US2700654A - Cleaning solution and method - Google Patents
Cleaning solution and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2700654A US2700654A US2700654DA US2700654A US 2700654 A US2700654 A US 2700654A US 2700654D A US2700654D A US 2700654DA US 2700654 A US2700654 A US 2700654A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- water
- amine
- cleaning
- soap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- -1 mono ethyl diethylene diamine Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N=C2OC=CC2=C1 WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000073231 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001424392 Lucia limbaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283216 Phocidae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical group CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002126 creosote Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylenediamine Natural products C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KFIGICHILYTCJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-methylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CNCCN KFIGICHILYTCJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010458 rotten stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
- C11D3/188—Terpenes
-
- C11D2111/16—
Definitions
- Particles of bearing metal are also found in the cooler and if these continue to circulate in the lubricating oil they may be expected to abrade the bearings and cause engine failure. These solids sometimes adhere to the bafiies or tubes in the cooler and the bonding element must be dissolved. Abrasive grit and dust are also present in the deposit.
- the cleaning problem thus presented is therefore one of removing carbon, oxidized oil, dislodging metal particles, and removing dust, grit and corrosion products. Removal of the insoluble solids requires a solvent for the bonding material causing the solids to adhere to the metal surfaces.
- the solvents most generally used for this purpose are carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, ethylene dichloride, cresylic acid, alcohols andthe like, and, while reasonably effective, they do not remove the products of copper corrosion because the latter are insoluble in such solvents and neither do such solvents exert any appreciable softening or loosening action thereon.
- My invention is based upon the utilization of a liquid mixture or solution of an oleaginous solvent for the oil decomposition products, a soap which acts as a detergent and emulsifying agent, and a small quantity of Water, plus an amount of a water soluble, free primary amine in excess of that used up in neutralizing any acid present in the deposit being removed.
- a coupling agent or mutual solvent for oil and water is also present.
- the soap employed may be either a monovalent metallic soap or an amine soap and it is possible that use of an amine soap contributes to the penetrating ability of the free amine, allowing it to better reach the metallic corrosion products.
- the soap used is an amine soap, the combined amine portion of it need not correspond to the necessary requirements for the free, water soluble amine, but need only have a minimum water solubility of about 1%.
- the free amines employed in the present procedure are chiefly primary amines having a maximum of about four to six carbon atoms so as to render them water soluble. If the higher molecular weight members in this range are employed, preferably it is in admixture with larger amounts of lower molecular weight ones so as to increase the solubility thereof.
- the amines may be straight chain, branched, or even cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, or tertiary butyl, the several pentyls including cyclopentyl, the corresponding alkynol amines, etc., and may be mono or poly amines, of which the diamines are especially useful.
- the poly amines may have a slightly greater number of carbon atoms than noted above and still be effective due to the increased number of primary NH2 groups in the molecule, such polyamines including ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, mono methyl ethylene diamine, mono ethyl diethylene diamine, 1-l di methyl ethylene diamine, amino ethylethanolamine, di ethylene triamine, tri ethylene tetramine, and tetraethylene pentamine.
- alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, alkadienyl, and/or aryl-primary amines, whose solubility in water is greater than about 1% are applicable.
- a preferred range of the free amine in the composition is about 1% to 30% of the total weight, so as to leave an excess after neutralization of any free acidity present in the deposit being treated. If amine soap is also used, the total of free and combined amine should be a minimum weight of about 3%.
- the cationic constituent of the soap may be a metallic radical such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or may, as stated, he an amine, such as one or more primary, secondary, tertiary or even quaternary amines, saturated or unsaturated.
- Cyclic amines include those derived from morpholine, pyridine, furane, cyclopentane, benzene and their various substituted products and derivatives.
- the anionic constituent of the soap is a fatty acid of about 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- anionic examples include caproic, capric, sebacic, cerotic, crucic, melissic, stearic, oleic, ricinoleic, linoleic, linolenic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, as well as mixed fatty acids derived from animal or vegetable sources such as lard, coconut ol, sesame oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, soya bean oil, castor oil, seal, whale and fish oils and the like.
- the corresponding sulfonated or sulfated products may likewise be employed.
- Preferred ranges of the soap are about 5% to 50%, by weight.
