Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
  • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
  • C06B31/30—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber

Definitions

• the unusually high absorption of moisture tends to delay the onset of stiffening and the composition may be softer than is, desirable when it is to be extruded into a cartridge form, but the subsequent stiffening of the resulting cartridges may be so pronounced that they lose their deformability and cannot be pierced for the insertion of a detonator.
• the macro-molecular polysaccharide may be, for instance, a water swellable and soluble ether of cellulose or starch.
• polysaccharide ethers are oxidisable ingredients it may be advisable to omit from the carbonaceous oxidisable composition at least a portion of the usual content of carbonaceous ingredients or to include an increased amount of an oxidising salt in order to preserve a satisfactory oxygen balance.
• the tendency of the composition to stiffen on storage for short periods in ordinary atmospheres is reduced, and the tendency of the explosive to have an unduly soft consistency when freshly mixed in moist atmospheres is likewise reduced so that extrusion is facilitated.
• suitable water swellable and soluble cellulose ethers there may be used for instance a water soluble sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, methyl ethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose, and these may be employed in disintegrated fibrous or in powder condition.
• a suitable water swellable and soluble starch ether a water soluble sodium salt of carboxymethyl starch may be used.
• the detonation of the cartridge can still be satisfactorily initiated by means of a No. 6 commercial detonator after storing it for 4 hours under 6 inches of cold water even though the wrapper has been artificially perforated at several points.
• Example 2 70.7 parts of ammonium nitrate containing 1% of china clay and 9.0 parts of sodium chloride are thoroughly mixed with 4 parts of the water soluble sodium salt of a water soluble carboxymethyl starch. The resulting mixture is then incorporated with a 10.5 parts of a nitrated 80:20 glycerine ethylene glycol mixture absorbed on 5.8 parts of woodmeal. Ihe explosive powder so obtained is tamped into waxed paper wrappers, and is suitable for blasting in coal mines. The detonation of the cartridge can still be satisfactorily initiated, by means of a No. 6 commercial detonator, after storage for 8 hours under six inches of water, even though the wrapper has been artificially perforated at several points.
• Example 3 17 parts of a nitrated 80-20 glycerine-ethylene glycol mixture and 1.8 parts of a mixture of polynitro aromatic hydrocarbons, consisting of 25% of trinitrotoluene and 75% of a mixture of isomeric dinitrotoluenes that is wholly liquid at 15 C. are mixed with 0.4 part of nitrocellulose, and into the resulting jelly are incorporated 0.5 part of woodmeal, 2.2 parts of comminuted oat husks, 2 parts of finely powdered anthracite, 1 part of sulphur and 0.3 part of chalk.
• the mixture so obtained is then thoroughly incorporated with a mixture of 66 parts of ammonium nitrate containing 1% china clay, 7.8 parts of sodium nitrate and 1 part of a finely powdered water soluble sodium salt of oarboxymethyl cellulose containing 0.7 sodium carboxymethoxy groups per anhydroglucose unit of cellulose.
• the resulting moist powder is tamped into waxed paper wrappers and the resulting semigelatine explosive cartridges are suitable for quarry blasting.
• Example 4 26 parts of nitroglycerine and 4 parts of orthonitrotoluene are stirred with 1 part of nitrocellulose and into the resulting jelly are mixed 1 part of woodmeal, 2.5 parts of finely powderd sulphur and 0.3 part of chalk.
• the detonation of the cartridge can still be satisfactorily initiated with a No. 2 commercial detonator after 3 weeks storage under 10 feet of water, even though the cartridge has been artificially perforated at several points.
• Example 5 15 parts of trinitrotoluene, 71.25 parts of ammonium nitrate, and 12.75 parts of sodium chloride are initimately mixed in an Atlas mixer with 1 part of finely powdered water soluble sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, as used in Example 3.
• the powder explosive so obtained is tamped into waxed paper wrappers and the explosive cartridges are suitable for use in fiery and dusty mines.
• Example 6 15 parts of trinitrotoluene, 78.5 parts of am monium nitrate containing 02% of parafiin wax and 2.5 parts of finely powdered aluminium are intimately mixed in an edge runner mill with 4 parts of the water soluble sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose as used in the preceding Example 3.
• the powder explosive so obtained is tamped into waxed paper Wrappers and the explosive cartridge so obtained can still be initiated with a No. 6 commercial detonator after storage under water at 25C. for 96 hours even though the wrapper has been artificially perforated at several points.
• Example 7 A gelatinous type of explosive composition containing ammonium nitrate and according to the invention is produced as follows: 32.5 parts of nitroglycerine, 1.8 parts of the liquid mixture of polynitro aromatic hydrocarbons as used in Example 2, 2.5 parts of Woodmeal and 0.3 part of chalk are stirred with 1 part of nitrocellulose until a stiff jelly is formed. This jelly is then intimately mixed with 51.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 7.4 parts of sodium nitrate and 4.0 parts of finely powdered water soluble sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose as used in Example 3.
• This composition can be compared for plasticity or softness using a modified type Vicat penetrometer with an otherwise similar mixture in which the 4.0% sodium salt of carboxyrnethyl cellulose is omitted.
• a cord of each composition of 30 mm. length and /8" diameter is placed on end under the pin of the penetrometer which has been modified by fixing a fiat disc on the pin. The disc is lowered to touch the top surface of the sample under test and a reading taken. A weight equivalent to 800 gms. is then allowed to rest on it for 60 secs. when a further scale reading is taken.
• the decrement in length of the column of material, which has taken place under this load, calculated to a percentage of the original length is regarded as a measure of the plasticity or softness of the mixture.
• the temperature of the mixture during the tests is kept between 18 and 22 C. The results are shown below.
• a blasting explosive composition comprising ammonium nitrate with at least one other self-explosive sensitizing agent therefor and a small proportion of water-swellable and soluble ether of a material selected from the group consisting of cellulose and starch, said ether being uniformly distributed throughout the composition.
• a blasting explosive composition comprising ammonium nitrate with at least one other self-explosive sensitizing agent therefor and a small proportion of a water-sweilable and soluble ether of cellulose, said ether being uniformly distributed throughout the composition.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

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Citations (11)

• 0
  • BE BE488705D patent/BE488705A/xx unknown
• 1948
  • 1948-05-03 GB GB12067/48A patent/GB645039A/en not_active Expired
• 1949
  • 1949-04-12 US US87108A patent/US2680068A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1949-04-13 FR FR984674D patent/FR984674A/fr not_active Expired
• 1951
  • 1951-03-28 DE DEI3953A patent/DE899615C/de not_active Expired

Patent Citations (11)

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