US270017A

US270017A - Temps

Info

Publication number: US270017A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 1900-01-02

Description

5 Sheets-Sheet l. A. OHERTEMPS & L. DANDEN.

(No Model.)

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1883.

Wilnawrey W KW N. PETERS, rum-Lilm vn lw. Washinglml. D c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets--Sl1eet 2.

A. GHERTEMPS & L. DANDEN. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

N0. 270,017. Patented Jan.2, 1883.

(No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 3.

- A. GHERTEMPS-& L. DANDEN.

DYNAMO ELBGTRIO MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1883.

Win anew;

N. PETERS. Fhnbi'llhoxmplmr, Washingmn. D. c.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4. A. GHBRTEMPS &'L. DANDEN.

(No Model.)

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

PatentedJan. Z, 1883.

Wzl iwmef (No Model.) I 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A. GHERTEMPS 8a L; DANDEN.

DYIIAMO ELBGTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1 883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDRE OHERTEMPS AND LOUIS DANDEN, OF PAR-IS, FRANCE.

-DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,017, dated January 2, 1883,

Application filed October 5, 1882. (No model.) Patented in France January 23, 1882, No. 147,003; in Belgium March 31, 1882,31)

' 57,494; in England April 12. 1882, No.1,747, and in Italy July 24, 1882, No. 14,434.

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that we, ALEXANDRE Grinn- TEMPS and LOUIS DANDEN, citizens of France, residing at Paris, in the Department of the Seine, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to a self-exciting dynamo-electricmachine in which the antagonistic effects of contrary currents, causing irregularities in the currents produced, are destroyed, and a better result is obtained than it has been heretofore possible to secure by machines of like size and with expenditure of an equal amount of motive force.

Inthe accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in front elevation of theimproved selfacting dynamo; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a transverse vertical section taken on the line 1 2 of Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 4 is an elevation of the commutator end of the machine. Figs. 3 and 4* show a modification in the arrangement of the insulatingblook, the former being a section on line a be of the latter, which is an end elevation. Figs. 4 5, and 6 are. detail views, and Figs. 7 and 8 are also detail views in front and side elevation, respectively.

A is the horizontal shaft of the machine,

mounted in plumber-blocks B B, secured to a base, B This shaft carries a pair of castiron disks, 0 O. Fitted to the inner face of each of these disks is a set of hollow electromagnets, D D, arranged in a circle concentric with these disks, and forming together the rotary fields of the machine. These hollow electro-magnets, which are made fast to their disks by bolts or nuts, are preferably made in the form illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.", as they facilitate the magnetization, while at the same time the weight of the rotating fields is reduced, and less power is consequently required to drire the machine. Between these rotary fields is placed a stationary armature, composed of a block or plate, E, of wood or other non-conducting material, and pierced through with a ring of holes, the axis of each hole corresponding with that of one of the field-magnets. The diameter of this ring of holes is such as to insure their standing opposite the field-magnets as these magnets are rotated. In each hole in block E is fitted a bobbin, F, the ends of which project from opposite sides of the block E of insulating material. In Figs. 3" and 4 the block E is formed of two pieces, E E joined together by means of bolts and nuts R, as shown. Between the plates E E are fitted the bobbins F, which pass through the holes pierced in each plate.

The coils of each of the bobbins F are preferably wound upon a core of iron, composed of severaltubes,fittingthe one withintheother, as shown in Fig. 3*, the object being to allow access of air to the interior, while the free space left between plates E E permits free circulation of air all around the exterior of the bobbins, thusavoiding heatingot' the bobbins, and also reducing the weight of metal employed to a minimum.

The inner or filling tubes are or may be coated with paper to insulate them from each other before driving them into-place.

In Fig. 3 the heavy black lines 8 indicate the insulating material.

The hollow bobbins are so adjusted with respect to the field-magnets that the latter shall just clear them when rotating. The drawings show the fixed armature as formed with six of such bobbins, the wires of which are conducted up to pairs of metal blocks 0 e, mounted on a block, L, which in turn is supported preferably on thei'nsulating-block E. This block E is preferably built in sections, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to prevent warping, and the parts are bound firmly together and to the bobbins F by means of a metal strap, which passes over the compound block and holds it down firmly to the bed-plate.

Made fast by means of binding-screws 0 to the metal blocks e c are pairs of wires, one of which leads oti' tothepairof rubbers or brushes G, and the remainder to, say, the lamps or other devices in which the electricity is to be employed. The rubbers G are mounted adjustably on the plumber-block B, and are intended to supply a current let off from what may be termed the exciting-bobbin to a commutator, II, in connection with the whole of the field-magnets. The commutator, which is mounted on the shaft A, receives alternating currents from the exciting-bobbin of the armature, and these currents it is designed to rectify and transmit as a continuous currentto the field-magnets. For this purpose the commutator is constructed in a special manner, which insures that in its rotation one section of the commutator shall not leave the .rubber or brush until the next section is in contact with the same rubber or brush.