- Suitable oleaginous or grease solvents which may be used to dissolve or suspend the oil decomposition products are well known in the art and include neutral coal tar oil, creosote oils, solvent naphthas, wood tar oils, coal tar hydrocarbon, petroleum hydrocarbons, hydrogenated petroleum solvents, hydroaromatic solvents and chlorinated aliphatic and aromatic solvents, which need not be free from hydroxy, ketone, carbonyl and other groups.
- Suitable concentration for the oleaginous solvent is on the order of about to 90%, by weight.
- Suitable coupling agents or neutral solvents for oil and water include the well-known glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol mono or di alkyl ethers and di ethylene glycol mono alkyl ethers where alkyl is generally methyl, ethyl, butyl, etc. Pine oil, cresol, and/or cresylic acids may likewise be used, suitable quantities of such coupling agents being on the order of about 5% to The amount of water in the composition may be relatively small, being on the order of about 3% to 20%, but where the composition is applied as an emulsion, the Water becomes the major ingredient and may constitute upwards of 90% of the circulating fluid in extreme cases.
- glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol mono or di alkyl ethers and di ethylene glycol mono alkyl ethers where alkyl is generally methyl, ethyl, butyl, etc.
- Pine oil, cresol, and/or cresylic acids may likewise be used, suitable quantities of such coupling agents being on the
- the water serves to dissolve the soluble metal-amino complexes which are formed by reaction of the free primary amines with the metal oxides and other corrosion products.
- metal-amino complexes have a limited solubility in anhydrous fluid containing excess free amine, I find that the detergent power of the composition abruptly increases beyond any expected improvement when the water content reaches 3% or more.
- compositions ranging from anhydrous to 4% water content are applied to advantage in cleaning devices operating from a surge tank, where the units being cleaned are then given a subsequent steam or water rinse which removes the metal-amino complexes, and the composition is stored for repetitive use hardly contaminated with heavy metal compounds.
- the reduction of water in the composition favors faster penetration and dissolution of greasy, resinous or organic binders in the deposit while it markedly reduces the solubility of the inorganic binders, but the steam or water rinse makes up for the latter deficiency.
- My composition may be circulated undiluted through tubing or the like being cleaned, and may then be rinsed with organic solvents, lubricating oil, water or steam, or it may be extended with water first and applied as an emulsion.
- a correspondingly effective formula is, by weight:
- the metallic parts may be soaked in the solution any desired length of time before being removed and flushed with water.
- the effectiveness of the solution permits practically complete removal of most engine deposits in a comparatively short time.
- copper, aircraft oil temperature regulator tubes containing a heavy carbonaceous deposit accumulated in actual aircraft operation were immersed in the above solution for 25 minutes at F. Upon their being withdrawn and washed with water, the copper presents a gleaming, bright ap-. pearance. Similar tests with comparable cleaners which lacked free primary amines or wherein my excess amine was replaced by an oil-soluble or higher substituted (i. e.
- composition can similarly be used at ordinary room temperature, generally a lower temperature requiring a somewhat longer immersion time to'effect comparable results.
- a liquid, metal cleaning composition consisting essentially of 1 Per cent by weight Ethylene diamine About 12 Water About 4 Neutral coal tar oil About 68 Oleic acid About 6 Pine oil About 10 2.
- a process for removing deposits produced on a metal surface by heated oil comprising subjecting said surface to the action of a liquid, metal cleaning composition consisting essentially of:
Description
United States Patent Ofii e 2,700,654 Patented Jan. 25, 1955 2,700,654 I CLEANING SOLUTION AND METHOD No Drawing. Application April 1, 1947, Serial No. 738,731
2 Claims. (Cl. 252-118) This invention has to do with cleaning solutions for metallic surfaces, particularly those surfaces which by their construction are inaccessible by the usual cleaning methods, such as cooling coils, heat exchanger coils, unit heaters, etc., and while not intended to be so limited in its use, is peculiarly adapted to the cleaning of oil coolers of airplane engines and the like which present a rather complex cleaning problem. No solution heretofore has been found which is capable of performing this complex cleaning operation in a single treatment.
