US2635305A

US2635305A - Storm sash construction for casement type windows

Info

Publication number: US2635305A
Application number: US155190A
Authority: US
Inventors: Louis J Milone
Original assignee: Eagle Picher Co
Current assignee: Eagle Picher Co
Priority date: 1950-04-11
Filing date: 1950-04-11
Publication date: 1953-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 1970-04-21

Description

STORM SASH CONSTRUCTION FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Filed April 11, 1950 L. J. MILONE April 21, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

April 21, 1953 L. J. MlLONE 2,635,305

STORM SASH CONSTRUCTION FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Filed April 11, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 v I INVENTOR. W H

April 21, 1953 L. J. MILONE 1 2,635,305

STORM SASH CONSTRUCTION FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Filed April 11, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR.

BY 5 woo/,%,/ M

TToRk/F7'5 STORM SASH CONSTRUCTION FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Filed April 11, 1950 L. J. MILONE Sheets-Sheet 4 April 21, 1953 INVENTOR.

ifl yn A T To RAH- p 1953 L. J. MHLONE 2,635,35

STORM SASH CONSTRUCTION FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Filed April 11, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I2 i. III

5mm unmi'. 56 W i IN V EN TOR.

Patented Apr. 21, 1953 STORM SASH CONSTRUCTION FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Louis J. Milone, Livingston, N. .l'., assignor to The Eagle-Picker Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application April'll, 1950, Serial No. 155,190

This invention relates to storm sashes which are adapted for installation upon casement windows,

The principal objective of this invention has been to provide a casement window storm sash which is adapted to be associated directly with the easement window proper so as to be movable therewith while still constituting an effective insulating member capable of reducing heat loss through the window and condensation of moisture on the interior surfaces of the glass thereof. More specifically, the obiective has been to provide a casement window storm sash which is adapted for demountable association with a casement window proper in an easy and convenient manner, from the inside of the buildin rather than the outside. By such construction, the householder or housewife may install the storm sash in position on the casement window, working only from the room interior. When the casement window or the storm sash glasses must be removed in spring, or washed, the storm sash conveniently may be removed into the room and then stored or washed and repositioned.

A further objective of the present invention has been to provide a storm sash assembly whi ch is ada ted for convenient, inexpensive installation upon Hope type casement windows now in use. such that the whole window, when the installation is completed, presents a neat and attractive appearance from the inside and the outside of the room. The invention also contemplates incorporation of the features of the present invention directly into casement windows as an integral part thereof during fabrication of the easement windows.

A still further objective of the present invention is to provide a storm sash construction in which weather strips and screens may be ap lied to a casement window as an installation incident to the installation of the storm sash upon the casement sashes thereof, such that the weather stripping may function to prevent the infiltration of outside cold air through the window joints while the storm sash prevents heat loss by heat conduction through the window proper, and the screens may function to exclude insects.

Atypical I-iope' type steel casement window, in relation to which the invention is disclosed,

consists of a steel frame which is mounted permanently in the building wall, one or more casement sashes which extend across the frame and constitute the closure of the frame area, and hinge members which pivotally support the casement sashes fromthe frame,

1 Claim. (CI. 2055) The steel frame is substantially narrower than the thickness of the building walls and, when installed, resides in a plane intermediate the inside and outside wall surfaces. In order that the casement window may be opened wide without interference from the building wall, the hinges, or hinge axes of typical casement windows are offset outwardly a substantial distance from the plane of configuration of the frame or sash thereof. By reason of this construction when the sash is swung outwardly, an opening of substantial size exists between the frame of the window and the edge of the sash at which the hinges are mounted. The hinges usually are of the pivot type, located at the top and bottom edges of the casement sash, and, therefore, the opening just described extends entirely along the window when it is swung open.

This invention is predicated upon the concept of utilizing the, opening between the frame and casement window, as provided by the offset hinges, as an access way through which the storm sashes may be associated with the casement sash. More specifically, this invention contemplates a casement window storm sash construction in which storm sash guideways are associated with the easement window, within which a storm sash may be held in place over the casement window. The guicleways are conveniently accessible from the interior of the room through the access openings just described; therefore, once the casement window is equipped with storm sash guideways, the householder, standing in the room before the window, needs only to swing a closed casement to open position, insert a storm sash in the guideways through the access opening, and thus position it over the outside face of the casement sash where it will resideuntil withdrawn in reverse manner.

