US2741114A

US2741114A - Combination lock slider

Info

Publication number: US2741114A
Application number: US337824A
Authority: US
Inventors: Noel J Poux
Original assignee: Talon Inc
Current assignee: Talon Inc
Priority date: 1953-02-19
Filing date: 1953-02-19
Publication date: 1956-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 1973-04-10

Description

April 10, 1956 N. J. POUX 2,741,114

COMBINATION LOCK SLIDER Fil ed Feb. 19, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet l IN V EN T 0R.

. N054 J Pow BY i=1. 5

April 0, 1956 N. J. POUX 2,741,114

COMBINATION LOCK SLIDER INVENTOR.

BY $6M April 10, 1956 N. J. POUX 2,741,114

COMBINATION LOCK SLIDER Filed Feb. 19, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 l0 INVENTOR. 5 W054 J Poux 50 5 mp /07 (9.6 BY

United States CGIVBINATIGN LGCK SLIDER Noel J. Poux, Meadvilie, Pa., assignor to Talon, line, a corporation of Pennsylvania Application February 19, 1953, Serial No. 337,824

25 Claims. or. 70-68) This invention relates to slide fasteners, and particularly, to an improved combination lock slider therefor for preventing pilfering or unauthorized opening of bags and the like equipped with slide fasteners.

Various types of locking means have been suggested and used for locking the slider of slidefasteners against unintentional movement along the fastener stringers. Some of these locking means employed a key for actuating the locking mechanism. While such locks operated satisfactorily, oftentimes the key would become lost or misplaced, thereby preventing immediate opening of the fastener which was troublesome, as well as inconvenient. Also, in other locks heretofore suggested and used, the locking mechanism was attached to the bag or article and the slider carried a pivoted hasp or similar means for engaging the lock. In such arrangement this usually provided a flexible connection between the actual lock mechanism and the slider, which afforded an opportunity for slipping the fastener stringers through the slider and thereby permitting unauthorized opening of the fastener.

According to the present invention, there is provided a combination lock mechanism which is secured directly to the slider body so that the slider is locked directly to the fastener stringers and elements inside the slider channel there eliminating the above mentioned disadvantages.

It is the general object of the present invention to provide an improved combination lock for sliders of slide fasteners which consists of a minimum number of parts and which may be easily and conveniently applied to the fastener.

It is another object of the inventor to provide an improved combination lock slider which is simple and inexpensive in its constructionand yet at the same time efficient and eifective in its use.

It is a further object of the inventor to provide an improved combination lock slider for slide fasteners which is neat in appearance, and strong and rugged in its construction. 7

Various other objects and advantages of this invention will be more apparent in the course of the following specification, and will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, there is shown for the purpose of illustration, several embodiments which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the improved combination lock slider of my invention showing it incorporated with a slide fastener,

Fig. 2 is a side view thereof as shown in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 44- of Fig.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view showing parts of one o the rotatable members,

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the locking members of the lock,

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a modified form of the combination lock slider of my invention showing it incorporated with a slide fastener,

Fig. 9 is a side view of the modified form shown in Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken on line 1010 of Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on line 12-42 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the locking members of this modified combination,

Fig. 14 is a plan view of another modified form of the combination lock slider of my invention showing it incorporated with a slide fastener,

Fig. 15 is a side view of this modified form as shown in Fig. 14,

Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken on line i616 of Fig. 14,

Fig. 17 is a sectional view taken on line 17-17 of Fig. 14,

Fig. 18 is a sectional view taken on line 1818 of Fig. 15; and

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the locking member of this latter modified construction.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the improved combination lock slider of the present invention shown incorporated with a conventional type slide fastener which comprises a pair of flexible stringers 2 hav- "'.g a series of spaced-apart interlocking fastener elements c arranged along the adjacent edges thereof which are engaged and disengaged by longitudinal movement of the slider therealong in a well-known manner.

in accordance with the present invention, the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 through 5 of the drawings, comprises a body member 4 which is preferably die-cast, havin spaced-apart wing portions 5' and t3 integrally connected together at one end by a neck portion 7 so as to provide substantially a Y-shaped channel 8 therebe.

