US2708171A - Method of controlling coating thickness in continuous galvanizing - Google Patents
Method of controlling coating thickness in continuous galvanizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2708171A US2708171A US297697A US29769752A US2708171A US 2708171 A US2708171 A US 2708171A US 297697 A US297697 A US 297697A US 29769752 A US29769752 A US 29769752A US 2708171 A US2708171 A US 2708171A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- coating
- bath
- portions
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000221931 Hypomyces rosellus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002402 nanowire electron scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000246 remedial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/19—Wire and cord immersion
Definitions
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of preventing the zinc coating from attaining excessive thickness adjacent the strip edges, which method involves mechanically blowing molten zinc from the edge portions while applying heat thereto and is applicable to conventional existing lines and enables them to operate at higher speeds.
- a more specific object is to provide improved methods of preventing the coating adjacent the strip edges from attaining an excessive thickness by the action of gas flames which mechanically blow away the excess and at the same time heat the strip surface near its edges only and thus maintain these edges for a longer time at the temperature at which they emerge from the bath without appreciably raising their temperature.
- a further object is to provide improved methods of preventing the coating adjacent the strip edges from becoming excessively thick by the combined mechanical action and heating effect of gas jet flames directed downwardly against the surface of the strip adjacent its edges.
- Figure 1 is a top plan view of a galvanizing pot of a continuous line equipped with heating means in accordance with the present invention
- Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line Il--II of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a top plan view similar to Figure 1 but showing a modification
- Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line IVlV of Figure 3.
- Figure 5 is a diagrammatic plan view on a larger scale of the modification of Figure 3 showing more clearly the relative positions of the gas jets and the strip.
- Figures 1 and 2 show somewhat diagrammatically a portion of a continuous galvanizing line which includes a galvanizing pot 10, a sink roll 12 in the lower portion of said pot, a support 13 for said sink roll, and a pair 2,708,17 1 Ce Patented May 10, 1955 of grooved coating rolls 14 and 15.
- the pot contains molten zinc at a temperature of 800 to 875 F. to a level about as indicated in Figure 2, which is approximately the diametric plane of the two coating rolls.
- a continuous steel strip S is led from an annealing furnace, not shown, through an enclosing snout 16, into the pot, around the sink roll and up between the coating rolls.
- the strip surface picks up a zinc coating, the thickness of which is controlled by the coating rolls. After leaving these rolls, the strip passes upward to the top of a cooling tower, not shown, and thence downward to subsequent treating equipment.
- the equipment and process thus far described are well known and therefore are not shown nor described in detail.
- gas burners 17, equipped with control valves 17a are directed downwardly against the strip edges just above the coating rolls. These burners are positioned so that the gas jets emerging therefrom impinge on both faces of the strip adjacent the edges. The flow of gas actually impinges on the coating before combustion takes place. Consequently the gas velocity has a mechanical effect of blowing excess molten zinc downwardly off the strip surface.
- the flames are regulated not to heat the surface of the strip adjacent the edges appreciably above the temperature at which the edges emerge from the coating rolls, but merely to maintain them at this temperature longer than the remainder of the strip.
- the resultant heating of the edge portions prevents formulation of a cobweb structure while maintaining a spangled appearance in the finished product. It is possible also that the heating alone may cause some run ofi of the excess coating adjacent the strip edges and thus combine with the mechanical effect of the jets in eliminating this excess.
- the gas flames do not appreciably raise the temperature of the strip and its coating, or else a nonuniform product would result.
- a nonspangled galvanized product can be produced by heating the strip across its full width to temperatures around 1000" F. as it leaves the bath, which heating alloys the coating with the strip surface.
- the burners do not heat the strip sufiiciently to cause this alloying eiiect.
- Figures 3, 4 and 5 show a modification in which gas burners 18 equipped with control valves 18a are directed downwardly and outwardly against both sides of the strip. This modification enhances the mechanical effect of the jets in blowing away the molten zinc, and also furnishes better control in heating both sides of the strip uniformly.
- a method of controlling the coating thickness and yet maintaining a uniformly Spangled surface across the width of the strip comprising mechanically blowing away excess molten zinc from the portions of the strip surfaces immediately adjacent the side edges as the strip emerges from the coating rolls before the coating solidifies, and simultaneously heating the same portions of the strip, such heating being confined to these portions and controlled to maintain them at the temperature at which they leave the bath for a longer time than the portion of the strip inwardly of. the side edges without appreciably raising the temperature of any portion of the strip above that of the galvanizing bath.
