EP0092399A2 - Composite leaf springs - Google Patents
Composite leaf springs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0092399A2 EP0092399A2 EP83302138A EP83302138A EP0092399A2 EP 0092399 A2 EP0092399 A2 EP 0092399A2 EP 83302138 A EP83302138 A EP 83302138A EP 83302138 A EP83302138 A EP 83302138A EP 0092399 A2 EP0092399 A2 EP 0092399A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- depression
- locating
- component
- assembly according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
- F16F1/368—Leaf springs
- F16F1/3683—Attachments or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
- B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
- B60G2200/31—Rigid axle suspensions with two trailing arms rigidly connected to the axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
- B60G2204/4306—Bracket or knuckle for rigid axles, e.g. for clamping
Definitions
- This invention relates to leaf springs made of a composite, fibre reinforced resin, material. More particu - larly, the invention relates to the provision of means by which another member or component can accurately be located relative to a spring.
- a leaf spring will usually require an axle to be secured to it at or near its centre. Such securing will normally be carried out by a clamp arrangement embracing the spring, but this does not provide location of the axle longitudinally of the spring. This has been done by a hole drilled through the spring to receive a bolt or the like, but unless the disposition of such a hole is carefully chosen it can affect the properties of the spring. In any event, it is inconvenient to have to drill a hole through the spring in an additional manufacturing operation.
- a further situation where some form of locating means for a spring is required is if an assembly of two or more leaf springs is used. The individual springs will typically require to be held in fixed positions relative to one another at one point along their lengths. It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved means whereby such location can be achieved.
- an assembly comprising a leaf spring of composite material, clamping means, and a component secured to the spring by said clamping means, characterised by a locating element having a head portion extending into a depression in said spring, said head portion and depression having shallow sloping walls, and a body portion co-operating with said component, to determine the position of said component relative to the spring.
- the head portion of the locating element, and the depression in the spring may be of part-spherical shape.
- the head portion of the locating element could have a flat top, and the depression in the spring have a flat bottom.
- the invention provides that the body portion of the locating element may extend through an aperture in the resilient element. If the resilient element is secured to the spring by an adhesive, which is desirable because it prevents dirt entering between the surface of the spring and the resilient element, the resilient element will serve to retain the locating element in engagement with the spring. This facilitates assembly of the spring and component.
- the resilient element preferably comprises a polyurethane rubber material having a Shore D hardness in the range 50 - 60, and good resistance to abrasion.
- the resilient element preferably extends, longitudinally of the spring, beyond the spring-engaging end of the component secured thereto.
- a locating element is possible whether the component secured to the spring is an axle or associated part, or another composite spring.
- a further locating element of similar form to the first element may be used, engaging a depression in the further spring, with the body portions of the two locating elements co-operating with one another, either directly or by way of a spacer member between the springs.
- the invention further provides a method of manufacturing a leaf spring of composite material, in which an assembly of fibres impregnated with resin is pressed in a mould to cure the resin and form the finished spring, wherein the mould has at least one formation extending into the spring to form a shallow, sloping walled, depression therein, adapted to receive a locating element.
- the formation in the mould may be provided by the locating element itself, which remains attached to the spring when the spring is removed from the mould.
- the resin in effect, adhesively connects the locating element to the spring.
- the locating element may have keying formations which are penetrated by resin and entered by fibres during the mould process. Such provision in the locating element is not, however, necessaryy if a resilient element secured to the spring holds the locating element in place.
- the spring comprises fibres the majority of which extend longitudinally of the spring, set in a resin such as an epoxy resin.
- the fibres may be glass fibres.
- the spring is manufactured by assemblying a succession of layers of fibres impregnated with resin until the required thickness of spring is built up, and introducing such assembly into a closed press tool between relatively movable upper and lower elements 11, 12. The assembly is subjected to heat and pressure to cure the resin and mould the finished spring.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a locating element 13 on the lower element 12 of the press tool.