Each casement sash may have its own demountable storm sash panel, or, if the easement window consists of one or more swinging casement sashes adjacent one or more stationary or fixed window panels, then the swinging sash may be equipped with slidably demountable storm sashes in the manner described, and additional storm sash members may be non-slidably mounted over the fixed sashes of the installation, the access thereto being through the open casement Window area.

The following detailed description of the drawings discloses typical embodiments of the invention from which those skilled in the art readily will comprehend the modifications to which the invention is susceptible within the meaning of the claim hereof.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a typical casement window in open position ShOWll'lg installation of a storm sash therefor through the access opening between the casement window and the frame.

Figure 2 is an elevation showing a typical casement window comprising hinged sashes bounding a stationary sash, all of which are equipped with storm sashes of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line -L of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view as taken on the line 6-5 of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 but with the easement sash shown in open position and the storm sash associated with it.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary elevational view of the lower left hand corner of the outer face of the movable casement illustrating a corner cap for enclosing the hinged corners of the storm sash.

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8 of the upper right hand corner of the movable casement illustrating a corner cap installation for the side of the window opposite the hinges.

Figure 10 shows the structure of Figure 8 with the corner cap removed.

Figure 11 shows the structure of Figure 9 with the corner cap removed.

Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the corner cap illustrated in Figure 9.

The casement window selected to illustrate the application of the storm sashes of the present invention therewith, is one comprising movable casementwindow sashes i and 2 which are arranged at opposite sides of a fixed window 3, all of these in turn being surmounted by a horizontal window panel 4. This arrangement is one of the types in common use today, but it will be understood that the storm sashes of the present invention may be used with casement Windows having only one or more movable sashes with or without one or more fixed window panels.

A typical casement window, as illustrated in the drawings, usually comprises a marginal window frame which is indicated generally at 6. This frame is comprised of Z-bar iron elements fastened or welded rigidly to one another. The inner flanges of the Z-bar members of the frame abut stiles at the window opening, with the lower horizontal frame member abutting the inner sill, while the outer flanges of the Z-bar members are sealed to the window opening by means of grouting 8. The window frame 6 is subdivided into the movable sash and fixed light areas by a horizontal member it which is spaced downwardly from the top of the frame to define the upper light area of panel 4, while vertical stiles H and I2 extend from this horizontal member into connection with the lowermost frame member to define the areas for the sashes I and 2 and the intermediate area for the fixed light 3.

A pane of glass I3 is installed permanently in the upper light area 4 and a pane of glass I4 is installed in the lower light area 3. These glasses are held in place by putty l5 or by other suitable means.

The movable casement sashes and 2 are usually constructed of Z-bar framing elements [6, as indicated in Figures 3, 5 and 6. The Z-bars for the movable sash are similar in shape to the Z-bars of the window frame proper, and the inner faces of the inner and outer flange portions of the sash frames i6 mate respectively with the outer faces of the inner and outer flange portions of the Z-bar elements of the window frame proper. Hinge members indicated generally at I! associate the easement window sashes with the frame. Each hinge is comprised of a leaf I8 which extends in outward direction from the outer face of the casement window, and a cooperating leaf I9 which extends in outward direction from the outer face of the main frame. The leaves of each hinge are pivoted one to the other by means of pivot members 28. The casement window is thus hinged to the frame at points adjacent its upper and lower edges.

It is to be noted particularly that the hinge axis about which the easement window may be swung is offset substantially from the plane of the casement window sash or the plane of the easement window frame. Therefore, when the easement window is swung open, its inner edge, adjacent the hinge axis, swings outwardly in an arc of substantial radius about the hinge axis and leaves a gap of substantial distance between the casement window edge and the edge of the window frame. This gap is utilized in accordance with the present invention as an access opening through which storm sash panels may be associated with the movable casement window, working from the room interior rather than from a ladder leaned against the outside of the building as has been conventional in the past.

To mount a storm sash panel on the movable casement window in accordance with this invention, the casement window at its outer face is equipped with members delineating grooves or guideways within which a storm sash panel slidably may be received. These grooves or guideways preferably extend continuously along the top, bottom and longitudinal edges of the casement window and are accessible from the inner longitudinal edge; that is, the edge which is closest to the room interior.

