US2679897A

US2679897A - Gas burner and internal flow restrictor

Info

Publication number: US2679897A
Application number: US251585A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gerald W Ferrel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1951-10-16
Filing date: 1951-10-16
Publication date: 1954-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 1971-06-01

Description

June I, 1954 G. w. FERREL GAS BURNER AND INTERNAL FLOW RESTRICTOR INVENTOR. e/v/d MK Fer/'z/ BY WW 5 A 7'7ORNEK Filed Oct. 16, 1951 view through the burner.

Patented June 1, 1954 NT OFFICE GAS BURNER AND INTERNAL FLOW RESTRIGTOR Gerald W. Ferrel, Kalamazoo, Mich.

Application October 16, 1951, Serial No. 251,585

16 Claims. 1

This invention relates to improvements in gas burner.

The principal objects of this invention are:

First, to provide a gas burner which will operate effectively under extremely low gas pressures.

Second, to provide a burner which will burn gas substantially completely, thus reducing carbon monoxide in the products of combustion and correspondingly increase the heat output of the burner.

Third, to provide a burner which is extremely simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and which does not require close adjustment for efficient operation.

Fourth, to provide a gas .burner with a plurality of consecutively arranged pressure distributing and velocity increasing passages which assure a continuous supply of gas, and continued operation of the burner in spite of extremely low or irregular pressure in the gas supply line, and in spite of baclrdrafts directed against the flame. Other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from a consideration of the following description and claims.

The drawings, of which there is one sheet illustrate a highly practical form of my burner.

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the burner. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of the distributors employed in the burner.

The present invention consists of improvements on the gas burner described and claimed in my Patent $1 2,513,087 issued June 27, 1950 for gas burner with internal fuel distributor.

My burner consists of a body I which is conveniently formed as an integral casting. The body includes an upper burner head 2, an upper tubular neck 3, a radially enlarged equalizing chamber 4, and a lower tubular neck 5. The head 2 includes a generally cylindrical mixing chamber 6 of substantially greater diameter than the upper neck I, and an inverted conical shield l. The upper neck 3 extends upwardly into the bottom of the mixing chamber 6 as is indicated at 8 in Fig. 2, and the cylindrical side walls of the mixing chamber ii are provided with large apertures 9 desirably positioned at approximately the level of the projecting upper end 8 of the upper neck. The equalizingchamber 4 consists of oppositely conical walls It) joined at their radially outer edges, and connected at their radially inner edges to the

tubular necks

3 and 5.

'Desirably the outer peripheries of the outer conical walls I I) carry mounting ears I I for supporting the burner. The lower end of the lower tubular neck 5 is threaded as at l2 for attachment of a gas supply pipe [3 to the burner.

The upper end of the upper tubular neck 3 is internally threaded as at I l, and the upper 'end of the lower tubular neck is internally 18 form a series of annular ribs on each of the distributors, and the upper and alternately subadjacent ribs 01 each distributor are threaded as at 9 to threadingly and sealingly engage the threaded portion of the neck in which they are inserted. Wrench holes 20 are provided in the tops of the distributors to facilitate their assembly in the necks.

The intermediate and lower ribs 36 and 2! of each distributor are cut away radially to coact with the adjacent surfaces of the necks to form a series of narrow annular throats arranged consecutively along the path of travel of gas through the burner. Desirably the lower edges of the distributors are beveled as illustrated to facilitate equal flow of gas around the lower ends of the distributors. The upper and alternately lower threaded ribs on each distributor are provided with an annularly arranged series of circular jet passages 22 inclined radially inwardly and downwardly from the upper to the lower surfaces of the ribs. Thus, gas passing through each annular throat accumulates in an annular groove or chamber thereabove and is conducted upwardly and outwardly through an annular series of jet passages to a second annular throat. From the second annular throat the gas again enters an annular chamber and is conducted through the upper set of jet passages in each of the distributors.

The relative sizes of the several annular throats and the areas of the jet passages in the several annular series of passages is important to the proper operation of my burner, as I have found it desirable to progressively decrease the area through which the gas flows through each distributor to upper passages 22 in the upper distributor. For example, I provide a clearance or throat thickness of fifteen thousandths of an inch at the lower throat 23. I provide a clearance or throat thickness of ten thousandths at the upper throat 24 in the lower neck, a throat thickness of ten thousandths of an inch at the lower throat 25 in the upper neck, and a throat thickness of seven thousandths at the upper throat 26 in the upper neck 3. The total area of the jet passages in each annular series is slightly less than the area of the throat passage opening to the bottom thereof. It is my belief that the gas in progressing through each throat and each succeeding set of jet passages is accelerated so as to overcome or resist the tendency of momentary backdrafts or back pressures to stop the continuous flow of gas to and through the upper jet passages opening into the mixing chamber 6. The equalizing chamber M operates as in my above mentioned patent to prevent sudden increases in gas pressure from so accelerating the flow of gas through the upper jet passages as to extinguish the iiame regardless of how low the flame may be as the result of low initial gas pressure.

