US271816A

US271816A - And christian f

Info

Publication number: US271816A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 1900-02-06

Description

(No Model.)

W. L. DUDLEY 8v C. F. RAPP.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

IJVEJTURE.

UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM L. DUDLEY, OF COVINGTON, KENTUCKY, AND CHRISTIAN F. RAPP,

OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE AMERICAN IRIDIUM COM- PANY, or CINCINNATI, oHIo.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAlVlP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,816, dated February 6, 1883.

Application filed May 25, 1882. (No model.)

1o all whom it may concern Be it known that we, WILLIAn L. DUDLEY and CHRISTIAN F. RAPP,citiZens oi' the United States, and residing respectively at Covington,

in the county of Kenton, State of Kentucky, and at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lights, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to that class of electric apparatus for producing and controlling light by the use of discontinuous conductors.

The chief objects of the invention are, tirst, to prevent the striking or pounding ofthe elec- 1 5 trodes, thus permitting the use ot' a non-com bustihle electrode by which the point 'of light is always in the same position; second, to

econoinize power in the production of light, l

and labor and material in the apparatus by 2o which it is produced; third, to utilize the natural form or taper of the positive carbon, caused byits combustion, to automatically feed the same, so that the point always retains the same position relative to its supports, thus diminishing the longitudinal motion ofthe core equal to the length ot' the positive carbon or electrode; fourth, to hold the positive electrode permanently in its supports. 'These objects are attained by the means illustrated in 3o the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation of our improved lamp, adapted to use a non-combustible negative electrode, the point er tip of which is preferably made ot' iridium'. Fig. 2 is a similar view of our lamp, having the helix and core lengthened for use with both electrodes of carhon. Fig. 3 is an edge elevation of the lamp shown in Fig. 2. Fig. I is an enlarged view, in vertical section, of the devices which are at- 4o ta-ched to the lower end of the core to sustain and feed the positive electrode and conduct the electricity down to near the point of the same. Fig. 5 is aiplan view of the top of the lamp frame. Fig. 6 is a transverse section through linc of Fig. 1I. Fig. 7 is an inverted plan view of the parts represented in Fig. 4; and Fig is a side elevation oi' a bracketlamp provided with our improvements.

Similar letters referto similar parts through- 5o out the several views.

The form of'lamp-i'rame to which we have applied our improvements (except Fig. S) is in general structure like those in common use; but as the play of the positive-electrode holder ot' ourdevice is very liinitedand the length of 55 our electromagnet is Inuch diminished the frame is correspondingly shortened.

Ais the cap, of ebonite or other non-conducting material, to which is suspended the curved metal frame B and helix C. lVithin 6o the helix a soft-iron core, D, is suspended by chains'or cords d, which pass over pulleys d', journaled in standards, which are secured on top ot' cap A. To the outer ends ofthe chains or cords are attached weights d2 to nearly 65 counterpoise the weight ofthe core and its attachments. The top ofthe core is capped with ebonite to insulate it from the chains.

In the bottom of frame I3, directly below the core D, is the customary socket for the reeep- 7o tion of the negative electrode. A ring or collar, e, which is secured to the lower end of core D by a bayonetjoint orother suitable means, has two rods, E E, depending from it upon opposite sides, and secured to the lower ends ot' 75 these rods is a metal disk, F. The rodsE pass through bosses projecting from the upper side of disk F, and secured by set-screwsf. The rods are insulated by a bushing of asbestus or othersuitablenon-conductingmaterialbetween 8o them and the bosses.

From the under side of disk F three lingers.

G, ot' platinum or other material capable ot' resisting a high degree of heat, incline inward to receive and support the positive electrode II. For this purpose the endsjoi' the lingers should be equidistant from the axis et' the electrodes, and in a circular path of less diameter than the carbon H, so that'they grasp it around thetapering part. New, as the car- 9o bon is consumed in use it still retains the same tapering form at the point. It will therefore be fed regularly downward by its own weight as it burns away, andthe distance between the point ofthe carbon and the lingers Cr remains the same until the carbon is consumed.

The rods E have hooks projecting from them, upon which are suspended frames carrying contact-rollers J J. These rollers pass through loops in rods E, and have grooved ma peripheries to bear against the electrode H.

The disk F serves as a shield to prevent the particles of carbon thrown off by combustion from rising and adhering to the rollers J. The purposeot' making these rollers and theirframes detachable is for convenience in cleaning their grooved peripheries, so as to insure perfect contact between the rollers and positive electrede.

Above the electrodeHis a follower, K, which is guided b v the rods E. rlhe follower has a long boss, k, upon one side, through which one ofthe rods E loosely passes. The'opposite side of the follower has a notch to receive the opposite rod E. The follower is beveled upon the under side, and is insulated from the carbon by a cap or washer of ebonite. As the carbon feeds itselfdown the follower K travels with it; but being beveled, so that the top side of the carbon opposite the boss k only touches the under side of the follower,any inclination of the carbon to rise will lock the follower. The point of the positive carbon will thus be held in the same position relative to the ting-ers G.

Instead ofthe follower K, a weight might be substituted; but this would not be so good, because the weight that would bejust sufficient to keep the full carbon in place would be too light when the carbon is partially consumed.