- the locating element has a head portion 14, which is relatively shallow and is of part-spherical form, and a body portion 15 which is of cylindrical form with an end chamfer and which extends into an aperture 16 in the element 12.
- the head portion 14 of the locating element forms a shallow, sloping walled, recess in the spring during the curing of the resin thereof.
- the locating element may remain secured to the spring by adhesion to the resin thereof when the spring is removed from the moulding press, to provide for location of another component relative to the spring as described hereafter.
- the element 15 may remain in the press element 12, to leave a recess, of shape corresponding to its head portion, in the spring.
- FIG. 2 shows one form of the locating element 13 in more detail.
- Its head portion may be provided with recesses 17 into which, during the moulding operation to form the spring, resin and fibres enter to provide a more positive securement of the locating element to the spring.
- the recesses 17 comprise grooves extending parallel to one another across the head of the locating element, and the locating element preferably would be placed in the press tool element 12 such the grooves extend longitudinally of the spring, i.e. in the same direction as the majority of the fibres in the spring adjacent thereto.
- Figure 3 illustrates what can occur if a deep or unduly steep sided depression is formed in the spring, which is that the fibres become displaced laterally and leave areas 19 on either side of the depression which comprise mostly resin with very few fibres. This could disadvantageously affect the properties of the spring. According to the invention, however, because of the configuration of the depression the fibres remain largely undisturbed by the formation thereof and the properties of the spring are not disadvantageously affected.
- FIG. 4 of the drawings shows an assembly according to the invention. It comprises two composite springs 20, 21 which are parallel to one another and separated by a spacer element 26. Above spring 20 there is disposed a clamping plate 29, and below spring 21 a clamping plate 32 and an element 33 connected to a part 34 of an axle beam.
- a U-bolt 35 embraces the assembly, and has the free end of its limbs threaded to receive nuts, not shown, by which the assembly is clamped tightly to hold the elements of the assembly together.
- the position of springs 20, 21 is determined relative to one another by locating elements 22, 23, with head portions engaging depressions in the respective springs and body portions which engage opposite ends of an aperture extending through the spacer element 26.
- the position of clamping plate 29 relative to spring 20 is determined by a locating element 27 whose head engages a depression in the opposite surface of spring 20 to that engaged by the locating element 22, and a body portion engaging an aperture in clamping plate 29.
- a locating element 30 engages a depression in the opposite side of spring 21 to that engaged by locating element 23, and has a body portion extending through an aperture in clamping plate 32 and engaging component 33 so that the position of the axle beam 34 is determined relative to the spring 21.
- a relatively thin element of a resilient material is provided on each clamped surface of the springs 20, 21.
- Such elements are shown at 24, 25, 28, 31.
- These elements are of a sheet polyurethane rubber material, having a shore D hardness in the range 50-60 and good resistance to abrasion. They are secured to the surfaces of the springs by adhesive, and retain the locating elements 22, 23, 27, 30 in position in the depressions in the springs, if the locating elements are not themselves adhesively secured as described above.
- the purpose of the elements of resilient material is to spread the clamping load into the spring material, and to prevent dirt penetrating to the spring clamped surfaces to cause abrasive wear.
- a suitable material for the resilient elements is a polyurethane rubber known as Dunlop 'Prescollan', grade 27 A 13, hardness 55 Shore D.
- the elements of such material may be about 1.5 mm thick.
- the head portions of the locating elements are not of part-spherical configuration. They comprise successive frusto-conical portions. However, such head portions are still relatively shallow compared with the thickness of the springs, and have side walls which slope such that they do not disadvantageously affect the disposition of fibres within the springs.
- the body portions of the locating elements prefferably be of different configuration to the cylindrical form illustrated, as required to engage with specific components to be secured to springs. It would be possible for the body portions of locating elements 22, 23 to interfit with one another, e.g. by a spigot and socket, as an alternative or in addition to engaging in opposite ends of the aperture in the spacer element 26.