As is well known, in oil coolers, which are placed between the engine and oil reservoir, the oil flows in relatively thin films through narrow interstices provided between small copper cooling tubes, the oil being guided and deflected by baflles. The heat transfer surfaces become coated with carbon, oxidized oil, corrosion products and the like, which materially reduce the heat exchange, and insuflicient cooling of the coil is apt to result in power reductions which may be disastrous, particularly in a combat plane. For instance, it is estimated that from 2% to 5% of the brake horsepower of the engine is transmitted in the form of heat to the lubricating oil and the major portion of this heat must be removed in the oil cooler. Particles of bearing metal are also found in the cooler and if these continue to circulate in the lubricating oil they may be expected to abrade the bearings and cause engine failure. These solids sometimes adhere to the bafiies or tubes in the cooler and the bonding element must be dissolved. Abrasive grit and dust are also present in the deposit.
The cleaning problem thus presented is therefore one of removing carbon, oxidized oil, dislodging metal particles, and removing dust, grit and corrosion products. Removal of the insoluble solids requires a solvent for the bonding material causing the solids to adhere to the metal surfaces. The solvents most generally used for this purpose are carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, ethylene dichloride, cresylic acid, alcohols andthe like, and, while reasonably effective, they do not remove the products of copper corrosion because the latter are insoluble in such solvents and neither do such solvents exert any appreciable softening or loosening action thereon. Consequently, heretofore such corrosion products have either remained on the heat exchange surfaces or an additional operation has been performed to remove them, such as disassembling the tubes and mechanically polishing them with steel wool. In some cases the tubes have been subjected to a subsequent circulation of a sulphuric or muriatic acid solution or a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide, but such chemicals are poisonous, corrosive, are difiicult to handle with ordinarily available equipment, and are less effective than desirable. Furthermore, they present the danger of reducing the metal thickness of the tubes to a dangerous point which may result in mechanical failure.
Those working in this art have long sought a cleaning solution and method which is free of use hazards and is capable of removing all the soiling elements, including the corrosion products, in a single cleaning operation, thus eliminating the hazardous subsequent separate sulphuric acid or cyanide treatment.
Accordingly it is an object of the present invention to provide a composition and method particularly applicable for cleaning such complex carbonaceous deposits from metal surfaces as are not directly accessible to mechanical scouring. In particular there is provided a solution in which aircraft engine cooler tubes and like objects may be soaked for a comparatively short time and the property of such then rinsed clean of soot, oil, dirt and metallic corrosion products simply by flushing with water or steam. Additional objects will be apparent as the description proceeds.
My invention is based upon the utilization of a liquid mixture or solution of an oleaginous solvent for the oil decomposition products, a soap which acts as a detergent and emulsifying agent, and a small quantity of Water, plus an amount of a water soluble, free primary amine in excess of that used up in neutralizing any acid present in the deposit being removed. Optionally there is also present a coupling agent or mutual solvent for oil and water.
Although numerous soaps, including amine soaps, as well as free amines have been used at times in somewhat analogous cleaning operations, I have found that a highly unexpected result is obtained by the present combination of a soap, and particularly an amine soap, with free amine, when the latter is a primary amine, (RNHz), since the cleaning effect produced by such combination is greatly in excess of any additive or expected result anticipated from using the two individually. The salient property of the free amine is to attack the products of metallic corrosion which are neither oil nor water soluble.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory of reaction, it appears likely that the unique result is correlated with primaryamines to form complexes or coordination compounds with metals such as copper, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, zinc and possibly silver, such complexes then being rendered Water soluble due to the presence of the aqueous amine component. However,
I an additional contributing factor to the exceptional results obtained is found in the joint actions of the free or uncombined amine and the soap. The soap employed may be either a monovalent metallic soap or an amine soap and it is possible that use of an amine soap contributes to the penetrating ability of the free amine, allowing it to better reach the metallic corrosion products. However, when the soap used is an amine soap, the combined amine portion of it need not correspond to the necessary requirements for the free, water soluble amine, but need only have a minimum water solubility of about 1%.
The free amines employed in the present procedure are chiefly primary amines having a maximum of about four to six carbon atoms so as to render them water soluble. If the higher molecular weight members in this range are employed, preferably it is in admixture with larger amounts of lower molecular weight ones so as to increase the solubility thereof. The amines may be straight chain, branched, or even cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, or tertiary butyl, the several pentyls including cyclopentyl, the corresponding alkynol amines, etc., and may be mono or poly amines, of which the diamines are especially useful.
