US2635817A - Impact breaker bar mechanism - Google Patents

Description

A ril 21, 1953 L. H. LONG IMPACT BREAKER BAR MECHANISM 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Filed Aug. 21, 1950 INVENTOR. 150 H. LONG ,4 TTOENEYS April 21, 1953 H. LONG IMPACT BREAKER BAR MECHANISM 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 Filed Aug. 21, 1950 INVENTOR. 150 H. ZOA/G WWW A True/v5 VS Patented Apr. 21, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IMPACT BREAKER BAR MECHANISM Leo H. Long, Burton, Wash. 7

. Application August 21,1950, Serial No. 180,555

4 Claims.

My invention relates to impact resistance inserts for crusher bars used particularly in connection with the crushing or dividing of rock and the like. I As an illustration, but not as a limitation of my invention, the insert devices and mechanisms of my invention may be used in connection with the device illustrated in United States Letters Patent No. 2,486,421, issued Nov. 1, 1949, wherein Lee H. Kessler is the inventor.

Such prior art impact breaker devices employed radially directed rotatably mounted impact breaker blades or bars. Such blades or bars were removably mounted. In actual practice, it wasfound that such members must be made of a steel alloy which had characteristics which were a compromise between desired characteristics. Inother words, it was necessary to provide such impact bars with sufiicient tensile strength to withstand breakage and fracture at the expenseof characteristics against wear and abrasion Thus, the impact bars of the prior art were characterized with a relatively short life.

It isan object of my invention to provide impact breaker bars v with inserts thereon of a characterso that the breaker bars have not only desired resistance against breakage but have desired resistance against wear and abrasion. V

It is 'a further object of my invention to provide impact insert means for breaker bars, which insert means may be properly fitted inf place with a minimum of machining, are easily removed and inserted in place, have a' maximum life, and' are substantially free of mechanical difflculties during normal life thereof.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent as the description of the same proceeds and the invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, since obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art. I

Figure l is a view in side elevation, with parts broken away, showing generally a crusher wherein devices of my invention are generally indicated;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view, on a'larger scale than Fig. 1, of a crusher bar assembly embodying my invention;

Fig. 3 is a detached view in bottom plan illustrating an insert of my invention;

Fig. 4 is a view in section, taken substantially on broken line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and further showing the same attached to a crusher bar, only a fragment of the crusher bar is shown and the nut and bolt means have been loosened for purposes of illustration;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken substantially on broken line 5-5 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 6 is a view in cross section of a stationary breaker bar embodying my invention.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, a typical installation involving my invention employs rotors H) and H driven by any suitable means (not shown) in opposite directions as indicated by the arrows. Each of the rotors l0 and Il detachably mounts impeller crusher bars breaker bars I6.

12. This may be accomplished by any usual means, such as wedges l3, and nut and rod means l4. By tightening of the nut means relative to the rod means of nut and rod means 14, the wedges l3 are caused to move longitudinallyas well as crosswise, and thus firmly secure each n of the impeller bars 12 rigid relative to therotorlflor ll mounting the same.

As indicated in said'Fig. 1 of the drawings, pieces of rock are fed inwardly by infeed. conveyors l5, and permitted to drop downwardly on rotors l0 and II. Such pieces of rock are contacted by the impeller bars l2 and urged relatively radially upward and into contact with Due to impact, the rock is crushed or divided into smaller pieces, and then the pieces of rock fall downwardly. If the pieces of rock are. small enough, they will pass downwardly on either side of the machine adjacent breaker bars 11 and to the outfeed portion of the machine lfl. However, if one impact is not suflicient, the pieces of rock will be again tossed generally radially upwardly by the impeller bars 12 and against breaker bar, It until the average size [piece of rock is of the desired size, and thereupon such smaller pieces will be delivered to the outfeed portion I8 of the machine.

The general arrangements of a crusher which may employ my invention is illustrated in said patent to Lee H. Kessler and hence no further detailed description will be given of such typical construction to which my invention is applicable.

