US2587522A - Leaf spring construction - Google Patents

Leaf spring construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US2587522A
US2587522A US763551A US76355147A US2587522A US 2587522 A US2587522 A US 2587522A US 763551 A US763551 A US 763551A US 76355147 A US76355147 A US 76355147A US 2587522 A US2587522 A US 2587522A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sections
leaf spring
bolt
leaf
spring
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Expired - Lifetime
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US763551A
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Jr William T Pilkington
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PAUL MALLAMAS JR
WILLIAM PILKINGTON SR
Original Assignee
PAUL MALLAMAS JR
WILLIAM PILKINGTON SR
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Priority to US763551A priority Critical patent/US2587522A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/182—Leaf springs with inter-engaging portions between leaves or between leaves and mountings, e.g. ridges, notches, ripples
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49609—Spring making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49924—Joining by deforming of parallel side-by-side elongated members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4991—Both members deformed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/71—Rod side to plate or side
    • Y10T403/7123—Traversed by connector

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in leaf spring structures.
  • leaf spring sections are generally connected together by means of a central bolt.
  • This bolt is under constant shear stresses.
  • the leaf springs are provided with improved means to prevent relative movement of the springs at the time of flexure, at the bolt location, in non-interfering relation with proper flexing along the lengths of the springs beyond the bolt location.
  • a further object'of this invention is the pro vision of an improved Spring construction having means to prevent turning movement of the leaf spring sections without interfering with proper longitudinal fiexure as an incident of use of the spring construction.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of the improved leaf sections of the spring structure.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the spring section.
  • Figure 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal cross sectional view taken through the central location of one of its leaf spring sections.
  • Figure 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional view showing the assemblage of the sections of the leaf spring and their mounting upon an axle.
  • the letter A may generally designate the leaf sprin construction.
  • I may include a plurality of laminated leaf sections B connected centrally of their ends by means of a bolt C and having conventional'saddle or clamping means E to secure the leaf spring structure centrally of its ends to an axle or similar construction D.
  • the improved means to prevent turning movement of the leaf sections B and to lock them together at their center locations so that there will be no shear upon the bolt C preferably consists of providing each section B at its central location with depending anchoring studs 20 on the convex under surfacing thereof and complementary sockets 2
  • have rounded bottom sur-- faces and sloping side walls 23 which diverge to wards the concaved surface 25 of the sections B.
  • stamping of the sockets is such that the material forming the bosses or lugs 20 will be extruded upon the convex surfacing 21; the wall 28 annularly connecting the boss or projection 20 being sufliciently thick to protect the lug against shearing action.
  • extend through'substantially the entire normal thickness of the body portion of the leaf spring and may project just slightly into the boss 20 as shown in Figure 3 and elsewhere, altho this structure may vary as desired.
  • the die stamping may be accomplished either cold or hot.
  • the lugs and their sockets are located close to and at each side of the bolt opening 30. In the versely across the width of the sections.
  • bosses 20 are so formed that they snugly socket normal size of leaf spring the centers between the bolt opening and the lug and socket centers may approximate 1 altho this distance may vary. It is given by way of example to show that the lugs and their sockets are located very close to the center portion of the leaf section so as not to interfere with proper longitudinal flexure of the leaf sections under load supporting use.
  • the sections of the leaf spring construction are clamped by means of U-bolts E.
  • the bosses 20 are nested in the sockets of the adjacent lowermost spring section in vertical axial alignment close to the bolt 0 and preferably the clamping clips or bolts B are located directly adjacent to or at the outer sides of the nested lugs.
  • and lugs or bosses 20 are formed on a very small surface of the leaf spring so as not to weaken the structure thereof, and they do not extend trans- The in the openings 2
  • leaf spring sections will be prevented from relative turning movement and they hold the position of the leaf spring between the nested sockets with respect to the bolt C so that the spring sections do not have relative movement at the bolt C and thus shearing action upon the bolt is prevented.
  • axle top surface is provided with sockets to receive the bosses of the lowermost leaf of the spring construction.
  • each of said spring sections closely adjacent to said bolt and at each side thereof at the longitudinal center line of the section being provided with an indentation upon one surface and a projecting boss upon the opposite surface with the bosses of one section fitting into the indentations of an adjacent section'whereby to relatively connect said sections preventing relative longitudinal movement of said sections to obviate turning movement at the location of said bolt and against shear action upon said bolt.
