US271091A - Ejector for magazine-guns - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. M. MARLIN.

EJEGTOR r011 MAGAZINE GUNS.

No. 271,091. Patented Jan.23, 1883.

- 2 Shee-ts-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. M; MARLIN.

EJBUTOR FOR MAGAZINE GUNS.

No. 271,091. Patented Jan.23, 1883.

NITED STATES PATENT Erica.

JOHN M. MARLIN, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,091, dated January 23, 1883.

a Application filed November 23, 1881. (No model.)

T 0 all whom ttmay concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. MARLIN, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and Stateof Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement iii-Magazine Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declarethe following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters ofreference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent,-in-

Figure l, a sectional side view; Figs. 2 to 13, lnclnsive, detached views.

Th is invention relates to an improvement in the class of fire-arms commonly called magazine fire-armsthat is to say, arms in which there is a receptacle for several cartridges to be successively transferred from the receptacle to the chamber in the barrel-and particularly to that class in which the breech-piece is a re ciprocating bolt in axial line with the barrel, such as commonly called bolt guns, the object of the invention being to overcome difficulties in the use of this class of arms-that is to say, the misplacement of the cartridge as it comes from the magazine to the carrier and improvements in other details of construction, more fully hereinafter described.

The general outline of the arm is that in which the breech-piece is moved by means of a lever pivoted upon the under sideot'the receiver, so as to form the trigger-guard when the lever is in its closed or normal position.

A. represents the frame or receiver, which is of usual form for this class of arms; B, the barrel, which is screwed into its position in the forward end of the receiver in the usual manner; C, the bolt or breech-piece, arranged in substantially axial line with the barrel, and so as to be moved rearward from the barrel and forward toward the barrel to close the breech by means of a lever, D, hung upon a pivot, E, in thereceiver, below the breech-piece, the upper arm, F, of the lever engaging the bolt, so that as the lever is turned downward it will throw the arm F backward, and with it take the bolt from its position to close the barrel back into position to open the breech in the usual manner-that is to say, as from the position in Fig. l to that seen in Fig. 2.

G is the carrier, pivoted in rear of the pivot of the lever, as at a, the lever working through v a slot in the carrier, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4.

Above the pivot of the carrier is a hearing, 1), against which the lever F will strike when turned, as seen in Fig. 2; and during the last part of the opening movement of the lever the arm F of that lever, striking the bearing I), will turn the rear end of the carrier downward, and raise the forward end'accordingly, as seen in Fig. 2. The carrier, when down in its normal position, as seen in Fig. 1, is in line with the magazineH, so that the cartridges in the magazine will be pressed rearward, so that the last or rearmost cartridge in the magazine will be forced backward into the carrier, and when the lever is turned to draw back the breech piece it will, after the breech-piece has been drawn back, raise the carrier to present the cartridge so forced from the magazine in line with the barrel, and so that when the lever is turned to force the breech-piece forward toward the barrel the breech-piece will strike the head of the cartridge in the carrier and press it forward into the chamber of the arm in the usual manner.

As the cartridge comes onto the carrier it is necessarily moved under the force of the spring of the magazine. Hence it is quick, and so quick as to be liable to be displaced by throwing it upward and in front of the breech-piece out of proper line, so that it will not lie in its necessary position in the carrier. To obviate this difliculty springs have been attached to the carrier which would press transversely inward over the cartridge, so as to hold the cartridge down upon its seat in the carrier, and so as to prevent the accidental displacement of the cartridge, either by the impulse given to it by the spring of the magazine, or because of the position of the arm-that is to say, if per chance the arm should be inverted when the transfer was made the cartridge would of its own weight tip toward the breech-piece, so as to either fall from the arm or become so displaced as to be not in proper position for insertion to the arm, and therefore interfere with such proper insertion. The springs attached to the carrier are objectionable, because of their liability to break or not perform their required oiiice.

make the two cheeks d (1 separate the one from the other, but united at the rear; or, as

