US2605555A - Spinning device - Google Patents

Spinning device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2605555A
US2605555A US120742A US12074249A US2605555A US 2605555 A US2605555 A US 2605555A US 120742 A US120742 A US 120742A US 12074249 A US12074249 A US 12074249A US 2605555 A US2605555 A US 2605555A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
exit
filament
vent
spinning
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US120742A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Ernest Lee Griggs
Taylor Emery Folger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US120742A priority Critical patent/US2605555A/en
Priority to GB23417/50A priority patent/GB695571A/en
Priority to FR1027416D priority patent/FR1027416A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2605555A publication Critical patent/US2605555A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods

Definitions

  • filaments from solutions of filament-forming materials by thedry-spinning or evaporative method.
  • the solution is extruded under considerable pressure through a spinneret provided with a plurality of orifices into a heated enclosure generally called a spinning cell.
  • An evaporative gaseousmedium for example, air, is passed through the spinning cell either co-currently or countercurrently to remove volatile solvents from the formed filaments.
  • the filaments are then collected as a yarn of the desired denier in the usual manner. It has been customary to employ, particularly in the case of co-current air flow, a slot or hole in a cone-type enclosure at the bottom of the spinning cell for filament exit.
  • the filaments pass an aspiration screen through which the solvent-laden air is withdrawn from the spinning cell and sent to the solvent recovery system.
  • the downward vertical flow of the air or'other evaporative medium is thereby altered abruptly. In many cases the change may amount to 90.
  • considerable turbulence occurs in the area of sudden change in flow direction. This, of course, is detrimental, for it leads to broken filaments and yarns of inierior quality.
  • a fpumping action is set up, and an appreciable amount of solvent-laden air is carried out into the atmosphere. Not only is thiseconomically wasteful, particularly in view of the progressively higher losses being experienced with increased spinning speeds, but it is a health hazard.
  • Filaments are also ofttimes led from the spin- --area.- In such apparatus, however, the fila- 9 Claims. (01. 34-82) ments are drawn 'from the'cell at right angles to the normal and are thereby placed under undue tension resulting in inferior .articles of manufacture. Furthermore, there is a tendency for the downward'fiowing stream of air in the tube to carry the filaments beyond the side exit'point. No satisfactory apparatus has heretofore been designed which simultaneously reducesair turbulence in the thread path :within the cell and minimizes the dragging of solvent-laden air into the spinning room.
  • Another object of the present invention is to reduce'the turbulence of the evaporative medium inthe filament path within the cell without interfering with the convenient operation of the spinning cell.
  • a further object is to reduce substantially the quantity'of solvent being lost from the cell enclosure.
  • a more specific object of the invention is to employ a throat insert or any restricted cross sectional arrangement to realize improved solvent recovery.
  • a further object is topermit the yarn to leave the spinning/cell enclosure through an aperture without being deflectedfrom its normal downward path.
  • a still further object is toprovide a screen access door or fluff trap arrangement which is capable of being readily visible and easily removable for cleaning without interrupting the spinning.
  • Another objective is toseparate a traveling filament or the like from a fluid surrounding it. Still further objectsareto'minimize fire andhealth risks involved in the dry-spinning process, and-to provide an effective meansfor keeping yarn,broken filaments and spinning dope from passing into the solvent recovery system. Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.
  • throat insert tends to increase further the air velocity across the filaments at the narrowest point of the cell, thereby giving a suction effect in addition to the suction being applied by the solvent recovery system.
  • the thread guide which I may be positioned close to the filament exit permits the bundle of filaments to be centered'so that they may pass through the smallest allowable opening.
  • the apparatus provides a means for separatingthe traveling filament-from the solution or vaporlsurrounding it as 'it passes through the deviceof this invention;
  • the apparatus comprises ahollow, preferably cylindrical. member, which is tapered somewhat atthe exit end and'in that end is a small orifice for the exit of the filament.
  • a guide which serves to keep the filament running properly. Access to the orifice and guide is provided for by a conveniently hinged door opening into the device. At the tapered end is a vent through which "the'vapor or solvent passes. For better streamlining, ithis vent may extend below the filament exit but this design is not required. The passageway between the tapered end "and the vent'is 'made. much smaller than either that of the tapered section or vent in order to enhance the suc- "tion. through theifilament exit into. the device.
  • This effect is. attained by providing in the vent a restriction contiguous with the tapered section. .Also in. the vent is a screen and there is provided arr-access to this screen.
  • a guide 9 for guiding the filament or yarn through the exit.
  • This guide could be placed in the door 8 if desired and a plurality of guides could also be used. In any event the guide is so built and positioned with respect to the" cell aperture Tth'at the-direction of air across the threa'din the cell tends to hold the thread positioned in the guide.
  • throat insert ll near the tapered section l2 and in the vent E8 or the aspiration take-off, a suction e'iiect supplementary to that being applied spinning cell l adjoins the aspiration'take-ofi exit door assembly 2.
  • the cell and the spinning device 2 of this-invention are attached by any convenient means.
  • gaskets 3 are used as seals and cap'screws l-are anchored in anchoring means may,
  • the spinning cell may be heated in any desired manner-and is provided with'means (not shown) for passing a drying and evaporative medium,
  • the Venturi efiect may be Varied so that at .diiierent volumes of gas (evaporative medium) flow, which are required in spinningatdiiierent denyards, the linear velocity across the thread and the suction effect at the thread outlet may be suitably varied.
  • the area through which the gas flows can be changed to give whatever linear velocity is desired.
  • the desired restriction in the vent I B' may, of course, be attained by shaping the 'yent as by indentations. It is preferred, however, to use separate inserts, for the fluid flow can be varied more at will using various inserts attached simply'as-shown in Figure 1. Further the inserts may be in other forms such as a bar attached to thedooryfii. All that is needed is a passageway connecting th tapered end section to the vent which passageway is smaller than the end section and vent.
  • the evaporative medium is led into the cell enclosure through one or more openings at the upper part of the cell (not shown) and is withdrawn through screen 53 which is placed in the assembly so as to be easily removable therefrom and then via conduit M to the solvent recovery apparatus (not shown).
  • Trap door [5 which is hinged at point I6 is maintained in its normal position by a retainin spring I? and may be readily opened as soon as any accumulation of yarn, broken filaments, etc. are observed therein. This permits cleaning of-the portion of the apparatus below the yarn exit point without interrupting the Spinning operation.
  • the guide 9 consists .01", preferably, beveled corners on the polished slot or aperture 1. While other types of guides may be used it is preferred to position the guide as close as possible to the aperture. lhe slanting walls of 9, the flow of fluid in the unit across the filament, and the suction efiects combine to keep the filament in the valley of the aperture.
