US2602495A - Pilot for vaporizing burners - Google Patents

Description

y 1952 c. s. GREER, JR 2,602,495

PILOT FOR VAPORIZING BURNERS Filed Oct. 28, 1948 2 Sl-IEETS-SHEET l July 8, 1952 c. s. GREER, JR 2,602,495

PILOT FOR VAPORIZING BURNERS 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOBQB Filed Oct. 28, 1948 "IDOQDOQDDOOOOIAO 01000000 00 O O OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO I'IIIID'DQOOOO00000000OOOOOOOOOOOOODODODOU 0060 o o o i o 0000 10000 0 0 0 20 0 0000 o o O o O 0000 IN V EN TOR.

Carl 5. Greer, J71

porizing chamber.

roblem has been effectively pori zing pot in the efiiciency of the pilot will be apparent from Patented July 8, 1952 ,a :1: i s

16mm i s-TAT me os; -vnrom'znvor BURNERS Carl S Greer, Jr., Albion,

Lonergan Manufacturing Company, Mich-i,- a corporation of Michigan Mich., assignor to Albion,"

' Application som 28, 194 8,'SerialNo. 57,095

2 Claims. (01. is-91) This invention relates to a vaporizing pot type burner for liquid fuel and'has for an object'the provision of an improved form of vaporization chamber in the vaporizing pot." V

Burners of the vaporizing pot t'ype usually comprise a pot having'a plurality of 'primaryfand secondary air inlet openings in the side walls and a centrally apertured baflle dividing the pot-into a lower vaporizing chamber and an upper va- The principal problem encountered in burners of this type lies in producing a clean and stable fire at all stages of operation. It is found that dividing the'pot into lower and upper vaporizing chambers does not permit a low turndown of the fuel supply to a pilot fire. Eddy currents form in the lower chamber below the'partition and either cause a smoky, sooty fire 'or at times permit the fire to becompletely extinguished. Anything lower than an intermediate fire gives'trouble, and consequently,

necessitates burning a higher flame than necessary and the generation of excessive heat. Not only is there unnecessary waste, but an uncomfortable condition is created in the room. This solved by the 3 provision of opposing segments at or near the floor of the pot defining laterallyconfined areaswith a space between thesegments which acts as a mixing and combustion chamber beginning at the floor at low 'fire and extending to the flame ego opening at the top of the pot at high fire. An object of this invention is to provide an improved form of vaporizing chamber-for said opposing segmentswhich is exceptionally efiicient and which will provide Ia pilot' flame for the va- 3 5 addi'tion to the low flame beginni'ng atfthe floor of the pot in the space between saidsegments. f

A" further object of the invention is to incorporate this vaporizingchamber'in oneof said #0 simple structure is provided segments whereby a I without additional parts which are apt to afiect flame or theflame at low or high fire.

Other objects and advantages of the invention.

scription when taken in connection with the drawings which form a part hereof.

In the drawings:

the following detailed de- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an oil burner embodying the present invention;

Fig; 2 is a top view in elevation ofthe vaporizing pot; I

Fig; 3 is across-sectional view taken on line 3-4 of Fig. 2 looking in arrows; and

the direction of the ed in the same manner, but, at the opposite side,

shape and type of The bottom 9 of pot 5 may rate to trough ll 'of Fig. 2 looking in'the direction of thearrows.

The heater illustrated in the drawings is what is commonly called a 'space'lieater." It will be understood, however, that this heater maybe of any other type and that the invention may be incorporated in central heating units, furnaces generally, stoves, etc. As illustrated, the heater comprises a housing I, a supporting frame 2, a combustion chamber 3 and'a burner chamber 4. This burner chamber'4 is disposed in pot 5 supported in any suitable way in housing I this depending uponthe design of the housing and the type of heater in which this pot 5 is used. "The shape of pot 5 will also depend upon the the heater. It is illustrated as ellipticalor oval and has a side wall 6 provided with uniformly spaced groups of air inlet openings. These groups of air I H inlet openings are disposed at different levels, theprimary air inlet openings 'l being located in rows below the sec- 8. 'If the side wall'6 is ondary air inlet openings sheet metal, these air inlet openings maybe formed therein before the wall is formed, but, irrespective of how the wall is formed, they may be of substantially uniform size and spacing. be a cast'metal or sheet metal pan with a well I0 substantially centrally provided and a trough H leading thereto from one side of the pot. As illustrated, oil line l2 will connect at l3 to supply oil at a; controlled by a suitable metering device 14. The upper-wall of pot 5. rests on side wall 6 and is in the form of an apertured flame plate IS with a fiame opening I! and with an annular depending flange l6 holding the plate in position. Two accumulator segments or elements 20 and .2lare provided in burner chamber 4 and are arrow are illustrated as included, it willbe understood that openings of other rows'might also be included. Accumulator elements 20, and2l are specifically shown as substantially. u-shaped, each with a top wall 22 and with side wal1s,.and are seated preferably upon bottom.9 in opposing relation againstfthe side wall 6 of pot 5. Theinside edge's'of these top and side walls of the .accumulator elements may bflcut somewhat arouate to conform to the shapeof side wall 6 of the pot.