- the depth of the depression formed in the spring to receive the head of the locating element may be approximately 3 mm, the overall thickness of the spring being of the order of 30 mm.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to leaf springs made of a composite, fibre reinforced resin, material. More particu- larly, the invention relates to the provision of means by which another member or component can accurately be located relative to a spring.
- For example, in automotive applications a leaf spring will usually require an axle to be secured to it at or near its centre. Such securing will normally be carried out by a clamp arrangement embracing the spring, but this does not provide location of the axle longitudinally of the spring. This has been done by a hole drilled through the spring to receive a bolt or the like, but unless the disposition of such a hole is carefully chosen it can affect the properties of the spring. In any event, it is inconvenient to have to drill a hole through the spring in an additional manufacturing operation. A further situation where some form of locating means for a spring is required is if an assembly of two or more leaf springs is used. The individual springs will typically require to be held in fixed positions relative to one another at one point along their lengths. It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved means whereby such location can be achieved.
- According to one aspect of the invention, we provide an assembly comprising a leaf spring of composite material, clamping means, and a component secured to the spring by said clamping means, characterised by a locating element having a head portion extending into a depression in said spring, said head portion and depression having shallow sloping walls, and a body portion co-operating with said component, to determine the position of said component relative to the spring.
- The provision in the spring of a shallow, sloping walled, depression has a minimum effect on the properties of the spring. Further, since composite springs are typically manufactured by a moulding process, in which resin impregnated fibres are subjected to heat and pressure in a mould to cure the resin and form the finished spring, such a depression can easily be provided in the spring in manufacture. Drilling or other operations on the spring are not required subsequent to the moulding process. When the component is clamped to the spring, the locating element provides adequate security against relative movement, despite its engaging in only a shallow depression in the spring.
- The head portion of the locating element, and the depression in the spring, may be of part-spherical shape. Alternatively, the head portion of the locating element could have a flat top, and the depression in the spring have a flat bottom.
- When a component is secured by clamping means to a composite leaf spring, it is usual to arrange for relatively large areas of clamped surfaces of the component and spring, and a load distributing element of rubber or plastics material may be interposed between these surfaces. One problem that occurs in service with such an arrangement is that dirt can penetrate between the clamped surfaces and lead to wear from abrasion as the spring flexes. Thus, selection of a material for the load distributing element must be carried out very carefully if it is to perform satisfactorily. The material must be soft enough to spread the load into the composite material of the spring, as loads can be very high if elements such as U-bolts are used as the clamping means, and if such loads are not satisfactorily spread fatigue cracks can propogate into the spring. Conversely, if the material is too soft, the element becomes compressed and again will not perform any load spreading function. The abrasion resistance of the material must be good because of the abrasion effect referred to above.
- In an assembly comprising an element of a resilient material interposed between the spring and component, the invention provides that the body portion of the locating element may extend through an aperture in the resilient element. If the resilient element is secured to the spring by an adhesive, which is desirable because it prevents dirt entering between the surface of the spring and the resilient element, the resilient element will serve to retain the locating element in engagement with the spring. This facilitates assembly of the spring and component.
- The resilient element preferably comprises a polyurethane rubber material having a Shore D hardness in the range 50 - 60, and good resistance to abrasion.
- To resist possible penetration of dirt, to abrade the composite material of the spring, the resilient element preferably extends, longitudinally of the spring, beyond the spring-engaging end of the component secured thereto.
- The use of a locating element according to the invention is possible whether the component secured to the spring is an axle or associated part, or another composite spring. In the latter case, a further locating element of similar form to the first element may be used, engaging a depression in the further spring, with the body portions of the two locating elements co-operating with one another, either directly or by way of a spacer member between the springs.
