Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
  • C11D13/02—Boiling soap; Refining
  • C11D13/04—Continuous methods therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the manufacture of good quality, odorless soap from malodorous low grade animal or vegetable oils and fats.
• Soaps made from animal and vegetable oils and fats having unsaturated components aside from having a very soft and slimy consistency, rapidly undergo oxidation and become rancid, rendering the use of such soaps objectionable.
• United States Patents Nos. 2,393,421 and 2,492,940 relate to processes for making soap from raw sperm oil and anhydrous alkali employing a predetermined excess of alkali sufficient to saponify the fatty acids and transform the fatty alcohols into soap in a single operation.
• a predetermined excess of alkali sufficient to saponify the fatty acids and transform the fatty alcohols into soap in a single operation.
• Varrentrapp reaction without said reaction being expressly mentioned.
• a mixture of malodorous fatty acids and sperm oil at a temperature slightly above the melting point and molten alkali are charged simultaneously and continuously in predetermined proportions to a specially constructed saponifier where they react at a temperature of about 300 C.
• the reaction between the fatty matter and the alkali takes place simultaneously and results in complete saponification with the liberation of hydrogen.
• the apparatus which I employ may be of the type disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,492,9ei0 or any other apparatus operating on substantially the same principle wherein the resultant soap is discharged from the saponifier in a continuous manner by passing through an automatic outlet in substantially the same quantity as the reactants are charged to the saponifier.
• the hydrogen liberated during the reaction is collected in a manner to maintain a slight superatmospheric pressure within the apparatus, say of not more than 20 cm. of water in order to prevent the entrance of air thereinto.
• a slight superatmospheric pressure within the apparatus, say of not more than 20 cm. of water in order to prevent the entrance of air thereinto.
• both exothermic and endothermic reactions take place and, as the heat produced is greater than that consumed, there is a slight excess of heat.
• this slight excess of heat is substantially equal to the heat lost by radiation and hence it is quite simple to maintain a completely uniform temperature within the apparatus with the aid of a small fuel burner in which the consumption of fuel is insigni-ficant.
• the present method does not involve a special treatment of a previously prepared soap, but on the contrary involves the simultaneous saponification and deodorization of fats and oils which may be carried out in a continuous process following the teachings of Patent No. 2,492,940.
• sperm oil as used in the specification and claims is meant the oily liquid obtained from sperm whales, whether refined, unrefined or hydrogenated.
• a process for the manufacture of odorless soap of good quality which is solid at room temperature, from malodorous unsaturated fatty acids obtained from low grade animal and vegetable fats and oils, said process comprising reacting malodorous unsaturated fatty acids with molten alkali in the absence of Water at substantially atmospheric pressure and in the presence of a reaction moderator capable of reducing the violence of the reaction and the formation of foam, said reaction moderator constituting one of the reactants and being selected from the group consisting of sperm oil and wool grease said reaction moderator constituting at least 40% of the mixture of fatty acids and moderator, the quantity of alkali used being sufficient to completely convert the unsaturated fatty acids and the moderator into an odorless soap having a soap base with a higher degree of carbon atom saturation and a lower molecular weight than the organic reactants.
• a continuous process for the manufacture of odorless soap of good quality which is solid at room temperature, from malodorous unsaturated fatty acids obtained from low grade animal and vegetable fats and oils, which process comprises reacting in a continuous manner predetermined proportions of preheated malodorous unsaturated fatty acids with molten alkali in the absence of water at substantially atmospheric pressure 2 sperm oil and wool grease said reaction moderator constituting at least 40% of the mixture of fatty acids and moderator, the quantity of alkali being continuously charged being sufficient to completely convert the simultaneously charged unsaturated fatty acids and the moderator into an odorless soap and withdrawing the resultant soap having a soap base with a higher degree of carbon saturation and a lower molecular weight than the organic reactants in a continuous manner.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=10250416

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (1)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1949
  • 1949-10-19 GB GB26863/49A patent/GB696027A/en not_active Expired
• 1950
  • 1950-02-02 DE DEC485A patent/DE970933C/de not_active Expired
  • 1950-03-21 US US151030A patent/US2640840A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1950-04-18 GB GB17608/52A patent/GB696050A/en not_active Expired
  • 1950-07-26 FR FR1023413D patent/FR1023413A/fr not_active Expired
• 1951
  • 1951-11-29 BE BE507466D patent/BE507466A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (4)

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