I have thus described a highly practical form of my burner, but I intend this description as an example only, as various modifications or combinations of the annularly arranged jet passages in upper and lower groups are possible without departing from the theory of my invention as set forth in the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A gas burner comprising, a body having integrally cast walls forming an upper tubular neck and a lower tubular neck joined by a radially enlarged equalizing chamber, said lower neck forming a gas supply connection, other walls of said body forming a cylindrical mixing chamber with perforate side walls extending above and around said upper neck, upper and lower distributor plugs threadingly engaged within said upper and lower necks respectively, said distributor plugs having a series of annular ribs formed therearound, the upper rib and alternately lower rib of each plug having a series of annularly arranged jet passages formed therethrough, the intermediate and lower ribs of each plug being radially reduced and coacting with the surfaces of the necks to form annular throats, the upper throat of each plug being narrower than the lower throat and a throat of the upper plug being narrower than any throat of the lower plug whereby thepath of gas passing through said burner to said mixing chamber is reduced in cross section, the total area of the jet passages in each annular series thereof being less than the area of the annular throat therebelow.

2. A gas burner comprising, a body having integrally cast walls forming an upper tubular neck and a lower tubular neck joined by a radially enlarged equalizing chamber, said lower neck forming a gas supply connection, upper and lower distributor plugs threadingly engaged within said upper and lower necks respectively, said distributor plugs having a series of annular ribs formed therearound, the upper rib and alternately lower rib of each plug having a series of annularly arranged jet passages formed therethrough, the intermediate and lower ribs of each plug being radially reduced and coacting with the surfaces of the necks to form annular throats, the upper throat of each plug being narrower than the lower throat and a throat of the upper plug being narrower than any throat of the lower plug whereby the path of gas passing through said burner is reduced in cross section, the total area of the jet passages in each annular series thereof being no greater than the area of the annular throat therebelow.

3. A gas burner comprising, a body having integrally cast walls forming an upper tubular neck and a lower tubular neck joined by a radially enlarged equalizing chamber, said lower neck forming a gas inlet to the burner, other walls of said body forming an enlarged mixing chamber with perforate side walls extending above and around said upper neck, upper and lower distributor plugs threadingly engaged within said upper and lower necks respectively, said distributor plugs having a series of annular ribs formed therearound, the upper rib and alternately lower rib of each plug having a series of annularly arranged jet passages formed therethrough, other ribs of each plug being radially reduced and coacting with the surfaces of the necks to form annular throats, said throats being progressively narrower along the path of gas passing through said burner to said mixing chamber, the total area of the jet passages in each annular series being less than the area of the gas passages therebelow.

4. A gas burner comprising, a body having walls forming an upper tubular neck and a lower tubular neck joined by a radially enlarged equalizing chamber, said lower neck forming a gas inlet to the burner, upper and lower distributor plugs threadingly engaged within said upper and lower necks respectively, said distributor plugs having a series of annular ribs formed therearound, the upper rib and alternately lower rib of each plug having a series of annularly arranged jet passages formed therethrough, other ribs of each plug being radially reduced and coacting with the surfaces of the necks to form annular throats, said throats being progressively narrower along the path of gas passing through said burner, the total area of the jet passages in each annular series being less than the area of the gas passages therebelow.

5. A gas burner comprising, a body having walls forming an upper tubular neck and a lower tubular neck joined by a radially enlarged equalizing chamber, said lower neck forming a gas inlet to the burner, upper and lower distributor plugs engaged within said upper and lower necks respectively, said distributor plugs having annular ribs formed therearound, the upper rib of each plug having a series of annularly arranged jet passages formed therethrough and sealingly engaging the wall of the neck in which it is mounted, lower ribs or each plug being radially reduced and coacting with the surfaces of the necks to form annular throats, said throats being progressively narrower along the path of gas passing through said burner and the total area of the jet passages in each annular series being less than the area of the throat therebelow whereby the area of the gas passage through said burner decreases in said lower neck and further decreases in said upper neck.

6. A gas burner comprising, a body having walls forming an upper tubular neck and a lower tubular neck joined by a radially enlarged equalizing chamber, said lower neck forming a gas inlet to the burner, upper and lower distributor plugs engaged within said upper and lower necks respectively, said distributor plugs having an- 'nular ribs formed therearound, an upper rib of reduced and coacting with the surfaces of the necks to form annular throats, said throats being progressively narrower along the path of gas passing through said burner whereby the area of the gas passage through said burner decreases in said lower neck and said upper neck.

'7. In a gas burner, a tubular conduit having upper and lower neck portions separated by an equalizing chamber portion of greater cross sectional area than said neck portions, means in said upper neck portion'forming a series of axially spaced annular chambers, said means forming annular throats opening upwardly into alternate annular chambers and forming series of annularly arranged ports opening between chambers not connected by throats and from the upper chamber to the top of said burner, the cross sectional areas of said throats and said series of ports decreasing progressively upwardly, and means in the lower of said neck portions forming a similar progression of annular throats and an annularly arranged series of ports with the cross sectional areas of said last throats and ports decreasing upwardly in said lower throat, the area of the upper throat in said upper neck being less than the area of the upper throat in said lower neck.

