954-03-03
NL171985B (nl)
NL88348C (en))

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