US286612A - houston - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

E. J. HOUSTON. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. i

No. 286,612. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E'. J. HOUSTON.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MAGEINE.

(No Model.)

No. 286,612. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

3 heets-s 3 (N0 Model.)

-HOUSTON DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE 1 mi?" E JZZOTWWI,

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDIVIN J. HOUSTON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PA., ASSIGNOR TO THE THOMSON- I-IOUSTON ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF NEV BRITAIN, CONN.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,612, dated October 16, 1883.

(No model.)

To (Z5 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN J. HOUSTON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DynamoElectric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improve ments in the construction of dynamo-electric machines,wherebygreatereiiiciencyandeconomy of operation are secured.

My invention consists in certain improve ments in the form and construction of the field-magnet frame and of the armature core or carrier, which will be herein described in detail, and then specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical eross-seetion of field-magnet frame constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is an end view of the frame. Fig. 3 is aplan view of the bed-plate and lower pole-piece. Fig. 4 is a top view of the upper connectingplate and pole-piece. Fig. 5 is a side view of one of the flanges for holding the field-magnet coils in place. Fig. 6 is a plan, partlyinsec tion, of the core of a field-magnet. Fig. 7 isa perspective view of a modification of the field magnet frame. Fig. 8 is an end view of the armature core or carrier, and Fig. 9 is a cross section thereof on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8; and Figs. 10 and 11 are similar views of a modification.

In order to secure the greatest efficiency of action in the field-magnet, and at the same time to improve its compactness, I construct the magnet-frame as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. As there shown, the magnet-frame consists of an octagonal frame, four of the sides of which are formed by the field-magnets M, M M", and M", while the remaining four sides are formed by curved ribs It R and top and bottom plates, D D between which the cores 0, C C, and O" of the several fieldanagnets are secured by bolts 13, as shown. Formed upon or attached to thetop and'bottom plates, 1) D, are the curved field-of-force pole-pieces N and S, between which the armature rotates. The coils wound upon the several cores 0 0* U" 0 are, as usual, so connected that one of said pole-pieces as, forinstance, Nwill have north polarity, while the other will have south polarity. The curved extensions of the po]epieces are in close proximityto the wires of the field-magnets, as shown. The lower piece, D, is provided with feet F F, &c., by which it can be securely fastened to its foundation or support. Supports H H extend from said bed-plate, and bear standards Y Y, upon which are the bearings for the armatureshaft. In order to obtain the proper ventilation of the armature and the field-magnet, openings 0 and O" are provided, which extend through the pole-pieces N and S, as shown. The cores 0, &c., of the field-magnets are also provided with openings O, extending through the same in a direction at right angles to the plane of winding of the coils, as indicated in Fig. 6, which openings assist in the ventila: tion and cooling of the machine. The curved ribs R and It may be of any desired form and number, but are suitieient in number or size to form a good magnetic connection between the field -magnets M M, I sometimes wrap these ribs with coils of insulated wire, so as to strengthen the magnetic polarity of the pole-pieces N and S. Instead of forming the top and bottom plates supporting the polepieces N and S each of one solid plate, I some times form them of a series of curved ribs, of substantially the same form as the ribs It The longitudinal spaces between the ribs are in this case continued vertically downward tlnrough the curved polepieees N and S, so as to more thoroughly provide for the ventilation of the armature. This form of the octagonal magnet-frame is illustrated in Fig. 7.

The arrangement of the field-magnets and connecting-bars, &c., forming the octagonal magnet-fra1ne just described, secures a number of important advantages, some of which are as follows: First, the massive character of the polepieees serves to maintain a uniformity in the strength of the magnetic field that in creases the regularity of running and avoids injurious flashing at the commutator; second, the open spaces between the ribs and the openings in the core and pole-pieces provide thor oughly for the ventilation of the armature and the field-magnet; third, the position of the magnet-coil with relation to the pole-pieces and the armature, which coils are for their whole extent parallel and in close proximity to the revolving wire on the armature, results in a strengthening of the currents produced in said armature during revolution; fourth,

the octagonal form of magnet-frames secures a much greater degree of compactness than is possible with the ordinary form.

The peculiarities of the armature core or carrier which I employ are illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. When the end pieces or spiders of cylindrical armature cores or carriers in machines producing powerful currents are formed of massive pieces of metal, the induction-currents set up therein tend to produce excessive and injurious heating and a lessening of the effective current. To avoid these defects, I construct the heads or end pieces of radial arms S S, &c. which are made of iron, brass, wood, or any suitable material securely fixed -to the hub X, mounted on the armature-shaft A, upon which arms are wound circumferential coils of soft-iron wire W,arranged concentric to the axis or shaft A, and held in place by means of the pins or hooks m m, &c., or by any other suitable device. As these coils are for the most part at right angles to the coils of insulated armature-wire that cross the end of the cylindrical armature, the induced currents produced therein .areinappreciable. The spaces at Z Z, 810., between successive coils NV, provide for a thorough ventilation of the armature core or carrier.

Instead of coils of wire, plates or rings of thin sheet-iron piled one upon the other may be employed. This construction is shown in Figs. 10 and 11, where P P, 820., indicate the plates or rings of iron, and s s, '&c., screws by means of which they are secured in place. In this instance, as before, openings Z Z, &c., are left for ventilation. This form of construction of the ends or spiders of cylindrical armatures not only prevents excessive heating, but, as

5 already described, assists very materially in the ventilation of the machine.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. A field-magnet frame, constructed as described, of four fieldmagnets forming four 50 sides of an octagon, connecting ribs or plates forming two other sides thereof, and connecting-plates having curved pole-pieccs forming the remaining sides.

2. A field-magnet frame composed of four "fieldmagnets forming four sides of an octagon,

the series of connecting-ribs R R, havingspaces between them, forming two other sides, and the plates D D having the curved pole-pieces N S curved in close proximity to the coils of the field-magnet.

3. A field-magnet frame composed of four field-magnets forming four sides of an octagon, curved ribs R R, forming two other sides, and plates D D carrying the curved pole-pieces N S, and provided with ventilating-openings 0 O 4. A field-magnet frame composedof the four field-magnets M, MZM, and M*, having the straight cores G 0 C O, curved plates or ribs R and R of any desired number, plates D D provided with pole-pieces N S, and bolts B, securing the cores to the ribs.

5. The combination of the four field-magnets, the curved connecting-ribs, connectingplate D, and connecting-plate D", having fect 7 5 or supports F F, and supports H H, for the journal-bearings of the armature.

6. The octagonal field-magnet frame composed of the four field-magnets, whose cores are perforated, as described, and the interme- 8o diate connecting-ribs, R-Rfland plates D D, perforated and carrying the curved p ole-pieces.

7. In a cylindrical armature-carrier for a dynamo-electric machine, a spider-frame wound with a series of coils or plates concentric with the armature-shaft, as and for the purpose described.

8 In a cylindrical armature, an end piece or spider having radial arms upon which are secured the circular coils or plates concentric 9o with the armature-shafhas and for the purpose described. v

Signed at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, this 29th day of June, A. D. 1883.

EDWIN J. HOUSTON.

\Vitnesses:

R. M. HAZLETT,

BENJN. DANIELS.

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