US1910673A - Spray gun - Google Patents

Description

May 23, 1933. s. BRAMSEN 1 SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 21, 1930 3 sheets-sheet 1 May 23, 1933. s, BRAMSEN 1,910,673

' SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 21, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 @Ave/707 fdmjef? May 23, 1933.

s. BRAMsEN SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 21, 1.930

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 23, 19,33

UNITED STATE-s PATENT' OFFICE SVEND` BRAMSEN, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 BINKSMANUFAULUBING GAO.,

0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F SPRAY GUN Application led November 21,4 1930. Serial N0. 497,130. I

My invention relates to the class of liquid spraying appliances in which the liquid is initially projected in thel I drical stream surrounded by a tubular sheath of compressed lair, and in which the resulting spray of atomized liquid may be deformed to varying extents by the impinging of opposed jets of compressed air against this air-sheathed liquid stream after thls. liq- -uid stream has issued from the appliance.

For convenient use, such appliances are usually of the hand-held type known as spray 'form of a cylinguns, with which type objections have been encountered owing to the bulk and'weight added by the means for Icontrolling the extent of the flattening or other deforming of the shape of the spray, the diliiculties in manufacturing such spray guns, and the'diiculties encountered in disassembling and cleaningjthem. Generally speaking, my invention, aims to overcome all of theseditlicul ties by providing a spray appliance of `this class aliording the following advantages over the forms heretofore employed: b (i 1) Unusual lightness of the appliance A body construction which willrequire very little coring for the casting, and

i which will readily permit almost all passage portions to be drilled out for snioothingtheir bores.

(3) A supplemental air control arrangement independent of the rotational position of the portion of the appliance through which-the supplemental air issues; thereby permitting the user to-vary thev plane along which the spray is lattened, without altering the adjustment i.of the supplemental air.

(l) A 'supplemental air control arrangement which will require only a single 'pas-- sage extending for substantiallythe entire length of thebody of thel appliance.

(5) A construction which will insure anv adequate separation of the air supply for the tubular' sheath from the supplemental air supply for the lateral or spray-flattening jets, without requiring an undesirably high accuracy in the machining of the head portions of the appliance.

(6) Avccnstruction permitting a complete [and from the Fig. 5A is a manual disassembling of the head of the ,appliance when a retaining ring'is unscrewed.

(7) A construction in which-the manual control of the supplemental air can' readily be effected by merely-turning a lmob which may be placed either at the rear end 'of the lappliance or near the forward'end of vthe body of the appliance.

(8) A construction in whichA thezair supply for the tubular sheath is electively equalizedcircumferentially of that sheath before this air reaches its discharge outlet.

(9) A construction in which a baille disposed in an air distributing chamber effects a circumferential equalizingof the air pressure within that chamber, so that air will be supplied at equal pressures'to the ports from which the spray-flattening air jets issue.

(10) A distributing chamber and baille arrangement for this purpose, in iwhich the bale is integral with a partition wall s acing this air distributing chamber from t e air supply for the tubular sheath. 'i y (11) A distributing chamber, baille and partition wall arrangement for-this purpose in which the combined baille ahd partition wall member is yieldingly pressed a ainst the body 'of the appliance, to allow or ir- 'regularities in the manufacture of various portions of the head 'of the appliance.

Still further and also more detailed'objects will appeary from the following speciiication accompanying drawings, in'

which j I Y Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a spray gun embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged central, vertical and longitudinal section through thesame spray gun, with the lower portions of thertrigger aridof the handle assembly broken away.

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are transverse vertical s'ections taken respectively along the correspondingly numbered lines-in Fig.- 2. Y

` central vertical and lon tu f dinal section through the forward end o the `body alone, drawn onthe'same scale as Fig.l 2 and taken along thedine 5A-5A of Fi 4. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of thejcombxned baffle and partition wall member.Y

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the spring which les pressesl the said combined member rearwardly.

