US2751253A - Adjustable spray nozzle - Google Patents

Adjustable spray nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
US2751253A
US2751253A US165488A US16548850A US2751253A US 2751253 A US2751253 A US 2751253A US 165488 A US165488 A US 165488A US 16548850 A US16548850 A US 16548850A US 2751253 A US2751253 A US 2751253A
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Prior art keywords
passage
cap
orifice
nozzle
valve
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US165488A
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Jr William J Purchas
Orent Edward
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3468—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with means for controlling the flow of liquid entering or leaving the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3473—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with means for controlling the flow of liquid entering or leaving the swirl chamber in response to liquid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/12—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means capable of producing different kinds of discharge, e.g. either jet or spray
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3026—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being a gate valve, a sliding valve or a cock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3426—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels emerging in the swirl chamber perpendicularly to the outlet axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
    • F23D11/26—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed

Definitions

  • This invention relates to spray nozzles and has particular relation to a spray nozzle capable of being adjusted while the spray nozzle is in place within the air supply chamber or passage of an internal combustion turbine with which spray nozzles of such type are to be employed.
  • An object of the invention therefore is to provide a liquid fuel spray nozzle having a spray discharge pressure which is variable and which pressure can be adjusted within practical limits and without removing the nozzle or any of its parts thereof from the apparatus with which it is employed.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an external adjustment for a fuel spray nozzle in which different rates and sizes of spray discharge are employed.
  • the invention generally comprises a nozzle body adapted to be secured in the air supply passage and projecting into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion turbine.
  • the body has a passage projecting therethrough in which discharge orifice cap assemblies and fuel strainer cap assemblies are secured Within the opposite ends thereof.
  • the passages referred to there is employed a pop-off valve for opening the passage for the flow of fuel to the nozzle orifice when the fluid pressure affecting the nozzle has been increased a predetermined amount.
  • One of the caps referred to supports a part of the valve in the passage, so that any adjustment of this cap relative to the body of the nozzle will affect the pressure at which the pop-off valve will open.
  • the adjustment of the position of the cap supporting the pop-off valve mechanism can be made from externally of the nozzle body and without removing the body or any of its component parts from its mounting in the turbine or other apparatus with which it is employed.
  • Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view through a fuel spray nozzle embracing the principles of this invention.
  • Figure 1 also illustrates a fragmentary sectional View of Between these assemblies and in i 2,751,253 Patented June 19, 1956
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle illustrated by Figure 1.
  • Figure 2 is taken substantially in the plane of line 2-2 on Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows thereon.
  • Figures 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views through other spray nozzles also illustrating the principles of the invention. 7
  • the numeral 10 indicates a part of an internal combustion turbine, jet engine, combustion device, or other apparatus in which a spray nozzle of the type referred to may be employed.
  • the part 10 has a threaded opening 11 formed therein for receiving the fluid supply end 12 of the fuel spray nozzle indicated generally at 13.
  • the fuel supply end of the spray nozzle indicated at 12 normally is located inside a cap forming a part of the part 10 which in turn is located in the air supply passage of the combustion device with which the nozzle is employed.
  • the discharge end of the nozzle indicated by the numeral 14 projects beyond the support or mounting part 10 and into the cornbustion chamber of the device with which the nozzle is employed.
  • the nozzle 13 comprises a nozzle body 16 having an elongated fuel passage 17 extending from one end of the other thereof.
  • the discharge end of the passage 17 is enlarged as is indicated at 18 for the purpose of receiving the inner end of the discharge orifice cap unit indicated at 19.
  • the cap unit 19 comprises a cap or member 21 having a threaded intermediate portion indicated at 22 which is adapted to be received in the threaded opening 23 which is formed adjacent the outer end of the enlarged passage 18.
  • the cap 21 may be secured in different positions with respect to the body 16 by operation of a lock nut indicated at 24.
  • the inner end portion of the cap 21 beyond the threaded portion 22 is formed to fit the interior surface of the enlarged opening 18 and a gasket 26 disposed in an annular opening formed in the interior of the body 16 is provided for the purpose of preventing any leakage of fluid between the exterior surface of the cap 21 and the interiorsurface of the body 16.
  • the outer extremity of the cap 21 has an inwardly projecting annular flange 27 surrounding an opening therein and through which is adapted to project the forward end of a discharge orifice head indicated generally at28.
  • the head 28 hasan outwardly projecting flange 29 adapted to rest upon and to a part of an internal combustion turbine in which the spray nozzle is operably mounted.
  • the opposite edge of the flange 29 is engaged by the reduced end 31 of an elongated sleeve 32 adapted to be received and secured Within an internally threaded portion 33 of the cap 21.
  • the opening 34 within the sleeve 32 is adapted to provide a continuation of the passage 17 within the body 18. Beyond the threaded portions 33 the sleeve 32 and the cap 21 are relieved as indicated at 36 and 37 to provide an annular space indicated at 38, and beyond the inner extremity of the cap 21 the space 38 communicates with the enlarged opening 18.
  • the sleeve 32 projects beyond the opening 18 where it is slidably disposed within the surface of the opening provided by the passage 17.
  • a gasket 39 disposed in an annular opening formed in the exterior surface of the sleeve 32 is adapted to prevent any leakage between the iner end of the sleeve 32 and the surface of the body 16 forming the passage 17.
  • the opening 34 forming the interior of the sleeve 32 has a reduced part 41 adjacent the inner end of the sleeve and through which the opening 34 communicates with the passage 17.
  • the inner end of the sleeve 32 has a concentrically disposed annular groove 42 formed about the opening 41 which is adapted to provide a seat for one end of a coil spring indicated at 43.
  • the opposite end of the spring 43 receives and supports the pilot end of the head 44 of a pop-ofi valve 46 which is adapted to control the flow of fluid through passage 17 and towards the discharge end 14 of the nozzle 13. It will be apparent thatthe position of the sleeve 32 within the passage 17 will determine the compression of the spring 43 and the resistance to movement of valve head 44 off its seat.
  • the position of the sleeve 32 with respect to the passage 17 and to the body 16 may be varied by turning the cap 19 upon the threads 22 and relative to the body 16.
  • the sleeve 32 may be secured in any desired position relative to the body 16 by with respect to the passage 17 and communicates with the latter through an opening 53 formed in the seat 48.
  • a cap 54 having a threaded end 56 projecting within and secured against the internally threaded end of the body 16.
  • the cap 54 is provided with an opening 57 which provides comimunicationthrough the cap 54 and between the interior of a strainer 58 and the openings 52, 53, and 49 which form a continuation of the passage 17 through the fuel supply end'12 of the body 16.
  • the strainer 58 is secured by a ring 59 in an annular recess formed in the cap 54 adjacent the outer end surface thereof.
  • the outer end of the strainer 58 is closed by a flanged disc 61 in which the strainer is secured by an annular ring 62.
  • strainer 58 is secured in extended position relative.
  • the fuel so supplied passes through the strainer 58 and the various openings heretofore described as forming a continuation of the passage 17.
  • the pressure of the liquid so supplied reaches a predetermined value it is apparent that the pop-oil valve 46 will be moved ofi its seat and against the compression of the -spring 43 thereby opening the passage 17 throughout the entire length thereof.
  • a secondary or by-pass passage which is indicated by the numeral 64.
  • a second by-pass passage 66 which communicates at its opposite end with an annular passage 67 which surrounds the annular flange 29 projecting outwardly from the orifice head 28.
  • the annular passage 67 communicates'with a low flow nozzle discharge chamber 68 through a plurality of openings 69 which are tangently disposed at the inner extremities thereof with respect to the cylindrical surface forming the peripheral wall of the low pressure discharge chamber 68.
  • the outer tapered end of the discharge chamber 68 is adapted to discharge liquid supplied by the openings 69 through a discharge orifice 71 which is formed about the axis of .the orifice head 28.
  • chamber 68 is a second or high flow discharge chamber Inwardly beyond the discharge 72, the two being separated by an annular partition ring 73 which is secured between the chambers and within the orifice head 28..
  • the high flow discharge chamber V 4 72 communicates with the low flow discharge chamber 68 and the orifice 71 through an opening 74 formed in the ring 73.
