US2627985A

US2627985A - Snubber for crane booms

Info

Publication number: US2627985A
Application number: US243844A
Authority: US
Inventors: Curtis J Sathre; Theodore A Cheesman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1951-08-27
Filing date: 1951-08-27
Publication date: 1953-02-10
Anticipated expiration: 1970-02-10

Description

Feb. 10, 1953 c. J. SATHRE ETAL SNUBBER FOR CRANE BOOMS 2 SHEETSSHEET 1 Filed Aug. 27, 1951 CURTIS J. SATHRE BY THEODORE A. CHEESMAN \\v VM m \\\\\\\\\\\v AT TORNEY 1953 c. J. SATHRE ET AL 7,

SNUBBER FOR CRANE BOOMS Filed Aug. 27, 1951 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 INVENTOR. CURTIS J. SATHRE E HEQ DOR E A. CHEEfSMAN ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 10, 1953 SNUBBER FOR CRANE BOOMS C urtisJ. Sathre, Long-view, and Theodorert e ma werei' Application August 27, 1951, Serial No. 243,844 2 Claims. (01. 212-59) 1 Our invention relates to snubbe'rs for crane booms and is particularly adapted to portable cranes. I

The primary object of our invention is to connect a snubber or dashpot mechanism between the .boom and the .body of the crane to prevent the boom from pivoting back over the cab of the crane in the event of cable or tackle breakage.

Heretofore when a crane was being operated, having its boom liftinga heavy load. andin case the cable or tackle broke: loose from the load'the lifting boom would recoil or snap back over the lifting crane mechanism causing great damage as tothe boom, to the crane and ofttimes injuring or killing the operator.

With our new and improved snubber mechanism, the boom is permitted to be raised and lowered in normal operation, but in the event of a sudden release of the load our snubber prevents the said boom from recoiling" or snapping back over the crane mechanism. 7

These and other incidental objects will beapparent in the drawings, specification and claims.

Referring to the drawings: 7 I

Figure 1;is a side view of a portable crane having our new and improved snubber mechanism mounted thereon.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary section of a preferred form of dashpot or snubber arrangement.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the fiuid by-pass valve associated with the snubber cylinders.

Figuree is an end sectional view of Figure 3, taken-online d-rd. M

"Figure 5 is another preferred form of snubber.

Figure 6-illustrates a preferred method ofibalancinggthe fluid within the snubber in its-operation. T

Figure '7 illustrates .the section of the snubber when the load is suddenly released. 7

Figure 8 is anotherjpreferred form of telescopical s'nubber construction, illustrating the use of a piston having by-pass valves therein, including a by-pass for the fluid permitting normal operation of the snubber.

Figure 9 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the by-pass valve.

Referring specifically to the drawings, particularly to Figs. 1 and '7, a typical crane in general is indicated by numeral I, rotatably mounted upon the usual tracks 2, the boom of the crane being indicated at 3 and 'pivotally mounted to the crane at 4. The upper end of the boom is supported by the usual cable 5, which is fixedly secured to the boom at 6 and threaded about the sheav'eat 1 leading downfto the hoisting drums, not here shown.. .l.

The lifting cable 8 isshown trained abouttlie pulleys 9 and I0 and leading downtothelihoi'ste; ing drums, not hereshown. One end of the cable 8 is dead-ended in the usual manner at 'I II," {j

Our invention consists of providingadashpot or snubber I2 consisting of tubular cylinders [3 and 4. The cylinder I4 is pivotally mounted to the upwardly extending frame 15 of the crane I at It, while the cylinder l l is pivotally mounted .to the boom 3 at IT. The cylinder I4 operates with a working fit within the cylinder l3, as best indi-; cated in Figures 2,3 and l -through astufiing box I8. r l 1 Located within the lower end of the cylinder. I4 is a by-pass valve mechanism 19. This-valve mechanism consists of a cylindrical body 20, having a shoulder 2| which fits against the shoulder 22 formed within the end of the cylinder- M, the said valve being locked in place by the threaded plug 23. The body 20 of the valve unithas openings 24 therearound. This portion of.the body is ,slightlysmaller. than the inside diameter. of the cylinder 14. These openings 24 are provided for allowing fiuidto passfrom thecylinder [3 into the cylinder [4, or vice versa as the. snubber operates.