Accumulator segment 21 has side walls 23 and n 24 extending substantially parallel to each other and inwardly from side wall B of pot '5. Accumulator segment 20 has one of its walls 25 constructits side wall 26 extends at an acute angle toward the major axis or center line of the pot. This side wall '26 is greater in length than side walls 23, 24 and 25, and almost reaches the major axis of the pot, the front edge thereof being consid- 5' side Wall 26 to provide a forwardly projecting or; I0

pocket-like enclosed area 28. Trough .H runs, parallel to side wall 26 and lies in this enclosed area 28.

Enclosed area '28 effectively. forms a simple vaporizing chamber defined only rbya side] wall and a limited portion of the top wall ofone '15 of the segments. No added parts arerequired other than an extended side wall and'top wall capable of turning the pilot flame at an angle to burn in the direction of the center of pot 5. It will be noted that, additional air openings 29 have been furnished in';the side wall; ,6 of pot25 to proper mixtureatjpilot flame with minimum fuel consumption, at'this' stage without formation of smoke 'or'carbon; 1 The supply ofli'quid fuel to 'theburner chamber 4 may be controlled-by suitable adjustment of the metering device 14. The, liquid fuel entering at l31will vaporize and form a combustible mixture "andburn at low or" pilot flame at and slightly to the rear of the forwardedge of the ;to p;wall 22 at the extended portion 21 of vaporizing chamber'28; 'At this stage of operation, a minimum consumption of oil takes place; and,;in actual operation, it is found that the arrangement of the parts provides for a consumption as-lowas 1 cc; of: oil per minute without smoke-oracarbon beingprodiioed. Thefiame may continue toburn at-3a low pilotstage indefihitelyjwith a ,clea-r,. smokeless appearance, and the mixture; will be adequate to effect complete combustion: Bylinprovidethe necessaryvolume of; air to assure a creasing thesupply of liquid fuel, the pilot flame will increase untilthe flame either is held at in.- termediate" stage; whichis within the'zo'ne-defined by the space between thev accumulator elemehts' 2'0 and 2 I and in the vicinity of their .top walls" 22, 'or is'permitted to rise in bdrnerchamber I until it burns at and above 'openinglliin flame plate- ['5' where combustion is then com'pleted-in combustion chamber 3 atjhigh fire stage. Accumulator'elements Bland 2 I serve todirect the air enter ng the lower primary air inlet openings T embracedby 'theseelements to the space there etween to mix witlithe vaporizedgoil rising from well In. The combustible mixture at intermediate fire will burn in this s a e slightly above or at the level of; top walls 22 andconsume "at this stage, say; between 6 and 8 cc'. of liquid fuel per minute, without the. flame smoking #071 producing carbon. Accumulator elements, and 2 I will direct a somewhat uniform flow of air for;-

ward and prevent'undesirable eddy currents. fAs the fuel supply increases, the level of the, flame, willincrease sothat the airfsuppliedby the upper primary "air inlets T will mix with the vaporized fuel'to provide a completely combustible. mixture. Withlthe flame atj'op'e'ning l! and burning in combustion chamber, 3,. the secondary airv inlets 8 will supply additional air'to the mixture and assure complete combustion, the flame at this high stage consuming between 35 and 45 cc.- of liquid fuel per minute.

