US2715881A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 23, 1955 F. R. ONEIL ,8

INCINERATOR Filed Feb. 5, 1954 I? Z 5/49 36 26 I0 o E /3 o o 2g 0 o o E .2. L3

FRANK R OWHL,

JNVENTOR.

AGE/V7.-

United States Patent INCINERATOR Frank R. ONeil, Monrovia, Califi, assign 0r of fifty per cent to Robert J. OHare, Santa Monica, Cahf.

Application February 3, 1954, Serial No. 407,926

Claims. (Cl. 11018) The present invention relates generally to an incinerator and relates more specifically to a new type of mcmerator incorporating means for increasing the efiiciency of combustion therein.

For the past several years, an increasingly serious problem has arisen in certain specific areas relative to the need to reduce the amount of smoke and haze in the atmosphere. severe eye smarting, physical sickness and often nausea, the collection of such particles of smoke and other polutants in the atmosphere and the concentration thereof 2,715,88l C6 Patented Aug. 23, 1955 the ash receiver for the present incinerator.

Referring to the drawing by reference characters, the incinerator mechanism of the present invention is shown as indicated generally at 10.

As shown, the incinerator includes a substantially I square, vertically elongated fire pot 11 that is enclosed within a plurality of sidewalls 12. The walls 12 may be of any suitable material such as metal, ceramic tile, brick or the like without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The upper end of the incinerator is inwardly tapered as at 13 to form a flue 14 to conduct Such smoke and haze frequently causes being due partially to abnormal temperature and weather conditions existing in parts of the world. Many attempts have been made to eliminate such particles of smoke, haze and polutants from the atmosphere by reducing the disposition of such polutants at their source. It has been reliably determined that the source of these polutants is in connection with major industry, from automobiles and other vehicles and from various types of incinerators and other means for burning combustible waste.

With an ever increasing population, and with the necessity for home owners to dispose of combustible waste materials, the use of both commercial and home type incinerators has grown in popularity. However, it has been found that, in a great number of cases, incomplete combustion of combustible waste material causes considerable smoldering in incinerators, thus creating much the products of combustion from the fire pot. These products of combustion are exhausted through a suitable stack 15 having a customary cover 16 supported on suitable webs 17.

The lower end of the fire pot is enclosed by a screen A 18 that may be supported on suitable structural angle smoke and small particles to add to the polutants in the 2 atmosphere. It is well known that efiicient burning of combustible waste material or other products is more etficiently handled when sufiicient air and oxygen is available to cause complete oxidation of the waste material.

The present invention proposes a specific type of incinerator structure that may be used for either home or industrial use in which means are provided to efficiently burn waste material or the like.

It is accordingly one object of the present invention to provide an incinerator having features of novelty to permit complete and efiicient combustion of waste material or the like in order to overcome the beforementioned difiiculties and disadvantages of prior devices.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a specific incinerator structure wherein self-contained and novel means are provided to induce a flow of air into a fire pot of the incinerator, thereby to increase the eflFective combustion therein.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel incinerator structure incorporating a fan for delivering air to a fire pot thereof, said fan being driven by a turbine operatively connected thereto, the turbine being disposed in such a manner relative to the fire pot to be driven by heated gases issued therefrom.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide an incinerator having novel means for increasing the efiective combustion therein wherein the operating portions thereof are simple in construction, relatively inexpensive in manufacture and efiicient in operation.

members 19 which extend about the base of the fire pot and provide a stiffening means therefor. The lower end of the portion 12 which surrounds the fire pot 11 is supported on a plurality of legs 19', there being angular spacing members 20 disposed intermediate the legs 19 for reception of an ash receiver 21 that is in the form of a drawer, having a handle 22, so that it may be removed to clean ashes therefrom.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the ash receiver 21 is provided with a centrally disposed outwardly extending sleeve in the form of an inverted cone 23 so that air may be admitted to the fire pot as shown by the direction of the arrows 24.