- The invention further provides a method of manufacturing a leaf spring of composite material, in which an assembly of fibres impregnated with resin is pressed in a mould to cure the resin and form the finished spring, wherein the mould has at least one formation extending into the spring to form a shallow, sloping walled, depression therein, adapted to receive a locating element.
- In the manufacture of a spring by such a method, the formation of a depression with relatively shallow sloping walls in the spring ensures a minimum disruption of the fibres in the surface of the spring, and a minimum tendency to form a region in which there is a high resin content but relatively few fibres. The properties of the finished spring are thus not disadvantageously affected.
- The formation in the mould may be provided by the locating element itself, which remains attached to the spring when the spring is removed from the mould. The resin, in effect, adhesively connects the locating element to the spring. To assist such connection, the locating element may have keying formations which are penetrated by resin and entered by fibres during the mould process. Such provision in the locating element is not, however, necesary if a resilient element secured to the spring holds the locating element in place.
- The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:-
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic section showing the manufacture of a spring by moulding, and a locating element;
- Figure 2 shows the locating element alone;
- Figure 3 shows diagrammatically the effect achieved, and problem overcome, by the invention;
- Figure 4 is a transverse cross-section through an assembly according to the invention;
- Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through part of the assembly of Figure 4.
- Referring firstly to Figure 1 of the drawings, there is shown diagrammatically the manufacture of a composite, fibre reinforced resin,
spring 10. The spring comprises fibres the majority of which extend longitudinally of the spring, set in a resin such as an epoxy resin. The fibres may be glass fibres. The spring is manufactured by assemblying a succession of layers of fibres impregnated with resin until the required thickness of spring is built up, and introducing such assembly into a closed press tool between relatively movable upper and lower elements 11, 12. The assembly is subjected to heat and pressure to cure the resin and mould the finished spring. - In Figure 1 there is shown a locating
element 13 on the lower element 12 of the press tool. The locating element has ahead portion 14, which is relatively shallow and is of part-spherical form, and abody portion 15 which is of cylindrical form with an end chamfer and which extends into anaperture 16 in the element 12. Thehead portion 14 of the locating element forms a shallow, sloping walled, recess in the spring during the curing of the resin thereof. The locating element may remain secured to the spring by adhesion to the resin thereof when the spring is removed from the moulding press, to provide for location of another component relative to the spring as described hereafter. Alternatively theelement 15 may remain in the press element 12, to leave a recess, of shape corresponding to its head portion, in the spring. - Referring now to Figure 2, this shows one form of the locating
element 13 in more detail. Its head portion may be provided with recesses 17 into which, during the moulding operation to form the spring, resin and fibres enter to provide a more positive securement of the locating element to the spring. The recesses 17 comprise grooves extending parallel to one another across the head of the locating element, and the locating element preferably would be placed in the press tool element 12 such the grooves extend longitudinally of the spring, i.e. in the same direction as the majority of the fibres in the spring adjacent thereto. - Because the depression formed in the spring is shallow and has gently sloping walls, the orientation and disposition of the fibres in the surface region of the spring adjacent the recess is not unduly disturbed. Figure 3 illustrates what can occur if a deep or unduly steep sided depression is formed in the spring, which is that the fibres become displaced laterally and leave
areas 19 on either side of the depression which comprise mostly resin with very few fibres. This could disadvantageously affect the properties of the spring. According to the invention, however, because of the configuration of the depression the fibres remain largely undisturbed by the formation thereof and the properties of the spring are not disadvantageously affected. - Referring now to Figure 4 of the drawings, this shows an assembly according to the invention. It comprises two
composite springs spacer element 26. Abovespring 20 there is disposed aclamping plate 29, and below spring 21 aclamping plate 32 and anelement 33 connected to apart 34 of an axle beam. AU-bolt 35 embraces the assembly, and has the free end of its limbs threaded to receive nuts, not shown, by which the assembly is clamped tightly to hold the elements of the assembly together. - The position of