Fig. 8 1s an enlargement of the forward 4portion of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation of another spray gun lembodyingbmy invention, namely one in which the knob for controlling the supply of air to the spray-flattening jets is disposed adjacent to the head of the body of the appliance.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan View of the forward portion of the spray gun of Fig. 9, partially sectionel along the line 10 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a central, longitudinal and vertical section through the forward portion of the spray gun of Fig. 9, drawn on the same scale as Fig. 10.

' lFig. 12 is a diagram showing transverse sections of the spray 4obtained respectively with the supplemental air port closed, and `with the supplemental air valve in two dierent positions.

In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 8 inclulsive, the body of my spray gun is a casting which includes a' barrel 1, a tail portion 2 depending from the rear end of the body, and a forward body enlargement which includes a tubular depending stem 3 for attaching the usual liquid supply hose and which also is bored out to afford an air 'storage chamber 4. This chamber (which can be bored out from the front end of the body) is spaced from the said forward body end by a partition 5 having a central opening 6 concentric with an external thread 7 on the forward end of the body.

The partition 5 also has an auxiliary air port 8 alining axially (and at right angles to the plane of this partition) with a main air passage 9 in the barrel 1 of the body, this passage being formed by a bore which extends to the rear end of th-e bar rel so that it can easily be bored out. Leading to this main air passage 9 is an upright passage 10 (Fig. 2) which can be bored out upwardly through the lower edge of the body, the lower end of the resultingvupright bore being afteryards closed by a plug 11.` y

This upright passage 10 intercepts two superposed longitudinal bores 12 and 13 in the tail 2 of the body, the lower bore being connected bya port 14 to the upper end of an air supply tube 15 which extends within a handle 16 and leads in the usual manner to a nipple 17 to which an air hose is connected when the spray gun is in use.

Mounted in the lowestbore 13 is a hollow air valve body through which air can pass from the air supply tube 15 to the riser'bore 10 into the main air passage 9. This air valve body 18 has a perforated partition affording a valve seat 19 for engaging-the head of a valve 20 which is continuouslv urged forward by a spring 21 and which can be moved rearwardly by a trigger-shaped lever 22 pivoted retoma on a screw 24 extending through the barrel 1 above the bore of this barrel.

Soldered in the intermediate bore 12 is a ruide sleeve 25 which has a peripheral groove 25A opposite the riser bore 10 so that air will flow upward around it, the rear end of the guide sleeve being closed by va screw plug 26 which has a bore 27 extending rearwardly into it.' Slidably disposed in the forward portion of the bore 28'of this guide sleeve 25 is a collar 29 soldered. to a needle valve 30 which extends slidably into the bore 27 of the screw plug 26, and which collar 29 1s d isposed so that it will be engaged by the trigger-shaped lever 28 during the rearward movement of the latter after the lever has partially opened the valve 20.

A compression spring 31 disposed w1th1n the guide sleeve 25 between the collar 29 and the screw plug 26 continually urges that collar (together with the needle valve 30 fastened to the collar) forwardly; and the rearward movement ofthe needle valve by the trigger lever is limited by the extent to which the screw plug 26 is screwed into the guide sleeve, since the extent of this screwing varies the position of the rear end of the bore 27 of the screw plug, which rear bore end is engaged by' the rear end of the needle valve when the latter is sufficiently retracted.

The head portion of the body has a liquid passage 32 extending forwardly from the bore of the liquid inlet stem 3 and in axial alinement with both the exterior thread 7 and the central partition aperture 6. 'ilightly socketed in the forward end portion of this liquid passage 32 is a tubular liquid nozzle 33 which has the forward portion of its bore contracted in diameter to afford a liquid discharge outlet 34 which is closed by the taperin'g forward end portion 30A of the liquiddischarge controlling needle valve 30 when the trigger lever 22 is in its forward inoperative position of Fig. 2.