  • the opposite end of the discharge chamber 72 is closed by a disc 76 which is secured at its edges to the inner extremity of the orifice head 28.
  • annular passage 77 Inwardly beyond the flange 29 the orifice head 28 is surrounded by an annular passage 77 which in turn communicates with the openings 34 and 41 forming a continuation of the passage 17.
  • the annular passage 77 also communicates with the high flow discharge chamber 72 through a plurality of openings 78, the inner extremities of which are arranged in tangential relation to the cylindrical surface forming the outer limit of the high pressure discharge chamber 72.
  • the openings 78 are tangentially related to the high flow discharge chamber 72, there will be a whirling of the liquid in the discharge chamber 72 and from which chamber the liquid will overflow the annular ring 73 through the opening 74 and thereafter will be expelled through the discharge orifice 71 in the form of a narrow elongated spray suitable for operating the turbine or other device with which the nozzle is employed at maximum power or speed.
  • the discharge chamber 68 also will be supplied with a relatively smaller amount of liquid through the openings 69 and this liquid will merge with the liquid so discharged from the discharge chamber 72 and at the orifice 71.
  • this force can be varied by moving the sleeve 32 within the passage 17 and that this movement may be brought about by turning cap 21 relative to the body 16. It will be noted that the cap may be turned with respect to the body 16 merely by releasing the lock nut 24 and then tightening the locknut when the cap is moved to the extent which may be desired for the adjustment of spring 43.
  • this adjustment may be made without removing the cap 21 or without removing or changing the adjustment of any of the parts within the cap that provide for the discharge of the spray from the discharge orifice 71.
  • this adjustment may be made without removing any of the operative parts located at the liquid supply end of the nozzle and without removing the nozzle from the part 10 by which the nozzle is secured within the apparatus with which it is employed.
  • FIG. 3 there is disclosed a structure in'which the discharge nozzle is ofiset relative to the main body of the device so as to discharge either a wide angle or an elongated spray at an angle differing from the angle at which the main body of the nozzle is positioned in the apparatus with which it is employed.
  • the nozzle disclosed by Figure 3 comprises a nozzle body 101 adapted to be secured by a flange 102 to the apparatus with which the nozzle is to be employed.
  • the body of the nozzle is divided into a fuel supply end indicated at 103 and a fuel discharge end indicated at 104.
  • the body 101 comprises an elongated passage 106 extending throughout the length thereof, the passage 106 being closed at the opposite ends thereof by caps 107 and 108.
  • the cap 108 has an orifice head 109 secured therein by a hollow elongated sleeve 111 which in turn is secured in the interior of the cap by threads indicated at 112.
  • a gasket 119 located in an annular groove formed in the outer surface of the sleeve 111 prevents leakage between the outer surface of the sleeve and the surface of an opening 121 into which the sleeve 111 projects.
  • the opening 121 provides an angularly disposed continuation of the passage 106.
  • the sleeve 111 has an opening 113 providing a continuation therein of the passage 106 and leading to an opening 114 formed in the forward end of the sleeve and surrounding the adjacent end of the orifice head 109.
  • the orifice head 109 has a discharge chamber 123 formed therein which communicates with opening 114 through tangently disposed openings indicated at 115.
  • the orifice head 109 has a flange 116 projecting outwardly therefrom, the head 109 being secured in the end of the cap 108 by clamping the flange r 116 between the outer end of the sleeve 111 and an inwardly projecting flange 117 forming a part of the end of the cap 103.
  • the discharge orifice assembly comprising the various associated elements of the cap 108 is removably secured within threads 118 formed in an opening projecting into the end of the body 101 at an angle relative to the linear extent of the body 101.
  • the chamber 123 communicates with the exterior of the nozzle through an orifice indicated at 124.
  • the annular opening 122 also communicates through passages 127 with an annular opening 128 formed around the inside surface of and at the inner extremity of the cap 108.
  • the annular space 128 in turn communicates with a by-pass passage 129 which is formed in the body 101 in parallel relation to a part of the passage 106.
  • passage 106 An intermediate portion of passage 106 is enlarged in such a way as to receive an annular spring seat 131, which is inserted in the body 101 from the fuel supply end 103 thereof.
  • the spring seat 131 has an opening 132 therein which provides a continuation within the body 101 of the passage 106.
  • a coil spring 133 has one end thereof seated in an annular groove formed in the seat 131 around the fuel supply end of the opening 132.
  • a valve seat 'for the head 136 is provided by a hollow reduced end 137 of the cap 107.
  • the reduced end 137 projects within and movably fits an enlarged portion of the passage 106 extending beyond the valve 136.
  • a gasket 138 located in an annular groove formed in the exterior surface of the reduced end 137 reduces to a minimum the leakage of liquid between the reduced end 137 and the adjacent interior surface of the body 101.
  • the cap 107 projects outwardly to provide an enlarged cylindrical portion 139 adapted to fit an enlarged cylindrical surface 141 which is formed within the liquid receiving end of the end 103 of the body 101;
  • An annular space 142 is provided between the enlarged and the reduced ends 139 and 137 of the cap 107 and the adjacent interior surface of the body 101,
  • the annular space 142 communicates with the by-pass 129, and through radial openings 143, with opening. 144 formed in the reduced end 137 of the cap 107.
  • the opening 144 communicates with and forms a continuation of the passage 106, the flow of fluid through such passage being determined, however,.by the position of the valve head 136 with respect to its seat upon the'reduced end member 137.
  • a flanged annular member 146 Seated in an opening around the fluid supply end of the opening 144 is a flanged annular member 146 in which one end of a strainer 147 is secured by an annular ring 148.
  • the opposite end of the strainer 147 is closed by a beaded cap 149, the strainer 147 being resiliently held in extended position by an internally disposed coil spring 151.
  • the opposite ends of the spring 151 are supported by the annular ring 148 and the cap 149.
  • the strainer unit so described is held in position within the interior of the cap 107 by'a sleeve 152 which forms an extension of a coupling member 153 by which the liquid supply line, not shown, is connected to the nozzle.
  • the inner end of the sleeve 152 abuts the outer edge of the flanged ring 146 to which the screen 147 is secured.
  • the coupling 153 including the sleeve 152 is held in position within the cap 107 by means of threads indicated at 154.
  • the liquid fuel for operating the nozzle is supplied by an opening 156 within the coupling 153 which communicates with an opening'157 forming the interior of the sleeve 152 and surrounding screen 147.
  • the liquid supplied through the opening 156 is supplied at variable pressures which are determined by mechanism under the control of the operator of the device or turbine with which the nozzle is employed.
  • the fuel so supplied to the opening 157 passes through the strainer 147, into the opening 144 where the flow of such liquid through the passage 106 is prevented by the pop-off valve member 136 until the total pressure of the fluid upon the exposed surface of the member exceeds the force exerted thereon by the spring 133.
  • the cap 107 is secured in an opening formed in the end of the body 101 by threads 160 which are formed on the adjacent portions of the cap and body.
  • the position of the cap 107 within the body 101 may be varied by rotating the cap 107 relative to the body 101 and upon the threads 160.
  • the cap 107 maybe secured in any desired position relative to the body 101 by operation of a lock nut 158 which is positioned upon the threaded external surface of the cap 107 and which is adapted to be locked against the end surface of the body 101.
  • Such relative positions of the cap and body may be de- ,termined by rotating the .cap
  • the cap 107 may be secured in any of such variable positions by tightening the lock nut 158 against the body .101.
  • a nozzle body 201 which may be entirely offset relative to the member by which the nozzle is secured in the turbine or other apparatus with which the nozzle is employed.
  • the body 201 is provided with an offset extension indicated at 202 having a flanged or otherwise formed end, not shown, and by which end the entire nozzle is adapted to be securedin operative position within the apparatus.
  • the offset end 202 is provided with a fuel supply opening or passage 203 for supplying fuel for operating the nozzle to an annular passage 204'formed within the interior of the body 201.
  • the annular passage 204 communicates with a main fuel supply passage 206 extending throughout the entire length of the body 201. Such communication is provided through oppositely disposed openings which are indicated at 207 and which are formed radially within a sleeve portion 211 of a cap 209 for closing the fuel supply end of the spray nozzle.
