US2607665A - Fuel oil composition - Google Patents
Fuel oil composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2607665A US2607665A US154735A US15473550A US2607665A US 2607665 A US2607665 A US 2607665A US 154735 A US154735 A US 154735A US 15473550 A US15473550 A US 15473550A US 2607665 A US2607665 A US 2607665A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- amine
- fuel
- amines
- water
- fuel oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement in fuel oils and more specifically to a method of decreasing the emulsification tendency of medium diesel fuel oils.
- the fuels particularly suited to the practice of the invention are distillate products such as are generally termed "medium diesel fuels, which through lack of refining tend to be unduly susceptible to emulsification on contact with water.
- the following inspection data better illustrate the type of fuel suitable for use:
- Medium diesel fuels are generally considered to be those with viscosities in the range of about 33 to '75 Saybolt Universal seconds at 100 F.
- a low-pour, substantially residuum-free, highly emulsifiable fuel, unsatisfactory for marine use may be rendered suitable for such use by the incorporation therein of small amounts of long chain (Clo-C16) primary amines, i. e. decyl amine, undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, tridecyl amine, tetradecyl amine, pentadecyl amine, and hexadecyl amine.
- long chain (Clo-C16) primary amines i. e. decyl amine, undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, tridecyl amine, tetradecyl amine, pentadecyl amine, and hexadecyl amine.
- Aromatic amines,'aromatic hydroxy amines, hexyl amine, and benzidene have been previously proposed to stabilize the pour point of heavy, residual, wax-containing fuel oils. See U. S. 2,216,230 issued October 1, 1940, to G. H. B. Davis. However, these amines will not act to overcome the emulsifying tendencies of lighter fuel oils.
- the amount of amines added in accordance with the present invention is not large, being not greater than 0.5% 'by weight. In some cases the addition of so little as 0.01% has a noticeable effect on the emulsifying tendency of an oil. Generally, a concentration of amine between .02 and 0.1% is employed, the range from 0.03 t) 0.05% being preferred since in most cases this quantity will reduce the emulsifying tendency to a low level.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 19, 1952 Standard -il De'velopment:iGompany, aroma-1..
ration of Delaware N0 Drawing. Application April 7,1950,
Serial No. 154,735
' 2 Claims. (01. 44-72) The present invention relates to an improvement in fuel oils and more specifically to a method of decreasing the emulsification tendency of medium diesel fuel oils.
In selecting fuels for marinediesel engines, heavier and less refined products are generally desired because of their lower cost. Unfortunately, such fuels are especially susceptible to emulsification with water, and excessive emulsibility results in placing an undue load on purifying devices such as centrifuges and filters and can result in accelerated diesel fuel pump and injector wear and corrosion. A compromise must be made to arrive at the least costly product which has adequate resistance to emulsion. In accordance with this invention, it is now possible to treat economically many high emulsibility diesel fuels torender them entirely satisfactory in this respect. The fuels particularly suited to the practice of the invention are distillate products such as are generally termed "medium diesel fuels, which through lack of refining tend to be unduly susceptible to emulsification on contact with water. The following inspection data better illustrate the type of fuel suitable for use:
Gravity, A. P. I 29.5 Viscosity at 100 F., S. U. S 51.9 Flash pt., "F 192 Aniline pt., "F 158 Cetane No 49 Pour pt., F Sulfur, per cent 1.31 Conradson carbon, per cent 1.38 Ash, per cent 0.01 Neutralization No 0.19 B. S. & W ....1 0.14
Distillation characteristics at atmospheric messure up to 700 F.
Medium diesel fuels are generally considered to be those with viscosities in the range of about 33 to '75 Saybolt Universal seconds at 100 F.
It has now been found that a low-pour, substantially residuum-free, highly emulsifiable fuel, unsatisfactory for marine use, may be rendered suitable for such use by the incorporation therein of small amounts of long chain (Clo-C16) primary amines, i. e. decyl amine, undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, tridecyl amine, tetradecyl amine, pentadecyl amine, and hexadecyl amine.
Aromatic amines,'aromatic hydroxy amines, hexyl amine, and benzidene have been previously proposed to stabilize the pour point of heavy, residual, wax-containing fuel oils. See U. S. 2,216,230 issued October 1, 1940, to G. H. B. Davis. However, these amines will not act to overcome the emulsifying tendencies of lighter fuel oils.
The amount of amines added in accordance with the present invention is not large, being not greater than 0.5% 'by weight. In some cases the addition of so little as 0.01% has a noticeable effect on the emulsifying tendency of an oil. Generally, a concentration of amine between .02 and 0.1% is employed, the range from 0.03 t) 0.05% being preferred since in most cases this quantity will reduce the emulsifying tendency to a low level.