tween. On the outer side of one wing portion or face of the slider body 4 there is positioned, in a housing portion 9 carried thereby, the improved combination lock mechanism of my invention. Such lock mechanism con sists of a pair of horizontally disposed dials or

rotatable operating members

16 and 12. which are positioned in recesses i3 and 14, respectively, in the opposite sides of the housing portion 9 and are rotatably mounted on

pins

15 and 16, respectively, carried by the housing. As shown in Fig. 6, each of the rotatable members it) and 12 consists of two interengaging disk-

like parts

17 and 18 constructed and arranged so as to be spaced apart around the periphery thereof whereby a box cam raceway or

maze

18a and 19, respectively, is provided therebetween. The side walls of each of these

raceways

18a and 19 have a plurality of spaced-apart cam-like portions 29 and corresponding recesses 21 arranged therearound, and one enlarged cam portion 22 in the bottom part 38 and a corresponding enlarged recess 23 in the upper part 17 for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

On the outer face of each of the upper parts 17, there is arranged therearound adjacent the periphery thereof calibrations or markings, such as numerals or letters, or other suitable markings 24 which are adapted to register with apertures or

windows

25 and 26, arranged in the outer face 27 of the housing. The outer periphery of each of these upper parts 17 is preferably knurled as at 28, which knurled edge portions extend outwardly beyond the respective side edges of the housing and by means of which the rotatable members are adapted to be rotated manually.

Directly opposite each of the rotatable members it and v a 12, there is arranged tumbler-dike locking members 2) and 30, respectively, which are disposed for reciprocable movement in openings 31 and 32, respectively,arranged in the upper wing portion 5 of the slider body and which Communicate with the channel 8 therein. These locking

members

29 and 30 have locking projections 29:: and-36a,

respectively, on one end thereof and outwardly extending lug-like portions or followers 2% and Stlb, respectively, on the opposite end, as more clearly shown in Fig. 7. These lug portions 295 and Sill; are disposed in the

respective raceways

18a and 19 of

therespeciive rota members

16 and 12, as more clearly shown in i .gs. s and 5 of the drawings. On the outer side of the wing portion 8 there is provided preferably a lug portion 33 to which a pull member 34 is movably attached for manipulating the slider in opening and closing the same.

Having described the construction of this embodiment ofmy invention, its operation will now be described. it will be understood that cam portions 22 and the recesses 23 cause the rise and fall of the locking

members

29 and 30 when the rotatable members it? and 2 re rotated so that the proper combination to open the lock cannot be easily felt by trial and error when these members are rotated when the combination is not known to the operator. Also, it will be understood that the enlarged cam portions 22 and the corresponding recesses. 33in the

respective raceways

18a and 19 are positioned with respect to a predetermined selected calibration or marking 24 on the respective rotatable members so that the locking

members

29 and 30 will be moved to their unlocked positions only when such calibration or marking appears in the respective apertures or windows 25 and of the respective rotatable members. It will be assumed that the locking

members

29 and 30 are in their locked positions with the respective locking projections 29a and 36a carried thereby projecting into the slider channel, as shown in Fig. 4, when it is desired to open the lock. The operating members it and 12 are rotated and in so doing, it will be seen that the respective lug portions 2% and 3012 will follow the respective raceways 18a and 3.9. When the respective predetermined selected calibrations or markings for opening the lock are positioned opposite the respective windows or

apertures

25 and 26, the

respective locking members

29 and 30 will be moved outwardly due to the action of the respective enlarged cam portions 22 and recesses 23. By such movement, it will be seen that the respective locking projections 29a and 34):: thereof are moved out of the slider channel 8 and out of engag ment with the interlocking elements 3 therein, as shown in Fig. 5, thereby permitting the slider to be moved along the stringers. When it is desired to lock the slider against movement the rotatable members It and 12 are rotatably positioned so that the proper opening combination, i. e., markings 24, are moved out of register with the

windows

25 and 26. Upon such rotatable movement, it will be seen that the respective locking members 29 and 36 are caused to be moved inwardly into the channel 3 and again into engagement with the fastener elements 3. It will be understood that the

raceways

18a and 19 are constructed and arranged so that the locking projections 29a and 35in extend into the channel 8 of the slider into engagement with the fastener elements therein in all rotatable positions of the rotatable members it and 12 except when the rotatable members are positioned at the predetermined selected rotatable position or combination at which point they are moved and held out of the channel 3 by the enlarged cam portions 22 in the raceways.

