US2609993A - Impact pulverizing mill, including both cooling and vacuum means - Google Patents

Description

S 3 1 RM Y S t o E. N e T N a A e NP R 9 E h E o 0 M S V M .v M n 2 w a A m m PM V S Y m 3 .B A j G 1 R. PLANIOL l 9 l l I I l I I h II Sept. 9, 1952 IMPACT PULVERIZING MILL, INCLUDING BOTH COOLIN Filed Feb. 6, 1947 R. PLANIOL Sept. 9, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 6, 1947 M Wm Q vM mm m d #mm mg i mm mm MN QQ kw w 2 ll Q MW 3 w A i h UEI B 1 m m /.||I. m Q. m T m k @u WWW I. \L R 9 mm Q i N ri Am 9 w i 3 J m Sept. 9, 1952 R. PLANIOL 2,609,993

IMPACT PULVERIZING MILL, INCLUDING BOTH COOLING AND VACUUM MEANS Filed Feb. 6, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 8 WW I 1/ [Xi E H INVENTOR Rene P10221105 W ATTO R N EY S Patented Sept. 9, 1952 IMPACT PULVERIZING MILL, INCLUDING BOTH COOLING AND VACUUM MEANS Ren Planiol, New York, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Plaroc, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application February 6, 1947, Serial No. 726,907 In Canada April 9, 1946 The present invention relates to attrition methods and mills.

It is among the objects of the invention to provide a method and a mill of the above type which can be operated without resort to steam or other high pressure fluids for a high output of finely comminuted material for a given bulk of machine and a given power consumption and which shall be effective for adequately comminuting even relatively'recalcitrant materials.

Another object is to provide a method and mill of the above type by which the comminution' is effected without much evolution of heat so that the comminution may be effected to any desired degree of fineness without impairing or altering the physical or chemical state even of heat sensitive organic materials being comminuted.

,In the accompanying drawings, in which is, shown one of various possible embodiments of the invention,

4 Claims. (Cl. 241-67) Fig. 1 is aview of the mill in longitudinal cross section, V

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view on a larger scale radially through the rotor, its bearing and the impact ring, and showing only one of the guide vanes,

Fig. 3 is a detailed view in transverse cross section, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a view in transverse cross section on a larger scale, taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detailview on a greatly enlarged scale, taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2 and with parts broken away,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view with parts broken away, taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 2, i

Fig. 7 is a transverse cross section on a larger scale, taken on line '!'1 of Fig. 6, and

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the hub, showing one of the guide vanes in'detail.

Referring now to the drawings, the mill comprises a base havingisupporting columns 10 on suitable foundation H and carrying a system of beams I2 bolted thereto and in turn carrying the cylindrical housing I3 rising therefrom, bolted thereto at and enclosing the operating parts of themill. i

The housing has a cover.

I5 upon the neck I6 of which rests the conicalbottomll ofthe f hopper H, the mouth of which delivers the granules, flakes, or other-small particles to be comminuted or pulverized to the center of a rotor plate It coaxial therewith.

The rotor plate has an axle l8 with,,rotatable in ball bearings i9; and 20 in a support structure 2| therefor mounted upon the integral therebase structure. The axle also has a bearing? thereabout between said ball bearings. Desirably the rotor mounting structure is itself a casing which encloses the electric driving motor 22 that is bolted at 24 against the lower face of a flange plate 23 and connected by a coupling 25 to the a lower end of the upright rotor axle I8.

The rotor plate is encompassed by an impact ring I affixed as by bolts 26 to a flange 21 rigid with and desirably welded to the cover I5. Against this impact ring, the material is centrifugally hurled and thereby comminuted.

The housing I3 is hermetically sealed and maintained under a substantial vacuum by sucr tion applied through pipe 28 from a suitable vacuum pump (not shown), thereby to eliminate the retardation of the atmosphere andto cause the material to be hurled with greater force for.

greater impact against the impact ring.

To avoid overheating of the parts under the high speed of movement therealong or there, against or the material being comminuted, means is-preferably provided to circulate cooling fluid through the rotor and desirably also through the impact ring. To this end a pump (not shown) preferably below the structure forces cooling fluid, such as oil, through the uprightpipe 29 and transversely of the bearing B into the rotor axle l8, and then through the rotor 1 and out through another part of the bearing B by way of pipe 39 back to the source of cooling fluid supply. a The comminuted material is dropped through. a discharge conduit 3|, preferably of sheet metal which is desirably of annular cross section and which as shown, encompasses the rotor support ing casing 2| and is in turn encompassed by the q Annular conduit 3i has an inlet housing l3.

or mouth 32 directly under the impact ringwI as shown. To avoid sticking of the fine particles to the wall of the discharge conduit 3!, one or more separately encased electromagnetic yibrators 33 are desirably mounted on a transverseplate 34 aflixed to said conduit 3|, said. plate,

and with'it said conduitbeing suspended from 1 the flange 21 by coil springs 35.