8. In a gas burner, a tubular conduit having upper and lower neck portions separated by an equalizing chamber portion of greater cross sectional area than said neck portions, means in said upper neck portion forming a series of axially spaced annular chambers, said means forming annular throats opening upwardly into alternate annular chambers and forming series of annularly arranged ports opening between chambers not connected by throats and from the upper chamber to the top of said burner, the cross sectional areas of said throats and said series of ports decreasing progressively upwardly, and means in the lower of said neck portions forming a similar progression of annular throats and an annularly arranged series of ports with the cross sectional areas of said last throats and ports decreasing upwardly in said lower throat.

9. In a gas burner, a tubular conduit having upper and lower neck portions separated by an equalizing chamber portion of greater cross sectional area than said neck portions, means in said upper neck portion forming a pair of axially spaced annular chambers, said means forming a throat communicating with said equalizing chamber and opening upwardly into the lower of said annular chambers and a series of annularly arranged ports opening between the upper of said annular chambers and to the top of said burner, the cross sectional area of said throat being greater than the area of said series of ports, and means in the lower of said neck portions forming a similar progression of an annular throat and an annularly arranged series of ports with the cross sectional area of said last throat being greater than the area of said second series of ports, the area of said second series of ports being greater than the area of said first series of ports.

10. In a gas burner, a tubular conduit having upper and lower neck portions separated by an equalizing chamber portion of greater cross sectional area than said neck portions, means in said upper neck portion forming a pair of axially spaced annular chambers, said means form-ing a throat communicating with said equalizing chamber and opening upwardly into the lower of said annular chambers and two series of annularly arranged ports opening between said annular chambers and to the top of said burner, the cross sectional area of said throat being greater than the area of said series of ports, and means in the lower of said neck portions form ing a similar progression of an annular throat and an annularly arranged series of ports with the cross sectional area of said last throat being greater than the area of said second series of ports.

11. A tubular gas burner having an enlarged chamber intermediate of its ends, means for attaching a delivery conduit to the bottom of said burner, means partially closing the upper end of said burner and forming an annularly arranged series of jet passages opening therefrom, means forming an annular throat below said series of ports and of greater cross sectional area than said ports and communicating between the ports and said chamber, other means positioned in said burner below said chamber and forming a second annularly arranged series of ports opening to said chamber, and means positioned between said other series of ports and said supply connection forming a second annular throat of greater cross sectional area than said second series of ports and of greater cross sectional area than said first annular throat.

12. A tubular gas burner having an enlarged chamber intermediate of its ends, means for attaching a delivery conduit to the bottom of said burner, means partially closing the upper end of said burner and forming an annularly arranged series of jet passages opening therefrom, means forming an annular throat below said series of ports and communicating between the ports and said chamber, other means positioned in said burner below said chamber and forming a second annularly arranged series of ports opening to said chamber, and means positioned between said other series of ports and said supply connection forming a second annular throat of greater cross sectional area than said first annular throat.

13. A tubular gas burner having an enlarged chamber intermediate of its ends, means for attaching a delivery conduit to the bottom of said burner, means partially closing the upper end of said burner and forming an annularly arranged series of jet passages opening therefrom, means forming an annular throat below said series of ports and communicating between the ports and said chamber, other means positioned in said burner below said chamber and forming a second annular arranged series of ports opening to said chamber, and means positioned between said other series of ports and said supply connection forming a second annular throat.

4. In a gas burner having a tubular body, a distributor positioned in said body and having axially spaced annular ribs sealingly engaging the interior of said body and each having a series of annularly arranged ports formed therethrough with the ports in the upper rib constituting discharge ports, other ribs on said distributor forming annular chambers communicating with the lower ends of ports in said series of ports, said other ribs being spaced from the walls of said burner to form annular throats opening upwardly to said chambers, the cross sectional areas of said throats and said series of ports decreasing progressively upwardly to said discharge ports.

15. In a gas burner haiung a tubular body, means positioned in said body and coacting with the wall thereof to form at least two axially spaced chambers and annular ribs on each side of each chamber, the first and alternate ribs from the top each having a series of annularly arranged ports formed therethrough with the ports in the upper rib constituting discharge ports, said other ribs forming annular throats communicating between adjacent chambers and the interior of said body, the cross sectional areas of said throats and said series of ports decreasing progressively upwardly to said discharge ports.

16. In a gas burner having a tubular body,

' means positioned in said body and coacting with the wall thereof to form at least two axially spaced chambers and annular ribs on each side of each chamber, the first and alternate ribs from the top each having a series of annularly arranged ports formed therethrough with the ports in the upper rib constituting discharge ports, said other ribs forming annular throats communicating between adjacent chambers.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,962,113 Elmore June 12, 1934 2,513,087 Ferrel June 27, 1950