In Figs. 8 through 13 there is shown a modified lock slider construction of my invention. in this embodiment, as before, there is provided a body member 46, also preferably die-cast, having spaced-apart

wing portions

41 and 42 integrally connected together at one end by a neck portion 43 so as to provide substantially a i -shaped channel 44 therebetween. On the outer side of one of the wing portions or face of this body member, there is provided a housing portion dlla, in which there is mounted a pair of dials or

rotatable operating members

45 and 46. These operating

members

45 and 46 are rotatably mounted in parallel relation on a pin member 47 and are spaced apart from one another by an arcuate portion 48 carried by the housing.

As more clearly shown in Figs. 11 and 12, on the inner side of the

rotatable members

45 and 46, there is arranged box cam raceways 4i and 56, respectively, having spaced-apart cam-like portions 521 and 52, respectively, arranged around the side walls thereof. There is also provided in these raceways 49 and 56 an enlarged cam portion 55 and a corresponding enlarged recess 56 respective

rotatable members

45 and 46, in the housing a, there is arranged preferably spring-

like members

63 and 64, respectively, which cooperate with the respective knurled edge portions 59 and 6b of the rotatable members, which spring members are adapted to aid in positioning and holding the respective operating members and 46 in their rotatable adjusted positions.

Directly opposite each of the

rotatable members

45 and 46, there is arranged in an aperture 65 extending through the upper Wing 41 of the slider body 4il centrally thereof and communicating with the channel 44 therein, a pair of tumbler-

like locking members

66 and 67 which are adapted to be moved reciprocably into and out of the slider channel. On one end of each of these locking members, there is arranged locking

projections

68 and 69, respectively, and on the opposite end thereof outwardly extending lug-

like portions

70 and 71, respectively, as more clearly shown in Fig. 13. These lug portions are disposed in the respective raceways 49 and of the

rotatable members

45 and 46, as more clearly shown in Figs. 11 and 12 of the drawings. 7

This embodiment of my invention functions in the following manner. As in the embodiment previously described, it will be understood that cam portions 51 and 52 of the raceways 49and 50 cause the rise and fall of the locking

members

66 and 67 when the operating members 45 and-46 are rotated so that the proper combination to open the lock cannot easily be felt by trial and error when these members are rotated and the proper combination is not known to the operator. Also, it will be understood, as before, that the enlarged cam portions are positioned with respect to a predetermined selected calibration or marking on the respective

rotatable members

45 and 46 so that the locking members will be moved to their unlocked positions only when such calibration or marking is disposed opposite and registers with a hair line mark 72 arranged centrally of the arcuate portion 43 of the housing, as shown in Fig. 8.

It will be assumed that the locking

members

66 and 67 are in their locked positions with the

respective locking projections

68 and 69, thereof, extending into the slider channel and into engagement with the fastener elements 3 therein, as shown in Fig. 10. When it is desired to open the lock in order to move the slider along the fastener elements, the operating

members

45 and 46 are rotated until the respective predetermined selected calibration or markings on the periphery of the

rotatable members

45 and 46 are positioned in line with one another opposite the hair line marking 72. Insuch position of these rotatable members, it will; be seen that

locking'members

66 and 67 are moved outwardly with the respective: locking

projections

68 and 69 carried thereby moving out of the slider channel 44 and out of engagement with the fastener elements 3 therein, thereby permitting the slider to be moved along the fastener to open and close the same. When it is desired to lock the slider against movement, the operating

members

45 and 46 are again rotated so as to move the predetermined rotatable calibration or markings out of register with the hair line mark 72 whereby the locking

members

66 and 67 are moved inwardly due to the construction and arrangement of the cam portions 51 and 52 so that the

respective locking projections

68 and 6? again project into the slider channel in engagement with the fastener elements 3 therein.

