US324978A

US324978A - Arc-lamp

Info

Publication number: US324978A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 1902-08-25

Description

-2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

A. H. BOWMAN.

ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug. 25, 1885.

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` 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.. A. H. BOWMAN.

ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug. 25, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER H. BOWMAN, OF PACKERTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

ARC-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 324,978, dated August 25I 1885.

Application filed March 19, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER H. Bow- MAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Packerton, in the county of Carbon and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arc- Lamps, of which the following` is a specifica tion.

My invention relates to the clutch of an arclamp, to the device for making electrical connection with the carbon-holder, to the forms and disposition of the lever-connections for operating the clutch, and to minor points of detail. Y

Accordingly, my invention consists in certain novel constructions and combinations of devices, which will be hereinafter particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and definitely pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are a side view of the frame and fixtures of the lamp with the regulating device or mechanism omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. l being a view of the upper portion and Fig. 2 of the lower portion of said frame and fixtures. Figs. 3 and 4 are two side views, the one at right angles to the other, of a device for regulating automatically the distance between the electrodes.

The principal part of' said device is the clutch shown in section in Fig. 5. A portion of this clutch (not very clearly shown in Fig. 5) is shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 7 is a top view of a portion of Fig. 3, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Referring now to the figures in general, where like letters represent like parts, A is a casting of brass or other suitable metal, and is the foundation to which all other parts are attached either directly or indirectly. B is a cover adapted to be screwed upon the portion A, the latter being provided accordingly with the screw-thread G. When the cover B is screwed upon the frame A, two surfaces come in contact at a. A washer may be put between; but I prefer to grind the surfaces so as to obtain a joint as air-tight, at least, as that between the surfaces of an ordinary air-pump plate and its receiver. Under this cover is .contained the regulating device, which isv thereby protected from. injury, and at the same time is inclosed from the outside atmosphere. The said cover is provided with a ring, D, by which the lamp may be carried or suspended from any xed hook or other suitable support. The cover is narrowed at the upper portion, as shown, and is of sufiicient length to allow rooni for the movements of the upper-electrode holder E,which is itself tubular,and isy adapted to move up and down in a tube, F, closed at its upper end by the screwplug b, and continuous with the tube F, open at its lower end, c, said lower end being attached in any suitable manner to lower part of frame A. The upper tube, F', is screwed into the nut d, which is fixed to the frame A.

The upper portion, F', has attached to the screw-plug b two heavy wires twisted together except at the ends, which are shown at e, and which are so spread apart as to press against the linner surface of the inner tube or carbon-holder, E, and make electrical contact therewith. At the same time this arrangement allows not only electrical contact to be made between the wires and the carbon-holder in the position shown, but it also allows electrical contact to be made even when the said holder occupies any of the positions for which it is adapted. The frame A is electrically connected to one pole of the generator, so that the current enters the carbon-holder E through the ends e of the doubly-twisted wire, which is electrically connected to the said frame through the outer tube, F. The ends e make definite and constant contact between the outer tube and the carbon-holder, and much better than if the contact between said holder and said tube were alone depended upon.

The connections between the carbon ehetrodes and their respective holders are made in well-known manner, as shown at I and J, while the lower-carbon holder is supported from the frame A by means of rods f and g, which are supported from the frame A by nuts h and c.

It is unnecessary to go into any further explanation as to how the circuit is distributed throughthe lamp, further than to mention that the lower magnet, T, in Figs. 3 and 4 is in a shunt around the arc, and the magnet T in the upper part of Figs. 3 and 4 is in the main circuit with the arc. The connections to the carbon electrodes and to the said inagnets have nothing to do with my invention, and therefore all reference thereto is avoided. The incosing glass globe O is supported byitslower .grlound edge upon thehollowed ground metallic piece l?, and at its upper edge, which is also ground perfectly flat,to the ground lower surface of the frame A. These two contactsurfaces are shown atm and n.

Q represents anut, which,when screwed upon the lower-carbon holder It, causes these contactsurfaccs to be pressed together and form a practically air-tight joint.

The globe O, in combination with the cover B, forms an entirely practically air-tight chamber, and the only opening between the two is by means of holes p in the tube F. In these holes arelocated little studs or pins q, which are automaticall y adapted to press against or move away from the carbon-holder E.

