US2617251A - Gas escape reaction propulsion device - Google Patents

Gas escape reaction propulsion device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2617251A
US2617251A US73364A US7336449A US2617251A US 2617251 A US2617251 A US 2617251A US 73364 A US73364 A US 73364A US 7336449 A US7336449 A US 7336449A US 2617251 A US2617251 A US 2617251A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
charge
propulsion device
gas escape
reaction propulsion
disc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US73364A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexander C Hutchison
Wilson Matthew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Publication of US2617251A publication Critical patent/US2617251A/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H29/00—Drive mechanisms for toys in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/007—Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
    • F02K9/32—Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for
    • F02K9/34—Casings; Combustion chambers; Liners thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the provision of an improved gas escape reaction propulsion device.
  • the invention has for an object to provide a simple, safe and efficient self-contained gas escape reaction propulsion device containing a solid charge of a thermally actuable hot gas generating composition within a casing having a perforated wall element providing a gas vent to the exterior that will maintain an internal pressure and retain its predetermined dimensions until the charge is consumed, by means of which there may be propelled a toy, model or the like to which it is attached.
  • rockets can be used for propulsion purposes.
  • the conventional firework rockets are less emcient than is desirable owing to their high yield of solid combustion products from blackpowder and like compositions tending to clog narrow orifices, and because of the high rate of combustion index and consequent liability of such compositions to explode when the gases are allowed to rise appreciably in pressure before they escape. Consequently, the thrust it is possible to maintain on the toy or model is undesirably limited. They are also unsuitable for use indoors.
  • the said compressed compact charge if desired may be formed in situ in said cylindrical casing.
  • the said compressed compact charge may consist of a preformed pellet of a 'width to form a tight fit in said cylindrical casing.
  • the cylindrical casing may comprise a single tube capable of being provided with a turnover fold at each end or may comprise two telescopically closely fitting tubes one well inside the other and adhesively bonded together, each tube having a turnover fold at its free end.
  • a portion of the insulating material of the cylindrical casing wall not in contact with said charge is deformable under a predetermined pressure in excess of the desired working gas 7 more than 1 percent of vanadium pentoxide.
  • aliphatic acid selected from the group consisting of tartaric, citric, fumaric and maleicacids may be employed in partial replacement, or even in amounts ranging from about 20-30% in complete substitution of the polynitrophenol or poly.- nitrosophenol.
  • There may also advantageously be present in the composition preferably not more than one percent of asbestos fibre which increases the available power by assisting the decomposition, and if desired also preferably not more than 0.5 percent of potassium nitrate which assists the ignitability; Charges based on mixtures of guanidine nitrate and polynitrophenols or polynitrosophenols are claimed in co-pending application Ser. No. 42,948.
  • Other sensitizers that may be used in the case of guanidine nitrate include 101 instance, chromates, dichromates and.
  • trocellulose ammonium molybdate or molybdic acid with asbestos, or cuprous chloride or cupric oxide in amounts ranging from about 3to 12%.
  • chromates, dichromates or polychromates of the alkali. metals or ammonium may be used.
  • local heating means' is introduced through a controlling gas escape hole by the operator and may consist for instance of a length of fuse or match composition in the form of a thread or mounted on a wire, the protruding portion of which is then lit.
  • the local heating means may also take theform of a length of wire orthe like that has been heated for instance in a domestic fire, gas flame or even match flame. It will be appreciated that the device as marketed does not have exposed fuse or like means of ignition.
  • the gases generated by the decomposition of the sensitized guanidine nitrate or nitroguanidine composition are usually accom-.
  • predetermined pressure in excess of the workin pressure is attained, but sinee in affixing the terminal wall element to the insulating material forming said Wallthe latter must be deformed, for instance, by turning itsend over the rigid terminal wall element, it; is convenient to arrange to form the cylindrical casing wall of such material that this turnover fold will unfold itself if a predetermined pressure in excess of the desired working pressure shouldbe developed withinthe device, this predetermined pressure being low enough to ensure. that an emergency as escape exit will thus be established before any dangerof the, charge decomposing in an explosive manner could arise,
  • FIG. 1 represents on an increased scale alongitudinalgaxial sectionand Fig.
  • B isthemain gas producing charge of-a composition consisting. for instance. of av strongly, compressed into the resulting container wall whereotthe .baseand sides are. supported in the press.
  • 3 is. asmall. charge of. ignition composition consisting for instance of 2:4 dinitro-v resorcinol.
  • tinplate disc .4 which is-provided with a cylin-.
  • FIG.3 represents on an increased scale alongitudinal axial section
  • Fig. 4 an end view of adevice suitable for the driving of a toy vehicle.
  • FIG. 9 is a cardboard cylinder turned over a thick cardboard disc I0 as shown at II and telescopically fitting into and adhesively bonded to another cardboard cylinder- I Zturned, overa tinplate disc l 3 as shown at l4.
  • the disc 13 is supported at the,
  • the tinplate disc I3 is-provided witha cylindrical hole [6 of a diameter approximatelyone-tenth ofthat of the disc.
  • the inner and outer; cylinders have.- each alength; of 3.8 cms,
  • the internal diameter of the inner cylinder 9,is.-1-. 9 cm. and theex-v ternal diameterofthe outer cylinder I2 is 2.05 cm.
  • the diameter oftheorifice is 0.19 cm.
  • I? is a preformedgasrprodncing pellet closely fitting in the inner cylindereii and is of the same, composition and weight as 8 of Fig. 1.
  • I8- is a piece of wire gauze fitting tightly inthe inner cylinder and placed over-a wick or igniting fuse t9.
  • the combined length of the. pellet I1, gauze I8 and wick l9 isapproximately 2-.1 cm. and the space between the end of-tlrieclr1argev I] and the tere minal disc.
  • I3- isapproximately 0.75, cm.
  • The. device according to this embodiment of 2 the invention is very. easily: assembled.
  • the cy1+- inders. 9 "and 12. are. each .providedwith a. turned; over end ll and-Mrrespectively-
  • the cardboard disc 10 is. pushed into cylinder 9 against.” the turned overend. ll.
  • An improved self-contained gas escape reaction propulsion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weakened portion of said casing consists of a turnover fold of said insulating material which is capable of being unfolded by a predetermined pressure in excess of the desired working pressure within the device.
  • An improved self-contained gas escape reaction propulsion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical casing comprises a single tube provided with a turnover fold at each end.
  • cylindrical casing comprises two telescopically closely fitting tubes adhesively bonded together, each of said tubes having a turnover fold at its free end.
  • An improved self-contained gas escape reaction propulsion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said charge comprises guanidine nitrate and said sensitizer is a derivative of phenol containing a plurality of substituent groups each consisting of a nitrogen atom attached exclusive to at least one terminal oxygen atom and to one of the nuclear carbon atoms of phenol, said sensitizer being present in substantial amount not exceeding about 20% of the weight of the guanidine nitrate.
  • An improved self-contained gas escape reaction propulsion device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said phenol derivative comprises 8 to 20% of the weight of the guanidine nitrate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US73364A 1948-03-03 1949-01-28 Gas escape reaction propulsion device Expired - Lifetime US2617251A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB6636/48A GB645897A (en) 1948-03-03 1948-03-03 Improvements in or relating to gas-escape reaction propulsion devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2617251A true US2617251A (en) 1952-11-11

