US2597140A

US2597140A - Overload cutout for poweroperated doors and the like

Info

Publication number: US2597140A
Application number: US736320A
Authority: US
Inventors: Versnel Frederik Hendrik
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1946-01-07
Filing date: 1947-03-21
Publication date: 1952-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 1969-05-20

Description

May 20, 1952 F. H. vERsNEl.

OVERLOAD CUTOUT FOR POWER-OPERATED DOORS AND THE LIKE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 21, 1947 May 20, 1952 F. H. vl-:RsNEL OVERLOAD CUTOUT FOR POWER-OPERATED DOORS AND THE LIKE Filed March 2l. 1947 v 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 20, 1952 F. H. vERsNEL 2,597,140

OVERLOAD CUTOUT FOR POWER-OPERATED DOORS AND THE LIKE Filed March 21, 1947 s sheets-sheet s Patented May 20, 1952 TENT orsicE GVEEIQOAD CUTOUT FOR PVVERhl OPERAT-EDDOORS AND 'THE LIKE.

'Frederik Hendrik versnel, Amsterdam,

' Netherlands Application March 21, 1947, Serial No'. .736,320,- In the Netherlands January 7?, 1946v Section 1, Public Law 690', August Si 194e The present' invention. relates toy an improved mechanism. for electricallyoperating a member to be moved; in two directions, particularly for opening and closing doors, windows and the like. The' objectv of. the invention is to provide an improved operating means of the kind' referred: to,

which is simple and robust of construction and which; is adapted to be engaged and disengaged entirely automatically, independent of anyfelementA of the mechanism or of the object to be moved, not` only as a resul-t of an excessive resistance occurring against the mechanicaly moveu ment of such object, but also when such object is accelerated by handA withA respect to themechanical drive, thelatter factftherefore, opening the. possibility-in the case of applying the apparatusior actuating doors-oi openingand closingi the door or doors quicker ley-hand than would be. effected by mechanical. operation Aifurther. object-of the'invention is to provide anJ apparatus of the-kinddeseribedr in which the mechanical operation, after having; been put out of action, may beV reinstated at any desired. moment and in any desired. position of the door or the like object;

With these and other objects in View the pres.- ent invention consists in thatl the force for actuating. the door, window or other object is provided by a, reversible electric motor of which the. tordue'is vtransmitted to the operating. me-

chani's'm. through. ay di'sengageable clutchfwhich Y is engaged by the initial` movement of'- the, motor when startingupand'is disenaagedwhen theelement during. its movementmeets a resistance exceeding a predetermined maximum value/ Further. objects` and advantages: of my invention andthe manner in which the same isl to be performed willy be apparent from the following description in which' the invention is further explained with reference to the" accompanying drawings, particularly as applied for opening and closing doors.

The drawings show more or less diagrammatically an embodiment of'an apparatus accordingrtothe invention; in` wlfiiclizY Fig. 1 shows a front elevational view: of the apparatusg, partly in section;` y

Fig. 2.I shows a longitudinal sectional View in a planeat right angles to the" planel of Fig.- 1l'.

Fig; 3 shows'a; horizontal cross-sectional! view.

Fig; 4 is an' emarged'view showing the locking means and spring'pawl; i

The apparatus consistsof a casing I secured tothe door frame adjacent .the hinged side: of tile-door and l containing a vertically disposed shaft 2 which through the medium oi anelastic coupling 3- is adapted to be dri-ven bya reversible electric motor (not shown),C controlled for rotation in either direction through alowvoltagerelay circuit, by twopressure buttons'provided on each oor or by correspondingcontroldsystems inother applications ofthe invention..

The sha-ft 2 has keyed thereto a wormt transmitting the torque with corresponding reduction of. speed` through a worm gear 5to-fa `horizon-tally arranged transverse shaft 6 journalled in said casing. I andalso carryingra worrnl meshing with aworm. gear 8.. Thislatter gear i-'sfreely rotatable aboutr a stationary vertical-- shafts and, at its lower end ifs provided witha circularseries of axially projecting teeth Ill of equilateraltriangular shape.- rThese teethv M1 normallyengage corre-1 spond'ingly shapedY teeth lflfofa iirst clutch ele? ment L35, mounted for axial: displacement over an enlargedportion I 2 of the shaft-gsuchrst clutch elementhaving a collar l? formed thereon and bei'ngprovidedf with a lseries ofteeth l-A5f`or cooperation with correspondingly'shaped teeth'of a second' clutch element, hereinafter to Abe referred to. l'he'innerface [-5 Vof* said rstcl'ut'ch element i I3` is provided'wi'th axially directed grooves or isform'edin any other" manner as a braking. surface' for cooperation withf braking, or locking elementswhich in the presentfcase are'in the form of spring. operated balls (8f-arranged' within radial' bores I7" of'theenlargedportion l2\ dffthe shaft Slall' for the. purpose 'hereinafter to beset fo'rth. Y