The intermediate portion 33A of the liquid nozzle which extends through the partition aperture 6 is of smaller diameter than that aperture, thereby affording an annular port 35 through which air will pass forwardly from the air storage chamber 4 around the liquid nozzle into longitudinal grooves 36 (Fig. 3) forming enlargements of the forwardly tapered bore 37 of an air nozzle 38 which is socketed on the correspondingly for-V tip desirably is of quite small radial thickness) for affording an annular central air discharge outlet 42. (Fig. 8.)

The air nozzle 38 also has two longitudinal bores 43 extending 'forwardly into it, these two bores having their axes in a common Vto plane through the axis of the air l nozzle. Each of these bores 43 leads to a lateral air discharge p'ort 44 through which one of the spray-liattening air jets lssues, and these two supplemental air ports-44 have their axes 47 converging (as in Fig. 8) at a common point 6l on the axis 60 of the air nozzle.

The bore 37 of the air nozzle has itsy rear end portion cylindrical and this rear end portion 45 slidably houses the forward portion of a tubular partition 46 (Fig. 6) which abuts at its rear end against the forward face of the body of the spray gun. The air nozzle 38 also has at its rear end a eripheral flange 47 overhung by an inwar y turned flange 48 at the forward end of a retaining ring 49, which ring is screwedupon the peripheral thread 7 on .the head of thebody so as'to draw the air nozzle rearwardly to seat that nozzle lirmly on the liquid nozzle;

interposed between the forward end of the tubular partition46 Vand the airnozzle 38 is a spring 50, desirably in the form of a` spring washer having radial corrugations as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, which spring presses the tubular partition 46 rearwardly so as to seat the rear end of that partition on the fonward face of the body. This tubular partition is smaller inexternal radius than the distance between the partition port 8 and the axis 5l of the frontal aperture 6 in the body, so that the tubular partition is effectively a rearward extension ofthe air nozzle and is disposed between air issuing from the storage chamber 4 through the central aperture 6 and air issuing from the same chamber through the auxiliary air port 8. Y

To control this auxiliary port 8, my spray gun is provided -with a supplemental aircontrolhng needle valve. 52 whichYA extends within the main air passage 9 and which is of considerably smaller diameter than that passage. This valve 52 is'screwed through a sleeve 53 mounted in the rear endv of the main r air passage 9, and extends rearwardly both through a packing 54 disposed around the needle valve between the rear end of the sleeve and through a cap 55 to prevent leakage of air. VThe needle valve also has a knob 56 fastened to its rear end behind'the. cap 55, which knob can be turned so as'to move the needle valve rearwardly to any desired extent, thereby moving the forward; end of this valve out of the closure position of Fig.

' A2 in which the tapering forward end fof this valve closes theport 8 as for example-to the full open position of 1l`i'g. 8.

When my spray gun is in use, a rearwa-r movement of the' trigger-shaped lever 22 (or movement toward the right `in Figs. ,l and 2) immediately presses the air valve stem 20 rearwardly to open this valve, thereb admittin air from 'the air supply tu '.14' throug the port 10 and the annular space 25A, tothe main-airpassage 9 Vin the gun body. With the auxiliary port 8 (Fig-5A or 12) closed b the auxiliary air .control valve 52 as in ig. 2, air iowmg from the main air passage 1nto the air storage cham-l ber 4 is only emitted around the liquid nozzle 33 and through the annular air outlet around the tip 34 of this nozzle, thereby discharging air in the form of a tubular sheath S' (Fig. 8) having an internal diameter only slightly larger than the discharge bore 'B of the liquid nozzle.

Then when the trigger lever 22 has been moved sufliciently to engage the forward end of the sleeve 29 soldered to the liquid control valve 30, this latter valve begins to move rearward also, thereby discharging the liquid material supplied through the liquid inlet 3 and the bore 39 of the liquid nozzle in the form of a solid stream L (Fig. 8). y

With both tle liquid vand the air supplied under pressure, the liquid stream tends to expand gradually in diameter,-and the tubular air sheath likewise expands in radial thickness bothA inwardly. and outwardly.'

' rearward tubular portion 46R, thereby supplying air to both of the supplemental air passages 43 and throughA the latter to the supplemental airports 4.4.