springs elements spacer element 26. The position ofclamping plate 29 relative tospring 20 is determined by a locatingelement 27 whose head engages a depression in the opposite surface ofspring 20 to that engaged by the locatingelement 22, and a body portion engaging an aperture inclamping plate 29. A locatingelement 30 engages a depression in the opposite side ofspring 21 to that engaged by locatingelement 23, and has a body portion extending through an aperture in clampingplate 32 and engagingcomponent 33 so that the position of theaxle beam 34 is determined relative to thespring 21. - In the assembly illustrated in Figure 4, a relatively thin element of a resilient material is provided on each clamped surface of the
springs elements - Part of the assembly of Figure 4 is shown in lateral view in Figure 5. It will be noted that the
elements spacer element 26, which end is of tapered configuration. Abrasive dirt is thus prevented from penetrating to the clamped surfaces of the springs. The securement of theelements element 26 do not lift from the springs which would permit dirt to enter. - One example of a suitable material for the resilient elements is a polyurethane rubber known as Dunlop 'Prescollan', grade 27
A 13, hardness 55 Shore D. By way of example, the elements of such material may be about 1.5 mm thick. - It will be noted that in the assembly shown in Figure 4, the head portions of the locating elements are not of part-spherical configuration. They comprise successive frusto-conical portions. However, such head portions are still relatively shallow compared with the thickness of the springs, and have side walls which slope such that they do not disadvantageously affect the disposition of fibres within the springs.
- It would be possible for the body portions of the locating elements to be of different configuration to the cylindrical form illustrated, as required to engage with specific components to be secured to springs. It would be possible for the body portions of locating
elements spacer element 26. - By way of example only the depth of the depression formed in the spring to receive the head of the locating element may be approximately 3 mm, the overall thickness of the spring being of the order of 30 mm.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83302138T ATE23610T1 (en) | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-15 | LAYERED LEAF SPRING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8211553 | 1982-04-21 | ||
GB8211553 | 1982-04-21 | ||
GB8226139 | 1982-09-14 | ||
GB8226139 | 1982-09-14 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0092399A2 true EP0092399A2 (en) | 1983-10-26 |
EP0092399A3 EP0092399A3 (en) | 1983-11-30 |
EP0092399B1 EP0092399B1 (en) | 1986-11-12 |
Family
ID=26282609
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83302138A Expired EP0092399B1 (en) | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-15 | Composite leaf springs |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4508325A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0092399B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU561347B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8301957A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1201135A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3367659D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK174083A (en) |
ES (1) | ES271574Y (en) |
GB (1) | GB2119725B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1984004949A1 (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1984-12-20 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Securing components to springs of composite material |
GB2166839A (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-14 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Leaf spring assemblies |
WO1986005851A1 (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-09 | Gkn Technology Limited | Securing components to springs of composite material |
EP0213110A2 (en) * | 1985-08-03 | 1987-03-04 | Böhler Aktiengesellschaft | Suspension for a vehicle |
EP0215365A2 (en) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-03-25 | Techno Saarstahl GmbH | Fibre-reinforced plastic leaf spring |
WO2013181195A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. | Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4969633A (en) * | 1983-10-19 | 1990-11-13 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Molded fiber reinforced plastic leaf spring |
US4637595A (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1987-01-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Leaf spring assembly |
US6012709A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 2000-01-11 | Pacific Coast Composites | Hybrid leaf spring and suspension system for supporting an axle on a vehicle |
GB9910705D0 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 1999-07-07 | Meritor Heavy Vehicle Sys Ltd | Suspension arm assembly |
US6461455B1 (en) | 2000-01-24 | 2002-10-08 | Pacific Coast Composites | Method of producing a hybrid leaf spring |
