US2734233A

US2734233A - Drawing rolls

Info

Publication number: US2734233A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1956-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 1973-02-14

Description

Feb. 14, 1956 R. c. BERKER DRAWING ROLLS Filed 1955 INVEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

DRAWING ROLLS Ralph C. Barker, Hoxsie, R. 1.

Application January 7, 1953, Serial No. 330,058

2 Claims. (Cl. 19135) The invention relates to improvements in drawing rollers for textile machines, particularly drawing rollers for a gill and the like drawing frame.

A usual set of drawing rollers of a gill drawing frame comprises a lower steel fluted roller or rollers and a top pressure roller which may be made of rubber or rubberlike material for providing a yielding surface contact with the sliver passing through the bite between the rollers. The top or pressure roller is driven at a surface speed substantially equal to that of the lower roller by its contact with the sliver as drawn between the rollers. Pressure is usually applied to each end portion of the pressure roller, and it is by virtue of this pressure that the drive is effected. The location at which the pressure is applied tends to provide for greater pressure on the outer edge portions of the sliver than on the middle, which often results in a scufling and unevenness of the sliver drawn through the rollers. Y

The general object of the invention is to provide drawing rollers arranged so as to overcome the disadvantages above mentioned.

A more specific object is to provide a more equal distribution of pressure on the sliver.

Another object is to provide for the application of pressure equally distributed along the surface of the pressure roller.

Another object is to provide for driving the pressure roller from a source other than that of the sliver drawn through the rollers.

Another object of the invention is to provide for driving the pressure roller through surface contact with an intermediate roller which may be positively driven at the surface speed of the lower roller or rollers.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view partly in section of a set of draft rollers embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along lines 3-3 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows thereon;

Figure 4 is a sectional view through a set of drafting rollers of modified arrangement wherein two lower rollers are provided.

In carrying out one embodiment of the invention, I provide a steel roller and arrange to positively rotate the same at a surface speed equal to the surface speed of the lower roller of the set of draft rollers. The steel roller is made of a diameter to provide sufiicient mass so as to prevent any material bowing of the roller under pressure applied at its end portions. The steel roller is positioned above the pressure roller and has surface contact therewith. Pressure is applied at the end portions of the steel roller, and this pressure is in turn transmitted to the nited States Patent 2,734,233 Patented Feb. 14, 1956 pressure roller by its surface contact therewith. By virtue of this applied pressure the pressure roller is rotated at a surface speed equal to the surface speed of the steel roller and thus at the surface speed of the said lower roller. The lower roller is positively driven in a usual manner. Thus, I provide for a more equal distribution of pressure along the surface of the pressure roller and also provide for a smoother and more positive rotation of the pressure roller other than by its contact with the sliver drawn through the rollers, thereby providing for a more even drawing of fibers with more freedom of smiling action.

Referring to the drawings for a more detailed description of the invention as applied to a gill drawing frame, 10 designates generally the sides of the machine frame to which bearings 11 are secured in any appropriate manner. In the present instance a single lower roller 12 is shown as by way of example, and this may be the usual fluted steel roller having reduced

spindle portions

13, 14 journaled in the bearings 11. In lieu of this single steel roller 12 a pair of such rollers as shown at 12, 12' in Figure 3 may be employed if desired. The roller 12 may be driven through spindle 13 by the usual gearing (not shown). The pressure roller 15 is also of a usual construction provided with a yielding surface 16 and reduced at its end portion as at 17 and further reduced to provide

mounting trunnions

18, 19 and shoulders 20. The

trunnions

18, 19 are journaled in bearings 21, 22 against which the shoulders 20 abut.

The pressure roller 15 is supported in a frame 23 which may be of any suitable construction, that herein shown having spaced arms 24 joined at their upper end by means of a bridge 25 secured in place as by means of bolt fastenlugs 25'. The arms 24 are pivotally mounted on the sides 10 on shafts 26, and each arm may be provided with a recess 27 in which the bearings 21, 22 are slidably received to position the pressure roller 15 above the roller 12 and in contact therewith as is usual. Each arm 24 is provided with a slot 28, and a stud bolt 29 extends through the slot to threadedly engage a bearing 21 to slidably secure the same in place. The arms 24 are free of the lower roller 12, and the frame 23 may be swung to and from the roller 12 about shaft 26 to position the pressure roller in and out of engagement with the said roller 12. This feature forms no part of the present invention.

Pressure is applied to the pressure roller 15 through a steel roller 30 which is mounted on the frame 23 to be above and in line with the two former mentioned rollers. This roller 30 is reduced at its end portions as at 31 and further reduced to provide

spindle portions

32, 33. The

spindles

32, 33 are journaled in half bearings 34 which are slidably received in the recesses 27 and are held to said arms by means of a stud fastening 35 which also extends through the slot 28 and threadedly engages the half bearings 34. The bearings 34 lie or rest on the

spindles

32, 33, and a compression spring 37 is positioned to rest on each bearing 34. A bar 38 extends between the arms 24 and the end portions 39 thereof extend to be at a position directly above the bearings 34 and provide abutments against which the other ends of the springs 37 engage.