As an example of the use of the present inven-. tion, the following should be considered:
Example Relative Emulsify- 1 Tendency Cone. of Additive Fuel Used Weight Percent Medium Fuel nil .005 Coco amine 1 .01 Coco amine 1 Coco amine Coco amine Coco amine Coco amine Coco amine Nonyl Amine 2H+ Ammeen 1 Octadecenyl nitrile AM-1l80 4 me sw ar-w sps? OUIDQOOIDD 0 sa e.
1 A mixture of Cur-Cm (principally 012-014) primary saturated amines.
g A mixture of 010-018 secondary saturated amines.
3 01a unsaturated cyanide.
4 Cu saturated primary amine.
From the above data it is evident that the aliphatic amines having 10-16 carbon atoms are eminently suitable for reducing the emulsion tendency of fuel oils, and are considerably superior to nonyl amine having nine carbon atoms.
7 to C18 saturated primary amine, and also to sec- -A A H A and containing 0.05 to 0.10 per cent of a mixture of primary straight chain saturatedaliphatic alkyl-amines having from 10 to 16 carbon atoms"- and having a minimum tendency to cause emulsification of said fuel in water and of water in said fuel.
2. A composition as in claim 1 wherein the 5 amines have from 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
GORDON W. DUNCAN.
. REFERENCES CI TED The following references are of record in the :10 file of this patent: substantially free of residual petroleum fractions 1 V V UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 'Nan1e Date "2,246,842 1 De Groote June 24, 1941
Claims (1)
1. AN IMPROVED DISTILLATE MARINE DIESEL FUEL SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF RESIDUAL PETROLEUM FRACTIONS AND CONTAINING 0.05 TO 0.10 PER CENT OF A MIXTURE OF PRIMARY STRAIGHT CHAIN SATURATED ALIPHATIC ALKYL-AMINES HAVING FROM 10 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS AND HAVING A MINIMUM TENDENCY TO CAUSE EMULSIFICATION OF SAID FUEL IN WATER AND OF WATER IN SAID FUEL.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US154735A US2607665A (en) | 1950-04-07 | 1950-04-07 | Fuel oil composition |
GB29238/50A GB695731A (en) | 1950-04-07 | 1950-11-29 | Improvements in or relating to fuel oil composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US154735A US2607665A (en) | 1950-04-07 | 1950-04-07 | Fuel oil composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2607665A true US2607665A (en) | 1952-08-19 |
Family
ID=22552551
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US154735A Expired - Lifetime US2607665A (en) | 1950-04-07 | 1950-04-07 | Fuel oil composition |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2607665A (en) |
GB (1) | GB695731A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2771348A (en) * | 1953-07-29 | 1956-11-20 | Standard Oil Co | Stabilized cracked petroleum fractions |
US2793943A (en) * | 1954-11-18 | 1957-05-28 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Fuel oil composition containing combination of aliphatic and alkyl amines |
US2841126A (en) * | 1955-05-09 | 1958-07-01 | Gulf Oil Corp | Marine diesel fuel compositions and methods of operating marine diesel engines |
US2905541A (en) * | 1953-07-31 | 1959-09-22 | Gulf Oil Corp | Stable distillate fuel oil compositions |
US2959915A (en) * | 1955-12-27 | 1960-11-15 | Texaco Inc | Fuel for and method of operating a jet engine |
US3151162A (en) * | 1958-11-06 | 1964-09-29 | Texaco Inc | Paraffin wax amines |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2246842A (en) * | 1940-06-27 | 1941-06-24 | Petrolite Corp | Process for breaking petroleum emulsions |
-
1950
- 1950-04-07 US US154735A patent/US2607665A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1950-11-29 GB GB29238/50A patent/GB695731A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2246842A (en) * | 1940-06-27 | 1941-06-24 | Petrolite Corp | Process for breaking petroleum emulsions |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2771348A (en) * | 1953-07-29 | 1956-11-20 | Standard Oil Co | Stabilized cracked petroleum fractions |
US2905541A (en) * | 1953-07-31 | 1959-09-22 | Gulf Oil Corp | Stable distillate fuel oil compositions |
US2793943A (en) * | 1954-11-18 | 1957-05-28 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Fuel oil composition containing combination of aliphatic and alkyl amines |
US2841126A (en) * | 1955-05-09 | 1958-07-01 | Gulf Oil Corp | Marine diesel fuel compositions and methods of operating marine diesel engines |
US2959915A (en) * | 1955-12-27 | 1960-11-15 | Texaco Inc | Fuel for and method of operating a jet engine |
US3151162A (en) * | 1958-11-06 | 1964-09-29 | Texaco Inc | Paraffin wax amines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB695731A (en) | 1953-08-19 |
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