More specifically, the preferred construction comprises marginal mounting members 25 each of which has a foot portion 26 residing facially upon the outer face of the casement window sash, a laterally extending leg portion 21 and flange members 28-23 extending parallel to the foot portion 26, but at the opposite side of the leg 21. The flanges 28 are spaced from one another to define a groove 30. Mounting members 25, as just described, are located along the top and bottom members of the easement window sash and along the outer vertical edge so that a continuous groove is provided in a plane parallel to the plane of the casement window. Such mounting members are fastened rigidly to the easement window along the three sides thereof as described by means of screws 3| which are located at spaced intervals and which are threaded into holes drilled and tapped into the outer flange portion of the easement window sash at the time of installation. The vertical and horizontal mounting members preferably meet one another in butt joints. Mounting members fabricated of extruded aluminum alloy have been found to be very practical since strips of such material out to approximatelength may be furnished to the point of installation, and such strips may be cut to exact length as re- .quired by means of a saw. Likewise, at the time frame being slightly less than the width of groove 30 in order that the frame may be received marginally within the groove snugly but slidably. A rubber mounting gasket is received continuously in the groove provided by the U-shaped elements 34 and this gasket sustains a pane of glass 35.

When guide members 25 having offset grooves 30 are utilized around three sides of the storm sash, a gap exists between the casement window and the storm sash panel at the fourth edge thereof. In the structure shown in the drawings, Figures 5 and '7, this gap is closed, to prevent free circulation of air between the storm sash and the easement window, by means of a sealing strip which is indicated generally at 38. In cross-section the sealing strip is generally similar to the mounting member 25 except that it terminates in an outerface against which the inner face of the storm sash may reside in substantially air-tight engagement. Thus,

the foot portion 39 of the closure strip 33 resides against the outer face of the casement window sash at the edge thereof adjacent the hinge axis. A leg portion 46 projects laterally from the foot portion in outward direction, and

a flange portion 4| extends laterally from the leg over the foot portion. The foot flange 3Q is fastened to the casement window sash by means of screws 42, and the length of the leg 4i] is such that the outer face of the sealing strip resides in a plane flush with the innermost faces of the grooves in the mounting strips 25.

It will also be noted that the frame member of the storm sash, at the fourth edge thereof, that is, the frame member which resides in engagement with the face of sealing strip 38,.is provided with an inwardly extending longitudinal lip 43 positioned to reside adjacent the edge of sealing strip 38. This forms a more effective airseal between the storm sash and sealing strip.

In the preferred construction, one or more captive screws 44 extend through the frame of the storm sash, at the fourth edge thereof, into threaded engagement with tapped holes provided in the outer flange of the sealing strip 38. As each screw 14 is tightened, its head portion, at the outside of the storm sash, causes the storm sash to be bound tightly to the sealing strip 38 and thereby not only prevent the storm sash from unintended sliding movement in its guideways, but also to bind the parts in firm, airsealing engagement with one another along the fourth edge.

When a casement window having a storm sash mounted on it in the manner just described is to be cleaned, the householder swings the window to the open position, as shown in Figures 1 and 7, and reaches through the access opening which is provided by the offset hinges, to unloosen' the screw M. When the threaded end of this screw is disengaged from the sealing strip 33, the storm sash may be withdrawn into the room from the guideways thereof; the head of the screw 44 providing a convenient handle for this operation. Following the cleansing of the casement sash and storm sash, the latter is rein- '6 troduced' into the guideways and shoved outwardly into position in the grooves after which the screw 44 is tightened to hold the storm sash in place. In the spring of the year, the storm sash panels 33 may be removed for stor age; the guideways then are open but they are inconspicuous and do not detract from. the appearance of the window or the panels can be left in to keep the home cooler in summer.

The mating Z-bar construction of the casement window frame and sash, as shown in the drawings, is generally typical of units now available.