To avoid excessive overheatingof the encased motor 22-;and the encased electromagneticuvh...

brators 33 said parts'are hermetically sealed and .air is forced through the motor casing 2!. from a blower136 by way of duct 3'! anddesirably also by way of ducts 31' throughthe upper end'of. casing 2| tothe cases 38 of the vibrators 33, whence the air escapes throughlvent pipes 39..' f The. foregoing description indicates the general relationship of parts. A more detailed descripious -fragmentary views (Di-Figs. 6, -7 and- 8; Each 3 tlon of a preferred construction of some of the elements follows:

The rotor plate R is provided with radiating vanes 40 extending from the periphery of hub h outward to the periphery of the rotor. These vanes are preferably integral with" the rotor plate; and rise "from theupper face thereof. Wearstrips ll of hard metal, desirably a composition of tungsten and carbon known as Carboloy,"

are welded against the upstandingmibsllfl,lands. l0 .,v

an integral overhanging lip 4zgextends-ifor ward from the upper edge of each rib over the upper edge of the corresponding wearestrip M11;

The hub h of the rotor isprovided-preferably' with an upstanding guide knob 43, desirably in- 15- tegral with the rotor plate uponwhich-the mate rial to be comminuted drops from the hopperl-lral. Guide vanes 44 preferably rise from the hub area of the rotor plate about the central knob wand their roots are aligned with the respective hurling;vaneslrdfleasnbest shown-fin; Fig. 6. .'-;The.=lgui'de;l: vans 5arercurveddrongitudinallyzupwanzl andfoiieev war that isgrto leadninirotationvin advance ofsi th associated hurling evaness- 40; 1 Each guideuvanetathus hasaits forward; andtuppen edge- =b+b peripherallyiabutg little *behind c the neighbor-ing-xz guide vane. -.Thus;sit :wil'l be'iseen thatltheLmate rialstozhe .c.omminuted,-=:as it drops-from the hopper; ,gfallsiiaround knob: liicupon and; between the successived curved guide :vanes 4 la-and: the; linearspeed; thereofv-is -..progressiv.ely 'accelerat'edvas it moves .radially.s outward: zalongnthe hub by :cen- 1 triiugale force. Ihusmo-excessive shock- -is =i-ncurred asthe :materialadrops uponwtheihub ofthe: rotor and a's it acceleratest inlmovingoutward;- The' guidewanes may be andpreferably are: de signedetos-effect'admissionasubstantially without ii any sheen-whatsoever;- of the particles -that:-drop=- by gravity from =the'iho'pper,- and the acceleration -l;

thereon-is effected smoothly with a minimummf 40:;

wear-10f themachine.- Th' idea'l conditi'on would begavsosto form thevanes that the -component of the acceleration which is normal-to the surface;- of the vane is a constant Results satisfactory in practice are attained if '45; the paJrtS are 'designed; as best shown-in the var-" of the' vanes-44 1s a straight line surface speci ically a conoida The axisc-a of the machine is one directrixmf the cono-id-and theeurve b-- b- 5 is -the'-other directrix' thereofi Tha -radial upper.--= edge bb of the vane surface leads-the lower edgej =-c thereof by a fixed angle-, as shown. That-curve -is -so---confo'rmed that at" its-upper edge *b- -b, "the dropping= particles-scooped -by-' the- '55 V vane are-;followed---closely by 1 the umden surfacethereoi for 'an instant, withoutpushing the'pan-w ticles'downward At; itsglower-endc, the tangentof -the-curveb-f-c is upright or parallel to -the axls-rz-a.--g; 60 While" the guide-wanes-couldj if *desi-red,- -be" conoidal clear to -the-iroots of -;t hejhurling vanesl0;% 'i t is sufficient and-ingeneral-preferred to conform?" each guidefvane; as a conoid only atthe upper part" thereof; as shown-,--the lower or- 5; outermost area of thefvane-being 'planey' as shogwngand tangential jto -'the-' lower" end of the conoidahsurface and constituting a rectilinearexten'siorr of the 'correspon'ding hurling vane-AU.{"-

