US2620925A - Apparatus for the separation of particles - Google Patents

Apparatus for the separation of particles Download PDF

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Publication number
US2620925A
US2620925A US104194A US10419449A US2620925A US 2620925 A US2620925 A US 2620925A US 104194 A US104194 A US 104194A US 10419449 A US10419449 A US 10419449A US 2620925 A US2620925 A US 2620925A
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United States
Prior art keywords
particles
container
helix
water
tubes
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Expired - Lifetime
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US104194A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tedman Donald
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C1/00—Apparatus in which the main direction of flow follows a flat spiral ; so-called flat cyclones or vortex chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C7/00—Apparatus not provided for in group B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Multiple arrangements not provided for in one of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Combinations of apparatus covered by two or more of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K23/00—Making other articles
    • B21K23/04—Making other articles flanged articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H01M4/806—Nonwoven fibrous fabric containing only fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the separation of particles and has for its main object to provide an improved apparatus for effecting the separation of minerals from their ores.
  • the method consists in subjecting a suspension of particles to the action of controlling means whereby centrifugal forces are developed which cause the desired particles to be separated from the suspension and/or the other particles therein.
  • the invention also provides apparatus for effecting the separation of minerals or other particles which comprises a hollow container of substantially circular cross section tapering at each end to form oppositely disposed openings, the central circumferential part being of part tubular formation and having one or more tangential openings therein for the admission of a suspension of particles under pressure.
  • the central circumferential part of the container comprises a part tubular member disposed in the form of a helix which terminates at each end in part tubular members of substantially circular formation to which the tapering parts of the container are sealed in such a way as to form oppositely disposed annular depressions, each convolution of the helix being provided with an inlet tube tangentially disposed with respect to the helix.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are end and side views respectively of an ore separating apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention:
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the container which is composed of glass or other mouldable material consists of a pair of coaxially disposed annular tubular parts I, 8 of substantially equal diameter, such parts having circumferential openings round their inner faces and being spaced apart by a tubular helix 9 which is connected at each end with the two annular tubular parts, and has a circumferential opening around the inner faces of its convolutions.
  • the open-sided tubular helix thus delines a helical groove extending lengthwise of the container.
  • funnel shaped members H To the exterior edges of the circumferential openings in the two spaced annular tubular parts there are sealed a pair of oppositely disposed funnel shaped members H), H having tubular openings i2, I3 through their remote ends in alignment with one another. These funnel 5 bered 16, n, 24 and 25.
  • shaped members may be of hyperbolic shape, their bases forming annular depressions l4, 15 with the walls of the annular tubular parts 1, 8 when they are sealed to the edges thereof.
  • These funnel shaped members I9, ll thus provide two oppositely disposed tubular openings in the container which are coaxial with respect to the two annular tubular parts 7, 8 and the tubular helix 9.
  • , 22, 23 is sealed in such a way as to be tangentially disposed with respect to the circumference of the helix.
  • Similar inlet tubes 24, 25 are sealed into the annular tubular parts I, 8 disposed at the opposite ends of the helix.
  • inlet tubes are disposed in parallel planes substantially at right angles to the main axis of the container.
  • one of the convolutions of the helix, preferably the end one 24, may be provided with an additional inlet tube 21 as shown, this tube also being tangentially disposed with respect to the circumference of the helix.
  • a collector tube 26 may be arranged in the next convolution opposite the inlet tube 16 as shown.
  • Each of the aforesaid inlet tubes is provided with a slight constriction 28, so that the tube converges slightly just before it enters the helix so that when a stream of water and ore is delivered through any one of these tubes, a strong clean jet is formed as it passes from the inlet tube into the interior of the helix.
  • the ore In affecting the separation of mineral such as for example lead sulphide from its ores, the ore is first sifted to form particles of a predetermined size range or mesh range and the resulting ore is mixed with water and forced under pressure into the container through one or more of the aforesaid inlet tubes, the container being preferably arranged with the axis in a horizontal plane.
  • a few of the tubes at or near the central part of the helix are selected for this purpose, and plain water is forced through the re maining tubes, the pressure of water delivered to the tubes increasing successively from one end of the container to the other so that the water delivered through the tubes at one end has a very low pressure, while the water delivered through the tubes at the opposite end has a very high pressure, the pressure of water in which the ore is suspended being intermediate these two extreme pressures.
  • water containing the ore to be separated is forced into the container through the tubes numbered 22 and 23, whil plain water is forced at high pressure through the tubes num- This is usually found to' 3 be sufficient in the case of particles of moderate size, but where the particles are very small, Water at high pressure may also be forced through the remaining inlet tubes numbered l8, I9, 20, 2!.
  • the suspension of ore on entering the container is Whirled round the interior walls of the central convolutions of the helix so as to set up a vortex in which centrifugal forces are developed. These forces cause the particles of the desired mineral to move towards the periphery of the container where they are temporarily retained within the walls of the helix. The remainder of the ore being lighter in weight escapes from the convolutions of the helix and is carried towards one end of the container by the. transverse current developed due to the varying pressure in the helical convolutions and is thus expelled from the funnel shaped part ii at that end of the container.
  • the particles of the desired mineral are carried along the helix by the stream of water and as they approach the high pressure end they are themselves carried out by the transverse current. Due to the pressure falling to zero at each end of the container the transverse currents developed at each end will bein opposite directions and the process of separation will thus be continuous, the particles of mineral being carried out at one end and the lighter particles, such as sand, in suspension will be carried out at the other end I I.
  • the amount of the heavier constituent of the ore proceeding along the helix to the higher pressure end and therefore the degree of separation can be controlled by adjusting the pressures of the Water inlets in the higher pressure half of the helix, or if the ore and water are forced through inlet tubes 22 and 23 by varying the high pressure inlets l6, I1, 24. and 25.
  • the invention is mainly applicable to the separation of minerals from their ores, it may also be employed for sorting a mixture of particles into groups of different sizes, the apparatus being used as a particl classifier or sizer.
  • the aforesaid container may be constructed in a variety of different sizes according to the nature of the ore for which it is to be used.
  • a suitable container for extracting lead sulphide particles of diameters ranging from inch to 4 inch is one in which the overall diameter of the annular tubular part 9 is approximately 2 inches, the product of this diameter and the thickness of the tubular part being approximately 0.6 sq. in.
  • the invention is mainly intended for extracting minerals from their ores, it may also be employed for separating particles of different substances from one another when such substances possess different values of specific gravity.
  • the invention may also be employed for de-sliming an ore, the apparatus beingused to eliminate the very small particles which are liable to interfere with chemical separators, thus obviating the use of screens and like devices.
  • the invention may also be employed to reduce the water/solid ratio in a suspension of solids in water.
  • the ratio of Water to sand by weight say being 10/1
  • this bulk of water may be reduced to a ratio of say 1 of water to 2 of solids by passing th suspension through the separator, as hereinbefore described.
  • An apparatus for separating particles of different specific gravities or sizes comprising a stationary, hollow, circumferentially closed container having a wall of substantially circular internal cross-section, unobstructed tapered fluid-discharge outlets at opposite ends of the container, the Wall of said container being internally formed to provide a continuous, uninterrupted helical groove extending lengthwise between the ends of the container and providing a plurality of complete turns for the migration of separated material along the groove to an end of the container, and a plurality of fluid inlet openings in the wall of the container located at spaced distances along the container intermediate its ends, said inlet openings being disposed tangentially of the helical groove and of approximately the, width of the helical groove for discharging fluid into the helical groove.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
US104194A 1948-11-29 1949-07-12 Apparatus for the separation of particles Expired - Lifetime US2620925A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB30948/48A GB668628A (en) 1948-11-29 1948-11-29 Improved method of and apparatus for the separation of particles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2620925A true US2620925A (en) 1952-12-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US104194A Expired - Lifetime US2620925A (en) 1948-11-29 1949-07-12 Apparatus for the separation of particles

