US2612877A - Stove or furnace for heating water - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 7, 1952 R. G. CUBITT STOVE OR FURNACE FOR HEATING WATER 2 SHEETSSHEET 1 Filed Oct. 25, 1949 INVENTOK Oct. 7, 1952 cUBflTT 2,6123

STOVE OR FURNACE FOR HEATING WATER Filed 001;. 25, 1949 2 SHEETS--SHEET 2 J3 E64. 2.1 5 j n a n, t 2 :"L r" mm m Mme/woe H 'Ron Afilvo 6.6115137 x Patented Oct. 7, 1952 STOVE OR FURNACE FOR HEATING Rowland George Cubitt, Great Bookliam,

England Application October 25, 1949, Serial No. 123,429 1 In Great Britain October 27, 1948 4 Claims; (01. 123-30) 5 Thi inventionhas reference tostoves or furnaces for heating water, particularly to such stoves or furnaces as are used forproviding a domestic hot water supply or for central heating.

Theinvention relates particularly to furnaces of the type wherein a fuel magazine or hopper for the fuel is provided above a combustion space, to which space the fuel feeds by gravity from the saidmagazine or hopper, means being provided forfeeding air' "for combustion through the fuel in the combustion space, means also being provided, for? feeding additional or secondary air downwardly on to the combustion space. With furnaces 'Of this type, the burning fuel is gener-' ally supported by means of bars forming a grate or grid so that the ashes can pass therethrough to an ash pit beneath. v

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a construction of stove or furnace in which bituminous or soft coal can be used as the fuel and substantially continuous burning obtained, the construction resulting in a more complete combustion with consequent reduction'and eli nation in solid deposits and smoke emission than would be obtained if fuel of this type were to be'used in a water heating furnace of usual construction.

A 'furtherobject of the invention is to provide a construction of furnace for heating water par-' ticularly for domestic hot water supply and central heating, in which the production of volatile productsis kept to a minimum until the raw fuel is actually within the combustion space;

Another object of the invention is to provide an arrangement in which a very complete combustion of the fuel on the combustion space is obtained, by arranging the air feeds to the combustion space so that combustion products are drawn through the mass of burning fuel, thus minimizing the amount of solid products passing to the flue or outlet. 7 w

A still. further object of the invention is to provide a construction of furnace wherein the combustion space is beneath a jacketted water space so that efiicient heat transference is obtained and wherein the air is fed to the combustion space insuch a way that it tends to maintain the fuel in the hopper cool and at the same time is to some extent pre-heated.

A preferred construction of furnace, by way of example of the invention, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a sectional side view of a stove or furnace on the line ll Figure 3; 1

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view on the line 2-2,'Figure 1, omitting the grate, and

Figure 3 is a sectional plan View on the line 3+3, Figure 1.

In the drawings, the stove housing is fabricated from metal plate and refractory material,

and includes a front plate l0, side plates lllandi a water jacket 12, the front and side plates being lined with a suitable material I3, wit1hthe water; jacket l2 extending between thesideplates. lower part of the front plate l0 is'op'en and;.a

suitable ash pit door [4 is provided for'said open ing. Said door may have an adjustable air inlet but preferablyonly a small amount of air fed to the fire space through the door. The water jacket I 2 has a frontwall l 2a sloping downwardly and forwardly'to meet the lower jacket wall which downward above thefcom;

slopes rearwardly and bustionspac e C.

The grate constituting the bottom of the, ,comj-f bustion space may be of any convenient form and it is preferred to provide a construction'in which" an agitatingmovement canbe imparted thereto so that the clearing of the ash. to the ash P1 can be assisted by such movement. In the construcftion illustrated, the grate consists of twosetsof members orbars l5, l6, each of'grid-like form? and arranged so that when in position, the mem;

bers l6 interlace with the members |5, leaving spaces Hid, however, forth'e ash to pass to "the ash pit. The members or bars l6 are unitedIb'y two transverse or cross bars l6a, [6a, the endsof which at' each side of the grate are supported by a plate 28, said endsbeing received in slots 28:;

in said plate. The members or bars 1 5 are united at the front end by a transverse part [5a so that this set of members is of a comb 'like form, and

by a transverse rear cross bar l 5d.

It will be seen that the comb-like member coinprising the set of bars [5 and transverse'membe'rfs' l5a, I5d, is supported solely by the transverse'or 'f cross-bars Ilia carrying the other set. Agitating or riddling movement can be imparted to the set of bars IS in any known manner, for ex'ample by employing a hooked poker the end of which can engage a hole'in the transverse part l5a. The members or bars l5 are also united at the rear by the'upper transverse rear bar I! which is of grid-like form and also serves-to prevent-fuel from gravitating down the grate. e

A further sloping fire bar member I8 is. also bracket supports 20.

is throated at 22, the lower end of the baffle plate curving or bending rearwardly around the bottom plate of thewater jacket. The lining l3 to: the front It! is also provided with a number of, passageways 23 which serve as ducts communi eating from above the stove to the fire grateand- 3 which serve to feed air to beneath the combustion space. It will be understood that any suitable ducting'maybe providedat the; front, for

example, a, passage or passageways: of suitable shape may be provided between the front wall [0 and lining 13.