As shown primarily in Fig. 1, the receiver is provided with an elongated vertically extending tube 25 that is positioned axially within the center of the incinerator. This tube is reduced in diameter as by a cone 26 on the upper end thereof and provided with a plurality of openings or perforations 27 that are spaced at intervals throughout the length of the tube. The lower end of the tube 25 is secured as by welding or the like to the bottom screen 18, the upper end being secured as by welding or the like to an upper screen 28 that extends across the flue 14 within the portion defined by the inwardly directed sides 13. Under normal operating conditions, air is drawn in through the opening 23 and the ash receiver 21 through the interior of tube 25 and out through the perforations 27 into the interior of the fire pot 11. This action is effected by the rising heat of combustion from the fire pot 11. In order to increase the flow of air through the sleeve 23 and tube 25, together with the openings 27, an elongated shaft 29 is positioned axially within the tube 25 and supported for rotation at its upper end as by suitable bearings 30, which are received in webs 31, the webs 31 extending outwardly and being secured to the frame structure of the incinerator. The lower end of the shaft 29 is drilled in a suitable bearing 32. As shown, the shaft 29 extends substantially above the upper screen 28 and has a turbine wheel 33 secured as by any suitable means to the shaft 29 at a point immediately upwardly adjacent the screen 28. The lower end of the shaft 29 is fitted with a fan 34 at a point adjacent the bearing 32 and within the lower end of the tube 25. The blades of the turbine 33 extend outwardly beyond the periphery of the tube 25 to occupy substantially the entire cross-sectional area of the flue 14 adjacent the turbine 33 and serve to rotate the shaft 29 and fan 34 when the heated products of combustion impinge thereupon. It maybe seen that the action is thus to force additional air into the tube 25 and out through the openings or perforations 27, thereby to add additional oxygen to the fire pot 11 and increase the effective combustion therein.

In order to prevent the air being forced through the tube 25 by the fan 34 from being merely exhausted from the upper .end of the tube 25 and to insure the passage of a major portion'of this air outwardly into the fire pot 11, the reduced diameter portion 26 of the tube 25 serves to create a back pressure within the tube 25, thereby to force air out through the openings 27 along substantially the entire length of the fire pot 11.

It may thus be seen that when waste material is inserted within the incinerator through a suitable door or opening 35, which islhingedly secured to the upper portion of the incinerator as at 36,this material may gather as indicated at 37 and rest against the screen 18. As soon as combustion is initiated as by any well known means, the issuance of hot exhaust gases and products of combustion over the turbine wheel 33 will cause rotation of the fan 34 to force additional air into the fire pot 11 and also through the combustible material as indicated by the arrows 38, thereby to cause complete combustion of the Waste material and reduce the amount of smoke that would normally issue from the incinerator inthe absence of such forced air feeding thereto.

It may be seen that the turbine wheel 33 is substantially larger in diameter than the fan 34 and that the fan 34 is positioned in the lower end of the tube 25. By so positioning thefan 34 within the tube 25 and thus shrouding the fan, best use is made of the fan blading in drawing the air inwardly through the conical sleeve 23 in the ash receiver 21 and through the tube 25.

Having thus described the invention and the present embodiment thereof, it is desired to emphasize the fact that many modifications may be resorted to in a manner limited only by a just interpretation of the following claims.

I claim:

1. An incinerator'comprising: a fire pot; a perforated tube extending vertically through said fire pot, the upper and lower ends of said tube being open; a flue connected to the upper end of said fire pot, said upper end of said tube being disposed in said flue; means providing communication between the lower end "of said tube and atmosphere; an elongated shaft disposed axially within said tube and extending beyond the upper end of said tube; bearings positioned for rotatably supporting said shaft; a turbine wheel mounted on the upper end of said tube is provided with a reduced diameter upper end whereby to cause a back pressure within said tube and in turn cause said forced air to be delivered to said fire pot.

3. An incinerator according to claim 1 wherein said fan is mounted within a lower end of said tube and shrouded by said tube.

4. An incinerator according to claim 2 wherein said turbine wheel is substantially larger in diameter than said fan wheel and extends substantially across the entire cross-sectional area of said flue.

5. An incinerator comprising, in combination: 3. rectangular fire pot; a perforated tube extending vertically through said fire pot, said tube being provided with a reduced diameter upper end, the upper and lower ends of said tube being open, said upper end being of a smaller diameter than said lower end; a flue connected to the upper end of said fire pot, said upper end of said tube being disposed in said flue; an elongated shaft disposed axially within said tube and extending beyond the upper end of said tube; bearings positioned for rotatably supporting said shaft within said tube; a bladed turbine Wheel secured to the upper end of said shaft, positioned in said flue and adapted to be rotated by gases passing through said flue; a bladed fan secured to the lower end of said shaft, said fan being adapted to force air upwardly through said tube and outwardly through said perforations in said tube and into said fire pot thereby to facilitate combustion therein, said fan being smaller in diameter than said turbine wheel and shrouded by a lower end of said tube; a screen forming a bottom for said fire pot, a removable ash receiver positioned below said screen; and a sleeve defining an opening in said ash receiver for admitting air to said tube, said sleeve having a conical configuration, the outer end of which communicateswith atmosphere.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 906,439 Lewis Dec. 8, 1908 1,110,890 Cappelen Sept. 15, 1914 1,596,204 Martin Aug. 17, 1926 1,947,836 Fahlstrom Feb. 20, 1934 2,427,480 'Waterman Sept. 16, 1947 2,666,403- Polk Jan. 19, 1954

Images