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2620925A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE490371A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE807501C (en(2012))
FR (1) FR991349A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB668628A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL75182C (en(2012))

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2881126A (en) * 1953-05-06 1959-04-07 Glinka Carl Method for extraction of oil from oil-containing minerals
US3667600A (en) * 1968-11-27 1972-06-06 Kazuo Oi Method and apparatus for centrifugal classification

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE526735A (en(2012)) * 1953-03-02

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US468935A (en) * 1892-02-16 Orville m
US696606A (en) * 1900-10-29 1902-04-01 Albert H Stebbins Ore-concentrator.
US762867A (en) * 1901-08-12 1904-06-21 Henry A Allen Ore-separator.
US825807A (en) * 1906-01-15 1906-07-10 Edward J Clarke Oil-trap.
US958942A (en) * 1908-05-26 1910-05-24 Charles E Seymour Apparatus for segregating solids from liquids.
US1505741A (en) * 1922-06-30 1924-08-19 Albert H Stebbins Concentrator
US2102525A (en) * 1936-03-11 1937-12-14 Nichols Eng & Res Corp Separation of solid particles from fluids
US2175563A (en) * 1938-03-11 1939-10-10 Green Edward William Device for separating oil from water contaminated therewith
US2273271A (en) * 1940-12-28 1942-02-17 Frank W Kerns Apparatus for removing solids from fluids
US2301371A (en) * 1939-11-03 1942-11-10 Vernon Tool Co Ltd Centrifugal sand separator

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US468935A (en) * 1892-02-16 Orville m
US696606A (en) * 1900-10-29 1902-04-01 Albert H Stebbins Ore-concentrator.
US762867A (en) * 1901-08-12 1904-06-21 Henry A Allen Ore-separator.
US825807A (en) * 1906-01-15 1906-07-10 Edward J Clarke Oil-trap.
US958942A (en) * 1908-05-26 1910-05-24 Charles E Seymour Apparatus for segregating solids from liquids.
US1505741A (en) * 1922-06-30 1924-08-19 Albert H Stebbins Concentrator
US2102525A (en) * 1936-03-11 1937-12-14 Nichols Eng & Res Corp Separation of solid particles from fluids
US2175563A (en) * 1938-03-11 1939-10-10 Green Edward William Device for separating oil from water contaminated therewith
US2301371A (en) * 1939-11-03 1942-11-10 Vernon Tool Co Ltd Centrifugal sand separator
US2273271A (en) * 1940-12-28 1942-02-17 Frank W Kerns Apparatus for removing solids from fluids

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2881126A (en) * 1953-05-06 1959-04-07 Glinka Carl Method for extraction of oil from oil-containing minerals
US3667600A (en) * 1968-11-27 1972-06-06 Kazuo Oi Method and apparatus for centrifugal classification

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL75182C (en(2012)) 1954-02-15
FR991349A (fr) 1951-10-04
GB668628A (en) 1952-03-19
BE490371A (en(2012)) 1949-07-10
DE807501C (de) 1951-04-19

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