The top of the stove is covered by a suitable removable cover plate 24 which-is perforateorapertured, and the arrangement maybe such, that the opening or closing of the apertures can be controlled. The said controlling means may con- 4 between the side plates spaced from the front wall of the water back and defining therewith a. downdraft. air duct, the; baflle. plate terminating. at itslower; end in a lip spaced. from the bottom wall of the water back and directing the draft substantially parallel to the water back bottom wall, grate means mounted between the lower parts of the side plates and declining rearwardly directly beneath the water back bottom sist of a plate slidably mounted; theJarrange-Q ment being such that air control through "the ducts 22, 23 and the hopper space between the bafile 2| and the front plate, can be controlled simultaneously. It. will be understood, however, that=the combustion air fromthe several sources can..bc.i.ndependently controlled so thatany desiredproportion.canpass.to thecombustion. space 7 through the, various paths.

The .combustionspaceC leadsto. a suitableflue. outlet; 25, whilstinlet .and..outlet..pipes..26, '21,.

respectively areprovided for the water-jacket.

The. constructionis such. that the .fuel..can.-

burnon. the grate,.whilst.the space between. the.

frontwalllll and .the. bafileplate. 2| comprises a hopper-serving to feed the raw fuelon to. theburning fuel as combustion proceeds. The. rawv fuelis maintained at a temperature. which. is

sufliciently. lowtoprevent. distillation until it reaches the combustion space,.i. e. until. itis in physicallcontact withthe burning. fuel, so thatno.

smokeissues from the. hopper.,. Further the ar-- rangement. of.the.' air. duct, above the. combustion space is such. that air. is. introduced. at thetopof the. burningfueleither; by,-natural..or forced.

drau htand owing. to. .thenarrowing of this. duct and-theliplikeendto the plate .21, the. air. will sweep across the.- burning. fuel. assisted by. the. rearwardly. turned lip .of. the plate 21. which. will.

resultin. combustion of smoke .and volatile mate. ten-bycontactwith .the. incandescent. material. on .-the..fireb.ed.. The...duct outletmay. ifv desired beformedas a plurality. of: jets and thelower. end.

is,fo.rme.d..as a lip sothatair .tendsto flow from said. lip. edge-across .the .burning. fuel.v The supply of unburnt. fuel to the. firebed isdetermined. partly. by. theshaping of the water jacket and,this..results-in fuel. on the bed being main.- talnedin general in a definite contour on thetop: surface over which ,the air sweeps.

The..fire.-grate slopes at Ya suitableangle. so that theangleds-less than .the angle at the top surfacecfthe. fuel bed. a convenient angle for the grate being between; l5f.-35 .to the horizontal.

The: arrangement; results in the. rapid transfer of;fuel fromthe hopperintothe combustion zone and'greducesrthezprerignition period ofitheraw 11A furnace for heating-watercomprising a front plate andside-plates, a water back betweenthe side'plates and including 'a bottom wall .de-L clining==rearwardly and a front.-wall2rising-rupeu wardlyand-rearwardly therefrom, a: bailie plate wall, means defining air passages extending downwardly and opening directly above the forwardend'ofthe grate means, an outlet flue communicating with the combustion space between the grate and water back bottom wall and surrounded by water of the water back.

2. The furnace according to claim. 1 andwhereinthe baffleplateincludes a. lowerforwardl'r. decliningportion defining. with the front wall];

of thewater. backa throatedportion. of the. air. duct.

3. The furnace according to claim.-1.and..where-. in. the water .back. bottom. wall. andgrate .con.-.-

verge from front to rear.

4.'A furnace for heating. water, comprising, acasingincluding a front wall having an.open.-.- ing leading to an ash pit, a door for said open-. ing, a rear wall having top and bottom..water.. inlet andoutlet connections-and also having. a

bottom exhaust flue opening, side walls, .a bot-v tom wall, and a top wall at least aportion of, 'whichis. open, a cover for said vtop.wall,.a grate having its front end located at the uppersideof.

the opening in the frontwall. and. extending downwardly and rearwardly... toward. the. bottom. of the.exhaust flue meansforming a waterback. including the said-back. and. side walls..and.a. front. wall which is: forwardly. and. downwardly. inclined and. .whose..lower .portion. .is inclined; downwardly andrearwardly. to meet a horizontal.- I wall at the .top of the exhaustfiue and which 1. latter wall meetsa vertical wall. spaced from.the... back wall to complete the water backabout. the.

exhaust flue, a baffle. plate extending..in...part perpendicularly downward. from adjacent...the

I opening in the top wall to. a pointspacediromn thefront inclined wall of thewater backwhere it continues in spaced parallel. relation to .the

said inclined wall, said bafileplateforminga downdraft air'duct. in relation to .the. waterback and discharging over the-firebed on.the grate toward the outletfiue and also cooperating. withthe first mentioned front and sidewalls to. pro.-

vide a raw fuel. hopper accessible by removing. saidcoverqfrom the top wall, and meansatthe inner. side. of the firstmentionedfront wall having air ducts leading from beneath. the covento the front end of the grate.

ROWLAND GEORGE. CUBI'IZT.

REFERENCES CITED file of this patent:

UNITED STATES. PATENTS.

Number Name Date 504,635 Stroh Sept. 5,-1893 513,244 Newton Jan. 23; 1894 552,911 Kna-uss- Jan. 14,1896- 905,366 Reck Dec. 1, 1908 1,000,038 Reck Aug. 8, 1911. 1,042,036 Rider Oct. 22,- 1912 1,146,743 Thompson July,- 13, 1915 1,501,847 Howellr July-15,1924 2,295,781 Fellows et al Sept. 15,1942- 2,340,43l Satchwell Feb..1,.1944 2,534,377 Satchwell et al .Dec. 19, 1950.

The. following references are of record in the

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