In Figs. 14 through 19 there is shown another modification of the lock slider of my invention which is similar to the embodiment just described. in this embodiment, as before, there is provided a body member 89 also preferably die-cast, having spaced-apart

wing portions

81 and 82 integrally connected together at one end by a neck portion 83 so as to provide substantially a Y-shaped channel 84 therebetween. On the outer side of one of the wing portions or face of this body member, there is proided a housing portion 86a, in which there is mounted a pair of dials or

rotatable operating members

85 and 86.

These operating members 85 an 86 are rotatably mounted in parallel relation on a pin member 87 and are spaced apart from one another by an arcuate portion 88 carried by the housing.

On the inner side of each of the rotatable members 35' and 86, there is arranged box cam raceways 39 and 99, respectively, having spaced-apart cam-like portions 93. and 92, respectively, arranged around the side walls thereof. There is also provided in these raceways 39 and 99 an enlarged cam portion 95 and a corresponding enlarged recess 96 for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Around the periphery of each of the rotatable members 85 and 06, there is arranged as at $7 and 93, respectively, calibrations or markings, such as numerals or letters. On the outer edge portion of each of these rotatable members,

there is arran ed around the eriher thereof, knurled or notched portions 99 and ran, respectively, for manual rotation of these members. in recesses lll and 192, respectively, positioned below the respective rotatable members 85 and 36, in the housing Si o, there is arranged preferably spring-like members 1 93 and 184 respectively, which co-operate with the respective knurled edge portions 5? and 195 of the rotatable members, which spring members are adapted to aid in positioning and holding the respective members and 36 in their rotatable adjuster positions.

Directly opposite each of the rotatable members 35 and 86, there is arranged in an aperture 135 extending through the upper wing 81 of the slider body 3% centrally thereof and communicating with the channel therein, a pair of tumbler-like locking members and ill? which are adapted to be moved reciprocably into and out of the slider channel. On one end of each of these looking members, there is arranged locking projections its and 199, respectively, and on the opposite end thereof outwardly extending lug-like portions 119 and E11, respectively, as more clearly shown in Fig. 19. These lug portions are disposed in the respective raceways 39 and 9d of the

rotatable members

85 and 8 5, as more clearly shown in Fi s. 16 and 17 of the drawings.

At each end of the housing portion ell r there is arranged preferably yone-shape portions 112 and to which are attached

pull members

114 and 115, respective ly, for moving the slider along the fastener stringers to open and close the fastener in a well known manner. The locking mechanism of this latter embodiment of my invention functions in the same manner as the embodimerit previously described.

As a result of my invention, it will be seen that ther is provided a combination lock which can be easily incorporated with the sliders of slide fasteners. It will be seen that the slider cannot be manipulated to open or close the fastener unless the proper locl: opening combination is known to the operator thereby eliminating the danger of unauthorized opening of the bag or articleoth r forms may be devised within the scope of my in-' vention as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. A slider for slide fasteners of the type having a pair of flexible stringers with a series of spaced-apart inter-locking fastener elements attached to the opposed edges thereof, comprising a slider body having a guide channel therein for engaging and disengaging the fastener elements, a lock housing arranged on one'face of said slider body, locking means arranged within said housing and communicating with the channel in said slider body and the fastener elements therein for locking the slider in any selected position along the stringers, a cylindrical member pivotally mounted Within said housing with a portion thereof extending out through an opening in said housing and camming means carried by said cylindrical member which co-operates with means carried by said locking means, whereby said locking means is moved to its locked and unlocked positions at predetermined rotatable positions of said rotatable member.

2. A slider for side fasteners, as defined in claim 1, wherein the locking means consists of a locking member mounted for reciprocable movement into and out of the channel of said slider body having a locking projection on one end thereof and means on the opposite end cooperating with said cylindrical member.

3. A sliderfor slide fasteners, as defined in claim 1, wherein the locking means consists of a locking member mounted for reciprocable movement into and out of the channel of said slider having a locking projection on one end thereof and an outwardly projecting portion on the opposite end extending substantially perpendicular to said locking projection which is disposed in a box cam raceway carried by said cylindrical member.