  • the sleeve portion 211 of the cap 209 is slidably disposed in an enlarged portion 208 of the passage 206.
  • a gasket 210 disposed in an opening in the body 201 prevents leakage of fluid between the body and the sleeve 211.
  • Opening 212 in the interior of sleeve 211 and opening 213 in a reduced end 214 of the sleeve 211 provide a continuation of the opening 206.
  • the reduced end 214 of the sleeve 211 has a gasket 215 inserted in a groove formed in the exterior surface thereof for preventing leakage of fluid between the reduced end 214 and the surface of opening 206 in which the reduced end 214 is slidably disposed.
  • the end of the cap 209 is closed by a screw 216 which is threaded into the interior thereof as is indicated at 217.
  • An opening 218 in the interior of the screw 216 is adapted to receive a flanged ring 219 in which one end of a cylindrical strainer 221 is secured.
  • the opposite end of the strainer 221 is secured in a similar flanged ring 222 which is likewise secured in an opening formed between the sleeve 211 and the reduced end 214 of the cap 209.
  • the body 201 has a sleeve portion 229 extending within and projecting beyond the annular passage 226 and against the end of which a flange 231 projecting outwardly from orifice head 232 is adapted to abut.
  • Flange 231 is secured between the end of sleeve 229 and an inwardly projecting flange 233 formed at the end of the discharge cap 227 and surrounding the orifice head 232.
  • the discharge cap 227 is secured in position upon the body 201 by threads indicated at 234, there being a gasket 236 beyond the threads 234 which is adapted to be compressed between internally and externally disposed shoulders formed on the cap and body respectively.
  • annular supporting flange 238 Projecting inwardly adjacent the discharge end of the sleeve 229 is an annular supporting flange 238 against one surface of .which a coil spring 239 is adapted to be supported. The opposite end of the spring 239 surrounds the pilot end 241 of a pop-off valve head 242 charge end of the reduced extension 214; Beyond the flange 238 the passage 206 is adapted to communicate with an annular supply passage 245. surrounding a reduced portion of the discharge head 232 and through which the passage 206 communicates with a discharge chamber 244 formed within the head 232. Such communication is provided through tangential openings 246 formed through the reduced portion of the head 232. Communication between the discharge chamber 244 and the supply chamber 243 is otherwise closed by a disc 247 which is secured rigidly in the reduced end of the head 232 and between the two chambers referred to.
  • the annular space 226 surrounding the sleeve end 229 of the body 201 also is adapted to communicate with the discharge chamber 244 through tangential openings indicated at 2 .8.
  • the discharge chamber 244 communicates with the exterior of the nozzle through an orifice 249 formed in the front end' of the orifice head 232.
  • a short wide-angled spray of fluid particles may be discharged from the orifice 249 by supplying liquid fuel at relatively low pressure through the passages 248 which communicate with the orifice discharge chamber 244.
  • Fuel may be so supplied through the passages 248 under all conditions of operations of the nozzle by fuel supplied to the nozzle through fuel supply passage 203. Beyond the passage 203, the fuel will be supplied through annular passage 204, through radial openings 207, through the opening 212 in the sleeve 111, through the opening 213 in the reduced end 214, through radial passages 224 in the reduced end 214, through the annular passage 208, through the by-pass passages 228, and thence into the openings 248 through the annular passage 226.
  • additional fuel may be supplied to the orifice discharge chamber 244 by supplying additional fuel through tangential passages 246.
  • additional fuel may be supplied when the value of the pressure of the fuel supplied to the nozzle increases to such an extent that the pop-off valve member 242 will be moved from its seat 243.
  • the flow of fluid from the fuel supply passage 203 will proceed through annular passage 204, through radial passages 207, through the opening 213, through the remaining part of the passage 206, into the supply passage 245, and thence to the discharge chamber 244 through tangential passages 246.
  • fuel will be discharged into the discharge chamber 244 through the two sets of tangential passages indicated at 246 and 248 and from the discharge chamber 244 to the space beyond the orifice head 232 through discharge orifice 249.
  • a nozzle under such circumstances, will provide an elongated high volume spray of liquid fuel for operating the turbine or other apparatus with which the nozzle is employed, at high speed and at high power.
  • the pressure at which the pop-off valve head 242 will be forced from its seat for providing such elongated high volume spray will be determined by the adjustment of the cap 209 relative to the body 201.
  • Such adjustment may be effected by loosening the lock nut 200 upon the threads 205 and thereafter turning the cap 209 relative to the body 201.
  • Such turning of the cap 209 will move the reduced end 214 of the cap relative to the flange 238 supporting the opposite end of the compression spring 239 and hence will vary the compression of the spring 239 to any desired extent.
  • the cap 209 may be secured in any desired adjusted position relative to the body 201 by tightening the lock nut 200 against the end of the body 201.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an elongated passage formed therein, resilient valve means for closing said passage, an orifice beyond said valve means for spraying liquid supplied by said passage, 2. bypass forrned in said body around said valvemeans for directly supplying liquid from said passage to said orifice, a cap for closing one end of said passage and having a sleeve portion projecting into said passage and supporting said valve means, and means extending to the outside of said body for adjusting the position of said cap relative to said body.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an orifice therein, said orifice being adapted to communicate with a passage formed within said body and said passage being adapted to supply liquid to said orifice to be sprayed from said body by said orifice, a movable member within said passage, said movable member being adapted to divide said passage into first and second fluid supply ducts leading to said orifice, resilient valve means for closing said second duct against the flow of liquid to said orifice, said valve means being adjustable for opening said second duct in response to difierent pressures within said passage and aifecting said valve means, said difierent pressures being determined by the relative positions of said movable member and said nozzle body, a member adjustably mounted in said body and extending to the exterior thereof for moving said movable member relative to said body and means for securing said movable member and said body in any desired relative position.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an elongated passage projecting therethrough, said body being adapted to be closed by caps projecting within said body and closing the opposite ends of said passage, one of said caps having an orifice formed therein for spraying liquid from said body supplied by said passage, a valve within said body for closing said passage against the flow of liquid from said orifice, a by-pass formed in said body and connecting said passage and said orifice around said valve, and means resiliently supporting said valve between said two caps and adjustably affected by the relative position of one of said caps with respect to said body for determining the opening pressure of said valve, the said one of said caps including a portion extending to the exterior of said body.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an elongated passage formed therein, a valve including a resiliently seated member in said passage for controlling the flow of liquid in said passage, an orifice associated with said body and communicating with said passage beyond said valve, a cap projecting from the exterior of said body into said body at one end of said passage, means for adjustably securing said cap with respect to said body, said cap having a duct formed therein for providing communication between said passage and said orifice, and a spring disposed between said cap and said valve member for resiliently closing said valve.
  • a liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a fuel supply passage therein, a cap threaded within said body and communicating with said passage and having a fuel discharge orifice therein, resiliently actuated valve means disposed in said passage for controlling the flow of fuel through said passage and the discharge of said fuel from said orifice, said resiliently actuated valve means being supported by said cap for operation at difierent fuel pressures within said passage, means extending to the outside of said body for adjusting the position of said cap relative to said body, and a by-pass conduit defined by said body and connecting said passage to said orifice around said valve means.
  • a liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a fuel supply passage therein, a cap having a sleeve portion removably disposed within said passage, means on the sleeve portion extending from the body for adjusting the position of said sleeve portion relative to said body from externally of said body, a pressure actuated valve within said passage and supported by said sleeve portion for opening said passage in response to different fluid pressures within said passage, said valve being operable in response to said variable pressures according to the position of said sleeve portion relative to said body, a fuel dis- F charge chamber formed-in said cap and communicating with said passage beyond said valve, a by-pass conduit defined by said body and extending around said valve and communicating with said discharge chamber in parallel relation to said passage, and a discharge orifice formed in said cap and communicating with said discharge chamber for projecting different spray patterns of liquidfuel beyond said nozzle. 7
  • a liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a passage therein, a sleeve projecting into said passage, resilient means adjustably supported by said sleeve for closing said passage, a cap projecting from said body and surrounding said sleeve and having said sleeve secured therein, an orifice head secured between said sleeve and said cap, a discharge chamber formed in said head and having an orifice formed in said head for spraying the contents of said discharge chamber beyond said cap, said head having tangentially directed openings formed therein for delivering liquid fuel from said passage to said discharge chamber, a by-pass conduit defined by said body for continuously supplying fuel to said discharge chamber in parallel relation to said passage and around said resilient means, and means accessible from the exterior of said body for adjusting the position of said cap relative to said body.