Referring now to Fig. 2 of the drawings, a plurality of longitudinally aligned impeller bars l2 are illustrated. In said Kessler patent, and particularly in Fig. 6 thereof, a symmetrical impeller bar 22 is indicated, which was designed to be removed and rearranged from time to time to permit the wearing off of four wearing surfaces. I have found that the time and expense involved in so adjusting the impeller bars to wear off four surfaces is not practically feasible and economical. Thus, I have provided an end portion l9 on each impeller bar 12 which is used for detachably securing each impeller bar 12 to a desired rotor H] or II. The other end portion has a depression formed by machined surfaces 22 and 23 and cast surfaces 24, 25, and 26. The surfaces 24 and 26 should have an angle of approximately 120 to the surface 25 to insure proper results in casting, and at the same time adequate strength to properly support the insert 21.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 3 to 5 inclusive, each insert 2'! may be made wholly by casting and such inserts have a relatively short length, such as between four and five inches long, and a, number thereof will be placed lengthwise of the depression or groove formed by surfaces 24', 25, and 26 of each impeller bar 12. practice, the impeller bars 12 are often made in lengths inv the order of twenty and thirty inches, and hence on such impeller bars there will be four or six inserts longitudinally aligned in each depression or groove formed by surfaces 24, 25, and 26.

Each of the inserts 21 comprises shoulders or lug-like protruding portions 28,. which are of a size, shape and contour to interflt with a por tion. of the depression or groove formed by surfaces 24, 25, and 2B. A double keyhole slot is provided in each of the inserts 21 and aligned with the lug or shoulder means 28. Such double keyhole slot (see Fig. 3) provides an enlarged opening 3!) and smaller end openings 3|. smaller end openings 3! are formed by shoulder portions 32 (see Fig. 4) and the head portion of bolt 33 may be inserted. through the enlarged opening and then moved longitudinally of the keyhole slot and under shoulders 32. after, the stock. portion. of said bolt 33 may be inserted through opening 34 (see Figs. 2 and e) and suitable nut means 35 may be tightened on the threaded stock of bolt 33 to secure each insert 2! in place. a plurality of spaced openings 34 so that two bolts. 33 may be employed to secure each of the inserts 21 in place.

As the portion of an insert 21 away from the groove or depression formed by surfaces 24, 25, and 26 is subjected to wear, the heads of the bolts 33 are protected by the insert and are not subjected to wear. During operation, .and if the lower portion of the insert 27, as is indicated in Fig. 5, is the leading edge, then the wear will reach substantially to the dash line 36 as appears in said figure. If the impeller bars are thereafter reversed and the upper edge of the insert 2?, as is shown in Fig. 5, is the leading edge, then the wear may reach to the dot-anddash line 31 as shown in said figure. When the insert has worn so that the outer surface thereof comprises an inner line common to lines 36 and 31, then it is desirable to replace the inserts. While it is desirable to replace all inserts at one The 11 There- The impeller bar 12 is provided. with time, to maintain proper dynamic balance of the rotors l0 and M, in actual practice it has been found that it is not positively essential to replace all inserts 2"! at one time, and they may be replaced individually.

In practice I have found it desirable to make the impeller bars I2 out of manganese molybdenum steel, heat treated to a Brinell hardness of about 250 to 350. Such type of material will have the desired tensile strength to prevent breakage and the like. On the other hand, I preferably cast the inserts 2! from manganese molybdenum titanium alloy, heat treated to a hardness of about 500 to 600 Brinell. While inserts 2? cast of such material have a normal tendency to be brittle because of their high de gree of hardness, the inserts 2'! of my invention, in fact, are notv fragile and do not tend to readily break, due to the support which they receive by reason of machined surfaces 22 and 23 of impeller bar l2, which contact with the surfaces 38 and 39 of the inserts 2i. When the inserts 21 are in place (as is indicated by Fig. 2 of the drawings) the surfaces 38 and 39 restfirmly against the machined surfaces 2.2 and 23, while there is clearance between the shoulders or lugs 28 of the inserts 2.7 and the cast surfaces 24 and 2.6 of the impeller bar [2. Also there is a clearance between thecast surface 25 of the impeller bar 12 and the protruding end portions of the lugs or shoulders 28 of each insert 21. Furthermore, I am able to cast the inserts 21, and no machining is required because of the relatively short length and width of the surfaces 38 and 39. This is of extreme value, due to the hardness of the metal alloy employed in casting inserts 21 and the obvious difificulty of machining such metal alloy.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 6 of the drawings, each of the stationary breaker bars I6 is mounted to be in the; line of travel of particles of rock emanating from the moving impeller bars 12. Preferably, each of the stationary bars I6 is made of a steel alloy similar to that employed in casting impeller bars [2. Also, each of the stationary breaker bars I6 is provided with a groove or trough 43 similar to the, groove or trough in the impeller bars d2. A plurality of inserts 4| are longitudinally aligned and have shoulder por tions 42 in the groove or trough of the stationary breaker bars [6.