- a method of preventing the zinc coating on the strip from attaining excessive thickness immediately adjacent the side edges of the strip and yet maintaining a uniformly spangled surface across the width of the strip comprising directing gas fiames downwardly against the portions of the strip surface immediately adjacent the side edges as the strip emerges from the coating rolls before the coating solidifies, and thereby both mechanically blowing away excess zinc and heating these portions of the strip, such heating being confined to these portions and controlled to maintain them at the temperature at which they leave the bath for a longer time than the portions of the strip inwardly of the side edges without appreciably raising the temperature of any portion of the strip above that of the galvanizing bath.
Description
y 1955 c. L. INGLEFIELD JR ,708,171
ETHOD OF CONTROLLING COATIN THICKNESS IN CONTINUOUS GALVANIZING Filed July 8, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.
CHARL ES L.|NGLEF|ELD,JR.
HIS ATTORNEY.
y 1955 c. L. INGLEFIELD JR 8, 71
METHOD OF CONTROLLING COATIN THICKNESS IN CONTINUOUS GALVANIZING Filed July 8, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.
CHARL S L.|NGLEFlE-LD,JR.
HIS ATTORNEY.
May 10, 1955 Filed July 8, 1952 c. L. INGLEFIELD JR METHOD OF CONTROLLING coA'rm THICKNESS m commuous GALVANIZING 5 Sheets-Shoat 3 INVENTOR. CHARLES L lNGLEFIELD, JR.
HIS ATTORNEY United States Patent METHOD OF CONTROLLING COATING THICK- NESS IN CONTINUOUS GALVANIZING Charles L. Inglefield, Jr., Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to United States Steel Corporation, a corporation of New Jersey Application July 8, 1952, Serial No. 297,697
3 Claims. (Cl. 117-46) at a temperature of about 800 to 875 F. A continuous steel strip is led into the pot, passes around a sink roll at the lower portion thereof and emerges between a pair of grooved coating rolls at the bath surface. It is known that at higher speeds the coating rolls tend to draw out the coating near the strip edges so that the coating attains a greater thickness adjacent the edges than in the central part of the strip. This tendency produces undesirable variations in both the final strip thickness and its corrosion characteristics, which variations must be minimized to make an acceptable product. This tendency has limited the speed at which such lines can operate to about 100 feet per minute.
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of preventing the zinc coating from attaining excessive thickness adjacent the strip edges, which method involves mechanically blowing molten zinc from the edge portions while applying heat thereto and is applicable to conventional existing lines and enables them to operate at higher speeds.
A more specific object is to provide improved methods of preventing the coating adjacent the strip edges from attaining an excessive thickness by the action of gas flames which mechanically blow away the excess and at the same time heat the strip surface near its edges only and thus maintain these edges for a longer time at the temperature at which they emerge from the bath without appreciably raising their temperature.
A further object is to provide improved methods of preventing the coating adjacent the strip edges from becoming excessively thick by the combined mechanical action and heating effect of gas jet flames directed downwardly against the surface of the strip adjacent its edges.
In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I have provided improved details of structure, preferred forms of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a top plan view of a galvanizing pot of a continuous line equipped with heating means in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line Il--II of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a top plan view similar to Figure 1 but showing a modification;
Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line IVlV of Figure 3; and
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic plan view on a larger scale of the modification of Figure 3 showing more clearly the relative positions of the gas jets and the strip.
Figures 1 and 2 show somewhat diagrammatically a portion of a continuous galvanizing line which includes a galvanizing pot 10, a sink roll 12 in the lower portion of said pot, a support 13 for said sink roll, and a pair 2,708,17 1 Ce Patented May 10, 1955 of grooved coating rolls 14 and 15. The pot contains molten zinc at a temperature of 800 to 875 F. to a level about as indicated in Figure 2, which is approximately the diametric plane of the two coating rolls. A continuous steel strip S is led from an annealing furnace, not shown, through an enclosing snout 16, into the pot, around the sink roll and up between the coating rolls. The strip surface picks up a zinc coating, the thickness of which is controlled by the coating rolls. After leaving these rolls, the strip passes upward to the top of a cooling tower, not shown, and thence downward to subsequent treating equipment. The equipment and process thus far described are well known and therefore are not shown nor described in detail.
Also as known in the art, at line speeds greater than about feet per minute the zinc bath reaches higher levels adjacent the ends of the bite of the coating rolls than it does in the central part. This difference in bath level causes more zinc to be deposited on the strip adjacent the edges than at the central part. Various remedial measures have been proposed to overcome this tendency. For example, it is possible to use rolls which have grooves of greater cross sectional area at the central part than near the end, whereby more zinc can flow up between them at the central part. However, such rolls are difficult and costly to machine.