Since these supplemental air ports. have their axes in a common plane diametric of vthe common axis 60 of the liquid and air nozzles and intersecting at the common point 6l on the axis 60. of the liquid nozzle, the supplemental airjets issuing from the ports 44 impact against opposite sides of the tubular air sheath S at or adjacent to the point (at some distance forward f the liquid discharge outlet B) at which the liquid ystream L be- 'gins to impact against the tubular air sheath.

unusual uniformity 1n 'a finely divided or` misty form.

In practice, I preferably form both the outlet bore Bof the liquid nozzle, the outer surface of the liquidnozzle tip 34 and the central bore 41 in the head of the air nozzle so 'that `all of these taper forwardly. When these liquid nozzle and airnozzle parts are. thus formed, the tubular air sheath S issues' ini I tially in a forwardly tapering form, thereby deterring its expansion, so that no appreciable atomization of the liquid occurs before the supplemental air jets impact of the airsheathed liquid stream.

The extent of the flattening of the resulting spray depends on the extent to which the auxiliary air port 8 is opened, so that the cross-section of the spray can readily be varied. For example, if this cross-section at a considerable distance forward of my spray appliance is a circle 64 as in Fig. 12 when the air port 8 is closed, it will be an ellipse when the auxiliary air port 8 is open, the ratio between the longer and shorter axes of this ellipse depending on the diameters of the supplemental air ports 44. That is to say, by disposing the tip of the auxiliary air valve 52 at different positions intermediate of its closure position of Fig. 2 and its full open position of Fig. 8, corresponding variations in the degree of the spray flattening and in the spray sections can readily be obtained, such as the sections 62 and 63 in Fig. 12.

W'hen the retaining ring 49 is unscrewed l from the body of the appliance, the air nozzle 38, the baille member 46 and the interposed spring can all ,be slid olf the liquid nozzle, thereby affording convenient access to all of these parts and to the auxiliary air port 8. Consequcntly,'the head portions of my appliance are easily cleaned, and if the spray is to be flattened to a greater extent than that permitted by the proportionate diameter ofthe supplemental air ports 44 in relation to thel area of the annular air port through which the tubular air sheath is discharged, this can readily be done by substituting an air nozzle having supplemental air ports of smaller diameter.

Since the forward portion of thebaille member 46 is vslidalole in the rearward end portion of the air nozzle, the entire tubular part of Ithis baille member effectively forms a rearward extension of the airnozzle, the slidability and the interposed spring 50 being provided merely in' order that the rear end of the baille member may seal tightly against the forward end of the head of the gun body, even if the threaded attachment of the retaining ring to this body should be slightly tilted. v

In other words, this separate forming of the combined partitioningand baille member and the use of a spring for urging it rearwardly serves the purpose of compensating for possible inaccuracies in the manufacture of various head parts, while permitting a proper seating of theo'nical bore portions.

of the air nozzle on the liquid nozzle so as to secure an accurate concentric disposition of the two walls of the annular air port through which the tubular air sheath issues. Thus,

I lthe combined partitioning and baille member together with the air nozzle constitute an air 'vary the er than that of the auxiliary air port 8, so

that the air admitted to this port expands within the air distribution chamber, and the narrow space between the periphery of the baffle member and the bore of the retaining ring 49 deters the air from rushing past the baille vmember to the nearest supplemental air duct 43 in the air nozzle even when this duct substantially alines with the supplemental air port 8 as in Fig. 12. Consequently, ll can secure a discharge of the supplemental air jets from the two ports 44 at equal pressures, regardless of the rotational position of the air nozzle with respect to the body of the appliance, it being evident that this nozzle may be turned to different positions before the retaining ring is tightened, so as to plane along which the spray is flattened.

However, while ll have heretofore described my invention in an embodiment in which the supplemental air valve 52 extends 'through ,limited to'this or other details of the construction and arrangement, thus disclosed, since many changes might be made without departing either from the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims.