expedient, such as a squared cross-section as shown, and the same are initially adjusted so that the surface 43 of the inserts 4| are in the line of travel of pieces of rock emanating from the driven impeller bars l2.

The construction and means of mounting of the inserts 4|v may be similar to that indicated in connection with the inserts 21 and hence I have also shown bolts 44 which, like bolts 33, will be protected against wear. In view of the fact that similar characteristics are desired as respects breaker bars l6 and inserts 41 to impeller bars [2 and inserts 21, the same may be made respectively of similar steel alloys. From the similarity of the construction indicated in Fig. 6 to. the construction of the inserts 21 and impeller bars l2, no further description is believed necessary.

Preferably, the inserts 4! and the inserts 21 are duplicates as to size and metal alloy and thus when the inserts 21 have lost their utility as inserts for impeller bars [2 (they have worn down to the inner common surface of lines 36 and 31 The said breaker bars it are non-rotatably mounted by any common.

in Fig. 5), they may beused as inserts in the breaker bars l6. Obviously, there is much more wear and abrasion to inserts employed on the impeller bars l2 than there is on inserts employed in connection with breaker bars |6. Thus, whenever inserts are replaced on the impeller bars I2 they. can be replaced as a unit, as the inserts will have further utility and use in connection with the stationary breaker bars. l6; In other words,

the rotors I and II may be maintained in dynamic balance by complete replacement of inserts 21 upon wear of the same, and such inserts 21 may be utilized for their substantial complete life by using them in connection with the stationary breaker bars l6.

In the foregoing description, I have described use of inserts 4| or inserts 21 in connection with bars IE, but such is not intended as a limitation as the same inserts are illustrated for use inconnection with the stationary breaker bars H. Stationary breaker bars may be duplicates of stationary breaker bars IE but the bars are given different numbers to indicate the respective positions thereof.

From the foregoing, it will be obvious that a successful insert. for a stationary or a moving breaker bar must be characterized by having detachable means which are protected against wear. Next, it will be obvious that I must provide an insert of a type and character which may be used directly after casting without further machining thereof, and in such connection the character of the engaging means requires a particular type of stationary or moving crusher bar as well as a particular type of insert.

During operation of devices embodying my invention, the inserts 21 will tend to move outwardly and the thrust will be against the surface 24 and the surface 22 of the impeller bar I2. Thus, the bolt 33 does not carry any substantial portion of the strain and no difficulties have been encountered with bolt breakage. This, of course, is important for if an insert should become loosened and tossed by the rotors Ill and II, substantial damage might occur due to the extreme hardness of the inserts. Similarly, the inserts 4| employed in connection with stationary breaker bars "5 and I! will have the load carried in a similar manner and thus bolts 44 do not carry any load which in any wise tasks their strength.

From the foregoing description of my invention it will be apparent that I have provided an impact breaker bar comprising a base member such as fixed breaker bars I6 and I! or revolvably mounted impeller bars I2. Each of these said base members provides a wedge-shaped longitudinally extending groove formed by machined surfaces 22 and 23, which lie in a common plane, inwardly inclined surfaces 24-26, and a bottom surface 25. Next, I have provided a detachable breaker impact member, as inserts 21 or inserts 4|. The inserts have mating surfaces to the surfaces or faces of the trough in the base member. Thus, surfaces 22 and 23 fit snugly against the surfaces 38 and 39, and it is not necessary to machine the surfaces 38 and 39 of the detachable breaker impact members 21 or 4|. The faces 24, 25, and 26 loosely mate the paired surfaces of the insert 21 provided by the lugs or shoulders 28. Next, the detachable breaker impact members 21 or 4| are held in place by bolts which have their head portions held in place by the shoulders 32 which form the keyhole slot 30-3I. The bolts 44 extend through suitable apertures in the base members |6, l1 and I2, and nuts are thereof, the above setting forth only a preferred form of embodiment.