  • a liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a passage formed therein, a cap closing one end of said passage, said cap having a support portion projecting into said body and slidably engaging the walls of said passage, said cap having a discharge orificeformed thereinandcommunicating with said passage for discharging liquid fuel spray from said nozzle, a valve for closing said passage, resilient means for closing said valve, said resilient means being adjustably disposed relative to said valve by the relative position of said support within said body, a removable valve seat for supporting said valve, said valve seat being projected into said passage from the end thereof opposite said discharge orifice, a cap having a liquid fuel strainer secured therein and secured in said passage at the end thereof opposite said orifice, said body having a bypass passage formed therein around said valve and communicating with said orifice in parallel relation to said passage, and means for adjustably securing said support in different positions within said body, said last mentlzjioned means being accessible from externally of said ody.
  • a liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a discharge orifice formed in one end thereof and a liquid supply passage leading thereto, a cap for closing the opposite end of said passage, said cap being removably secured within said body and being movable in said passage into different positions therein relative to said body, means extending to the exterior of said body for securing said cap in any of said different positions relative to said body, strainer means within said cap, said strainer means being removably secured in said cap by means accessible from the exterior of said body, said strainer being in communication with said passage for cleaning the fluid supplied to said orifice, and a spring pressed valve supported by the inwardly projecting portion of said cap in different positions in said body and relative to said passage.
  • a liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a passage therein, a cap closing one end of said passage, said cap having a support portion projecting into said body and slidably engaging the walls of said passage, said cap having a discharge orifice formed therein and communicating with said passage for discharging liquid fuel spray from said nozzle, a valve for closing said passage, resilient means for closing said valve, said resilient means being adjustably disposed relative to said valve by the relative position of said support within said body, a removable valve seat for supporting said valve, said valve seat being projected into said passage from the end thereof opposite said discharge orifice, said body having a bypass conduit defined thereby around said valve communicating with said orifice in parallel relation to said means being accessible from externally of said body.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an orifice therein, said orifice being adapted to communicate with "a passage formed within said body and said passage being adapted to supply liquid to said orifice to be sprayed from said body by said orifice, a movable member within said passage, said movable member being adapted to divide said'passage into first and second fluid supply ducts leading to said orifice, resilient valve means for closing said second duct against the flow of liquid to said orifice, said valve means being adjustable for opening said second duct in response to difierent pressures withinsaid passage and afiecting said valve means, said different pressures being determined by the relative posi- "tions of said movable member and said nozzle body,
  • said movable member including a part adjustably mounted in said body and extending to the exterior thereof for moving said movable member relative to said body, and means for securing said movable member and said body in any desired relative position.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising an elongated body "defining a liquid entrance passage into the body, means at one end of the body defining a liquid spray orifice, means defining first and second passages within the body from the liquid entrance passage to the orifice, valve means for closing the second passage against the fiow of liquid to said orifice, the valve means comprising relatively movable engageable parts adapted to cut oil the fiow of liquid when in engagement and resilient means connected to the parts and urging the parts into engagement, a member connected to the resilient means mounted in the body for adjustment longitudinally of the body for varying the setting of the resilient means to adjust the pressure setting of the valve, the adjustably mounted member extending to the exterior of the body at one end thereof and having means thereon exterior to the body for adjustment thereof, and means for securing said movable member to said body in positions of relative adjustment over a predetermined range.
  • a liquid spray nozzle comprising an elongated body defining a liquid entrance passage into the'body, means at one end of the body defining a liquid spray orifice, means defining first and second passages Within the body from the liquid entrance passage to the orifice, valve means for closing the second passage against the'fiow of liquid to said orifice, the valve means comprising relatively movable engageable parts adapted to cut off the fiow of liquid when in engagement and resilient means connected to the parts and urging the parts into engagement, a member connected to the resilientmeans mounted in the' body for adjustment longitudinally of the body for varying the setting of the resilient means to adjust the pressure setting of the valve, the adjustably mounted member dc.- fining at least part of one of the passages and extending to the exterior of the body at oneend thereof and having means thereon exterior to the body for adjustment thereof, and means for securing said movable-member to said body in positions of relative adjustment over a predetermined range.

Description

June 1956 w. J. PURCHAS, JR, mp 2,751,253
ADJUSTABLE SPRAY NOZZLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 1, 1950 Snnentors .ezdag/z (Ittornegs June 1956 w. J. PURCHAS, JR, ETAL 2,751,253
ADJUSTABLE SPRAY NOZZLE Filed June 1, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A! W m M W 2; attorneys United States Patent 'ce ADJUSTABLE SPRAY NOZZLE William J. Purchas, 31:, and Edward Brent, Grand Rapids, Mich, assignors to General Motors Corporation, De troit, Mich, a corporation of Delaware Application June 1, 1950, Serial No. 165,488
13 Claims. (Cl. 29-118) This invention relates to spray nozzles and has particular relation to a spray nozzle capable of being adjusted while the spray nozzle is in place within the air supply chamber or passage of an internal combustion turbine with which spray nozzles of such type are to be employed.
It has been the custom heretobefore to employ spray nozzles having a pop-off valve which is responsive to an increase in pressure in the fuel supply line for changing the discharge rate and the spray formation of the nozzle, and it has been considered desirable to have some adjustment for such pop-off valves so that the rate of discharge and the spray formation of a nozzle having such a valve can be varied to suit different operating conditions in the turbine with which the spray nozzle is employed. However, these pop-off valves have been located between other parts of the nozzle mechanism also requiring adjustment, cleaning, or periodic removal, so that it has been diliicuit to provide anything in the way of an adjustment for pop-off valves, without completely disassembling the entire nozzle structure.
An object of the invention therefore is to provide a liquid fuel spray nozzle having a spray discharge pressure which is variable and which pressure can be adjusted within practical limits and without removing the nozzle or any of its parts thereof from the apparatus with which it is employed.
Another object of the invention is to provide an external adjustment for a fuel spray nozzle in which different rates and sizes of spray discharge are employed.
The invention generally comprises a nozzle body adapted to be secured in the air supply passage and projecting into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion turbine. The body has a passage projecting therethrough in which discharge orifice cap assemblies and fuel strainer cap assemblies are secured Within the opposite ends thereof. the passages referred to there is employed a pop-off valve for opening the passage for the flow of fuel to the nozzle orifice when the fluid pressure affecting the nozzle has been increased a predetermined amount. One of the caps referred to supports a part of the valve in the passage, so that any adjustment of this cap relative to the body of the nozzle will affect the pressure at which the pop-off valve will open. The adjustment of the position of the cap supporting the pop-off valve mechanism can be made from externally of the nozzle body and without removing the body or any of its component parts from its mounting in the turbine or other apparatus with which it is employed.
For a better understanding of the invention, reference may now be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification.
In the drawings:
Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view through a fuel spray nozzle embracing the principles of this invention. Figure 1 also illustrates a fragmentary sectional View of Between these assemblies and in i 2,751,253 Patented June 19, 1956 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle illustrated by Figure 1. Figure 2 is taken substantially in the plane of line 2-2 on Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows thereon. i
Figures 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views through other spray nozzles also illustrating the principles of the invention. 7
Referring particularly to Figure 1, the numeral 10 indicates a part of an internal combustion turbine, jet engine, combustion device, or other apparatus in which a spray nozzle of the type referred to may be employed.
The part 10 has a threaded opening 11 formed therein for receiving the fluid supply end 12 of the fuel spray nozzle indicated generally at 13. The fuel supply end of the spray nozzle indicated at 12 normally is located inside a cap forming a part of the part 10 which in turn is located in the air supply passage of the combustion device with which the nozzle is employed. The discharge end of the nozzle indicated by the numeral 14 projects beyond the support or mounting part 10 and into the cornbustion chamber of the device with which the nozzle is employed.