  • a leaf spring construction the combination of a plurality of elongated leaf spring sections, each being provided with a transverse opening centrally between the ends thereof, a bolt releasably extended thru all of said openings and clamping said leaf spring sections together, each of said spring sections closely adjacent to said bolt and at each side thereof at the longitu dinal center line of the section being provided with an imperforate socket upon one surface and a directly opposed imperforate projecting boss upon the opposite surface, said leaf spring sections being assembled so that the bosses of one leaf spring section interfit into the sockets of the adjacent spring leaf section whereby to relatively connect said sections against turning upon the bolt as an axis and to prevent shear action upon said bolt as an incident of relative longitudinal sliding of said sections, and U-shaped bolts straddling and clamping the sections together immediately adjacent to but slightly outwardly beyond said bosses and sockets at each side of the first mentioned bolt.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Description

1952 w. T. PILKINGTON, JRK 2,587,522
LEAF N I 7 Filed July 25, 1947 WHM H WILL/14M zp/m/vamqza Patented Feb. 26, 1.952
signor of one-third to William Pilkington, Sr., and one-third to Paul Mallainas, Jr., both of Beckley, W. Va.
Application July 25, 1947, Serial No. 763,55 1
l- 7 This invention relates to improvements in leaf spring structures.
In conventional leaf spring construction the leaf spring sections are generally connected together by means of a central bolt. This bolt is under constant shear stresses. To obviate this the leaf springs are provided with improved means to prevent relative movement of the springs at the time of flexure, at the bolt location, in non-interfering relation with proper flexing along the lengths of the springs beyond the bolt location.
A further object'of this invention is the pro vision of an improved Spring construction having means to prevent turning movement of the leaf spring sections without interfering with proper longitudinal fiexure as an incident of use of the spring construction.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description.
In the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification and wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of the improved leaf sections of the spring structure.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of the spring section.
Figure 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal cross sectional view taken through the central location of one of its leaf spring sections.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional view showing the assemblage of the sections of the leaf spring and their mounting upon an axle.
In the drawing, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown only a preferred embodiment of the invention, the letter A may generally designate the leaf sprin construction. I may include a plurality of laminated leaf sections B connected centrally of their ends by means of a bolt C and having conventional'saddle or clamping means E to secure the leaf spring structure centrally of its ends to an axle or similar construction D.
The improved means to prevent turning movement of the leaf sections B and to lock them together at their center locations so that there will be no shear upon the bolt C, preferably consists of providing each section B at its central location with depending anchoring studs 20 on the convex under surfacing thereof and complementary sockets 2| thereabove inwardly from the concaved side of the section B. This is pref- .erably done by means of die stamping the struc- 2 Claims. (Cl. 267--52) ture. The sockets 2| have rounded bottom sur-- faces and sloping side walls 23 which diverge to wards the concaved surface 25 of the sections B. Stamping of the sockets is such that the material forming the bosses or lugs 20 will be extruded upon the convex surfacing 21; the wall 28 annularly connecting the boss or projection 20 being sufliciently thick to protect the lug against shearing action. It is to be noted that the sockets 2| extend through'substantially the entire normal thickness of the body portion of the leaf spring and may project just slightly into the boss 20 as shown in Figure 3 and elsewhere, altho this structure may vary as desired. The die stamping may be accomplished either cold or hot. The lugs and their sockets are located close to and at each side of the bolt opening 30. In the versely across the width of the sections.
bosses 20 are so formed that they snugly socket normal size of leaf spring the centers between the bolt opening and the lug and socket centers may approximate 1 altho this distance may vary. It is given by way of example to show that the lugs and their sockets are located very close to the center portion of the leaf section so as not to interfere with proper longitudinal flexure of the leaf sections under load supporting use.
Upon the axle D the sections of the leaf spring construction are clamped by means of U-bolts E. It is to be noted that the bosses 20 are nested in the sockets of the adjacent lowermost spring section in vertical axial alignment close to the bolt 0 and preferably the clamping clips or bolts B are located directly adjacent to or at the outer sides of the nested lugs. The sockets 2| and lugs or bosses 20 are formed on a very small surface of the leaf spring so as not to weaken the structure thereof, and they do not extend trans- The in the openings 2| and during flexure of the spring the lugs do not slide relative 'to the socket surfacing.
