US2619989A - Loom - Google Patents

Description

A. F. SARGENT Dec. 2, 1952 LOOM 2 SHEETS-SHEET l Filed Jan. 8, 1948 -HCD INVENTOR.

AILBERT i SARGENT ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 2, 1952 LOOM Albert F. Sargent, Detroit, Mich., assignor, by mesne assignments, of one-half to Charles S. Johnson and one-half; to Albert F. Johnson, both of Detroit, Mich.

Application January 8, 1948, Serial No. 1,125

The invention relates to looms and more particularly to hand looms of the portable type.

The invention has for one of its objects to provide an improved loom in which the harness frames may be raised by a simple mechanism comprisng levers or treadles connected directly to the harness frames by links.

The invention has for other objects to provide an improved loom in which the harness frames may be held in raised position by a detent; and to so construct and arrange the harness frames and detent that the detent is tripped to release a raised harness frame during the raising of another harness frame.

The invention has for a further object to pro- I vide an improved loom in which the rear raii frame and the breast rail frame of the loom and the levers for raising the harness frames are foldable from operative positions to collapsed posi Figure 1 is a perspective View of a loom embodying the invention and shown in operative position;

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the loom in its collapsed or folded position;

"Figura 3 is a sectional View from front to rear of the loom in operative position;

Figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating the harness frames and the mechanism for actuating the same;

Figures 5 and 6 are cross sections on the lines 5-5 and 5 6 respectively of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a cross section on the line l--l of Figure 3.

The loom as illustrated is a hand loom having the main frame I comprising the base 2 and the upright 3. The base is formed of the parailel side members 4 Secured to the lower end of the upright and extending transversely, forwardly and rearwardly thereof. the intermediate. parallel members 5, the mounting member 6 between and Secured to the intermediate members near the forward ends thereof, the cross members 'i extending between the side members 4 and beneath the intermediate members and Secured to the lower edges of the side members at their forward and rearward ends and the cross members 8 extending between the side members and secured to` the upper edges thereof at opposite sides of the upright 3. The upright 3 comprises:

5 Clams. (CI. 139-33) 2 the upright members 9, the cross members ID and the top member I I, the upright members extending between the cross members 8 and being fixedly Secured at their lower ends to the side members 4 while the cross members li! and top member II are fixedly secured to the upper end portions of the upright members. The upright members are provided on their outer sides with the guides |2 which extend longitudinally of the upright members substantially midway between their forward and rearward edges.

The loom also has the rear rail frame !3 and the breast rail frame !4. The rear rail frame comprises the side members !5 and th rear rail [6, the side members being pivotally connected at their lower ends to the rearward ends of the side members 4 of the base by the pivot ll, and the rear rail extending between and being secured to the upper ends of the side members !3. The breast rail frame comprises the side mem bers 18 and the breast rail !9 with the side members !8 pivotally connected at their lower ends to the forward ends of the side members 4 of the base by the pivots 20, and the breast rail extending between and being Secured to the upper ends of the side members !8.

The rear rail and breast rail frames are foldable from operative position in which they diverge upwardly from the side members 4 of the base to a. collapsed position in which they extend substantially parallel to the upright of the main frame and within the vertical confines of the base. For holding the rear rail and breast rail frames in either of these positions, I have provided at each side of the loom, the links 2l, 22 and 23. The inner end portions of the links 2l and 22 are pivotally connected to the link 23 while the outer end portions are pivotally connected to the side members of the rear rail and breast rail frames near their upper ends. The inner ends of the links 2| and 22 are rounded and spaced apart to receive therebetween the associated guide l2. The pivots connecting the links 2l and 22 to the link 23 are preferably provided with thumb nuts adapted to be tightened down to clamp the links together in either the lower or upper positions of the inner ends of the links 2l and 22 to thereby hold the rea-r rail and breast rail frames in their operative or collapsed positions.

The loom has the harness frames 24 which are slidably mounted in suitable vertical tracks at the laterally inner sides of the upright members 9 for vertical reciprocation. Each harness frame is formed in the usual manner with the upper and lower heddle rods 25 and 26 respectively which in turn carry the heddles 21 having the eyes 28 intermediate their ends through which the warp threads 29 are threaded.