For example, Figs. 9 to 11 show forward portions of another embodiment in which the auxiliary air port 64 does not aline with the main air passage 9 but alines axially with a supplemental air valve 65 which has its head 65A disposed at one side'of the neck of the body 66 and forward of the trigger lever 22. The supplemental air valve 65 does not extend within the main air passage 9 and its Alength can be a. small fraction of the length of either the main air passage or the liquidcontrolling valve 30. With this embodiment, the portion of the body 70 through which the supplemental .air valve is threaded is desirably formed by a lateral extension 71 of the forward part of the body, so that the knob 65A on the said valve will be at one side of the body. However, the rotational position of the axis of this supplemental valve with respect tov that of the main air supply passage is immaterial, since the baille 46B in the air-distributing chamber D will cause the air (admitted to that chamber through theport 64) to liow around the tubular partition portion 4e behind the said baai@ inv addition to passing between the edge of the' balile and the bore of the retaining ring 49.

In each of the illustrated embodiments, the knobs for manipulating the auxiliary air valve is behind the spray head, so as to be shielded from the reflected spray. However, I do not wish to be limited to the use of'my invention in connection with a. hand-held appliance of the spray gun type.

I claim as my invention:

1. ln a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storage chamber and having two spaced air portsvopening forwardly from the said chamber; a spray-head member attached at its rear end to the forward end of the body member and provided with two spaced air discharge passages; the

two members being formed for affording a peripherally closed air space forwardly of the body member and behind the inlet of one of the air discharge passages; and partitioning means extending between the said members for partitioning the said air space into two concentric compartments into which the said two ports respectively open and to which the air discharge passages respectively are continuously connected.

2. ln a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storage chamber and having two spaced air ports opening forwardp ly from the )'said) chamber; a spray-head member attached at its rear end to the forward end of the body member and provided with two spaced air discharge passages; the two members being formed for aiording a peripherally closed air space forwardly of the body member and behind the inlet of one of the air discharge passages; partitioning means'extending betweenthe said members vfor partitioning the said air space into two compartments into which the said two ports respectively open and to which the air discharge passages respectively are continuousconnected, and lmeans for controlling the ow of air through one of the said ports without aii'ecting the iow ofl airthrough the other port.

3. Ina spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storage chamber and having two spacedair ports opening forwardly from the said chamber; a spray-head member attached at its rear end to the .for-

ward end of the body member and provided' with two spaced air discharge passages; the two members' being formed for affording a peripherallyclosed` air space forwardly of the body member and behind the inlet of one of the air discharge passages; partitioning means extending betwn the said members for partitioning the said air -spacev into two concentric compartments into which the saidl two orts respectively open'and to which the air ischarge passages respectively are continuously connected; means-for controlling the supply .of air to the saidair-storage chamber, and separate means for controlling one of the said ports.

4. In a spray appliance, an assemblage of parts as per claim 3, including baille means disposed within the' compartment to which the said separately controlled port opens, for restricting the direct iow of air from the last named port to the air discharge l'passage leadingl from the same compartment.

5. vIn a spray appliance, an assemblage of parts as per claim 3, including baiiie means disposed within the compartment to which the said separately controlled port opens,

for restricting the direct iiow of air from l the last named port to the air discharge passage leading from the same compartment, the

bae means being fast upon the partitioning means.,

'l 6. In a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storagey chamber and having two spaced air ports opening forwardlyvfrom the said chamber; a spray-head memcontrolling the flow of air to the said passage,V and-a valve member extending freely through the said passage and controlling one of the said ports. c

' 7. A spray appliance as per claim 6, in which .the valve vmember extends rearwardly through the body and includes a digitally movable head disposed behind a portion of the body. 8. In a sprayappliance, a body member having an interior air storage chamber-and havingtwo spaced air ports openingforwardly from the said chamber; a spray-head .mem-z. ber attached at'its'rear end to the forward end eal vmember having an a'ir supply passage leading to the air storage chamber; means for of the body member and provided with two' A spaced air discharge passages; the two members being formed. for affording a peri herally-closed air space forwardly of the ody member and behind the inlet 'of one of the air discharge passages; tubular ,vf/partitie means extending from one to the other of the said members for 'partitioning the said air space into two concentric compartments into which the said two ports'respectively lopen and to which theair discharge passages respectively are continuously connected, means for controlling the supply of air' to the'said iso chamber; and separate means for controlling one of the said ports.