It is not necessary to go from pilot flame to intermedia'te stage. Merely increasing the supply of .period ,of increasing, pilot flame, the

combustion of the mixture produced liquid fuel slightly will increase the pilot flame during mild weather when little heat is desirable. The burner may operate economically at minimum flame to generate the heat necessary for the room without being compelled to generate excessive heat by the use of a larger flame and thus *causeunnecessary waste. qThe ease of controlling minim-um flame and :of controlling oil consumption from this exceptionally low pilot to an intermediate stage without requiring the intermediate stageas a starting flame to avoid smoke and carbon, are obviously the result of the arrangement, of,the parts including the elements 20$;and ,2il and the vaporizing chamber 28 forming a part of the element 20.

Thepotiancl its accumulator elements, together with the simple form of vaporizing chamber'ZB disclosed, may obviously be incorporated in any burner whether in a space heater, stove orfurnace. These parts maybe proportioned toiprovide a burnerof a desirable capacitythat willburn liquid fueleconomically and with mini mum fuel consumption 1 The vaporizing chamberlil is simple and is easy to form, As-previously stated, additional parts; heretofore found necessary to fornr a vaporizing chamber in a} vaporizing pot have;,;been eliminated The simple pilot structure'is brought about by the advantageous form, -of;;tl-1e accumulator segmentswhereby the-top wall;s2-2;of oneof -the accumulator segmentsmay be ex.- tended far enough about, the inner periphery of pot 5 so that there will be,providema. resulting side Wall -25; of a lengththat-wil1 form a vaporizing chamber. of adequate proportions permitting adequate vaporization and proper mixture capable of being burnedat pilot stage without smoke and-carbon. 7 maybe increased froman. extremely low; stage by varyingodegrees until, the intermediateflame stage is reached with'outthe flame smoking or without producing carbon or soot. During this 7 4 accumulator elements supply enough air to,-efiect; complete H V V and hold the generation-of :vapor tothe vicinity. of -well; It). In thismanner, control at low flamestages may be had to vpreventL'fluttering and v aconsequent incomplete burning that would otherwise produce smoke and. carbon.

Without further elaboration, theforegoing will gist of my invention that by applying current-knowledge, readesame for use under varying condiso. fully explain the others-may, ily adapt th .tions ofs erVice-Without eliminating certain feae tures, which may properlys be said toconstitute the essential items of 'novelty involved, which items are intended to be defined andsecured to me by the following claims.

. 1.. A liquid fuel burner comprising, in combination,.a combustion pot of elongated cross section and having a bottom Wall, a sidewall and an apertured flame plate atthe-top of said side wall, a plurality of spacedair inlet circumferentially about said side wall, segments disposed adjacent said bottom wall and extending upwardly therefrom along a portion of said side wall and spaced onopposite sides of the longitu dinal axisof saidpot and about theair inlet openings disposed insaid portions, sald segments having opposed side walls substantially at their ends and a top wall extending from one (side wall to the otherside wall, one of saidyside walls-of one of said segments being turned inwardlytohe PilOt :flame' openings disposed ward the vertical central axis of the pot and toward the longitudinal axis of said pot and extendedclose to said longitudinal axis, said segmentstop wall being curved at said one end also toward said longitudinal axis to meet the inner edge of said turned side wall, and means to deliver a regulatable quantity of fuel to said pot bottom adjacent to said one side wall and within the last said segment.

2. Aliquid fuel burner comprising, in combination, a combustion pot of elongated cross section and having a bottom wall, a side wall and an apertured flame plate at the top of said side wall, a plurality of spaced air inlet openings disposed circumferentially about said side wall, segments disposed against said bottom wall and extending upwardly therefrom along a portion of said side wall and spaced on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis of said pot and about the air inlet openings disposed in said portions, said segments having opposed side walls substantially at their ends and a top wall extending substantially from one side wall to the other side wall, said side walls acting as the feet of said one segment to support the latter resting upon said, bottom wall of said pot, one of said side walls of one of said segments being formed at an angle with respect to the other side wall and turned inwardly toward the vertical central axis of the pot and having its inner edge closer to the longitudinal axis of said pot than the inner edge of the other side wall and extended close to said longitudinal axis, said segments top wall being curved at said one end also toward said longitudinal axis to meet the inner edge of said turned side wall, a trough in said bottom wall within said one segment but adjacent to said angularly formed side wall, and means for supplying a regulatable quantity of fuel to said trough.

CARL S. GREER, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file 0f this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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