In accordance with the present invention, gas burners 17, equipped with control valves 17a, are directed downwardly against the strip edges just above the coating rolls. These burners are positioned so that the gas jets emerging therefrom impinge on both faces of the strip adjacent the edges. The flow of gas actually impinges on the coating before combustion takes place. Consequently the gas velocity has a mechanical effect of blowing excess molten zinc downwardly off the strip surface. The flames are regulated not to heat the surface of the strip adjacent the edges appreciably above the temperature at which the edges emerge from the coating rolls, but merely to maintain them at this temperature longer than the remainder of the strip. The resultant heating of the edge portions prevents formulation of a cobweb structure while maintaining a spangled appearance in the finished product. It is possible also that the heating alone may cause some run ofi of the excess coating adjacent the strip edges and thus combine with the mechanical effect of the jets in eliminating this excess.
It is critical that the gas flames do not appreciably raise the temperature of the strip and its coating, or else a nonuniform product would result. For example, it is known in the art that a nonspangled galvanized product can be produced by heating the strip across its full width to temperatures around 1000" F. as it leaves the bath, which heating alloys the coating with the strip surface. In the method of the present invention, the burners do not heat the strip sufiiciently to cause this alloying eiiect.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 show a modification in which gas burners 18 equipped with control valves 18a are directed downwardly and outwardly against both sides of the strip. This modification enhances the mechanical effect of the jets in blowing away the molten zinc, and also furnishes better control in heating both sides of the strip uniformly.
While two embodiments of my invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent that other adaptations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. In the high speed continuous galvanizing of steel strip, wherein the strip is led continuously at minimum speeds of about 100 feet per minute through a bath of molten zinc at a temperature of 800 to 875 F. and
emerges between a pair of grooved coating rolls located at the bath surface, a method of controlling the coating thickness and yet maintaining a uniformly Spangled surface across the width of the strip comprising mechanically blowing away excess molten zinc from the portions of the strip surfaces immediately adjacent the side edges as the strip emerges from the coating rolls before the coating solidifies, and simultaneously heating the same portions of the strip, such heating being confined to these portions and controlled to maintain them at the temperature at which they leave the bath for a longer time than the portion of the strip inwardly of. the side edges without appreciably raising the temperature of any portion of the strip above that of the galvanizing bath.
2. In the high speed continuous galvanizing of steel strip, wherein the strip is led continuously at minimum speeds of about 100 feet per minute through a bath of molten zinc at a temperature of 800 to 875 F. and emerges between a pair of grooved coating rolls located at the bath surface, a method of preventing the zinc coating on the strip from attaining excessive thickness immediately adjacent the side edges of the strip and yet maintaining a uniformly spangled surface across the width of the strip comprising directing gas fiames downwardly against the portions of the strip surface immediately adjacent the side edges as the strip emerges from the coating rolls before the coating solidifies, and thereby both mechanically blowing away excess zinc and heating these portions of the strip, such heating being confined to these portions and controlled to maintain them at the temperature at which they leave the bath for a longer time than the portions of the strip inwardly of the side edges without appreciably raising the temperature of any portion of the strip above that of the galvanizing bath.
3. A method as defined in claim 2 in which the flames are directed downwardly and outwardly against the side edge portions of the strip on both faces thereof.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 287,076 Young Oct. 23, 1883 794,168 Fellows et al. July ll. 1905 2,034,348 Lytle Mar. 17, 1936 2,332,978 Ahern Oct. 6, 1943
Claims (1)
