US2607665A

US2607665A - Fuel oil composition

Info

Publication number: US2607665A
Application number: US154735A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gordon W Duncan
Original assignee: Standard Oil Development Co
Current assignee: Standard Oil Development Co
Priority date: 1950-04-07
Filing date: 1950-04-07
Publication date: 1952-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 1969-08-19
Also published as: GB695731A

Description

Patented Aug. 19, 1952 Standard -il De'velopment:iGompany, aroma-1..

ration of Delaware N0 Drawing. Application April 7,1950,

Serial No. 154,735

' 2 Claims. (01. 44-72) The present invention relates to an improvement in fuel oils and more specifically to a method of decreasing the emulsification tendency of medium diesel fuel oils.

In selecting fuels for marinediesel engines, heavier and less refined products are generally desired because of their lower cost. Unfortunately, such fuels are especially susceptible to emulsification with water, and excessive emulsibility results in placing an undue load on purifying devices such as centrifuges and filters and can result in accelerated diesel fuel pump and injector wear and corrosion. A compromise must be made to arrive at the least costly product which has adequate resistance to emulsion. In accordance with this invention, it is now possible to treat economically many high emulsibility diesel fuels torender them entirely satisfactory in this respect. The fuels particularly suited to the practice of the invention are distillate products such as are generally termed "medium diesel fuels, which through lack of refining tend to be unduly susceptible to emulsification on contact with water. The following inspection data better illustrate the type of fuel suitable for use:

Gravity, A. P. I 29.5 Viscosity at 100 F., S. U. S 51.9 Flash pt., "F 192 Aniline pt., "F 158 Cetane No 49 Pour pt., F Sulfur, per cent 1.31 Conradson carbon, per cent 1.38 Ash, per cent 0.01 Neutralization No 0.19 B. S. & W ....1 0.14

Distillation characteristics at atmospheric messure up to 700 F.

Medium diesel fuels are generally considered to be those with viscosities in the range of about 33 to '75 Saybolt Universal seconds at 100 F.

It has now been found that a low-pour, substantially residuum-free, highly emulsifiable fuel, unsatisfactory for marine use, may be rendered suitable for such use by the incorporation therein of small amounts of long chain (Clo-C16) primary amines, i. e. decyl amine, undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, tridecyl amine, tetradecyl amine, pentadecyl amine, and hexadecyl amine.

Aromatic amines,'aromatic hydroxy amines, hexyl amine, and benzidene have been previously proposed to stabilize the pour point of heavy, residual, wax-containing fuel oils. See U. S. 2,216,230 issued October 1, 1940, to G. H. B. Davis. However, these amines will not act to overcome the emulsifying tendencies of lighter fuel oils.

The amount of amines added in accordance with the present invention is not large, being not greater than 0.5% 'by weight. In some cases the addition of so little as 0.01% has a noticeable effect on the emulsifying tendency of an oil. Generally, a concentration of amine between .02 and 0.1% is employed, the range from 0.03 t) 0.05% being preferred since in most cases this quantity will reduce the emulsifying tendency to a low level.

As an example of the use of the present inven-. tion, the following should be considered:

Example Relative Emulsify- 1 Tendency Cone. of Additive Fuel Used Weight Percent Medium Fuel nil .005 Coco amine 1 .01 Coco amine 1 Coco amine Coco amine Coco amine Coco amine Coco amine Nonyl Amine 2H+ Ammeen 1 Octadecenyl nitrile AM-1l80 4 me sw ar-w sps? OUIDQOOIDD 0 sa e.

1 A mixture of Cur-Cm (principally 012-014) primary saturated amines.

g A mixture of 010-018 secondary saturated amines.

3 01a unsaturated cyanide.

4 Cu saturated primary amine.

From the above data it is evident that the aliphatic amines having 10-16 carbon atoms are eminently suitable for reducing the emulsion tendency of fuel oils, and are considerably superior to nonyl amine having nine carbon atoms.

7 to C18 saturated primary amine, and also to sec- -A A H A and containing 0.05 to 0.10 per cent of a mixture of primary straight chain saturatedaliphatic alkyl-amines having from 10 to 16 carbon atoms"- and having a minimum tendency to cause emulsification of said fuel in water and of water in said fuel.

2. A composition as in claim 1 wherein the 5 amines have from 12 to 14 carbon atoms.

GORDON W. DUNCAN.

. REFERENCES CI TED The following references are of record in the :10 file of this patent: substantially free of residual petroleum fractions 1 V V UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 'Nan1e Date "2,246,842 1 De Groote June 24, 1941

Claims

1. AN IMPROVED DISTILLATE MARINE DIESEL FUEL SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF RESIDUAL PETROLEUM FRACTIONS AND CONTAINING 0.05 TO 0.10 PER CENT OF A MIXTURE OF PRIMARY STRAIGHT CHAIN SATURATED ALIPHATIC ALKYL-AMINES HAVING FROM 10 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS AND HAVING A MINIMUM TENDENCY TO CAUSE EMULSIFICATION OF SAID FUEL IN WATER AND OF WATER IN SAID FUEL.