Iclaim:

' 1. An impact mechanism comprising a driven rotor; detachable impeller bars; means securing said impeller bars to said rotor, said impeller bars projecting radially outwardly from the pe riphery of said rotor, each of said impeller bars being formed of ferrous mangagese alloy and 4 .having a Brinell hardness of about 250 to 350,

and having a wedge-shaped groove therein, the wall of said groove extending angularly and converging inwardly and with machined shoulders adjacent the groove, said groove extending par allel to the axis ofthe rotor, each of saidim peller bars having an aperture extending from the bottom of said groove through the impeller bar; a detachable breaker impact member secured to each of said impeller bars and each being formed of ferrous manganese alloy and heat treated to a Brinell hardness of about-500 to 600, having an impact face on one side thereof, having on the opposite side thereof a projecting boss longitudinally extending throughout the length thereof and loosely mating crosswise one of said grooves in said impeller bar, and having shoulders adjacent said boss snugly fitting the machined shoulders of one of said impeller bars; bolt head supporting means carried by each of said detachable breaker impact members and disposed away from said impact face; and bolt and nut means having the bolt-head thereof secured to said bolt supporting means, projecting through said aperture in said impeller bar, and held in place by the nut thereof.

2. An impact mechanism comprising a driven rotor; detachable impeller bars; means securing said impeller bar to said rotor, said impeller bars projecting radially outwardly from the periphery of said rotor, each of said impeller bars having a wedge-shaped groove therein, the walls of said groove extending angularly and converging inwardly and with machined shoulders adjacent the groove, said groove extending parallel to the axis of the rotor; a detachable breaker impact member secured to each of said impeller bars and each formed of ferrous manganese alloy and heat treated to a Brinell hardness of about 500 to 600, having an impact face on one side thereof, having on the opposite side thereof a projecting boss longitudinally extending throughout the length thereof and mating crosswise of said grooves in said impeller bar, and having shoulders adjacent said boss interfitting the machined shoulders of one of said impeller bars; and detachable securing means securing said detachable breaker impact members to said detachable impeller bars.

3. The combination of claim 2, wherein a plurality of detachable breaker members are secured in the groove of each impeller bar.

4. An impact mechanism comprising a driven rotor; detachable impeller bars; means securing said impeller bars to said rotor, said impeller bars projecting radially outwardly from the periphery of said rotor, each of said impeller bars being formed of ferrous manganese alloy and having a Brinell hardness of about 250 to 350, and having a wedge-shaped groove therein, the walls of said groove extending angularly and converga Brinell hardness of about 500 to 600, having an impact face on one side thereof, having on the opposite side thereof a projecting boss 1ongitudinally extending throughout the length thereof and loosely mating crosswise one of Said grooves in said impeller bar, having shoulders adjacent said boss snugly fitting the machined shoulders of one of said impeller bars; detachable securing means securing each of said impact breaker members to a said impeller bar comprising spaced shoulders having a groove therebetween and a keyhole slot forming member as. sociated therewith; and a plurality of bolt and. nut means having the bolt-head portion of each thereof detachably secured to said keyhole slot forming member, projecting through the aperture. in said impeller bar, and held in place by the nut.

thereof.

' LEO H. LONG.

8 References Cited in the file of this patent 1 UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 503,504 Straker Aug. 15,, 1893 1,410,455 Campbell Mar. 21, 1922 1,630,021 Lucas May 2 1927 1,947,784 Armstrong Feb. 20, 1.934 2,310,758 Werner Feb. 9, 1943 2,534,302, Sennholtz Dec. 19, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 373,289 Great. Britain May 26, 1932 554,504 Great Britain July '7, 1943 584,878, Great Britain Jan. 24, 1947 OTHER REFERENCES Hard Surfacing by Fusion Welding, by H. S. Avery. Published by American BrakeShoe Company, New York. Pages 15, 22, 41-44, '79, 94-98.

The Properties of Medium Carbon Steel With High Manganese Content, R. D. Report No.- 1. Published by His Majestys Stationery Oflice,

- London, England, 1924, particularly table III on page 8. 1.3 pages of print plus 2 pages of plates. Library designation TN'757M3G7.

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