It is quite apparent from the foregoing that the leaf spring sections will be prevented from relative turning movement and they hold the position of the leaf spring between the nested sockets with respect to the bolt C so that the spring sections do not have relative movement at the bolt C and thus shearing action upon the bolt is prevented.
It is to be noted that the axle top surface is provided with sockets to receive the bosses of the lowermost leaf of the spring construction.
Various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be made to the form of invention herein shown and described without departing from the spirit of the invention of the scope of the following claims.
I claim:
1. In a spring construction the combination of a plurality of leaf sections, a bolt extending through all of said sections and connecting said sections together centrally between the ends thereof, each of said spring sections closely adjacent to said bolt and at each side thereof at the longitudinal center line of the section being provided with an indentation upon one surface and a projecting boss upon the opposite surface with the bosses of one section fitting into the indentations of an adjacent section'whereby to relatively connect said sections preventing relative longitudinal movement of said sections to obviate turning movement at the location of said bolt and against shear action upon said bolt.
2. In a leaf spring construction the combination of a plurality of elongated leaf spring sections, each being provided with a transverse opening centrally between the ends thereof, a bolt releasably extended thru all of said openings and clamping said leaf spring sections together, each of said spring sections closely adjacent to said bolt and at each side thereof at the longitu dinal center line of the section being provided with an imperforate socket upon one surface and a directly opposed imperforate projecting boss upon the opposite surface, said leaf spring sections being assembled so that the bosses of one leaf spring section interfit into the sockets of the adjacent spring leaf section whereby to relatively connect said sections against turning upon the bolt as an axis and to prevent shear action upon said bolt as an incident of relative longitudinal sliding of said sections, and U-shaped bolts straddling and clamping the sections together immediately adjacent to but slightly outwardly beyond said bosses and sockets at each side of the first mentioned bolt.
WILLIAM T. PILKINGTON, JR.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 718,733 Shea Jan. 20, 1903 1,294,338 Hawkins Feb. 11, 1919 1,330,923 Utz Feb. 17,1920 1,377,430 Petty May 10, 1921 1,379,798 Burgess May 31, 1921 1,410,439 Wilson Mar. 21, 1922 1,530,729 Laher Mar. 24, 1925 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date France Aug. 5, 1930
US763551A 1947-07-25 1947-07-25 Leaf spring construction Expired - Lifetime US2587522A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745661A (en) * 1953-02-13 1956-05-15 Nepeer Company Adjustable saddle assembly for vehicle springs
US2826407A (en) * 1954-09-27 1958-03-11 Moog Industries Inc Overload spring for vehicle
US2973196A (en) * 1957-04-01 1961-02-28 Moog Industries Inc Vehicle ride control spring
US3102325A (en) * 1960-01-11 1963-09-03 Alton E Tobey Rasp blade construction
US3204944A (en) * 1963-03-26 1965-09-07 Rockwell Standard Co Tapered springs and methods of manufacturing same
US3548486A (en) * 1967-11-07 1970-12-22 Master Lock Co Art of interlocking plate assembly for laminated padlock bodies
US3891197A (en) * 1973-10-15 1975-06-24 Gus L Poulos Single leaf spring
DE2716388A1 (en) * 1976-04-21 1977-11-03 Consecco Ag JOINING PANELS
US4159185A (en) * 1976-11-11 1979-06-26 S&C Electric Company Ferrule for high voltage fuse and method of fabrication thereof
US4322061A (en) * 1980-02-14 1982-03-30 Lear Siegler, Inc. Tandem spring suspension with leaf rotation stop
EP0092399A2 (en) * 1982-04-21 1983-10-26 Gkn Technology Limited Composite leaf springs
US4611793A (en) * 1984-06-21 1986-09-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Leaf spring assembly for wheel suspension
US20020167121A1 (en) * 2001-01-29 2002-11-14 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Composite bow mono-leaf spring
NL1019766C2 (en) * 2002-01-17 2003-07-18 Schmitz Cargobull Ag Connection between vehicle axle and suspension arm.
US20040201144A1 (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-14 Platner David K. Method for relieving spring seat mounting stresses
US20060042054A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-02 Kippes Kyle W Securing lids to semiconductor packages
US20120228869A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Leak-tight connection between pipe and port
WO2013181195A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US718733A (en) * 1901-05-15 1903-01-20 George B Sloan Jr Leaf-spring.