Preferably-ahub ring 45*coversthefhubfrom =7 i ei'mou h 9f the; h erH- and has avperiphera msp ate 4H -re ting l-u on t e inn r ends h h hurling -vanes Alland, desirably. welded thereto; ehub. ri mfi .l hu a sin confining the; p

lesft th tcommi u ed tu tilth yl are-b n. 475

serrated or'formedwith a surface that is toothed about .its=entire periphery, as best shown in Fig. 5.:ivSince-,;the particles are centrifugally hurled from the periphery of the rotor B only toward onefaceof each of the serrations, the forward t face 49 only of each serration need be covered withii a :platei ;;j19l6f6lfiblY:fOflihfiTSflIHB hard wear-resistant material as that-.iat 541eonether; hurlingivaneszMz-ii The cooling; zarrangementzrs generally 1 described? :abolve -is preferably? of :the' following specific cont-i structionzzait The rotor; bearin'gzB L'is :providedxwith a pair offperipheralrgroovesafi'I? andsiili E'Tthe rupperflo sai-dtgrooveszabeing desirabl'yiforoinlet ofslcoolin .fiuid zto zthe' rotorg t'an'dith'e 'lowerzfor return=th'ere'-" 1T ofn f". V'I'hES'BL'EgIOOVGSJiaI'G referablyi:determined each If'by. fa ring- 53 endur respectively-,2rshrunk'" v upon athe rotorriaxleiit and-rotating: therewith, t I; eachabeingilchainnelzishaped in;crossi'sectionzrslTh' :bearingiB'fi'ias 'an: outer sleeve 5! 'i'of considerabi larger 'diameter thansringszli3::and@54, 4afiixed 58-ito :S'casing i 2i i Whichi encompasses two' beari-n collars 59, 60 with sockets 63 protruding outwiardw throughz corresponding openin'gseinisaid sleeve. Pairs eof bearing bushings; '6 l L are threaded unto said bearing collars at opposite endsi'thereof: flank iithe"z'respective'xshrunk' rings 53, 54 The ends of the shrunk rings 53, 54 ridel-in the ro tation :on the rotor '-ax-le "1-8 uponaoil sea-ls i=62. of conventional constructiorigwhic are' confiriew between the respective bushings 61 and 'the 'end faces of the intervening shrunk rings 53, 54,-and are encompassed -by the beari-ng collars 59, 550. Inlet and outletpipestfs nd 30i respectively; are ,affixed in thesocke'tsf 'bea'ring collai s 59 60,

The shrunk inletring-53 h'as'a multiplicity of apertures *GG' therethr'ough'; "each registering with the outturned=1ower end 61 of a correspondingbore 68 rising therefrom.- long itudinally of the rotor a'xle; Bor'e's sa are at uniform distance from the axis of-ax1e l8--near -'the periphe'r-y thereof; as sho'wrrin 2 and-41am; upper ends of bores- 68-.'feed-into bores=fi9 'radially of the rotor: plate R and extendingvoutward to the rotor periphery; Similarly; shrunk -.outlet-ring' 54 has a multiplicity-of apertures l0 therethroughg each registering"with-the 'outtu'rned ltwver end ri 1| of -a corresponding bore 12 rising-therefrom longitudinally' of the' 'r-otor axle. *Bdies lfre at uniform "distance-from ut nearer the 'axis'o'f axle-1 8 than are bores -b8.--" 'li'he' 'upperends'of bores 12 feed into bores 13 radially of the rotor' plate R, an extending-*outward'to the periphery thereof-- in contiguity to the comp'aniombor'es 69 Nearthe periphery-of therotor-plate, the asso ciated'" feejd-andreturir bore-j=Iengths -59 and 13 respectively, communicatejbyia' short. cross- 'bore 'f 14 andlplugs lli .seal the outer *endsiofthe HSS'DE ciated-rotoribores. V. I l l t v a TlieiihoppereH "preferably-lies two; inlet. pipes:

acoaees 1s and 11 from 'which the ma ma be comminutedis delivered thereinto and each of said lnletsis provided with a valve V, both valves being normally closed as shown, sothat the vacuum applied through conduit; 28 will be sus-' stained. Vacuum is also. desirably applied through a conduit (not shown) above the vah e- V. The hopper H may be refilled through either valve V without seriously interfering with the vacuum.