Family

ID=9818061

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US73364A Expired - Lifetime US2617251A (en) 1948-03-03 1949-01-28 Gas escape reaction propulsion device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2617251A (xx)
DE (1) DE908353C (xx)
FR (1) FR981035A (xx)
GB (1) GB645897A (xx)
NL (2) NL145064B (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2771212A (en) * 1955-02-08 1956-11-20 Jr William L Effinger Rocket power unit
US2836172A (en) * 1955-05-02 1958-05-27 Aerojet General Co Torch
US2912931A (en) * 1951-10-23 1959-11-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Kick-off for gas-lift wells
US3032972A (en) * 1956-12-21 1962-05-08 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Propellants
CN110734353A (zh) * 2019-10-24 2020-01-31 龚继海 一种燃气式超细干粉灭火系统用气体发生剂及其制备方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR360787A (fr) * 1904-11-09 1906-05-03 Dinamite Nobel Sa Procédé pour l'obtention de nouveaux explosifs de guerre et de mine
US826293A (en) * 1903-12-10 1906-07-17 Wilhelm Theodor Unge Propelling charge for air-torpedoes, &c.
FR502560A (fr) * 1916-08-21 1920-05-19 Procedes Westinghouse Leblanc Torpille aérienne
FR831496A (fr) * 1937-01-04 1938-09-05 Sageb Projectile muni d'une fusée propulsive
US2165263A (en) * 1939-07-11 Macfie holm
US2229208A (en) * 1936-10-22 1941-01-21 Ici Ltd Gas generating cartridge
US2440271A (en) * 1944-06-26 1948-04-27 Us Sec War Rocket projectile

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2165263A (en) * 1939-07-11 Macfie holm
US826293A (en) * 1903-12-10 1906-07-17 Wilhelm Theodor Unge Propelling charge for air-torpedoes, &c.
FR360787A (fr) * 1904-11-09 1906-05-03 Dinamite Nobel Sa Procédé pour l'obtention de nouveaux explosifs de guerre et de mine
FR502560A (fr) * 1916-08-21 1920-05-19 Procedes Westinghouse Leblanc Torpille aérienne
US2229208A (en) * 1936-10-22 1941-01-21 Ici Ltd Gas generating cartridge
FR831496A (fr) * 1937-01-04 1938-09-05 Sageb Projectile muni d'une fusée propulsive
US2440271A (en) * 1944-06-26 1948-04-27 Us Sec War Rocket projectile

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2912931A (en) * 1951-10-23 1959-11-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Kick-off for gas-lift wells
US2771212A (en) * 1955-02-08 1956-11-20 Jr William L Effinger Rocket power unit
US2836172A (en) * 1955-05-02 1958-05-27 Aerojet General Co Torch
US3032972A (en) * 1956-12-21 1962-05-08 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Propellants
CN110734353A (zh) * 2019-10-24 2020-01-31 龚继海 一种燃气式超细干粉灭火系统用气体发生剂及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL145064B (nl)
NL78664C (xx)
GB645897A (en) 1950-11-08
DE908353C (de) 1954-02-25
FR981035A (fr) 1951-05-21

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