The nozzle 13 comprises a nozzle body 16 having an elongated fuel passage 17 extending from one end of the other thereof. The discharge end of the passage 17 is enlarged as is indicated at 18 for the purpose of receiving the inner end of the discharge orifice cap unit indicated at 19. The cap unit 19 comprises a cap or member 21 having a threaded intermediate portion indicated at 22 which is adapted to be received in the threaded opening 23 which is formed adjacent the outer end of the enlarged passage 18.
The cap 21 may be secured in different positions with respect to the body 16 by operation of a lock nut indicated at 24.
The inner end portion of the cap 21 beyond the threaded portion 22 is formed to fit the interior surface of the enlarged opening 18 and a gasket 26 disposed in an annular opening formed in the interior of the body 16 is provided for the purpose of preventing any leakage of fluid between the exterior surface of the cap 21 and the interiorsurface of the body 16. The outer extremity of the cap 21 has an inwardly projecting annular flange 27 surrounding an opening therein and through which is adapted to project the forward end of a discharge orifice head indicated generally at28. The head 28 hasan outwardly projecting flange 29 adapted to rest upon and to a part of an internal combustion turbine in which the spray nozzle is operably mounted.
abut the flange 27 for supporting the head 28. The opposite edge of the flange 29 is engaged by the reduced end 31 of an elongated sleeve 32 adapted to be received and secured Within an internally threaded portion 33 of the cap 21. The opening 34 within the sleeve 32 is adapted to provide a continuation of the passage 17 within the body 18. Beyond the threaded portions 33 the sleeve 32 and the cap 21 are relieved as indicated at 36 and 37 to provide an annular space indicated at 38, and beyond the inner extremity of the cap 21 the space 38 communicates with the enlarged opening 18. p
The sleeve 32 projects beyond the opening 18 where it is slidably disposed within the surface of the opening provided by the passage 17. A gasket 39 disposed in an annular opening formed in the exterior surface of the sleeve 32 is adapted to prevent any leakage between the iner end of the sleeve 32 and the surface of the body 16 forming the passage 17. The opening 34 forming the interior of the sleeve 32 has a reduced part 41 adjacent the inner end of the sleeve and through which the opening 34 communicates with the passage 17. The inner end of the sleeve 32 has a concentrically disposed annular groove 42 formed about the opening 41 which is adapted to provide a seat for one end of a coil spring indicated at 43. The opposite end of the spring 43 receives and supports the pilot end of the head 44 of a pop-ofi valve 46 which is adapted to control the flow of fluid through passage 17 and towards the discharge end 14 of the nozzle 13. It will be apparent thatthe position of the sleeve 32 within the passage 17 will determine the compression of the spring 43 and the resistance to movement of valve head 44 off its seat.
It will also be apparent that the position of the sleeve 32 with respect to the passage 17 and to the body 16 may be varied by turning the cap 19 upon the threads 22 and relative to the body 16. The sleeve 32 may be secured in any desired position relative to the body 16 by with respect to the passage 17 and communicates with the latter through an opening 53 formed in the seat 48. Beyond the opening 52 there is provided a cap 54 having a threaded end 56 projecting within and secured against the internally threaded end of the body 16. The cap 54 is provided with an opening 57 which provides comimunicationthrough the cap 54 and between the interior of a strainer 58 and the openings 52, 53, and 49 which form a continuation of the passage 17 through the fuel supply end'12 of the body 16. The strainer 58 is secured by a ring 59 in an annular recess formed in the cap 54 adjacent the outer end surface thereof. The outer end of the strainer 58 is closed by a flanged disc 61 in which the strainer is secured by an annular ring 62. The
strainer 58 is secured in extended position relative. to
the end of the cap 54 by a coil spring 63 which is supported at the opposite ends thereof on the annular rings 59 and 62. The strainer 58 and that part of the end 1 of the body 16'which is shown to extend beyond the part is adapted to be closed by a cover, not shown, but'which forms a continuation of the part 10. Fuel is supplied to the interior of the cover at pressures which can be varied by the operator of the turbine or other device with which the spray nozzle is employed.
The fuel so supplied passes through the strainer 58 and the various openings heretofore described as forming a continuation of the passage 17. When the pressure of the liquid so supplied reaches a predetermined value it is apparent that the pop-oil valve 46 will be moved ofi its seat and against the compression of the -spring 43 thereby opening the passage 17 throughout the entire length thereof.
In order to provide a by-pass around the pop-off valve 46 there is provided in the body 16 between oppositely disposed parts of the openings 52 and 18, a secondary or by-pass passage which is indicated by the numeral 64. Beyond the annular passage 38 there is also profvided a second by-pass passage 66 which communicates at its opposite end with an annular passage 67 which surrounds the annular flange 29 projecting outwardly from the orifice head 28. The annular passage 67 communicates'with a low flow nozzle discharge chamber 68 through a plurality of openings 69 which are tangently disposed at the inner extremities thereof with respect to the cylindrical surface forming the peripheral wall of the low pressure discharge chamber 68. The outer tapered end of the discharge chamber 68 is adapted to discharge liquid supplied by the openings 69 through a discharge orifice 71 which is formed about the axis of .the orifice head 28. chamber 68 is a second or high flow discharge chamber Inwardly beyond the discharge 72, the two being separated by an annular partition ring 73 which is secured between the chambers and within the orifice head 28.. The high flow discharge chamber V 4 72 communicates with the low flow discharge chamber 68 and the orifice 71 through an opening 74 formed in the ring 73. The opposite end of the discharge chamber 72 is closed by a disc 76 which is secured at its edges to the inner extremity of the orifice head 28. Inwardly beyond the flange 29 the orifice head 28 is surrounded by an annular passage 77 which in turn communicates with the openings 34 and 41 forming a continuation of the passage 17. The annular passage 77 also communicates with the high flow discharge chamber 72 through a plurality of openings 78, the inner extremities of which are arranged in tangential relation to the cylindrical surface forming the outer limit of the high pressure discharge chamber 72.
It will be apparent that when fluid at any pressure is supplied to the nozzle, such fluid will flow into the opening 57 forming a continuation of the passage 17 and then will by-pass the passage 17 through openings indicated at 52, 64, 18, 38, 66, 67, and 69. The fluid discharged from the openings 69 will flow into the discharge chamber 68 in tangential relation thereto and will be whirled around within the chamber until a spray is formed by liquid escaping beyond the orifice 71. This spray may be what is called a wide angle spray suitable for ignition of the apparatus with which the nozzle is employed and for other operations thereof at low speed or power.
When the liquid supplied to the inlet end of the passage 17 is increased in pressure to such an extent that the total pressure afi'ecting the valve 46 will cause further compression of the spring 43, then the valve 46 will be forced off its seat and this will result in a flow of liquid not only through the by-pass passages previously referred to, but throughout the entire length of the passage 17. In such event, liquid will be discharged from the annular chamber 77 into the high flow discharge chamber 72 through the opening 78. Since the openings 78 are tangentially related to the high flow discharge chamber 72, there will be a whirling of the liquid in the discharge chamber 72 and from which chamber the liquid will overflow the annular ring 73 through the opening 74 and thereafter will be expelled through the discharge orifice 71 in the form of a narrow elongated spray suitable for operating the turbine or other device with which the nozzle is employed at maximum power or speed. The discharge chamber 68 also will be supplied with a relatively smaller amount of liquid through the openings 69 and this liquid will merge with the liquid so discharged from the discharge chamber 72 and at the orifice 71.
It will be apparent that the pressure at which liquid will discharge through the orifice 71 from the two discharge chambers indicated at 68 and 77 will be determined by the closing force exerted on the valve 44 by the spring 43.
It will be further apparent that this force can be varied by moving the sleeve 32 within the passage 17 and that this movement may be brought about by turning cap 21 relative to the body 16. It will be noted that the cap may be turned with respect to the body 16 merely by releasing the lock nut 24 and then tightening the locknut when the cap is moved to the extent which may be desired for the adjustment of spring 43.
Also, it will be noted that this adjustment may be made without removing the cap 21 or without removing or changing the adjustment of any of the parts within the cap that provide for the discharge of the spray from the discharge orifice 71.