In such arrangements the engagement of the faces of the Z-bar flange of the sash with the faces of the Z-bar flanges of the window frame proper constitute the seal of the window intended to prevent the entrance of cold air or rain into the room. However, it is apparent that the perfection of this seal is dependent upon the use of straight, true Z-bar members, and upon the accurate positioning of them. In many instances the bars are not perfectly true or become warped or bent during installation or during use with the result that the sealing is imperfect and weather strips are desired. The weather stripping for such purposes provided in accordance with the present invention comprises thin, resilient strips of metal 46 which are held in place upon the easement window frame by the foot portions 26 of the mounting strips 25 and sealing strip 33 around the entire perimeter of the casementsash. These strips extend outwardly as at A5 to the edge of the easement sash, then inwardly over the edges of the outer Z-bar flanges, and return along the inner faces of the outerZ-bar flanges as at 41. In these areas, 1. e.,' at the inner faces of the respective Z-bar flanges the strips are sprung inwardly so that they are free to act as leaf springs which bear against the mating faces of the window frame when the window frame is closed. The strips 56 are preferably only three to five one-thousandths of an inch in thickness and, therefore, may reside between the mating portions of the casement sash and frame, while their yieldability enables them to conform to any longitudinal variations which may exist between these members. It is also to be noted that in the preferred construction the foot portions 26 of the mounting strips 25 and the sealing strip 38 are provided with lip portions 48 which extend along the outer edges of the easement sash over the laterally bent portions 4? of the weather strips. These lips act as reinforcements for the thin weather stripping material and help it maintain its resilience during prolonged usage. For the weather stripping material, stainless strip steel has been found to be practical and durable.

Figures 8*12 illustrate corner caps which may be utilized for enclosing the corners of the mar ginal mounting members 25 of storm sash mounted on movable easements. These caps are provided to give a finished appearance to the corners where the mounting members are joined and also serve, to a certain extent, to seal the jointure of the members. The joint between the foot'portions 25 of the marginal mounting members25 must becut to accommodate the hinge plates 59 at the pivoted side of the case ment windows, and thus corner cap member 5! is provided in order to enclose the hinge and the ends of the respective foot portions. These corner caps 5i are preferably L-shaped and include a central raised portion 52 in order to accommodate the plate so. secured to the foot portions 26 by means of Thecap may be screws as shown at 53. The cap to be utilized at the upper hinge corner is made in just reverse form from the one illustrated in Figure 3. At the other two corners, on the side of the storm sash opposite the hinges, a corner cap similar to that shown in Figure 12 may be utilized. This cap, which is indicated generally by the numeral 54, includes a foot flange 55 which is adapted to be seated on the foot portions 26 at the jointure of the respective mounting members 25, the cap being secured to the respective members by screws Hit-56. At the upper end of the foot 55 of the cap member, a tang 5'! is bent over to engage the upper edge of the foot member 26. At the inner corner of the cap member, a rectangular pocket Edis formed, the pocket receiving the joined corners of the overhanging flanges of the respective mounting members 25. Both cap members may be formed from a flat sheet of metal cut and bent to the appropriate shapes.

If screens are desired to cover the movable casement window areas, they may be installed at the interior face of the window frame. Thus, as shown in Figures 3 and 6, the screen indicated generally at 59 comprises a frame portion 68 which is adapted to engage the inner face of the casement window frame over the movable sash area thereof. The screen may be secured in place by means of finger tabs 5! p-ivotally mounted to the window frame at spaced points around the margin of the screen and adapted to be swung over the marginal edges of the screen frame.

Storm sashes for adjoining stationary windows In installations where one or more movable casement windows are contained within a frame having one or more stationary lights of the type shown at 3 and 4 inthe accompanying drawings, it is desirable to insulate the latter with storm sash as well as the former. Figures 4-7 illustrate constructions which are suitable for this purpose.

To enclose the lower stationary light 3 in a window of the type shown in Figure 2, mounting strips 62 are fastened permanently to the stationary framing members of the window. In most instances the vertical stiles have outer faces which are engaged by the inner faces of the movable casement sash so that this area is not available for mounting. iowever, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the web of the stile is available for mounting purposes. Therefore, the mounting strips 62 at the vertical stiles are generally of T formation, the top of the T residing at right angles to the plane of the window in abutment with the web of the stile or in abutment with a projecting longitudinal edge thereof. To insure disposition of the T portion of these mounting members at right angles to the plane of the window, the foot portions of the mounting members may be provided with pedestal flanges 63 which are adapted to bear upon the web, while an adjacent portion of the mounting members bears upon an edge projecting from the web. The vertical Irounting members include flange portions 64 which extend toward one another in a plane parallel to the plane of the window, and the outer faces of these flanges constitute seats to receive the vertical members of the storm sash frame. In addition, the mounting members may also include outwardly extending flange portion 65 adapted to reside along the outer marginal edge of the storm sash. Flanges 65 serve to guide the storm sash panel "into position when it is being installed and to some extent additionally serve as windbreaks.