A relative large opening25 is located centrally of the plug 23 which permitsifluid to pass-through the said plug against arelief valve or. piston 2.6. The valve -26:.has -a stem]21- which-is guided through the opening 28 of-the bodylfl of-the valve. A" spring 29 normallyholds the piston-or valve 26 in closed position shown -in -F-igu're When the boom 3-is being raised or lowered-in a normal manner, fluid passes through-"the openin s 30 from the port ?5 'in or --ou't of the valve body 20, and through the-openings 24 frorn-the cylinder l4 or the cylinder liglu'rithout'resistance being oiiered to the said flow of fluid. I

In the event the lboom" {sh ul snap) back towards the cab by failure -of-the takle crime to hold the load being raised, the fluid in the cylinder 13 will be placed under pressure and forced through the port25 and openings 30. As the openings 30 are restricted in size, fluid passage is limited and this functions to snub the boom. If the surge of fiuid is too great to be accommodated by these passages, however, it will exert a pressure against the valve or piston 26 causing it to move towards and open the ports 24, which will allow the fluid to pass directly through these ports rapidly to relieve excess pressure and prevent the boom from being arrested in its recoil movement. When the excess pressure is relieved, the valve 26 will be closed by its spring 21, finally bringing the boom to a standstill before striking the cab of the hoisting unit.

Referring to Figure 6, we illustrate a means of maintaining the fluid within the area of the bypass valve when the snubber is extended or telescoped. A floating piston MA is located in the tube l4 and is-maintained against the fluid by a spring I4B,- although the fluid itself would tend to maintain this piston against the fluid due to vacuum created when the snubber is extended and to the pressure against the pistons when the snubber is telescoped. Air within the tube l4 ahead of the piston MA may escape through the port MC, also air may enter the port 1 3C preventing vacuum being created ahead of the piston when the tubes are extended.

Referring to Figure 8, We illustrate th use of a piston 62 working within the main snubber tube 60, the piston being connected to the piston rod 6|. Relief valves 63 and (54 are located within the piston to by-pass the fluid in the event that the boom recoils backward in case the load lee is suddenly released from the rigging, or in the event the cable 5 should break the boom would be arrested in its fall by the action of the valve iii. The object of the valves 63 and 8 is to gradually retard the movement of the boom without causing an abrupt stoppage of its movement.

A by-pass pipe 65 entering each end of the cylinder 69 having a shut-off valve 68 operated by control rod 69 controls the by-passing of the fluid within the cylinder E under normal boom operation, or it may stop the movement of the boom entirely. For instance in the event the boom was about to fall, the operator could pull the rod 69 which would shut off the by-passing of fluid through the piping 35, but valve 6 1 of the piston 62 would be opened due to the weight of the falling boom, absorbing the initial shock. After the initial shock took place, the valve G l would close stopping the falling of the boom. With this construction it can be readily understood that the recoil of the boom due to release of a heavy load is prevented, also the boom is prevented from falling in the event of cable breakage.

In Figure we illustrate another preferred form that might be used which would be simply a master cylinder 31, having a piston rod 32 slidably mounted therein and having the piston 33 Working within the cylinder 3| against the compression of air being used as a fluid and having an adjustable release valve 34 for governing the escape of air while the piston 33 isbeing operated within the cylinder 3!.

We do not wish to be limited to the exact mechanism used in our snubber or dashpot mechanism, but we have found the one first described in this specification is admirably adapted to carrying out the object of our invention, and that is the recoil or snap back of the boom when the load is suddenly released.

What we claim is:

1. A crane comprising a support, a boom pivotally mounted on said support, means on said support and connected with said boom for raising and lowering said boom, and a telescopic strut pivotally connected between said support and said boom, said telescopic strut including an elongated cylinder and an elongated hollow piston rod slidable in said cylinder and jointly forming a fluid reservoir, the inner end of said piston rod including a piston portion having restricted passages therethrough to enable limited fluid passage between said cylinder and piston rod for permitting normal movement of the boom but restricting rapid flow of fluid and snubbing a sudden uncontrolled movement of the boom, and relief valve means in communication with opposite sides of said piston portion to permit rapid limited flow of fluid past said piston portion to relieve excessive pressure due to a sudden uncontrolled movement of the boom.

2. A crane comprising a support, a boom pivotally mounted on said support, means on said support and connected with said boom for raising and lowering said boom, and a telescopic strut having pivot means at one end connected to said boom and pivot means at the other end connected to said support, said telescopic strut including an elongated cylinder forming a fluid reservoir and an elongated piston rod reciprocal in said cylinder, the outer ends of said cylinder and piston rod respectively supporting said pivot means, av piston portion on the inner end of said piston rod and slidable in said cylinder, restricted passage means in communication with opposite sides of said piston portion to enable limited fluid passage past said piston portion for permitting normal movement of the boom but restricting rapid fluid passage and thereby snubbing a sudden uncon-' trolled movement of the boom, and relief valve means also in communication with opposite sides of said piston portion to permit rapid limited flow of fluid past said piston portion to relieve excessive fluid pressure due to a sudden uncontrolled movement of the boom.

CURTIS J. SATHRE.

THEODORE A. CI-IEESMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle or" this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,281,079 Sears Oct. 8, 1918' 1,281,774 Franckaerts Oct. 15, 1918 2,127,007 Paxton Aug. 16, 1938 2,144,583 Focht Jan. 17,- 1939 2,485,953 Barth Oct. 25, 1949 2,509,686 Huston May 30, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 586,065 France Dec. 22, 1924