The commutator H is composed oftwo parts, H H, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) each ahollow cylinder, with one end closed, the peripheries being so cut away as to permit the two cylinders interlocking to their full length. The number of interlockin gparts of the commutatordepends upon the number of electromagnets contained in the field and the number of bobbins in the armature. Vehavesaid thatthenumberofbobbins shown in the drawings is six, and there are also six pairs of electro-magnets in the rotating field. This necessitates the use of a corresponding number of interlocking parts in the commutator viz., three for each cylinder counterpart of the commutator. These interlockin g parts (marked h and h, respectively) are tapered in steps, as shown, and when fitted together, as in Fig. 2, upon shalt A, and insulated therefrom and from each other, together form a hollow cylinder with asmooth periphery, upon the opposite sides of which bear the rubbers G. One portion of this commutator is connected with one terminal of the field, and the other portion with the other terminal. Thus when the machine is in action a current of electricity is passed from the armature through the rubbers G and commutator H to the field-magnets. As, however, the commutator presents practically but two surfaces to the rubbers, and these in succession, electric currents will be transmitted to the field. By adjusting the commutator relatively to the field-magnets, and thereby insuring the shifting of the rubbers from the middle step of one segment to the middle step of the next adjacent segment at the moment that the field-magnets are passing the spaces between the armaturebobbins, and consequently through neutral points, all liability to sparking will be removed.

In order to provide exciting-currents for the field magnets proportionate to the requirements of the bobbins from which the currents are to be taken for illuminating or other purposes, we coil'the exciting-bobbin, which is connected with the brushes or rubbers G, with wire of a gage corresponding to the gage of the wire on the field-magnets, and the weight of this coil is made to correspond with the weight of the other bobbin-coils of the armature. The conducting-wires, through which the exciting-currents are passed to the fieldmagnets, will also be made of equal gage, and by this means induced currents will be passed into the field in the exact proportion required to give full efiiciency to the field-magnets.

As has been said, the wires of the armaturebobbins are led up to the pairs of blocks a 0. These blocks are fitted with clamping-screws e for connecting thereto the wires of the different circuits. In order, however, to combine together two or more currents of the workingcircuits according to the work in hand,we provide a forked sliding piece, K, which is made to run under binding-screws fitted to the several blocks, and thereby to couple them up, as required; or the plates may be connected to gether by hooked attachments m. The construction of the piece K is best shown in Fig. 4 m

To provide for closing a lamp-circuit when broken by accident, and thereby to avoid the heating of the metal core of the armaturebobbin, and the consequent injury to the coil thereon, in each lamp circuit is placed a small electro-magnet, mounting the same on the fixed armature, as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 in front and side elevation. These magnets I are carried by a bracket, I, screwed to the block L, and they overlie a plate, It, which slides up and down on the bracket 1. This plate overlies the pair of terminal blocks 0 e, and is intended by contact therewith to short-circuit the currents generated in the bobbin connected therewith. When the machineis set in action the currents, passing to one of the terminal blocks, will be divided, a portion passing to the opposite terminal by the plate 70 and the other portion passing around the electro-magnct I, and so on to the lamp and back to the terminal 0. The electro-magnet, being by this means excited, will lift the plate It and retain it in its raised position so long as the current remains unbroken. So soon,however, as this takes place, whether by accident or otherwise, the plate 70 will fall and close the circuit, cutting out the broken portion.

Having now fully described our said invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect, what we claim is- 1. In a machine containing a fixed armature with rotating field-magnets arranged in groups on either side thereof, and provided with acommutator, the exciting-bobbins wound with wire ofa gage corresponding with the gage of the wire in the field-magnets, so as to supply to the field -magnets exciting-currents proportionate to the capacity of the armaturebobbins to receive induced currents, substantiall y as set forth.

2. In adynamo-electric machine, the bobbins described, having their cores composed of tubes insulated from eachother and fitting ohe within the other, substantially as setforth.

3. In a dynamo-machine of the character described, the commutator composed of two interlocking cylinders, with the interlocking portion tapered by steps, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. The combinatiomwith the metallic block, from which the induced currents are taken off, of the sliding forked piece for combining together, as required two or more of the said In testimony whereof we have hereunto set 10 metallic blocks, from which the induced curour hands in the presence of two subscribing rents are taken, substantially as described. witnesses.

5. In combination with the dynamo-mar t chine, the short circuiting apparatus at said I S%S f-Q- IJ E% machine, comprising an electro-magnet in the line circuit, and a plate or armature adapted Witnesses:

to fall and close the circuit when the current EMILE BARRAULT, ceases to flow, substantially as described. AUG. VINOK.