4. A slider for slide fasteners of the type having a pair or" flexible stringers with a series of spaced-apart interlocking fastener elements attached to the opposed edges thereof, comprising a slider body having a guide channel therein for engaging and disengaging the fastener elements, a housing carried by said slider body, at least a pair of lockin members arranged within said housing for reciprocable movement into and out of the channel of said slider body for locking the slider in any selected position along said stringers, and at least a pair of cylindrical members pivotally mounted within said housing having a portion thereof extending out through an opening in said. housing, each of said locking members having a locking projection arranged on one end thereof and means arranged on the opposite end thereof co-operating with camming means carried by their respective cylindrical members whereby said locking members are moved to their locked and unlocked positions at predetermined cylindrical positions of their respective rotatable members.

5. A slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 4, wherein the means on the one end of each of the locking members co-operating with the cylindrical members consists of an outwardly projecting lug portion extending substantially perpendicular to the locking projection which is disposed in a box cam raceway carried by their respective cylindrical members.

6. A slider for slide fasteners, as definedin claim 4, wherein the cylindrical members are mounted on a common axis substantially parallel to one another.

7. A slider for slide fasteners, as defined inclaim 4,'

, 7 wherein the cylindrical members are mounted on se arate a'ite's in '"substantially the same plane and on a plane sub-- stantially parallel to the slider body.

'8. A slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 4, wherein the cylindrical members have graduated indices arranged around the periphery thereof so that the cylindrical members can be rotatably positioned at any predetermined selected graduation to move the locking members to urn locked position. 7

-9 In a slider for slide fasteners having a channel there in for receiving the interlocking members of the fastener, a housing arranged on said slider, a locking member arranged in said housing for reciprocal movement therein in a plane substantially perpendicular to the channel in said slider, said locking member having a locking prong arranged on one end thereof which is adapted to be disposed in said slider channel, a cylindrical member rotatably mounted in said housing having an annular box cam raceway carried thereby, said locking member having means carried thereby which is disposed in said raceway and cooperates -therewith whereby the locking member is actuated upon rotation of said cylindrical member to 'move said locking member to its locked and unlocked positions when the cylindrical member is disposed in predetermined rotatable positions.

10. In a slider for slide fasteners, the combination as defined in claim 9, wherein the cylindrical member has graduated indices arranged therearound so that the cylindrical member can be rotatably positioned at any predetermined selected graduation to move the locking member to unlocked position.

i 11. In a slider for slide fasteners, the combination as defined in claim 9, wherein the annular box cam raceway has a plurality of spaced-apart cam-like portions arranged therearound and one larger cam-like portion which larger I cam-like portion is adapted to move the locking member to its unlocked position when the means carried by the locking member is engaged thereby.

12. In a slider for slide fasteners having a channel therein for receiving the interlocking members of the fastener, a housing arranged on said slider, a locking member arranged in said housing for reciprocal movement therein in a plane substantially perpendicular to the channel in said slider, said locking member having a locking prong arranged on one end thereof which is adapted to be disposed in said slider channel and having an outwardly extending lug portion arranged on the op-.

posite'endthe'reof extending substantially perpendicular to said locking prong, a cylindrical member rotatably mounted in said housing having a portion thereof extending out through an opening therein, said cylindrical member having an annular box cam raceway arranged therein in which said lug portion is disposed whereby the locking member is actuated upon rotation of said cylindrical memher to move said locking member to its locked and unlocked positions when the cylindrical mcmber'is disposed in predetermined rotatable positions.

13. In a slider for slide fasteners, the combination as defined in claim '12, wherein the cylindrical member has graduated indices arranged therearound so that the cylindrical member can be rotatably positioned at any predetermined selected graduation to move the locking member to" unlocked position.

14. In a slider for slide fasteners, the combination as defined in "claim 12, wherein the annular box can, raceway has a plurality of spaced-apart cam-like portions arranged therearound and one larger cam-like portion which larger cam-like portion is adapted to move the locking member to its" unlocked position when the lug portion of the locking member is engaged thereby.