The operation proceeds as follows: From the motor 22, the rotor, shaft rotor R are driven at high speed while thematerial from the hopper H slowlyjdrops upon the hub h andisdirected by knob 43 to the various 1 guide vanes 44 which gradually acceleratethe particles without shock as they move outward,

vanes 40. Air resistance is eliminated by reason.

of the vacuum maintainedin housing I3, so'that the particles are hurled off the periphery of the rotor at tremendous speed and with correspondingly tremendous impact against the impact ring I, where the particles are shattered by striking the wear plates 50. The particles thus hurled are reflected, as shown by arrows in Fig. 2, from the serrated impact ring I, the bevel of which is shown at 48, and move downward through the annular discharge conduit 3| to a suitable collector (not shown). The constant action of the electromagnetic vibrators 33 agitates the conduit 3| and prevents the particles from adhering to the walls thereof in the course of escape from the machine.

The moving parts are kept from excessive heating by the cooling system. The cooling oil is propelled by a pump (not shown) from inlet pipe 29 to the peripheral groove 5| of shrunk ring 53, thence into the various bores 68 upwardly in parallel through the axle l8 and thence radially outward alon the bores 69 of the rotor plate R to the periphery thereof, and thence by way of cross bores 14 radially inward in parallel through bores 13, and finally axially downward through the return bores 12 in the axle to return to the pump by way of outlet groove '52 of shrunk ring 54 through outlet pipe 30. In this operation no leakage occurs as the joint 62 is maintained tight at the horizontal faces of the rings 53, 54 that are shrunk onto the axle. From a similar source the cooling fluid passes through the length of the impact ring I by way of conduit 1'! which extends in a zigza path along the serrations and the impact faces thereof.

Accordingly, excessive heating both in the rotor plate and the impact ring is avoided. Nor are the particles heated to such extent as to result in rendering them plastic or promoting coalescence or sintering. Indeed, even biological material, such as grain or seeds may be comminuted by use of the present attrition mill without carbonization or other degeneration.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and method and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departin from the scope of the claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I I8 and claim as new and desire to secure by Letterszr Patent of the United States is: c 1. An impact pulverizer comprising turn run extending inward near and substantially parallel to said first run and directly connected with the upper end of the corresponding outlet passageway in said axle and means for circulating cooling liquid by pressure propulsion in parallel through the several paths, each of which paths consists of an inlet passageway in the axle,

an outward run on the rotor, a return run on the rotor and an outlet passageway in the axle,

means for circulating cooling fluid through said ring, a housing enclosing said rotor and said impact ring, and means for maintaining the interior of said housing under vacuum.

2. An impact pulverizer comprising a base, a cylindrical housing rising therefrom, an inner casing coaxial therewith, a rotor at the upper end of said inner casing, having an axle, a hearing therefor, rotor driving means within said inner casing, an impact ring about said rotor afiixed in said housing, a collector in said base, a discharge conduit intervening between said ring and said collector, and cooling means for said rotor, said cooling means comprising a pressure propulsion circulating system for cooling fluid having an inlet at said rotor bearing, associated inlet and outlet annular chambers about said rotor axle and within said bearing, and a multiplicity of longitudinal duct pairs through said rotor axle, one duct of each pair communicating with the inlet chamber and the other with the outlet chamber, said rotor having radiating ducts arranged in pairs substantially under the .respective vanes extending to near the periphery of the rotor, the ducts of each pair communicating with the respective axle ducts, the companion radiating ducts of each pair being directly connected together within and near the periphery of the rotor.

3. In an impact pulverizer, the combination of a rotor plate having an axle, a bearing for said axle, said rotor having radiating upstanding hardened metal ribs, and means for coolin said ribs during operation, said means comprising a pair of annular grooves in said bearing about said axle, one constituting an inlet and the other an outlet for cooling fluid, cooling circuits connected in parallel between said annular grooves and comprising a multiplicity of duct pairs for such cooling fluid, each duct pair comprising a length from the associated groove longitudinally of the axle, thence radially of the rotor plate, each duct pair in the rotor plate being connected together near the periphery of the latter and means exteriorly of said annular grooves and communieating therewith for circulatin cooling fluid under pressure through said circuits in parallel.

4. An impact pulverizer comprising a horizontal rotor,.an upright driving axle thereunder, an impact ring encompassing theperiphery of said rotor and adjacent thereto, an annular discharge conduit under the rotor and impact plate and a hopper, f a rotor plate having a vertical axle therebelow, 1 means for rotating the axle, inlet and outlet p':assageways longitudinally of said axle, said plate having radiating hurling vanes, a stationary im pact ring about said plate, said plate having radiating passageways therein near the respective vanes, each including (1) a run extending sue ward to near the periphery thereof and directly I connected with the upper end of the corresponding inlet passageway in said axle and (2) a :re-'

Images