The storm sash proper for the stationary windows may be of the same type as that previously described in connection with the movable casement sashes, and the description of the storm sashes is not repeated. However, it will be noted that the side frame members of the storm sash include one or more captive screws 66 at both sides which are adapted to engage threaded cores in the seat flanges 64 of the T mounting strips 62 so as to cause the vertical side frames of the storm sash to bear firmly against the mounting strips.

At the bottom of the stationary window 3 (see Figures 2 and 4), a mounting flange 61 is provided on the outer face of the outer flange of the bottom Z-bar element of the window frame proper. This mounting flange 6! is held in place by fastening screws 68 which are threaded into the window frame. The mounting flange til projects upwardly and terminates in a U-shaped portion 59 which constitutes a groove for the reception of the lower edgewise portion of the storm sash. This mounting member also may include a breathing aperture 10 through which a small amount of air ma be permitted to circulate to prevent the stationary casement window or storm sash from becoming fogged. I

At the top of the stationary window, a mountillg member 'ii is provided which is similar to the mounting member 6'. except that it is provided with a groove 52 of substantial depth, sufficient in relation to the spacing of all of the parts, to permit the storm sash to be lifted up" wardly within the groove ii a distance sufficient for the bottom of the storm sash to clear the groove in the U-shaped portion 59 of the bottom mounting member 6?. This permits the storm sash panel to be swung outwardly at its lower edge, then lowered a distance sufficient to cause disengagement of its upper edge from the groove 72. To facilitate these manipulations, the lower edge of the storm sash panel may be provided F with one or more finger tabs 13 which extend outwardly from the frame thereof.

Once the mounting members have been installed upon the window frame over the stationary portion of the Window, as just described, the storm sash may be demounted by loosening the captive screws 66, then lifting the sash until its bottom edge is free, swinging it outwardly, then lowering it until it is completely disengaged. All of these operations may be performed through the open casement window areas.

When the casement window includes an upper horizontal panel of the type shown at 4 in the drawings, storm sash mounting members of the type just described may be utilized. In such instances, however, the horizontal rail It in common casement window construction (see Figure 4-) usually terminates in an overhanging lip 13a which functions as a water shed. To accommodate this construction, the lower edge of the storm sash panel is received in a groove provided by an H-shaped member it which is fastened in place by means of screws '55. The storm sash panel in this case is lifted, as previously described, until its bottom edge clears the groove in member "M after which it is swung outwardly and lowered until completely free.

Having described my invention, I claim:

A casement window and storm sash assembly comprising, a hinged casement window having channel ways residing in alignment with one another along three edges of the window sash in a' plane which is substantially parallel to, and external of, the plane of the window sash, a storm sash panel having marginal edgewise portions slidably received in the said channel ways along 0 three edges of the said storm sash panel, and means associated with the fourth edgewise portion of the said storm sash panel for securing and sealing it to that edgewise portion of the easement window which does not contain a channel way, the last said edgewise portion being adjacentthe axis of the hinges of the easement window, and the pivotal axis of the hinges of said casement window being offset from the window frame a sufficient distance that when the casement window is open, the storm sash panel thereon will clear the window opening to provide for slidable Withdrawal of the storm sash panel from said channel ways.

LOUIS J. MILON'E.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Whipple Aug. 14, 1900 Richardson Aug. 25, 1903 Bean May 23, 1912 Smith et a1 June 25, 1929 White Mar. 25, 1930 Cunningham Oct. 6, 1931 Julien Feb. 9, 1932 Dobie -1 Feb. 25, 1936 Randall et a1. Mar. 21, 1939 Rosling Feb. 27, 1940 Madsen et a1 Oct. 22, 1940 Kaufinann Sept. 18, 1945