' Further, it will be noted that this adjustment may be made without removing any of the operative parts located at the liquid supply end of the nozzle and without removing the nozzle from the part 10 by which the nozzle is secured within the apparatus with which it is employed.
Referring now to Figure 3, there is disclosed a structure in'which the discharge nozzle is ofiset relative to the main body of the device so as to discharge either a wide angle or an elongated spray at an angle differing from the angle at which the main body of the nozzle is positioned in the apparatus with which it is employed.
The nozzle disclosed by Figure 3 comprises a nozzle body 101 adapted to be secured by a flange 102 to the apparatus with which the nozzle is to be employed. The body of the nozzle is divided into a fuel supply end indicated at 103 and a fuel discharge end indicated at 104. The body 101 comprises an elongated passage 106 extending throughout the length thereof, the passage 106 being closed at the opposite ends thereof by caps 107 and 108.
The cap 108 has an orifice head 109 secured therein by a hollow elongated sleeve 111 which in turn is secured in the interior of the cap by threads indicated at 112. A gasket 119 located in an annular groove formed in the outer surface of the sleeve 111 prevents leakage between the outer surface of the sleeve and the surface of an opening 121 into which the sleeve 111 projects. The opening 121 provides an angularly disposed continuation of the passage 106. The sleeve 111 has an opening 113 providing a continuation therein of the passage 106 and leading to an opening 114 formed in the forward end of the sleeve and surrounding the adjacent end of the orifice head 109. The orifice head 109 has a discharge chamber 123 formed therein which communicates with opening 114 through tangently disposed openings indicated at 115. The orifice head 109 has a flange 116 projecting outwardly therefrom, the head 109 being secured in the end of the cap 108 by clamping the flange r 116 between the outer end of the sleeve 111 and an inwardly projecting flange 117 forming a part of the end of the cap 103.
The discharge orifice assembly comprising the various associated elements of the cap 108 is removably secured within threads 118 formed in an opening projecting into the end of the body 101 at an angle relative to the linear extent of the body 101. Formed in the inner surface of the cap 108 immediately outside of the flange 116 of the head 109 is an annular opening 122 which communicates with discharge chamber 123 formed in the interior of the head 108 through tangently disposed openings indicated at 126. The chamber 123 communicates with the exterior of the nozzle through an orifice indicated at 124.
The annular opening 122 also communicates through passages 127 with an annular opening 128 formed around the inside surface of and at the inner extremity of the cap 108. The annular space 128 in turn communicates with a by-pass passage 129 which is formed in the body 101 in parallel relation to a part of the passage 106.
An intermediate portion of passage 106 is enlarged in such a way as to receive an annular spring seat 131, which is inserted in the body 101 from the fuel supply end 103 thereof. The spring seat 131 has an opening 132 therein which provides a continuation within the body 101 of the passage 106. A coil spring 133 has one end thereof seated in an annular groove formed in the seat 131 around the fuel supply end of the opening 132. The
opposite end of spring 133 receives the pilot end 134 of a spring pressed pop-off valve head 136. A valve seat 'for the head 136 is provided by a hollow reduced end 137 of the cap 107. The reduced end 137 projects within and movably fits an enlarged portion of the passage 106 extending beyond the valve 136. A gasket 138 located in an annular groove formed in the exterior surface of the reduced end 137 reduces to a minimum the leakage of liquid between the reduced end 137 and the adjacent interior surface of the body 101. Beyond the reduced end 137 the cap 107 projects outwardly to provide an enlarged cylindrical portion 139 adapted to fit an enlarged cylindrical surface 141 which is formed within the liquid receiving end of the end 103 of the body 101; An annular space 142 is provided between the enlarged and the reduced ends 139 and 137 of the cap 107 and the adjacent interior surface of the body 101, The annular space 142 communicates with the by-pass 129, and through radial openings 143, with opening. 144 formed in the reduced end 137 of the cap 107. The opening 144 communicates with and forms a continuation of the passage 106, the flow of fluid through such passage being determined, however,.by the position of the valve head 136 with respect to its seat upon the'reduced end member 137.
Seated in an opening around the fluid supply end of the opening 144 is a flanged annular member 146 in which one end of a strainer 147 is secured by an annular ring 148. The opposite end of the strainer 147 is closed by a beaded cap 149, the strainer 147 being resiliently held in extended position by an internally disposed coil spring 151. The opposite ends of the spring 151 are supported by the annular ring 148 and the cap 149.
The strainer unit so described is held in position within the interior of the cap 107 by'a sleeve 152 which forms an extension of a coupling member 153 by which the liquid supply line, not shown, is connected to the nozzle. The inner end of the sleeve 152 abuts the outer edge of the flanged ring 146 to which the screen 147 is secured. The coupling 153 including the sleeve 152 is held in position within the cap 107 by means of threads indicated at 154. The liquid fuel for operating the nozzle is supplied by an opening 156 within the coupling 153 which communicates with an opening'157 forming the interior of the sleeve 152 and surrounding screen 147.
The liquid supplied through the opening 156 is supplied at variable pressures which are determined by mechanism under the control of the operator of the device or turbine with which the nozzle is employed. The fuel so supplied to the opening 157 passes through the strainer 147, into the opening 144 where the flow of such liquid through the passage 106 is prevented by the pop-off valve member 136 until the total pressure of the fluid upon the exposed surface of the member exceeds the force exerted thereon by the spring 133.
The cap 107 is secured in an opening formed in the end of the body 101 by threads 160 which are formed on the adjacent portions of the cap and body. The position of the cap 107 within the body 101 may be varied by rotating the cap 107 relative to the body 101 and upon the threads 160. The cap 107 maybe secured in any desired position relative to the body 101 by operation of a lock nut 158 which is positioned upon the threaded external surface of the cap 107 and which is adapted to be locked against the end surface of the body 101.
It will be apparent that when low pressure fuel is supplied to the nozzle, the fuel will flow through the strainer 147, the opening 144, the radial openings 143, the annular passage 142, the by-pass passage 129, the annular passage 128, the passages 127, the annular passage 122, and into the discharge chamber .123 through tangential openings 126. Thereafter the liquid will be discharged from the orifice 124 in a relatively short wide-angle spray.
When the pressure of the fluid supplied to the nozzle is sufliciently increased, the fluid in opening i l-twill force the valve head 136 from its seat and thereafter the liquid will flow through the nozzle throughout the entire length of the passage 106. Under such circumstances fluid will be delivered to the nozzle discharge chamber 123 from both sets of tangential passages indicated at and 126.
When fluid is so supplied through all tangential passages indicated at 115 and 126, the spray discharged from the orifice 124 will be a narrow elongated spray as has been previously described.
It will be apparent that the pressure at which'the popoff valve 136 may be made to move all its seat for supplying fluid to the discharge orifice 124 through the passage 106 and the by-pass passage 129 will be determined by the position of the cap '107 relative to the body 101'.
Such relative positions of the cap and body may be de- ,termined by rotating the .cap
107 relative to the body 101 when the lock out 158 is loosened relative to the body 101. The cap 107 may be secured in any of such variable positions by tightening the lock nut 158 against the body .101.
Referring now to Fig. 4, it will be apparent that the structure therein disclosed has a nozzle body 201 which may be entirely offset relative to the member by which the nozzle is secured in the turbine or other apparatus with which the nozzle is employed. For such purposes the body 201 is provided with an offset extension indicated at 202 having a flanged or otherwise formed end, not shown, and by which end the entire nozzle is adapted to be securedin operative position within the apparatus.