9. In a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storage chamber and having two spaced air ports opening forwardly from the said chamber; a spray-head memberattached at its rear end to the forward end of the body member and provided with two spaced air discharge passages; the two members being formed for affording a peripherally` closed air space forwardly of thebody member and behind the inlet of one of the air discharge passages; tubular partitioning means extending from one to the other of the said members and centered by one `thereof for partitioning the said air space into two concentric compartments into which the. said two ports respectively open and to 4which the air discharge passages respectively are continuously connected; means for controllingthe supply of air to the said chamber; and separatemeans forcontrolling I.

the port leading to the outer of the two concentric compartments.

10.`ln a. spray appliance, a body having in its forward end an air storage chamber and having an axial and a non-axial air portv both opening forwardly from the said chamber, and having an air passage leading to the said chamber; a liquid nozzle extending forwardly from the body through the axial air port and leaving a gap between the bore of that port and the liquid nozzle; a cup like air nozzle member secured at its mouth end to the body and having a central outlet port freely surrounding the forward end offthe liquid nozzle, the said air nozzle member' also having two supplemental air' passages disposed at opposite Isides of the axis of the central outlet port; the air nozzle member also including a tubular partition abutting against the forward end of the body, the bore of the partition being concentric with and of larger diameter than the said central outlet port and the'exterior radius of the partition being less than the distance between the said axis. r

11. A spray appliance as per claim 10, in combination with a movable valve member controlling the said non-axial'air port.

12. A. spray appliance as per claim 10, in combination with a movable valve member controlling the said non-axial air port, the

valve member extending through the said 'air passage.

13.1%. spray appliance as per claim 10, in

combination with a movable valve member controlling the said non-axial air ort, the valve member extending longitudinally of the air passage within-thatfpassage and presenting a di 'tally operable end part behind a portion o the body.

14. A spray appliance as per claim 10, including an annular peripheral flange carried by the partition and extending freely between Lemme the outlet of the said non-axial air port and the'rear ends of both of the supplemental air passages.

15. In a spray appliance of the class described, tlie combination with an air nozzle having a forwardly converging axial air bore and having a supplemental air passage spaced from the said air bore, of a nozzle extension slidabl fitted to the rear end of the air nozzle andy including a tubular portion radially inward of the supplemental air passage and of larger bore than the said axial air bore, and a'spring interposed between the air nozzle and the said extension for continuously urging the extension rearwardly away from the nozzle. i

16. A spray appliance as per claim 1, in which the partitioning means are slidably Afitted to one of the said members, and yielding means for pressing the partitioning means against the other member.

17. In a spray appliance, a body having an air storage chamber in its forward end and a main air passage leading to the said chamber; the body also having. a liquid passage parallel to the main air passage, and having a frontal aperture and a frontal port both leading from the said chamber and alining respectively with the liquid passage and the main air passage; a liquid nozzle mounted 1 on the body in alinement with the liquid passage, the said nozzle extending forwardly through the said frontal aperture and being of such diameter opposite that aperture as to provide an annular port leading from the said chamber; an air-confining and pro]ect ing member mounted on the body and housing the portion of the liquid nozzle forwardly of the body, the said member being formed to afford a central annular air outlet around the tip of the nozzle and a supplemental air 4outlet spaced transversely of the axis of the valvecontrolling the said frontal port in the body.

SVEND BRAMSEN.

CERTIFICATE oF CORRECTION.

ateniNo.1,91o,673. i May 23,1933.

SVEND BRAMSEN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6, line 118, claim 17, after "body" insert a semi-colon; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. y

Signed and sealed this 15th day of May, A. D. r1934. I

Bryan M. Battey (Seal) l Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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