The poly amines may have a slightly greater number of carbon atoms than noted above and still be effective due to the increased number of primary NH2 groups in the molecule, such polyamines including ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, mono methyl ethylene diamine, mono ethyl diethylene diamine, 1-l di methyl ethylene diamine, amino ethylethanolamine, di ethylene triamine, tri ethylene tetramine, and tetraethylene pentamine. In general, alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, alkadienyl, and/or aryl-primary amines, whose solubility in water is greater than about 1% are applicable. A preferred range of the free amine in the composition is about 1% to 30% of the total weight, so as to leave an excess after neutralization of any free acidity present in the deposit being treated. If amine soap is also used, the total of free and combined amine should be a minimum weight of about 3%.
The cationic constituent of the soap may be a metallic radical such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or may, as stated, he an amine, such as one or more primary, secondary, tertiary or even quaternary amines, saturated or unsaturated. Cyclic amines include those derived from morpholine, pyridine, furane, cyclopentane, benzene and their various substituted products and derivatives. Generally the anionic constituent of the soap is a fatty acid of about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Such anionic examples include caproic, capric, sebacic, cerotic, crucic, melissic, stearic, oleic, ricinoleic, linoleic, linolenic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, as well as mixed fatty acids derived from animal or vegetable sources such as lard, coconut ol, sesame oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, soya bean oil, castor oil, seal, whale and fish oils and the like. The corresponding sulfonated or sulfated products may likewise be employed. Preferred ranges of the soap are about 5% to 50%, by weight.
Suitable oleaginous or grease solvents which may be used to dissolve or suspend the oil decomposition products are well known in the art and include neutral coal tar oil, creosote oils, solvent naphthas, wood tar oils, coal tar hydrocarbon, petroleum hydrocarbons, hydrogenated petroleum solvents, hydroaromatic solvents and chlorinated aliphatic and aromatic solvents, which need not be free from hydroxy, ketone, carbonyl and other groups. Suitable concentration for the oleaginous solvent is on the order of about to 90%, by weight.
Suitable coupling agents or neutral solvents for oil and water include the well-known glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol mono or di alkyl ethers and di ethylene glycol mono alkyl ethers where alkyl is generally methyl, ethyl, butyl, etc. Pine oil, cresol, and/or cresylic acids may likewise be used, suitable quantities of such coupling agents being on the order of about 5% to The amount of water in the composition may be relatively small, being on the order of about 3% to 20%, but where the composition is applied as an emulsion, the Water becomes the major ingredient and may constitute upwards of 90% of the circulating fluid in extreme cases. The water serves to dissolve the soluble metal-amino complexes which are formed by reaction of the free primary amines with the metal oxides and other corrosion products. Although such metal-amino complexes have a limited solubility in anhydrous fluid containing excess free amine, I find that the detergent power of the composition abruptly increases beyond any expected improvement when the water content reaches 3% or more.
Compositions ranging from anhydrous to 4% water content are applied to advantage in cleaning devices operating from a surge tank, where the units being cleaned are then given a subsequent steam or water rinse which removes the metal-amino complexes, and the composition is stored for repetitive use hardly contaminated with heavy metal compounds. The reduction of water in the composition favors faster penetration and dissolution of greasy, resinous or organic binders in the deposit while it markedly reduces the solubility of the inorganic binders, but the steam or water rinse makes up for the latter deficiency. My composition may be circulated undiluted through tubing or the like being cleaned, and may then be rinsed with organic solvents, lubricating oil, water or steam, or it may be extended with water first and applied as an emulsion.
Application of my mixture is, of course, not limited to cleaning of metallic surfaces which cannot be scoured by hand, but in the event that exposed metal is available for mechanical cleaning a further advantageous result may be obtained by including in my composition an abrasive polishing agent such as bentonite, diatomaceous earth, chalk, tripoli, and the like, an amount on the order of about 50% to 90% being quite adequate, although much smaller quantities are also effective.