The offset end 202 is provided with a fuel supply opening or passage 203 for supplying fuel for operating the nozzle to an annular passage 204'formed within the interior of the body 201. The annular passage 204 communicates with a main fuel supply passage 206 extending throughout the entire length of the body 201. Such communication is provided through oppositely disposed openings which are indicated at 207 and which are formed radially within a sleeve portion 211 of a cap 209 for closing the fuel supply end of the spray nozzle. The sleeve portion 211 of the cap 209 is slidably disposed in an enlarged portion 208 of the passage 206. A gasket 210 disposed in an opening in the body 201 prevents leakage of fluid between the body and the sleeve 211. Opening 212 in the interior of sleeve 211 and opening 213 in a reduced end 214 of the sleeve 211 provide a continuation of the opening 206. The reduced end 214 of the sleeve 211 has a gasket 215 inserted in a groove formed in the exterior surface thereof for preventing leakage of fluid between the reduced end 214 and the surface of opening 206 in which the reduced end 214 is slidably disposed. The end of the cap 209 is closed by a screw 216 which is threaded into the interior thereof as is indicated at 217. An opening 218 in the interior of the screw 216 is adapted to receive a flanged ring 219 in which one end of a cylindrical strainer 221 is secured. The opposite end of the strainer 221 is secured in a similar flanged ring 222 which is likewise secured in an opening formed between the sleeve 211 and the reduced end 214 of the cap 209.
It will be apparent that fuel from the fuel supply passage 203 will flow into and through the annular opening 204, through radial openings 207, through the screen 1221, and into the opening 213. Between the end of the sleeve 211 and the reduced end 214 of the cap 209, there is a space 223 which provides an annular fluid supply passage which communicates with the opening 213 through radial openings 224 which are formed in the reduced end 214. The annular passage 223 communicates with a similar annular passage 226, the latter being formed between discharge cap 227 and the discharge end of the body 201. Such communication is provided through elongated passages formed in the body 201, these passages providing a by-pass passage indicated at 228. The body 201 has a sleeve portion 229 extending within and projecting beyond the annular passage 226 and against the end of which a flange 231 projecting outwardly from orifice head 232 is adapted to abut. Flange 231 is secured between the end of sleeve 229 and an inwardly projecting flange 233 formed at the end of the discharge cap 227 and surrounding the orifice head 232. The discharge cap 227 is secured in position upon the body 201 by threads indicated at 234, there being a gasket 236 beyond the threads 234 which is adapted to be compressed between internally and externally disposed shoulders formed on the cap and body respectively.
Projecting inwardly adjacent the discharge end of the sleeve 229 is an annular supporting flange 238 against one surface of .which a coil spring 239 is adapted to be supported. The opposite end of the spring 239 surrounds the pilot end 241 of a pop-off valve head 242 charge end of the reduced extension 214; Beyond the flange 238 the passage 206 is adapted to communicate with an annular supply passage 245. surrounding a reduced portion of the discharge head 232 and through which the passage 206 communicates with a discharge chamber 244 formed within the head 232. Such communication is provided through tangential openings 246 formed through the reduced portion of the head 232. Communication between the discharge chamber 244 and the supply chamber 243 is otherwise closed by a disc 247 which is secured rigidly in the reduced end of the head 232 and between the two chambers referred to.
The annular space 226 surrounding the sleeve end 229 of the body 201 also is adapted to communicate with the discharge chamber 244 through tangential openings indicated at 2 .8. The discharge chamber 244 communicates with the exterior of the nozzle through an orifice 249 formed in the front end' of the orifice head 232.
It will be apparent that a short wide-angled spray of fluid particles may be discharged from the orifice 249 by supplying liquid fuel at relatively low pressure through the passages 248 which communicate with the orifice discharge chamber 244. Fuel may be so supplied through the passages 248 under all conditions of operations of the nozzle by fuel supplied to the nozzle through fuel supply passage 203. Beyond the passage 203, the fuel will be supplied through annular passage 204, through radial openings 207, through the opening 212 in the sleeve 111, through the opening 213 in the reduced end 214, through radial passages 224 in the reduced end 214, through the annular passage 208, through the by-pass passages 228, and thence into the openings 248 through the annular passage 226.
Also, additional fuel may be supplied to the orifice discharge chamber 244 by supplying additional fuel through tangential passages 246. Such additional fuel may be supplied when the value of the pressure of the fuel supplied to the nozzle increases to such an extent that the pop-off valve member 242 will be moved from its seat 243. Under such conditions, the flow of fluid from the fuel supply passage 203 will proceed through annular passage 204, through radial passages 207, through the opening 213, through the remaining part of the passage 206, into the supply passage 245, and thence to the discharge chamber 244 through tangential passages 246. Under such circumstances, fuel will be discharged into the discharge chamber 244 through the two sets of tangential passages indicated at 246 and 248 and from the discharge chamber 244 to the space beyond the orifice head 232 through discharge orifice 249.
A nozzle, under such circumstances, will provide an elongated high volume spray of liquid fuel for operating the turbine or other apparatus with which the nozzle is employed, at high speed and at high power. 9
The pressure at which the pop-off valve head 242 will be forced from its seat for providing such elongated high volume spray will be determined by the adjustment of the cap 209 relative to the body 201. Such adjustment may be effected by loosening the lock nut 200 upon the threads 205 and thereafter turning the cap 209 relative to the body 201. Such turning of the cap 209 will move the reduced end 214 of the cap relative to the flange 238 supporting the opposite end of the compression spring 239 and hence will vary the compression of the spring 239 to any desired extent. The cap 209 may be secured in any desired adjusted position relative to the body 201 by tightening the lock nut 200 against the end of the body 201.
We claim:
1. A liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an elongated passage formed therein, resilient valve means for closing said passage, an orifice beyond said valve means for spraying liquid supplied by said passage, 2. bypass forrned in said body around said valvemeans for directly supplying liquid from said passage to said orifice, a cap for closing one end of said passage and having a sleeve portion projecting into said passage and supporting said valve means, and means extending to the outside of said body for adjusting the position of said cap relative to said body.
2. A liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an orifice therein, said orifice being adapted to communicate with a passage formed within said body and said passage being adapted to supply liquid to said orifice to be sprayed from said body by said orifice, a movable member within said passage, said movable member being adapted to divide said passage into first and second fluid supply ducts leading to said orifice, resilient valve means for closing said second duct against the flow of liquid to said orifice, said valve means being adjustable for opening said second duct in response to difierent pressures within said passage and aifecting said valve means, said difierent pressures being determined by the relative positions of said movable member and said nozzle body, a member adjustably mounted in said body and extending to the exterior thereof for moving said movable member relative to said body and means for securing said movable member and said body in any desired relative position.
3. A liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an elongated passage projecting therethrough, said body being adapted to be closed by caps projecting within said body and closing the opposite ends of said passage, one of said caps having an orifice formed therein for spraying liquid from said body supplied by said passage, a valve within said body for closing said passage against the flow of liquid from said orifice, a by-pass formed in said body and connecting said passage and said orifice around said valve, and means resiliently supporting said valve between said two caps and adjustably affected by the relative position of one of said caps with respect to said body for determining the opening pressure of said valve, the said one of said caps including a portion extending to the exterior of said body.
4. A liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an elongated passage formed therein, a valve including a resiliently seated member in said passage for controlling the flow of liquid in said passage, an orifice associated with said body and communicating with said passage beyond said valve, a cap projecting from the exterior of said body into said body at one end of said passage, means for adjustably securing said cap with respect to said body, said cap having a duct formed therein for providing communication between said passage and said orifice, and a spring disposed between said cap and said valve member for resiliently closing said valve.
5. A liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a fuel supply passage therein, a cap threaded within said body and communicating with said passage and having a fuel discharge orifice therein, resiliently actuated valve means disposed in said passage for controlling the flow of fuel through said passage and the discharge of said fuel from said orifice, said resiliently actuated valve means being supported by said cap for operation at difierent fuel pressures within said passage, means extending to the outside of said body for adjusting the position of said cap relative to said body, and a by-pass conduit defined by said body and connecting said passage to said orifice around said valve means.