The reader is now introduced to an explanation of the mechanism of thelamp. The plugs q are best seen in Fig. 6, and consist of small cylindrical pieces with a groove cut along one side to receive Vertical and fixed pins'r. This construction allows the movement of the plugs to and from the carbon-holder E, the pins o' being attached to the conical collar S, which is supported by thesaid plugs q, whose ends rest upon the edges of theholes p. The plugs gare preferably provided with roughened ends. The conical collar S is surrounded by a second conical collar, S', whose movements upward and downward simultaneously push the plugs q against the carbon-holder E, and raise the said holder more and more or less and less, according to the extent of movement given to the collar. To this end the holes p are larger than the plugs, so that the plugs together with the carbonholder may be moved upwardly. Vhen the collar S is allowed to fall, the plugs 1 loosen their grip and allow the carbon-holder to fall also to a distance which depends upon the length of time during which the collar S does not press inwardly the plugs q. There are only two plugs shown 5 but there may be any number desired.

The device just described forms the clutch used in my lamp, and may therefore be said to consist of plugs loosely supported in a conical collar and adapted to loosen their grip upon or to grip the carbon-holder, and of a second conical collar surrounding the firstnamed conical collar and adapted by its movements to press the said plugs against the carbon-holder and to lift the said carbon-holder. The clutch is operated by means of springs and levers, in combination with electro-magnets, as will now be described. The magnet T has a pivoted armature, U, which, when not attracted by the magnet, is held away from the same, as shown, by its own weight and a spring, U'. Below the armature is pivoted a double lever made of the two parts w and w', pivoted to each other as well as to the frame A, and shown more clearly in Fig. 7 They are provided with bearings v, adapted to be pivoted to the collar S' by means of the connecting-links o'. One of the levers, w, has an arm, X, fastened at one end to the armature Y, and at the other to a spring, U2. The other part, w', is balanced by two springs, U' U'. A lever, X', has one of its arms curved and provided with a pin, q', which is observed to rest against a cam, this cam being a rigid projection ofthe armature U. The other arm of the lever X is connected by means of alink to the armature Y, so that it is adapted to be moved away from the magnet by the arm X and the spring U" when the armature U is attracted into contact with the magnet, as it is all the time the current passes through the lamp. Any increase in the strength of the shunt-magnet T attracts the armature Y, operates the levers w and w' by means of the arm X, and therefore lets fall the conical collar S' for an instant. During this instant the pins q lose their grip, and the carbon-holder E falls until the current in the shunt is decreased sufficiently to allow the lever Y to resume its original position and hold the carbon by means of the mechanism with which said armature is connected. The collar S is caused to be more definite in its downward movement when released by the collar S' by means ofthe spring UV.

Having described my invention, what I desire to claim in Letters Patent isl. In combination with the 'frame of an arclamp, atube, F, fixed to said frame and provided with holes p, a closed tube, F', continuous with the tube F, a doubly-twisted wire attached to the upper end of' the tube F and provided with the two ends e, not twisted, and the tubular carbonholder E, fitting loosely in the continuous tube formed of the two tubes F and F', and fitting tightly upon the ends e of the said doublytwisted wire, substantially as described.

2. As a part of an arclamp, a clutch consisting of a conical collar, S, provided with plugs q, adapted to press endwise against the carbon-holder and to be released from pressing against said carbon-holder, and of the said conical collar S', fitting loosely upon the firstmentioned conical collar, and adapted by its movements to press the said plugs q against the said carbonholder, substantially as described.

3. In an arc-lamp, a clutch consisting of two conical collars, the one fitting loosely upon the other, and the inner one tting loosely upon a tube which incloses the carbon-holder, and being provided with plugs which press more or less through holes in the tube surrounding the carbon-holder, according to the position of the said outer conical collar.

4. In an arc-lamp, the combination of the pivoted main magnet-armature U,the lever X', having a projection, q', resting against an arm attached to the said armature, and having a link-connection with the armature Y of the shunt-magnet T', and the lever X, connected rigidly to the armature of said shunt-magnet IOO IlO

and at or near its center to the clutch of the carbon-holder by means of suitable levers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an arc-lamp, the two levers 'w and w', pivoted together by a hinge, provided each with grooved projections o, and connected to the clamping device by levers v', the lever w' having a double lever-arm, X, carrying upon its lower end the armature of the shunt-mag net, and being connected at its upper end to the frame work through the medium of a spring, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 12th day of March, 1885.

ALEXANDER H. RowMAN.

Witnesses:

EDWARD l?. THOMPSON, T. COMMERFORD MARTIN.