  • the drawing shows apparatus designed for single thread-production, the invention may readily be adapted for double or multiple'thread manufacture.
  • the exit door 8, riding on hinges l0, and the trap door I5 are shown in the open, non-operating positions.
  • the screen I3 is detachable and serves as a fluff trap.
  • the solvent recovery line I4 is curved upward and to the right side of the cell but this line could be exit door assembly may recommended.
  • the invention is also applicable ,to countercurrentdry spinning procedures.
  • the evaporative medium is preferably air containing acetone picked up in the process and is introduced by suitable aspiration at' a rate of from 11-18 cu. ft./p'er minute per. wind-up position.
  • the necessary control of the rate of passage of the evaporative medium may .be secured with suitable fiowmeters and/or' orifices in a known fashion.
  • the enclosure surrounding the exit of the yarn may vary somewhatfrom that in the above discussed drawings. It is preferred, of course, that the enclosure have a smoothly curved assembly as shown rather than any angular contour, since stagnant corners are thereby avoided to a large extent. It is necessary, however, to employ a. tapering type of arrangement in order to create the desired suction.
  • a thread guide may be positioned close to the opening through which the filaments pass from the enclosure into the atmosphere.
  • the acetone concentration of the air being dragged from the cell at a point 1" below the thread exit opening was about grams/cubic meter.
  • the acetone concentration of the air at a point 1" below the thread exit opening was about 4 grams/ cubic meter or about the same as the room average in the neighborhood as measured by a standard acetone meter. This indicates that a substantial reduction in the amount of solvent being carried into the spinning room has been achieved by the device of this invention.
  • the velocity of the evaporative medium is increased with a resultant drop in pressure, thereby creating a suction (ca. 0.33 inch water vacuum) and permitting air to flow from the room into the cell through the aperture rather than in the reverse direction, thereby minimizing solvent loss.
  • the invention is useful in the production of. any filaments, synthetic or natural.
  • the apparatus has been described primarily in connection with the dry-spinning of acetone-soluble cellulose acetate from an acetone solution, the invention is also applicable to the dry-spinning of cellulose acetate of the same or different combined acetic acid content dissolved in any one or more of the well-known volatile solvents for cellulose acetate.
  • esters and ethers may be spun into yarn from a other cellulose organic 7 6 suitable solution of volatile solventsutilizingthe apparatus hereinafter claimed. For instance, yarns of cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, etc. may beproduced.
  • the apparatus may also be used in conjunction with the manufacture of yarns from condensation products of cellulose and glycols or other polyhydric alcohols or other-f materials that are capable of being formed into filaments by evaporative or dryspinning methods.
  • the volatile solvent employed in the above-mentioned cases may be any volatile one in which said material is soluble, for example,
  • ethyl ketone methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, propylene chloride, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, ethyl alphahydroxybutyrate, dioxane, diacetone' alcohol, chloroform, tetrachloroethane or similar chlorinated hydrocarbons of mixtures thereof with small amounts of alcohol.
  • the device may also be used ,in the handling of other filaments such as those from polyamides, polyacrylonitriles,
  • polyvinylchlorides and the like may be readi- 1y, adapted for the handling of yarns, wires, rods, tubing and, in general, of any continuous filamentary structure.
  • the structure need not be freshly formed.
  • the apparatus may be used, for example, in removing water from a preformed filament.
  • the device can be used, in general, for separating a traveling filament from a fluid.
  • the present invention has particular utility in preventing the loss of solvent from the cell enclosure through the aperture by which the rapidly traveling yarn passes to the wind-up. Obviously the higher the speed of the filament travel, the greater will be the percentage of volatile'solvent carried out intothe atmosphere, other conditions remaining constant. By use of the apparatus hereinabove described high. speed spinning may be employed with minimum acetone losses.
  • the apparatus also has the advantage of being easily cleaned and of benefiting spinning by minimizing conditions causing filament breaks,
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling filament from a fluid which comprises a hollow member having a tapered end section; in that section an exit for said filament; and a vent for the exit of said fiuid connected to said section by a passageway containing a constriction so that said passageway is smaller than said section and said vent.
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling filament from a fluid which comprises a hollow cylindrical member having a tapered end section; in that section an exit for said filament; and a .vent for said fluid connected to saidsection by a passageway containing a constriction so that said passageway is smaller than said section. and said vent. 7 v
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling filamentfrom a fluid which comprises a hol1ow,cylindrical member having a tapered end section; inthat section an exit for said filament in a plane parallel to the long axis of said member; and a vent for theexit of said fluid connected to said section by a passageway containing a constriction so. that said passageway is smaller than saidsection and said vent.
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling filament from a fluid which comprises a hollow, cy-
  • lindrical member havin a tapered end section
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling filament from a fluid which comprises a hollow, cylindrical member having a tapered end section; a door opening into said section; in said section an .exit for said filament; a guide for said filament to said exit; and a vent for said fluid connected to said section by a passageway containing a constriction so that said passageway is smaller than said section and said vent, said vent extending below said filament exit; and a screen in said vent.
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling filament from a fluid which comprises a hollow, cylindrical member having a tapered end section;
  • Apparatus for separating .a traveling'filament from a fluidwhi'ch comprises a hollow member having a tapered end section; in that, section an exit for said filament; a vent for the exit of said fluidextending below said filament exit; and a restriction in said vent contiguous with said. tapered. section for. enhancing the suction throughsaid filament exit into said member.
  • Apparatus for separating a traveling cel- I luloseacetate filament from an evaporating medium which comprises a hollow member having a tapered end section; in that section an exit for said filament; a vent for the exit of said evaporating medium; a passageway connecting said vent to said tapered end section; in said passageway a constriction making said passageway smaller than said section and said vent; a screen in said vent; a door opening into said tapered end. section; and an access in said vent to said screen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US120742A 1949-10-11 1949-10-11 Spinning device Expired - Lifetime US2605555A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US120742A US2605555A (en) 1949-10-11 1949-10-11 Spinning device
GB23417/50A GB695571A (en) 1949-10-11 1950-09-25 Improvements relating to the treatment of travelling filaments with fluids
FR1027416D FR1027416A (fr) 1949-10-11 1950-10-10 Dispositif de filage perfectionné