US1294338A (en) * 1918-04-02 1919-02-11 Charles W Hawkins Brace for leaf-springs.
US1330923A (en) * 1915-02-17 1920-02-17 Standard Parts Co Vehicle-spring
US1377430A (en) * 1919-09-04 1921-05-10 Service Motor Truck Company Motor-vehicle spring
US1379798A (en) * 1920-04-12 1921-05-31 Earl F Burgess Vehicle-spring-retaining means
US1410439A (en) * 1920-06-14 1922-03-21 Charles H Petton Vehicle spring
US1530729A (en) * 1922-01-26 1925-03-24 Frank J Laher Vehicle spring
FR692763A (en) * 1929-08-05 1930-11-10 Improvements to vehicle axle suspension devices

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US718733A (en) * 1901-05-15 1903-01-20 George B Sloan Jr Leaf-spring.
US1330923A (en) * 1915-02-17 1920-02-17 Standard Parts Co Vehicle-spring
US1294338A (en) * 1918-04-02 1919-02-11 Charles W Hawkins Brace for leaf-springs.
US1377430A (en) * 1919-09-04 1921-05-10 Service Motor Truck Company Motor-vehicle spring
US1379798A (en) * 1920-04-12 1921-05-31 Earl F Burgess Vehicle-spring-retaining means
US1410439A (en) * 1920-06-14 1922-03-21 Charles H Petton Vehicle spring
US1530729A (en) * 1922-01-26 1925-03-24 Frank J Laher Vehicle spring
FR692763A (en) * 1929-08-05 1930-11-10 Improvements to vehicle axle suspension devices

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745661A (en) * 1953-02-13 1956-05-15 Nepeer Company Adjustable saddle assembly for vehicle springs
US2826407A (en) * 1954-09-27 1958-03-11 Moog Industries Inc Overload spring for vehicle
US2973196A (en) * 1957-04-01 1961-02-28 Moog Industries Inc Vehicle ride control spring
US3102325A (en) * 1960-01-11 1963-09-03 Alton E Tobey Rasp blade construction
US3204944A (en) * 1963-03-26 1965-09-07 Rockwell Standard Co Tapered springs and methods of manufacturing same
US3548486A (en) * 1967-11-07 1970-12-22 Master Lock Co Art of interlocking plate assembly for laminated padlock bodies
US3891197A (en) * 1973-10-15 1975-06-24 Gus L Poulos Single leaf spring
DE2716388A1 (en) * 1976-04-21 1977-11-03 Consecco Ag JOINING PANELS
US4080768A (en) * 1976-04-21 1978-03-28 Consecco A.G. Connecting arrangement
US4159185A (en) * 1976-11-11 1979-06-26 S&C Electric Company Ferrule for high voltage fuse and method of fabrication thereof
US4322061A (en) * 1980-02-14 1982-03-30 Lear Siegler, Inc. Tandem spring suspension with leaf rotation stop
EP0092399A3 (en) * 1982-04-21 1983-11-30 Gkn Technology Limited Composite leaf springs
EP0092399A2 (en) * 1982-04-21 1983-10-26 Gkn Technology Limited Composite leaf springs
US4611793A (en) * 1984-06-21 1986-09-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Leaf spring assembly for wheel suspension
US20020167121A1 (en) * 2001-01-29 2002-11-14 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Composite bow mono-leaf spring
NL1019766C2 (en) * 2002-01-17 2003-07-18 Schmitz Cargobull Ag Connection between vehicle axle and suspension arm.
EP1334848A1 (en) * 2002-01-17 2003-08-13 Schmitz Cargobull AG Vehicle axle element with bearing arm and axle tube connected therewith
US7210673B2 (en) * 2003-04-10 2007-05-01 Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc Method for relieving spring seat mounting stresses
US20040201144A1 (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-14 Platner David K. Method for relieving spring seat mounting stresses
US20060042054A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-02 Kippes Kyle W Securing lids to semiconductor packages
US20120228869A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Leak-tight connection between pipe and port
US8857036B2 (en) * 2011-03-07 2014-10-14 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Leak-tight connection between pipe and port
WO2013181195A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses
US20130320644A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy Storing Suspension Components Having Retention Recesses
US9050870B2 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-06-09 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses
US9415654B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2016-08-16 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses
US9796231B2 (en) * 2012-05-30 2017-10-24 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses

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