Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
  • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
  • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
  • B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
  • B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
  • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
  • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
  • B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
  • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
  • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
  • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
  • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
  • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
  • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]

Definitions

• This invention relates to welding steel, i. e., steel which can be weld-deposited, which has important improved characteristics. Our improved welding steel is superior to previously existing welding steels in developing surface hardness and has other superior properties.
• Austenitic steels of a number of analyses have been used successfully for hard facing applications.
• the steels suitable for such use being austenitic or largely so, have a relatively low level of hardness as deposited but have the property of work hardening under impact to higher surface hardness levels which resist wear.
• the utility of such steels to resist wear therefore depends upon (1) the original hardness level; (2) the speed with which hardness is increased under impact; and (3) the level of increased hardness produced under impact.
• An undesirable property in such steels for many applications is the property of deforming or squashing down which the steel undergoes in developing its hardened surface. That property is especially undesirable in applications such as deposits on rail ends, switch frogs, etc., in which the metal should remain standing up in place as it develops its hard surface.
• Table I is a tabulation of the properties of three known alloy steels numbered consecutively from 1 to 3, inclusive. They are typical austenitic type alloy welding steels now widely used for hard surfacing. No. 1, sold under various names including Hardalloy 118, is a nickel-manganese steel based on the old Hadfield steel analyses (similar steels are being used with molybdenum at the relatively low level of approximately 1% substituted for all of the nickel and with properties rather similar to the nickelmanganese alloys). The physical properties appearing in the table show that the metal is quite soft as deposited with a yield strength of less than half the tensile strength. Under impact the surface hardness of the metal increases.
• a laboratory test which has been developed for such materials is to subject a standard sample rod to 2500 blows of foot-pounds each.
• the hardness of the pounded metal is compared with the initial value to show the rate of increase, and the amount of squashing down which has occurred is also measured.
• the final hardness shown under the hammer test values would continue to increase, if the test were continued, to a maximum value between and Rc at 80,000 blows.
• the additional squashing which would occur after the first 2500 blows is negligible as compared with the squashing effected by the first 2500 blows.
• the l-lardallay 118 went from a surface hardness of 13 Re to 39 Re and at the same time the standard specimen decreased .068 in height.
• Table II shows the results of tests made with certain improved welding steels which we have developed.
• n A Jr a Referring to steel No. 6 of Table H, with that analysis steel vanadium is approximately twice as powerful as pound test values and hardness levels before and after molybdenum. Tungsten and columbium can be subpounding are approximately the same as for the modified stituted respectively for all or part of the molybdenum 188 type (Nos. 2 and 3 of Table I) but the tensile and vanadium. The limits for molybdenum and/or strength, yield strength and elongation are much im- 6 tungsten plus 2 vanadium and/or columbium are set as proved. a function of the carbon content by positive values of Steels Nos. 4 and 5 of Table II, which we developed, the expressions given; negative values are treated as zero.
• the austenitizers copfound to be most useful and show that while the properper and cobalt may be present in limited quantities. ties vary somewhatahigh general level is maintained over lU Silicon will normally be present in quantities up to 1.5 the ranges evidenced. or even 2% since it is present in the commercial ma-
• the chromium terial available as core wire and is usually used as a content of the welding steel should be in the range deoxidizer in the coatings of coated welding electrodes.
• Ni Q to 4% The first is the balance between the austenitizers (C, Mn, N Mn-i-ZNi 13 to 22%, Ni, N) and ferritizers (Cr, W, Mo, Cb, V). This balan Cr 11 to 21%. must be adequate to produce a strong matrix. With all N 0 to 30%, the austenitizers near the low limits of their ranges and Mo and/0r W 0 to 5%. the ferritizers near the high limits of their ranges the V and/or Cb 0 to 2%.
• C stands for the per cent. of carbon in the welding steel and only positive values of such expressions are significant, negative values being treated as Zero; the balance, except for impurities which do not substantially affect the properties of the steel, being iron.
• An article comprising a structure having welded thereto a deposit which under impact develops high surface hardness without excessive shrinkage having substantially the following composition:
• C stands for the per cent. of carbon in the welding steel and only positive values of the expression C-.70 are significanhnegative values being treated as zero; the balance, except for impurities which do not substantially afieet the properties of the steel, being iron.
• An article comprising a structure having welded lit thereto a deposit which under impact develops high surface hardness without excessive shrinkage having substantially the following composition:
• C stands for the per cent. of carbon in the Welding steel and only positive values of such expressions are significant, negative values being treated as zero; the balance, except for impurities which do not substantially affect the properties of the steel, being iron.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Arc Welding In General (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=23852627

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (9)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (3)

• 0
  • BE BE542504D patent/BE542504A/xx unknown
• 1954
  • 1954-11-03 US US466661A patent/US2711959A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1955
  • 1955-10-31 FR FR1134233D patent/FR1134233A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1955-11-02 GB GB31395/55A patent/GB785808A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (3)

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