- 2. IN HIGH SPEED CONTINUOUS GALVANIZING OF STEEL STRIP, WHEREIN THE STRIP LED CONTINUOUSLY AT MIMIMUM SPEEDS OF ABOUT 100 FEET PER MINUTES THROUGH A BATH OF MOLTEN ZINC AT A TEMPERATURE OF 800* TO 875* F. AND EMERGES BETWEEN A PAIR OF GROOVED COATING ROLLS LOCATED AT THE BATH SURFACE, A METHOD OF PREVENTING THE ZINC COATING ON THE STRIP FROM ATTAINING EXCESSIVE THICKNESS IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT THE SIDE EDGES OF THE STRIP AND YET MAINTAINING A UNIFORMLY SPANGLED SURFACE ACROSS THE WIDTH OF THE STRIP COMPRISING DIRECTING GAS FLAMES DOWNWARDLY AGAINST THE PORTIONS OF THE STRIP SURFACE IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT THE SIDE EDGES AS THE STRIP EMERGES FROM THE COATING ROLLS BEFORE THE COATING SOLIDIFIES, AND THEREBY BOTH MECHANICALLY BLOWING AWAY EXCESS ZINC AND HEATING THESE PORTIONS OF THE STRIP, SUCH HEATING BEING CONFINED TO THESE PORTIONS AND CONTROLLED TO MAINTAIN THEM AT THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH THEY LEAVE THE BATH FOR A LONGER TIME THAN THE PORTIONS OF THE STIP INWARDLY OF THE SIDE EDGES WITHOUT APPRECIABLY RAISING THE TEMPERATURE OF ANY PORTION OF THE STRIP ABOVE THAT OF THE GALVANIZING BATH.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US297697A US2708171A (en) | 1952-07-08 | 1952-07-08 | Method of controlling coating thickness in continuous galvanizing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US297697A US2708171A (en) | 1952-07-08 | 1952-07-08 | Method of controlling coating thickness in continuous galvanizing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2708171A true US2708171A (en) | 1955-05-10 |
Family
ID=23147369
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US297697A Expired - Lifetime US2708171A (en) | 1952-07-08 | 1952-07-08 | Method of controlling coating thickness in continuous galvanizing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US2708171A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2894856A (en) * | 1956-08-31 | 1959-07-14 | Inland Steel Co | Apparatus for and method of controlling the coating thickness in continuous galvanizing |
| US2964419A (en) * | 1958-03-27 | 1960-12-13 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for producing anti-skid tread plate |
| US2967114A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-01-03 | Nat Steel Corp | Coating apparatus and method |
| US2992941A (en) * | 1958-05-07 | 1961-07-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Exit machine for coating apparatus and method of controlling coating thickness |
| US2993804A (en) * | 1959-03-13 | 1961-07-25 | Yawata Iron & Steel Co | Surface treatment for metal coated objects |
| US3049441A (en) * | 1959-10-09 | 1962-08-14 | United States Steel Corp | Method of and apparatus for preventing edge build-up of coating material on dip-coated strip |
| US3104981A (en) * | 1960-11-22 | 1963-09-24 | Nat Steel Corp | Hot dip metal coating method |
| US3260577A (en) * | 1961-12-20 | 1966-07-12 | Nat Steel Corp | Coated product and its manufacture |
| US3383239A (en) * | 1964-04-01 | 1968-05-14 | Du Pont | Air impingement apparatus and process to control edge flow in coating procedures |
| US3518109A (en) * | 1968-01-15 | 1970-06-30 | Inland Steel Co | Apparatus and method for controlling thickness of molten metal coating by a moving magnetic field |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US287076A (en) * | 1883-10-23 | Art of removing surplus material from articles coated with melted metal | ||
| US794168A (en) * | 1904-09-29 | 1905-07-11 | Olin S Fellows | Method of removing superfluous metallic coating from sheet metal. |
| US2034348A (en) * | 1930-09-03 | 1936-03-17 | Lytle Clark Kenneth | Nonspangled galvanized sheet |
| US2332978A (en) * | 1939-11-08 | 1943-10-26 | Frank J Ahern | Apparatus for hot dip coating of metals |
-
1952
- 1952-07-08 US US297697A patent/US2708171A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US287076A (en) * | 1883-10-23 | Art of removing surplus material from articles coated with melted metal | ||
| US794168A (en) * | 1904-09-29 | 1905-07-11 | Olin S Fellows | Method of removing superfluous metallic coating from sheet metal. |
| US2034348A (en) * | 1930-09-03 | 1936-03-17 | Lytle Clark Kenneth | Nonspangled galvanized sheet |
| US2332978A (en) * | 1939-11-08 | 1943-10-26 | Frank J Ahern | Apparatus for hot dip coating of metals |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2894856A (en) * | 1956-08-31 | 1959-07-14 | Inland Steel Co | Apparatus for and method of controlling the coating thickness in continuous galvanizing |
| US2964419A (en) * | 1958-03-27 | 1960-12-13 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for producing anti-skid tread plate |
| US2992941A (en) * | 1958-05-07 | 1961-07-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Exit machine for coating apparatus and method of controlling coating thickness |
| US2967114A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-01-03 | Nat Steel Corp | Coating apparatus and method |
| US2993804A (en) * | 1959-03-13 | 1961-07-25 | Yawata Iron & Steel Co | Surface treatment for metal coated objects |
| US3049441A (en) * | 1959-10-09 | 1962-08-14 | United States Steel Corp | Method of and apparatus for preventing edge build-up of coating material on dip-coated strip |
| US3104981A (en) * | 1960-11-22 | 1963-09-24 | Nat Steel Corp | Hot dip metal coating method |
| US3260577A (en) * | 1961-12-20 | 1966-07-12 | Nat Steel Corp | Coated product and its manufacture |
| US3383239A (en) * | 1964-04-01 | 1968-05-14 | Du Pont | Air impingement apparatus and process to control edge flow in coating procedures |
| US3518109A (en) * | 1968-01-15 | 1970-06-30 | Inland Steel Co | Apparatus and method for controlling thickness of molten metal coating by a moving magnetic field |
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