In a presently preferred example of my invention I use, by weight:
Per cent Ethylene diamine 12 Water 4 Neutral coal tar oil 68 Oleic acid 6 Pine oil 10 The neutral coal tar oil which I use in the above example 1s a fraction distilling between 190 and 315, from which tar acids such as phenols, xylenols, etc., have been removed, this having been found particularly advantageous for removing aircraft engine deposits.
A correspondingly effective formula is, by weight:
Per cent Aqueous ethylene diamine 13.83 Neutral coal tar oil 60.37 Oleic acid 11.20 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 6.82 Pine oil 7.78
The metallic parts may be soaked in the solution any desired length of time before being removed and flushed with water. However, the effectiveness of the solution permits practically complete removal of most engine deposits in a comparatively short time. Thus copper, aircraft oil temperature regulator tubes containing a heavy carbonaceous deposit accumulated in actual aircraft operation were immersed in the above solution for 25 minutes at F. Upon their being withdrawn and washed with water, the copper presents a gleaming, bright ap-. pearance. Similar tests with comparable cleaners which lacked free primary amines or wherein my excess amine was replaced by an oil-soluble or higher substituted (i. e. secondary or tertiary) amine removed but a small fraction of the total Weight of deposit and the clean areas presented a dull and unsatisfactory appearance. The composition can similarly be used at ordinary room temperature, generally a lower temperature requiring a somewhat longer immersion time to'effect comparable results.
While the specific proportions and exact times and temperatures noted above are given by way of example, it is to be understood that this is illustrative of a preferred method of carrying out the invention rather than a necessary limitation thereof, and it is my intention to claim the invention broadly as hereafter defined and restricted only by the prior art.
This is a continuation-in-part of my pending application on Cleaning Solution and Method, filed November 8, 1943, Serial No. 509,474, now abandoned.
I claim:
l. A liquid, metal cleaning composition consisting essentially of 1 Per cent by weight Ethylene diamine About 12 Water About 4 Neutral coal tar oil About 68 Oleic acid About 6 Pine oil About 10 2. A process for removing deposits produced on a metal surface by heated oil, said process comprising subjecting said surface to the action of a liquid, metal cleaning composition consisting essentially of:
Per cent by weight Ethylene diamine About 12 Water About 4 Neutral coal tar oil About 68 Oleic acid About 6 Pine oil About 10 and then flushing said metal surface with water.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Ind. & Eng. Chem, Aug. 1935, pages 867-871. Chemical 'Formulary, Bennett, vol. 6 (1943), pages 494-495.
Claims (1)
1. A LIQUID, METAL CLEANING COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF:
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2700654A true US2700654A (en) | 1955-01-25 |
Family
ID=3440720
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2700654D Expired - Lifetime US2700654A (en) | Cleaning solution and method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2700654A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2901433A (en) * | 1953-07-17 | 1959-08-25 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Cleaning composition |
US2904458A (en) * | 1954-09-02 | 1959-09-15 | Ethyl Corp | Removing combustion chamber deposits from internal combustion engines and compositions |
US3003970A (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1961-10-10 | Dow Chemical Co | Cleaning composition and a method of its use |
US3146207A (en) * | 1961-05-23 | 1964-08-25 | Rosenfeld Myer | Solvent degreasing self-emulsifying cleaning composition |
US3322573A (en) * | 1965-01-19 | 1967-05-30 | Oakite Prod Inc | Metal cleaning compositions and method and baths therefor |
US3367798A (en) * | 1965-01-19 | 1968-02-06 | Oakite Prod Inc | Metal cleaning compositions, baths and method |
US3528922A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1970-09-15 | Us Army | Novel surfactant combination in a solvent degreasing self-emulsifying cleaning composition |
US3546124A (en) * | 1968-11-18 | 1970-12-08 | Joseph Fleischer | Cleansing solutions |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1787789A (en) * | 1931-01-06 | A corpora | ||