To avoid this difticulty I divide V the carrier longitudinallythat is to say, I

may be, perhaps, better described, two arms, at I d, extend forward from the pivot to form the carrier, and between these arms the arm F of theleverworks. The spacebetween theforward portion of the arm-that is to say, forward of the point 0, (see Figs. 3 and 4,)is narrower than the width of the arm F of the lever, and at the point e is a shoulder over which the arm F may pass. Hence as the lever stands in its closed position, as in Fig. 3, it is between the forward portions of the arms d d, and is of sufficient width to force them asunder sufficiently far to permit the head or flange of the cartridge to pass between the cheeks; but when the lever is opened, as seen in Fig. 2, it passes to the rear of the shoulder e, as seen in Fig. 4, which permits the two parts d d of the carrier to approach each other by their own elasticity, as seen in Fig. 4. In that condition the space between the cheeks of the carrier is less than the diameter of the cartridge. Before the lever reaches its position in rear of the shoulder e-that is, while it is passing to that position from the position seen in Fig. 3- the cartridge follows the opening of the breechpiece onto 'the carrier between the cheeks of the carrier, and when the head or flange has passed beyond the cheeks, then the arm F of the lever passes to the rear of the shoulder e and the two parts of the carrier spring together,

closing over the cartridge, as seen in Fig. 5. Af-

ter the lever has passed the shoulder e on the two parts of the carrier it then strikes the bearingb and raises the forward end of the carrier intoits position in rearof the barrel, so that the cartridge which is held between the checks of the carrier will be substantially in line with the barrel, the cheeks of the carrier, as seen in Fig. 5, overhanging the cartridge, so that it cannot by any possibility escape or pass out, even if the arm be inverted; but when the leveris returned to force the breech-piece forward, and with it the cartridge from the carrier, thearm F, striking upon the inclined shoulder 6 of the two parts. of the carrier, forces them asunder sufficiently far to permit the head or flange of the cartridge to pass between the cheeks of the forward end of the carrier, and so that the complete closing of the breechpiece forces the cartridge originally in the grasp of the carrier directly into the chamber of the barrel, leaving the checks of the carrier open, and in which condition the carrier is forced downward from its position of presen tation to the chamber of the barrel to the magazine in the usual manner-that is to say, the arm F of the lever striking a bearin g, f, on the carrier. By this construction the cartridge will enter upon the carrier and be there held in such a conditionthatit cannot be accidentally displaced.

At this point I would say that I am aware that a divided carrier has heretofore been constructed, this part of my invention being limited to the method of or construction by which the two parts or cheeks of the carrier are opened-that is to say, simply by the upper arm, F, of the lever. In this class of arms the magazine is usually charged through the side of the receiver, as through an opening, I. (See Figs: 6, 7, and 8.) This opening is usually closed by a plate upon the inside of the receiver, which is depressed or forced inward to permit the introduction of the cartridge through the openinginto'the magazine. Such introduction of the cartridge necessitates considerahle pressure upon the cover or plate in order to open the passage to the receiver. To overcome this difficulty 1- construct the cover L to be applied to the outside of the receiver, and pivoted in rear of the opening, as at h, (see Fig. 6,) and so that this cover may be turned upward, as in broken lines, Fig. 6, (or may be downward,) to expose the opening in the receiver. The tail part L is made elastic, so as to practically apply spring-pressure upon the cover toward the-surface of the receiver to hold it in close position when closed. Upon the inside the cover L extends into the opening 1 in the receiver, so as to form a part of the inner wall of the receiver when the cover is closed, as seen in Figs. 7 and 8. The upper edge of the cover is inclined inward, as at t'. Figs. 7 and 8, so that as the cover is pressed upward, as in opening, the incline willw'ork against the upper edge of the openingand serve to force the cover outward sufliciently far to permit it to pass onto the outer surface of the receiver, as seen in Fig. 8. Then when the cover is brought back to place the spring of the tail part serves to force the cover down to its closed and close position. The cover should be provided with a ledge or thumb-piece, k, as a convenient means for moving it.