It is also obvious that instead of the rods or frame E a tube might be used, the opposite sides ofthe same being slotted to permit the rollers J J to touch the carbon H; and instead of the rollersJ stationary contact-surfaces may he substituted to conduct the electricity to the carbon H near the point.

In Fig. 8 is shown how our improvements may be applied to a bracket-lamp or a headlight for vessels, &c. The cap A is attached to any suitable support and the rod E rigidly attached to it. The helix U is supported upon top of the cap. To the top of the core D is hinged the leverrod E2. This rod is fulcrumed at e in the rod E. rlhe journal-pin and the joint between the rods E and E2 are hushed with ebonite to insulate the rods from each other.

To the outer end of rod E is the customary holder for the negative electrode, (which in this case should be non-combustible.) The end ofsrod E2 is bent to be vertically above the negative, and the attachments shown in Fig. 4l are secured to the downwardly-bent end, substantially as they are to the core in the hanging lamp. The operation of the lamps is the same.

lt will be seen that when anon-combustible negative electrode is used-as,for instance, the ordinaryiridiumoriridium-tipped electrodesthe play of the core D 1s very limited, and when carbons are used for both electrodes the play is only equal to the length of the negative, so that our lamps are very compact n form and can be made much cheaper than any in use; and in our lamp the electricity is conducted to nea-r the arc, and is not therefore re sisted by passing through the entire carbon.

. W'e therefore use naked earbons for our positive Aelectrode instead of the copper-plated ones generally used with other lamps.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isw

l. A carbon-holder for electric lamps having an insulated section constructed to grasp the carbon at the tapered portion of the same and permit it to pass down as the carbon is consumed. v

2. The combination,in an electriclamp, ofan electrc-magnethavingacarbon-holderaltached to the core of the same, said holder having an insulated section constructed to grasp thel car! bon at the tapered portion thereof with the electrodes of an arc lamp, substantially as specified.

3. In an electriclamp, the combination ofa non-combustible negative electrode with a carbon-holder having an insulated section constructed to grasp the positive electrode at the tapered portion of the same, said holder being' attached to the core of an electromagnet, substanti-ally as specified.

4. In an electriclamp, the combination, snbstantially as hereinbefore set. forth, of an electro-magnet with a carbonholder, consisting ot' frame E E and fingers Gr, suitably connected to but insulated from said frame, said holder being attached to the core of the magnet.

5. The carbon-holder consisting of frame E E, ring or disk F, connected to but insulated from said frame, fingers G, and the tapered electrode H, in combination with a follower, as K, to retain the electrode in contact with said iin gers.

6. The combination of a carbon-holder having an insulated section constructed to grasp the carbon at the tapered portion thereof, with contact-wheels, as J, held in electrical contact with the carbon, near the tapered end of the same, for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the electrode H, a holder grasping the said electrode at the tapered end, with wheels J iu electrical con nection with the said electrode, near the tapered end, and the disk F to protect the wheels from the particles of carbon arising from the combustion of the electrode.

8. The combination, as specified, of an electro-magnet, a carbon-holder attached to the core of the magnet, and having an insulated section constructed to hold the positive electrode at. 'the tapered portion ot' the same, with the weights d2, pulleys d/,and chains dto counterbalance the weight of the said core and carbon-holder.

9. rlhe combination, substantially as specitied, of a short electromagnet, a carbon-holder consisting of a frame or tube, attached to the core of said magnet, and havinginsulated iingers Gr at the lower end ot' said frame to grasp a combustible positive electrode, with a noncombustible negative electrode of iridium or other material capable of resisting a high degree of heat.

l0. The combination, as specified, of the rods E E, having loops to pass the wheels J J,

IOO

IIO

and hooks I, with Wheels J and their frames detachahly suspended from said hooks, for the pendent ot' the action ot the current upon the holder,and having,` the part for conducting,` the electric current to the carbon applied to the carbon, near the point thereof.

13. In an electric light, the combination of a carbon-holder regulated by means or with the aid ot the current, anda carbon having` a` movement in the holder independent of the action of the current upon the holder, said holder having one or more fingers for retainingl the carbon, said ngers being,` insulated from the current.

14. In an electric light, the combination ot' a carbonholder regulated by means or with the aid ot' the current, and a carbon having` a movement in the holder independent ot' the current upon the holder, said holder having insulated fingers for retaining the carbon, and suitable means for cond ucting the electric current to the carbon, near the point thereof.

CAD

15. A carbon-holder the carbon in which has a movement in the insulated holding device independent ot' the electric current, and the part for conducting the electric current to the carbon applied to the carbon, near the end thereof'.

16. An electrode, J, through which the current passes to the carbon, movable toward and from the carbon, the insulated. retaining-fingers to hold and feed the carbon, in combination with a frame for supporting both the electrode and said retainingtingers.

17. A carbon-holder having; an electrode attached thereto, and retaining-fingers insulated, for the purpose described.

18. The combination of the carbon-holder e E E F, the retaining-fingers Gr, and the insulatin'g substance interposed between said tingers and part E, substantiall \7 as described.

19. An electrode-holder having the retaining finger or fingers insulated for the purpose ot' preventing the electric current from passing to the carbon through the fingers, and having the part through which the current is transmitted to the carbon arranged to bear upon the carbon, at the side thereof.

\VILLIAM L. DUDLEY. CHRISTIAN F. RAPP.

Witnesses:

Guo. J. MURRAY, SOL. H. WOLF.