15. In a slider for slide fasteners having a channel therein for" receiving the interlocking members of the fastener, a housing arranged on said slider, at least a pair of lockin 'menibers arranged in said housing for reciprocabl'e movement therein in a plane substantially perpendi'cular to the channel in said slider, each of said locking members having a locking prong arranged on one end there which is adapated to be disposed in said slider channel, and at least a pair of cylindrical members rotatably mounted in said housing with each having a portion thereof extending out through an opening in said housing and having an annular box cam raceway carried thereby, each of said locking members having means carried thereby which is disposed in the raceway in the respective cylindrical members and which cooperates therewith whereby the members are actuated upon rotation of the respective cylindrical members .to move the respective locking members to their locked and unlocked positions when the respective cylindrical members are disposed in predetermined rotatable positions. I

16. In a slider for slide fasteners, the combination as defined in claim 15, wherein the means carried by each of the locking members which is disposed in the mnular box cam raceways of the respective cylindrical member consists of an outwardly extending lug portion disposed substantially perpendicular to the locking prongs of said locking members.

17. In a slider for slide fasteners, the combination as defined in claim 15, wherein each of the cylindrical mem bers has graduated indices arranged therearound so that the cylindrical members can be rotatably positioned at any predetermined selected graduation to move the locking member to unlocked position. 7

18. A loci; slider for slide fasteners comprising a pair of space -apart wing portions connected at one end by a neck porti so as to provide substantially a Y-shaped channel therebetween, a plurality of locking members arranged in one of said wing portions for reciprocable movement into and out of said channel, a plurality of cylindrical members rotatably mounted on said one wing portion with one associated and co-operating with each .of said locking members for actuatingthe same, and

means carried by each of said locking members engageable with camming means carried by their respective cylindrical members whereby the locking members are moved upon rotation of their respective cylindrical members into and out of said channel.

19. A lock slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 18, wherein the cylindrical members are mounted on a common axis substantially parallel to one another.

20. A loci. slider for slide fasteners comprising a pair of spaced-apart wing portions connected at one end by a neck portion so as to provide substantially a :'-shaped channel therebettveen, a plurality of locking members arranged in one of said wing portions for reciprocable movement into and out of said channel, a plurality of cylindrical members rotatably mounted on said one wing portion with one associated and co-operating with each of said locking members for actuating the same, each of said cylindrical members having an annular box cam raceway carried thereby, means carried by each of said locking members whicli'is disposed in the raceways of their respective cylindrical members and which co-operate therewith whereby the locking members are actuated upon rotation of the cylindrical members to move said locking members into and out of said channel.

21. A locl; slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 2-5), wherein the cylindrical members are mounted on a common axis substantially parallel to one another.

22. A lock slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 20, wherein each of the annular box cam raceways has a plurality of spaced-apart cam-like portions arranged thercaround and one larger cam-like portion which is adapted to move the locking member to its unlocked position when the means carried by the locking member is engaged thereby.

23. A lock slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 20, wherein the means carried by each of the locking members which is disposed in the raceways of the re- 9 spective cylindrical members consists of an outwardly extending lug portion.

24. A slider for slide fasteners, as defined in claim 20, wherein each of the cylindrical members has graduated indices arranged around the periphery thereof so that the cylindrical members can be rotatably positioned at any predetermined selected graduation to move the respective locking members to their unlocked positions.

25. A lock slider for slide fasteners comprising a pair of spaced-apart wing portions connected at one end by a neck portion so as to provide substantially a Y-shaped channel therebetween, a plurality of locking members arranged in one of said wing portions for reciprocable movement into and out of said channel, a plurality of cylindrical members rotatably mounted on said one wing portion with one associated and co-operating with each of said locking members for actuating the same, each of said cylindrical members having camming means carried thereby, and a lug portion arranged on one end of each of said locking members and a locking projection arranged on the opposite end thereof, said lug portions adapted to co-operate with the carnming means carried by the respective cylindrical members to move the locking projections of the respective locking members into and out of said channel upon rotation of the respective cylindrical members.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 340,942 Elliotto et a1 Apr. 27, 1886 2,166,581 Carlile July 18, 1939 2,233,661 Bugg Mar. 4, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS 404,782 Great Britain Jan. 25, 1934