Usually the magazine is charged when the parts are in their normal position-that is to say, when the breech-piece is closed and the carrier down but it sometimes occurs that the user of the arm desires to inserta cartridge to the magazine while the carrier-block is up thatis, when the breech is open. Usually when the arm is in this open condition the carrierblock itself forms an obstruction between the opening in the side of the receiver and the magazine, so that it is impossible to insert a too cartridge to the magazine when the arm is in i that condition. To overcome this difficulty I cut awaythe lower edge of the carrier next the opening in the receiver, as at m, Figs. 8 and 9. By thus cutting away the lower forward portion of the carrier-that is, that part of it which lies directly inside the opening I in the receiver-+1 remove the obstruction which the carrier-block ordinarily offers to the insertion of the cartridges through the opening in the receiver to the magazine when the parts are in their open condition.

When the carrier returns into itsposition in rear of the magazine, after having been delivered of a cartridge, the next or rearmost cartridge is immediately thrown to the rear, and toward or onto the carrier-block; but as there is necessarily considerable play of the cartridge its head is liable to rise too high for itto properly enterthe carrier when the breechpiece retreats. To overcome this difficulty I construct the breech-piece with a shoulder; n, upon its face, substantially in line with the upper side or highest point of the magazine. This shoulder I make by projection or projections n forward from the breech-piece, as seen in Figs. and12. There is an arm, P, which extends down from the breech-piece, so as to form a stop in rearof the magazine, and against which the cartridge-heads will strike. The shoulder lies above the head of the cartridge, which follows the breech-piece in its rear movement, and hence prevents that head from rising out of its proper line and insures its seat in the carrier.

The extractor-hook 1" is arranged on the top of the breech-piece in the usual manner, as seen in Figs. 11, 12, and 13. I The extractorhook engages the flangeof the cartridge when the breech-piece is closed, in substantially the usual manner, and holds it until the cartridge is withdrawn. To relieve the cartridge from the grasp of the extractor-hook 1' when it shall have been withdrawn, I arrange a cradle, s,

beneath the extractor-hook, as seen in Fig. 10, and forward of the point at which the extractor is attached to the breech-piece. When in its normal condition the spring of the hook presses the cradle into its horizontal or flat position, as seen in Fig. 10. From the cradle a projection or projectionsfl, extend up upon one or both sides ofthe extractonhook, as seen in Fig. 13, and above the hook as seen in Fig. 10, this projection being on the rear part of the cradle, and so that when the breeclrpiece is withdrawn this projection or projections it from the cradle will pass beneath an incline, u, on the receiver, as seen in Fig. 10, and, continuing its movement, will by such incline be pressed downward, turning the forward edge of the cradle upward, as seen in Fig. 11, this up ward turning of the forward edge of the cradle raising the extractor-hook, as seen in Fig. 11, which leaves the cartridge-head free.

In the arm P, which extends downward from the breech-piece O, the ejector R is hinged, as at to, (see Figs. 11 and 12,) in the usual manner, the ejector being provided with a spring, which will tend to force it outward, as seen in Fig. 11, but which isrcom pressed by the head of the cartridge, as seen in Fig. 10, and so that so soon as the extractor-hook has been raised by the cradle, as before described, the spring will reactand force the ejector forward and outward, as seen in Fig. 11, imparting to the cartridge a force which will eject it from the arm, as indicated in Fig. 11.

I claim- The combination of a longitudinally-reciproeating breech-piece, a spring extractor-hook, 1", the cradle s, seated in the breech-piece beneath the extractor, constructed with projection t upward from the breech-piece, and an incline, u, on the receiver, against which said projections from the cradle will strike during the latter part of the rear movement of the breech-piece to tip the said cradle and raise the extractor-hook, sn bstantially as described.

JOHN M. MARLIN.

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