The bridge 25 has a central opening 40 in which there is rotatably received a sleeve 41 which is internally threaded and provided with a handle 42 for rotating the sleeve. The lower end of the sleeve extends beneath the bridge 25 and has attached thereto a circular cam 43 having a rise or high point 44 thereon. A similar circular cam 45 is attached to the underside of the bridge 25 to be held stationary and encircles the sleeve 41. The cam 45 has a cam surface similar to that of the cam 43 also providing a rise or high point 46. The cam surfaces of these cams are positioned opposite each other, and turning sleeve 41 in a direction to move the

high points

44, 46 toward each other will draw the sleeve 41 inwardly toward the bar 38. Turning this sleeve 41 in a direction for the high point of one cam to be opposite the'low point on the other cam will permit the sleeve 41 to be moved outwardly.

A member 47 having a knurled head 48 is threadedly received in the sleeve 41 and projects therethrough to engage against the bar 38. Turning said member 47 in one direction will move the bar 38 against the springs 37, and moving it in the opposite direction will permit the bar 38 to be moved in the opposite direction under urge of springs 37. Pressure is applied through this member 47 on to the bar 38 to be in turn transmitted to the springs 37 which in turn through the half bearings 34 transmit this pressure on to the end portions of the steel roller 30. The arrangement shown provides for equalizing the pres sure at the end of the steel roller 30. In the initial setting of the pressure, the cams are relatively rotated so as to position the high point of one cam opposite the low point of the other cam. The member 47 may now be turned in the proper direction so as to place the springs 37 under only sufiicient tension to retain the same in place against self-movement. The sleeve 41 may now be manually turned by means of the handle 42 to draw the same inwardly and place the springs 37 under tension. The roller 30 is made of a diameter to provide a sufficient mass to prevent any material buckling at the steel roller under pressure, and the pressure exerted thereon by said spring 37 will be equally distributed along the entire contacting surface of the pressure roller 15.

As previously described, the fluted roller 12 is driven at one end. The other end or spindle portion 14 projects beyond its bearing 11 and has attached thereto a gear 49 to rotate therewith. A gear 50 is rotatably mounted on the spindle 19 to engage with the gear 49 to be driven thereby. Collars 51 are secured to the spindle 19 on each side of the gear 50 to prevent axial movement of said gear 50 along the spindle 19. A gear 52 is secured to the spindle 32 of the steel roller 29 to rotate therewith and engages with the gear 50 to be rotated thereby. The gear ratio of the train of gears 49, 50, 52 is chosen so that the surface speed of the steel roller 29 will be equal to that of the fluted roller 12. Thus, the steel roller 29 will be driven through the said gear train at a surface speed equal to that of the roller 12 and the roller 15 in turn driven by contact with said steel roller at the surface speed thereof, thus that of the roller 12.

It will now be apparent that the pressure will be exerted more evenly on the sliver passing between the draft rollers and that the rotation of the pressure roller 15 will be more positive and smoother in action whereby providing for a more uniform drawing of fibers.

I claim:

1. In a textile drafting machine, a set of textile drafting rollers comprising a lower fluted roller, an intermediate pressure roller having a yieldable surface, and a pressure applying upper roller of a character to substantially prevent bending under applied textile drafting pressure, said rollers being substantially the same diameter and arranged one above the other and having surface contact one with the other along the entire effective length thereof, said pressure roller and pressure applying roller being movable toward and from the fluted roller, and spring means for applying a yielding pressure on the pressure applying roller to be transmitted thereby on the said pressure roller along the entire effective length thereof, said rollers extending one i above the other with the axes thereof in line with each other, a drive gear secured to said fiuted roller for rotation therewith, a second gear rotatably mounted on said pressure roller and engaging the first said gear, and a third gear secured to said pressure applying roller for rota- 7 tion therewith and engaging with the said second gear,

said first and third gear being equal in pitch diameter, whereby said rollers will be rotated at equal surface speeds.

2. In a textile drafting machine, a set of textile drafting rollers comprising a lower fluted roller, an intermediate pressure roller having a yieldable surface, and a pressure applying upper roller of a character to substantially prevent bending under applied textile drafting pressure, said rollers being substantially the same diameter and arranged one above the other and having surface contact one with the other along the entire effective length thereof, said pressure roller and pressure applying roller being movable toward and from the fluted roller, and spring means for applying a yielding pressure on the pressure applying roller to be transmitted thereby on the said pressure roller along the entire effective length thereof, a drive gear secured to said fluted roller for rotation therewith, a second gear rotatably mounted on said pressure roller and engaging the first said gear, and a third gear secured to said pressure applying roller for rotation therewith and engaging with the said second gear, said first and third gear being equal in pitch diameter, whereby said rollers will be rotated at equal surface speeds.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 115,372 Smith May 30, 1871 165,754 Richardson July 20, 1875 339,230 Stanbrough Apr. 6, 1886 970,317 Firth Sept. 13, 1910 1,195,426 Whitin Aug. 22, 1916 1,524,763 Tschudy Feb. 3, 1925 2,216,869 Yoder et a1. Oct. 8, 1940 2,429,142 Thomas Oct. 14, 1947 2,503,858 Waterworth Apr. 11, 1950 2,589,798 Getchell Mar. 18, 1952 2,621,371 Berker Dec. 16, 1952