US1833429A (en) * | 1929-08-28 | 1931-11-24 | Gen Motors Res Corp | Method and means for removing carbon deposits |
US2032174A (en) * | 1933-08-17 | 1936-02-25 | Oakite Prod Inc | Process for cleaning metal surfaces |
US2107288A (en) * | 1936-01-11 | 1938-02-08 | Curran Corp | Liquid composition for degreasing surfaces and process of preparation |
US2356747A (en) * | 1944-08-29 | Cleaning composition and process | ||
US2403618A (en) * | 1942-04-08 | 1946-07-09 | Nat Carbon Co Inc | Liquid cleaning compositions |
-
0
- US US2700654D patent/US2700654A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1787789A (en) * | 1931-01-06 | A corpora | ||
US2356747A (en) * | 1944-08-29 | Cleaning composition and process | ||
US1833429A (en) * | 1929-08-28 | 1931-11-24 | Gen Motors Res Corp | Method and means for removing carbon deposits |
US2032174A (en) * | 1933-08-17 | 1936-02-25 | Oakite Prod Inc | Process for cleaning metal surfaces |
US2107288A (en) * | 1936-01-11 | 1938-02-08 | Curran Corp | Liquid composition for degreasing surfaces and process of preparation |
US2403618A (en) * | 1942-04-08 | 1946-07-09 | Nat Carbon Co Inc | Liquid cleaning compositions |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2901433A (en) * | 1953-07-17 | 1959-08-25 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Cleaning composition |
US2904458A (en) * | 1954-09-02 | 1959-09-15 | Ethyl Corp | Removing combustion chamber deposits from internal combustion engines and compositions |
US3003970A (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1961-10-10 | Dow Chemical Co | Cleaning composition and a method of its use |
US3146207A (en) * | 1961-05-23 | 1964-08-25 | Rosenfeld Myer | Solvent degreasing self-emulsifying cleaning composition |
US3322573A (en) * | 1965-01-19 | 1967-05-30 | Oakite Prod Inc | Metal cleaning compositions and method and baths therefor |
US3367798A (en) * | 1965-01-19 | 1968-02-06 | Oakite Prod Inc | Metal cleaning compositions, baths and method |
US3528922A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1970-09-15 | Us Army | Novel surfactant combination in a solvent degreasing self-emulsifying cleaning composition |
US3546124A (en) * | 1968-11-18 | 1970-12-08 | Joseph Fleischer | Cleansing solutions |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1037979C (en) | Environmentally safe cleaning process and cleaning composition useful therein | |
US3094469A (en) | Process for cleaning metal objects | |
US2700654A (en) | Cleaning solution and method | |
DE2014658C3 (en) | lubricant | |
CN104313614B (en) | Low-foam detergent and preparation method thereof | |
US2261700A (en) | Cleaning composition | |
CN106048630A (en) | Strong water-based metal surface oil contamination cleaning agent and preparing method thereof | |
CN107326377A (en) | A kind of aqueous rustproof degreasing paraffin removal cleaning agent and its preparation method and application | |
US4514325A (en) | Aqueous metal treating compositions and method of use | |
CN107338446B (en) | A kind of water base non-phosphor degreaser antirust wax removing agent and its preparation method and application | |
DE1696130A1 (en) | Liquid cleaning agent for metal surfaces | |
US20230212479A1 (en) | Dry-wash aerospace cleaning composition | |
US2886477A (en) | Metal cleaning and phosphating composition | |
DE2505252A1 (en) | PROCEDURE FOR CLEANING AND DEGREASING OBJECTS | |
US2524825A (en) | Metal cleaning composition | |
US2857298A (en) | Composition and method for cleaning and phosphating metal | |
US2315852A (en) | Method of inhibiting corrosion | |
JP2583285B2 (en) | Aqueous lubricating treatment liquid for cold plastic working of metal materials and treatment method | |
DE4102709C1 (en) | Degreasing metal surfaces using aq. prepn. - contg. biologically degradable adducts of lower alkylene oxide(s), fatty alcohol(s) and cationic surfactants | |
US2209291A (en) | Rust removing composition | |
CN111996537A (en) | Neutral degreasing agent and preparation method thereof | |
US3431209A (en) | Solvent degreasing,self-emulsifying cleaning composition | |
CN110257839A (en) | A kind of acid deoiling agent and its application | |
US3585142A (en) | Method of removing copper-containing incrustations from ferrous metal surfaces using an aqueous acid solution of aminoalkyl thiourea | |
EP0151114A1 (en) | Acid based variable viscosity compositions such as corrosion and grease removers and polishers. |