A contact strip |`9` made-of elastic materiali and resting by itslown resilient' force on the" collar.V l'4` of' the first! clutch element [3l is arrangedlior cooperation with a second adjustable contact' element 2l); conductivel'y' secured to a. strip 2`flf, such`r strips la' and"`2"| being. connectedvwith termi;- nalsl 22";` 2 3l respectively.l passing. through the vwal-l of thelcasi'n'g. The' circuit. closing7 and" opening means thus formed isarrang'ed in aso-called locking-circuit .paralleli with the/actuating; pressure button switch ofthe motori The above-mentioned'` second clutch' element 2s.` is for axial displacement on ashaft 2'5, journalled-in. a1 vchamber of the-',en1arged1por'- tion l2ot the shaft 9,-suchy first-mentioned; sha-ft passing through a. stuiingbox 26 and arranged to operatean armor rod (notshowni for'opening and closing. the. door and for operating thebolt ofthe lock.-

rIheclutch element 24.is actedl upon 'by a rci turning pressure-spring; 21,whilebetween fthe two clutch elementsx I-3, Z4 a:second'pressure spring `Simultaneously the contact 28 is arranged in a chamber of the clutch element 24, such spring, however being weaker than the returning spring 21.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

With the door closed or opened, the elements of the apparatus are in the position shown in Fig. 2, i. e. the clutch I3, 24 is disengaged and the teeth IIJ, II are engaged throughout the entire height of the teeth. To open the door the corresponding pressure button on one of the floors is pressed, the electric motor through the said relay circuit is started for driving through the shaft 2, worm gear 5, shaft 6 and worm 1, the worm gear 8 with correspondingly reduced speed in the required direction of rotation. The clutch element I3 coupled with the Worm gear 8 through the teeth Il), II in this position of the clutch is initially locked by the balls I8 against rotation, so that the teeth I by wedge-action, effect an axial displacement of the clutch element I3 against the resistance of the spring 28, thereby causing such rst clutch element to be engaged with said second clutch element 24. At this instant the braking surface I6 on account of the axial displacement of the clutch element I3, is disengaged from the balls I8, so that said clutch element I3 is carried along by the still partially engaged teeth I0, II thereby driving said second clutch element.

With this first clutch element I3 also moves the resilient contact strip I9 resting on the collar I4, to engage the contact element 2B, so that the motor-circuit is closed through the parallel locking-circuit allowing the respective pressure button to be released. l

The rotation of the shaft 25 rst causes the bolt of the lock to be retracted through the medium of the said operating mechanism and thereupon the door is swung open. When the door in its completely open position strikes an abutment, or when in, some other way an excessive resistance is set up against the movement of the door. the shaft 25 is held or braked,

in the lock plate. When the resistance against the closing movement of the door exceeds the resistance represented by the adjustable pressure spring 21, the disengagement of the clutch and the stopping of the motor is effected in the same manner as stated above, after which the door is again entirely free and may be operated by hand in the normal manner.

Disengagement of the clutch will also occur when'the complete closure of the door is prevented e. g. by an obstruction between the door and the threshold. After removing the obstrucl tionfthe door may be closed freely by hand.

It will be apparent that the invention is not restricted toits application for operating doors, windowsand the like, but that the apparatus may be advantageously employed in all cases in Whichan element is to be actuated or moved in two opposite directions.

What I claim is:

1. A clutch mechanism, particularly for use in an apparatus for operating a body to be moved in two opposite directions, comprising a rst clutch element consisting of an axially fixed part adapted to be rotated in either direction and an axially movable part, the adjacent faces of said two parts having interengaging double sided wedge faces, a second clutch element adapted to be axially displaced against the action of a spring force, means for holding said second part of said rst clutch element against rotation relative to said first part up to the moment of its engagement with said second clutch element thereby causing said wedge faces to effect axial displacement of said second part upon rotation of said rst part in either direction, said Wedge faces being dimensioned for producing a maximum axial displacement of said second part,

greater than that necessary for engaging said second part with said second clutch element, and spring means arranged between said second l part and said second clutch element and dimencausing the teeth Ill, II to operate again as cooperating wedge-faces for displacingthe entire clutch I3, 24 against the force of the resistance spring 21 downwards until the apices of teeth I0 snap over the apices of teeth II. The clutch I3, 24 is now moved upwards as a whole by the spring 21 until the clutch element 24 attains its highest position shown in Fig. 2, whereupon the tensioned spring 28 disengages the clutch by forcing the clutch element I3 upwardsinto its starting position in which the teeth I0, II are again engaged throughout their entire height. I9, 20 is opened thereby breaking the motor-circuit and causing the electric motor to be stopped. It will be apparent that if desired the door may now be closed by hand as the clutch is disengaged.

For mechanically closing the door, the other pressure button is pressed, thereby starting the electric motor for rotation in the opposite direction. The engagement of the clutch and the taking over of the motor-circuit by the contacts I9, 20 is effected in the same manner as above described, so that the shaft 25 is now driven in opposite direction, thereby causing the door to be first swung to until it abuts against the rabbet of the door` frame. Since the pressure on the door continues the bolt of the lock is forced back by the mechanism not shown, and the door on account of its low speed is pressed with hardly any noise into the rabbet of the door frame, thereby causing the bolt to enter the opening sioned to normally hold said wedge faces in full engagement with a force less than that counteracting the axial movement of said second clutch element.

2. A clutch mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the axially displaceable part of said first clutch element over a portion of its length is provided at one of its peripheral surfaces with a braking surface for cooperation with at least one locking member arranged in a stationary element of v the mechanism.

3. A clutch mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said locking member is in the form of a ball arranged in a bore of said stationary element and a. spring also arranged in said bore and operating to force said ball in' frictional engagement with said braking surface.

FREDERIK HENDRIK VERSNEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,938,720 Preble Dec. 12, 1933 2,153,195 Lilja Apr. 4, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 502,382 Great Britain Mar. 16, 1939 661,243 France Mar. 4, 1929