The mechanism for raising the harness frames comprises the levers or treadles 30 and the links 3l, there being one lever and one link for each heddle frame. The levers are located between and extend substantially parallel to the intermediate members of the base and are pivotally' mounted on the mounting 6. The levers are of different length so that the links connecting the levers to their respective heddle frames extend substantially vertically. To substantially equalize the lever arms of the levers whereby substan tially the same pressure upon the free ends of the levers is required to raise each of the harness frames, the levers are pivotally mounted in pairs with the pivots located at different distances from the ends of the levers connected to the links. Each of 'the levers is foldable to make the loom more compact when the rear rail and breast rail-frames are collapsed. More in detail, each lever comprises the rearward and forward end portions 32 and-33 pivotally connected to each other forwardly of the mounting 6 and having adjacent bevelled ends with the bevelled end of the portion 33 extending beneath the bevelled end of the portion 32 so that downward pressure upon the forward free ends of the portions 33 compels upward movement of the ends of the portions 32 connected to. the links sa. As shown, the portions 32 and 33 are pivotally connected to each other by the side bars se extending longitudinally of and fixedly secured to the porv tion 32 and also extending at opposite sides of the portion 33 and pivotally connected thereto, The Construction is such that when the rear rail and breast rail frames are folded to eollapsed position as shown in Figure 2. the forward end portions of the levers may also be folded by being swung. .upwardly to occupy a collapsed position closely adjacent to the Vertical confines ,of the base of the frame. i

To hold the harness frames in raised position Without the necessity of holding down the forward free ends of the levers, I have .provided detent means on the upright 3 of the main frame engageable with shoulder means on each of the heddle frames 24. The detent means preferably comprises the detent 35 carried. by each of the upright members a and the shoulder means come prises 'the projections 36 upon the adjacent side' bars of each of the heddle frames having at their lower ends the shoulders 37 engageable with the detent. near the lower end of the associated side bar of the heddle frame and is slidable in a vertical groove 38 in the laterally inner side of the side member 9 and forming a track for. the heddle frame. There is also the projection 39 at the upper end of the side bar of each heddle frame engageable in a vertical track groove and cooperating With the projection 35 of the associated heddle frame for guiding the same during its vertical reciprocation. Each detent s is in the nature of a plate adapted to fulcrum about its lower end from an operative position in which its upper end extends laterally inwardly beyond the bottoms of the grooves 38 to a position laterally outwardly of the bottoms of the grooves to an inoperative position. The detent' plates in their operative positions are engageable with the shoulders 31 of the projections ,36 to hold the heddle frames in their raised positions, it being apparent that when the detent plates are in their Each of the projections 3.6 is located CS l inoperative positions they clear the projections 36 so that the heddle frames may lower by gravity. Each detent plate extends within the recess 40 of a side member 9, the recess having its laterally inner and outer sides conve rging downwardly and inclined laterally outwardly and the width of the recess at its lower end being slightly greater than the thickness of the detent plate. The Construction is such that when the loom is supported upon a, horizontal surface, each detent plate inherently tends to occupy a position in which the upper end of the plate extends laterally inwardly beyond the bottoms of the track grooves'for the heddle frames.

The projections 36 have at their upper ends the cam surfaces 31' which are engageable with the upper ends of the cam plates when the heddle frames are being raised to move the upper ends laterally outwardly into the recess 40. As a result, it will be seen that the detent plate is tripped to release a raised harness frame during the rai'sing of another harness frame so that the first raised harness frame may return by gravity to its normal position. The tripping action of the detent plate is facilitated by rounding the laterally outer lower end portions of the projections. The length of the vertical laterally outer faces of the projections 36 is such that after the tripping of the detent plate the harness frame being raised must be further raised before the detent plate iseng'ageable with the shoulder at the lower end of the projection so that if it is desired to release a raised harness frame and have' all of the harness frames in their lowered normal positions this may be readily accomplished by movine one of the harness frames upwardly to apoint sufiicient to trip the detent plate and then allow the harness frame being raised to lower before the detent plate engages the shoulder `on the last harnessframe It is apparent that the detent may hold one tor more of the harness frames in raised position. i i

The usual Warp beam 4! upon which the.