6. A liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a fuel supply passage therein, a cap having a sleeve portion removably disposed within said passage, means on the sleeve portion extending from the body for adjusting the position of said sleeve portion relative to said body from externally of said body, a pressure actuated valve within said passage and supported by said sleeve portion for opening said passage in response to different fluid pressures within said passage, said valve being operable in response to said variable pressures according to the position of said sleeve portion relative to said body, a fuel dis- F charge chamber formed-in said cap and communicating with said passage beyond said valve, a by-pass conduit defined by said body and extending around said valve and communicating with said discharge chamber in parallel relation to said passage, and a discharge orifice formed in said cap and communicating with said discharge chamber for projecting different spray patterns of liquidfuel beyond said nozzle. 7
7. A liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a passage therein, a sleeve projecting into said passage, resilient means adjustably supported by said sleeve for closing said passage, a cap projecting from said body and surrounding said sleeve and having said sleeve secured therein, an orifice head secured between said sleeve and said cap, a discharge chamber formed in said head and having an orifice formed in said head for spraying the contents of said discharge chamber beyond said cap, said head having tangentially directed openings formed therein for delivering liquid fuel from said passage to said discharge chamber, a by-pass conduit defined by said body for continuously supplying fuel to said discharge chamber in parallel relation to said passage and around said resilient means, and means accessible from the exterior of said body for adjusting the position of said cap relative to said body.
8. A liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a passage formed therein, a cap closing one end of said passage, said cap having a support portion projecting into said body and slidably engaging the walls of said passage, said cap having a discharge orificeformed thereinandcommunicating with said passage for discharging liquid fuel spray from said nozzle, a valve for closing said passage, resilient means for closing said valve, said resilient means being adjustably disposed relative to said valve by the relative position of said support within said body, a removable valve seat for supporting said valve, said valve seat being projected into said passage from the end thereof opposite said discharge orifice, a cap having a liquid fuel strainer secured therein and secured in said passage at the end thereof opposite said orifice, said body having a bypass passage formed therein around said valve and communicating with said orifice in parallel relation to said passage, and means for adjustably securing said support in different positions within said body, said last mentlzjioned means being accessible from externally of said ody.
9. A liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a discharge orifice formed in one end thereof and a liquid supply passage leading thereto, a cap for closing the opposite end of said passage, said cap being removably secured within said body and being movable in said passage into different positions therein relative to said body, means extending to the exterior of said body for securing said cap in any of said different positions relative to said body, strainer means within said cap, said strainer means being removably secured in said cap by means accessible from the exterior of said body, said strainer being in communication with said passage for cleaning the fluid supplied to said orifice, and a spring pressed valve supported by the inwardly projecting portion of said cap in different positions in said body and relative to said passage.
10. A liquid fuel spray nozzle comprising a body having a passage therein, a cap closing one end of said passage, said cap having a support portion projecting into said body and slidably engaging the walls of said passage, said cap having a discharge orifice formed therein and communicating with said passage for discharging liquid fuel spray from said nozzle, a valve for closing said passage, resilient means for closing said valve, said resilient means being adjustably disposed relative to said valve by the relative position of said support within said body, a removable valve seat for supporting said valve, said valve seat being projected into said passage from the end thereof opposite said discharge orifice, said body having a bypass conduit defined thereby around said valve communicating with said orifice in parallel relation to said means being accessible from externally of said body.
11. A liquid spray nozzle comprising a body having an orifice therein, said orifice being adapted to communicate with "a passage formed within said body and said passage being adapted to supply liquid to said orifice to be sprayed from said body by said orifice, a movable member within said passage, said movable member being adapted to divide said'passage into first and second fluid supply ducts leading to said orifice, resilient valve means for closing said second duct against the flow of liquid to said orifice, said valve means being adjustable for opening said second duct in response to difierent pressures withinsaid passage and afiecting said valve means, said different pressures being determined by the relative posi- "tions of said movable member and said nozzle body,
said movable member including a part adjustably mounted in said body and extending to the exterior thereof for moving said movable member relative to said body, and means for securing said movable member and said body in any desired relative position.
12. A liquid spray nozzle comprising an elongated body "defining a liquid entrance passage into the body, means at one end of the body defining a liquid spray orifice, means defining first and second passages within the body from the liquid entrance passage to the orifice, valve means for closing the second passage against the fiow of liquid to said orifice, the valve means comprising relatively movable engageable parts adapted to cut oil the fiow of liquid when in engagement and resilient means connected to the parts and urging the parts into engagement, a member connected to the resilient means mounted in the body for adjustment longitudinally of the body for varying the setting of the resilient means to adjust the pressure setting of the valve, the adjustably mounted member extending to the exterior of the body at one end thereof and having means thereon exterior to the body for adjustment thereof, and means for securing said movable member to said body in positions of relative adjustment over a predetermined range.
13. A liquid spray nozzle comprising an elongated body defining a liquid entrance passage into the'body, means at one end of the body defining a liquid spray orifice, means defining first and second passages Within the body from the liquid entrance passage to the orifice, valve means for closing the second passage against the'fiow of liquid to said orifice, the valve means comprising relatively movable engageable parts adapted to cut off the fiow of liquid when in engagement and resilient means connected to the parts and urging the parts into engagement, a member connected to the resilientmeans mounted in the' body for adjustment longitudinally of the body for varying the setting of the resilient means to adjust the pressure setting of the valve, the adjustably mounted member dc.- fining at least part of one of the passages and extending to the exterior of the body at oneend thereof and having means thereon exterior to the body for adjustment thereof, and means for securing said movable-member to said body in positions of relative adjustment over a predetermined range.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,862,459 Bauer June 7, 1932 2,098,487 Cooper et al. Nov. 9 1937 2,430,264 Wiegand et al. Nov. 4, 1947 2,572,606 Fisher Oct. 23,.1951' Joyce Mar. 25, 1952
US165488A 1950-06-01 1950-06-01 Adjustable spray nozzle Expired - Lifetime US2751253A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2868382A (en) * 1956-09-21 1959-01-13 United Aircraft Corp Filter device with coarse filter and self-cleaning fine filter
US2921747A (en) * 1958-08-14 1960-01-19 Bosch Arma Corp Nozzle
US2954172A (en) * 1958-09-10 1960-09-27 Gen Motors Corp Liquid spray nozzle
DE1147088B (en) * 1959-08-24 1963-04-11 Gen Electric Fuel injection device for the combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant
US3532271A (en) * 1967-02-23 1970-10-06 Frederick F Polnauer Spray nozzles with spiral flow fluid
CH677815A5 (en) * 1988-12-14 1991-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri Multi-stage liquid-fuel nozzle - has passages discharging tangentially in to upstream and downstream swirl chambers
NL2003423C2 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Anro Spray Solutions SPRAY DRYER.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1862459A (en) * 1928-08-30 1932-06-07 Bosch Robert Injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
US2098487A (en) * 1936-10-12 1937-11-09 Elias Rogers Co Ltd Spray nozzle
US2430264A (en) * 1944-02-23 1947-11-04 Wright Aeronautical Corp Continuous fuel injection
US2572606A (en) * 1947-09-09 1951-10-23 Bendix Aviat Corp Burner nozzle
US2590772A (en) * 1943-06-11 1952-03-25 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Liquid fuel burner and the like

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1862459A (en) * 1928-08-30 1932-06-07 Bosch Robert Injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
US2098487A (en) * 1936-10-12 1937-11-09 Elias Rogers Co Ltd Spray nozzle
US2590772A (en) * 1943-06-11 1952-03-25 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Liquid fuel burner and the like
US2430264A (en) * 1944-02-23 1947-11-04 Wright Aeronautical Corp Continuous fuel injection
US2572606A (en) * 1947-09-09 1951-10-23 Bendix Aviat Corp Burner nozzle

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2868382A (en) * 1956-09-21 1959-01-13 United Aircraft Corp Filter device with coarse filter and self-cleaning fine filter
US2921747A (en) * 1958-08-14 1960-01-19 Bosch Arma Corp Nozzle
US2954172A (en) * 1958-09-10 1960-09-27 Gen Motors Corp Liquid spray nozzle
DE1147088B (en) * 1959-08-24 1963-04-11 Gen Electric Fuel injection device for the combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant
US3532271A (en) * 1967-02-23 1970-10-06 Frederick F Polnauer Spray nozzles with spiral flow fluid
CH677815A5 (en) * 1988-12-14 1991-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri Multi-stage liquid-fuel nozzle - has passages discharging tangentially in to upstream and downstream swirl chambers
NL2003423C2 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Anro Spray Solutions SPRAY DRYER.
WO2011028105A2 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-10 Anro Spray Solutions Spray-drying device
WO2011028105A3 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-06-23 Anro Spray Solutions Spray-drying device

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