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US120742A US2605555A (en) 1949-10-11 1949-10-11 Spinning device

Publications (1)

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US2605555A true US2605555A (en) 1952-08-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US120742A Expired - Lifetime US2605555A (en) 1949-10-11 1949-10-11 Spinning device

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US (1) US2605555A (fr)
FR (1) FR1027416A (fr)
GB (1) GB695571A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775046A (en) * 1949-05-31 1956-12-25 Sucker Gmbh Geb Methods and apparatus for the processing of textile materials
US3191835A (en) * 1963-01-11 1965-06-29 Fma Inc Transport apparatus

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US559498A (en) * 1896-05-05 schaeeee
US1722797A (en) * 1925-11-10 1929-07-30 Western Electric Co Method of and apparatus for applying and baking an insulating enamel coating
US2341615A (en) * 1941-06-11 1944-02-15 Du Pont Apparatus for dry spinning cellulose acetate yarn
US2403416A (en) * 1945-04-16 1946-07-02 Ragan M Vandegriff Lint trap
US2415738A (en) * 1943-02-06 1947-02-11 Berthold G Freund Endless conveyor drier structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US559498A (en) * 1896-05-05 schaeeee
US1722797A (en) * 1925-11-10 1929-07-30 Western Electric Co Method of and apparatus for applying and baking an insulating enamel coating
US2341615A (en) * 1941-06-11 1944-02-15 Du Pont Apparatus for dry spinning cellulose acetate yarn
US2415738A (en) * 1943-02-06 1947-02-11 Berthold G Freund Endless conveyor drier structure
US2403416A (en) * 1945-04-16 1946-07-02 Ragan M Vandegriff Lint trap

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775046A (en) * 1949-05-31 1956-12-25 Sucker Gmbh Geb Methods and apparatus for the processing of textile materials
US3191835A (en) * 1963-01-11 1965-06-29 Fma Inc Transport apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB695571A (en) 1953-08-12
FR1027416A (fr) 1953-05-12

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