threads 29 are Originally wound is rotatably' mounted upon the rear rail frame [3 and is held from accidental rotat'on by the ratchet wheel ,42 secured to one end of the warp beam and the pawl or dog 43 engaging the ratchet wheel and mount-.j ed upon one of the side members !5 of therear rail frame. The threads pass from the warp beam forwardly, upwardly and over the rear rail !6 forwardly through the intermediate eyes of the heddles 21 between the reeds carried by the reed frame 44 over the front breast rail frame !9 and then downwardly to the bar 45 which'iscennectedto the cloth beam 46 by the cord 41. The reed frame 44 is carried by the usual beater frame 48, the side members of which are pivotally connected at their lower ends to the forward cross member 8 by the b'ackets 49 secured to this cross member by the cross pin 50. The cloth beam es is rotatably mounted upon the breast rail frame M by the pivot pin 5! which pivotally connects the links 22 to the breast rail frame and the cloth beam is held from accidental rotation by the ratchet wheel 52 secured to one end of the cloth beam and the pawl or dog 53 pivotally mounted on one of the side members !8 of the breast rail frame and engaging the ratchet wheel.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A loom comprising a main frame, a harness frame vertically reciprocable relative to said main frame, a rear rail frame and a breast rail frame main frame to be movable from a spread-apart position to a folded upright position, a link pivotally connected to said harness frame and extending downwardly therefrom and a lever pivotally mounted on said main frame and pivotally connected to said link to raise said harness frame upon lowering movement of the free end of said lever, said lever having its free end foldable to an upright position closely adjacent to the confines of said rear rail and breast rail frames in folded upright position.

2. A loom comprising a main frame, harness frames arranged side by side and vertically reciprocable relative to said main frame, a link pivotally connected to each of said harness frames and extending downwardly therefrom and a lever extending transversely of said harness frames and pivotally connected to each of said links and pivotally mounted onsaid main frame, said levers being of different length so that said links extend substantially vertically and the pivots for said levers being located on said main frame to substantially equalize the lever arms of said levers Whereby substantially the same pressur is required to raise each of said harness frames.

3. A loom comprising a main frame, a harness frame vertically reciprocable relative to said main frame, a rear rail frame and a breast rail frame at opposite sides of said harness frame and pivotally mounted at their lower ends on said main frame to be movable from a spreadapart position to a folded upright position, links pivotally connected to said rail frames and having spaced adjacent ends, a guide on said mam frame between said ends and a third link pivotally connected to said. adjacent ends and eX- tending over said guide.

4. A loom comprising a main frame, a harness frame vertically reciprocable relative to said main frame, a rear rail frame and a breast rail frame at opposite sides of said harness frame and pivotally mounted at their lower ends on said main frame to be movable from a spreadapart position to a folded upright position, a link pivotally connected to said harness frame and extending downwardly therefrom and a lever comprising a rearward end portion and a forward end portion for raising said harness frame upon lowering movement of said forward end portion, said rearward end portion being pivotally connected to said link and said forward end portion being pivotally connected to and extending beneath said rearward end portion and being movable to an upright position closely ad- 6 ja'cent to the confines of said rear rail and breast rail frames in folded upright position.

5. A loom comprising a main frame, a harness frame vertically reciprocable relative to said main frame, a rear rail frame and a, breast rail frame at opposite sides of said. harness frame and pivotally mounted at their lower ends on said main frame to be movable from a spread apart position to a folded upright position, a link pivotally connected to said harness frame and extending downwardly therefrom and a lever comprsing a rearward end portion and a forward end portion for raising said harness frame upon lowering movement of said forward end portion, said rearward end portion being pivotally connected to said link and said forward end portion being pivotally connected to and having a portion for abutting said rearward end portion upon lowering movement of said forward end portion, said forward end portion clearing said rearward end portion upon raising movement of said forward end portion to provide for moving said forward end portion to upright position closely adjacent to the confnes of said rear rail and breast rail frames in folded upright position.

ALBERT F. SARGENT.

REFEREN CES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 326,071 Urbahn Sept. 8, 1885 367,028 Du Bos July 26, 1887 688,500 Booze Dec. 10, 1901 1,904,715 Bergman Apr. 18, 1933 1,907,460 Strohacker May 9, 1933 2,209,597 Clark et al July 30, 1940 2,241,318 Robson May 6, 1941 2,253,329 Gallinger Aug. 19, 1941 2,257,455 Clark Sept. :30, 1941 2,274,326 Gallinger Feb. 24, 1942 2,342,391 Dykes et al Feb. 22, 1944 2,468,880 Johnson et al. May 3, 1949 2,556,643 Booth June 12, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 5,564 Norway Nov. 26, 1896 25,347 Netherlands Nov. 16, 1931 50,499 Denmark July 23, 1935

Images