US7651107B1 (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2010-01-26 | Daimler Trucks North America Llc | Suspension deflection system |
EP2494234A2 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2012-09-05 | Renosol Corporation | Composite leaf spring |
KR102415657B1 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2022-07-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Suspension system for vehicle with composite leaf spring |
Citations (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US1379798A (en) * | 1920-04-12 | 1921-05-31 | Earl F Burgess | Vehicle-spring-retaining means |
US2253255A (en) * | 1940-09-14 | 1941-08-19 | American Locomotive Co | Laminated spring |
US2539091A (en) * | 1947-06-27 | 1951-01-23 | Frank E Linke | Spring mounting for automotive vehicles |
US2587522A (en) * | 1947-07-25 | 1952-02-26 | William Pilkington Sr | Leaf spring construction |
FR2008264A1 (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1970-01-16 | Brueninghaus Gmbh Stahlwerke | |
US3900357A (en) * | 1970-05-04 | 1975-08-19 | Edgewater Corp | Composite material springs and manufacture |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2161838A (en) * | 1936-10-30 | 1939-06-13 | Tom H Thompson | Leaf spring and liner construction |
US2299873A (en) * | 1941-05-03 | 1942-10-27 | Chrysler Corp | Leaf spring |
US3586307A (en) * | 1969-06-25 | 1971-06-22 | North American Rockwell | Composite spring assembly |
JPS54141944A (en) * | 1978-04-27 | 1979-11-05 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Frp leaf spring |
-
1983
- 1983-03-30 AU AU13042/83A patent/AU561347B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-04-04 US US06/481,807 patent/US4508325A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-04-15 GB GB08310297A patent/GB2119725B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-15 EP EP83302138A patent/EP0092399B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-15 DE DE8383302138T patent/DE3367659D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-18 BR BR8301957A patent/BR8301957A/en unknown
- 1983-04-20 CA CA000426258A patent/CA1201135A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-20 ES ES1983271574U patent/ES271574Y/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-20 DK DK174083A patent/DK174083A/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1379798A (en) * | 1920-04-12 | 1921-05-31 | Earl F Burgess | Vehicle-spring-retaining means |
US2253255A (en) * | 1940-09-14 | 1941-08-19 | American Locomotive Co | Laminated spring |
US2539091A (en) * | 1947-06-27 | 1951-01-23 | Frank E Linke | Spring mounting for automotive vehicles |
US2587522A (en) * | 1947-07-25 | 1952-02-26 | William Pilkington Sr | Leaf spring construction |
FR2008264A1 (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1970-01-16 | Brueninghaus Gmbh Stahlwerke | |
DE2011172A1 (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1971-09-23 | Brueninghaus Gmbh Stahlwerke | Central attachment for spring leaves |
US3900357A (en) * | 1970-05-04 | 1975-08-19 | Edgewater Corp | Composite material springs and manufacture |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0130688A1 (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1985-01-09 | Gkn Technology Limited | Securing components to springs of composite material |
GB2172959A (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1986-10-01 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Securing components to springs of composite material |
WO1984004949A1 (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1984-12-20 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Securing components to springs of composite material |
GB2166839A (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-14 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Leaf spring assemblies |
WO1986005851A1 (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-09 | Gkn Technology Limited | Securing components to springs of composite material |
GB2194018A (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1988-02-24 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Securing components to springs of composite material |
EP0213110B1 (en) * | 1985-08-03 | 1989-10-04 | Böhler Aktiengesellschaft | Suspension for a vehicle |
EP0213110A2 (en) * | 1985-08-03 | 1987-03-04 | Böhler Aktiengesellschaft | Suspension for a vehicle |
EP0215365A2 (en) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-03-25 | Techno Saarstahl GmbH | Fibre-reinforced plastic leaf spring |
EP0215365B1 (en) * | 1985-09-11 | 1990-01-31 | Techno Saarstahl GmbH | Fibre-reinforced plastic leaf spring |
WO2013181195A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. | Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses |
US9050870B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2015-06-09 | Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. | Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses |
US9415654B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2016-08-16 | Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. | Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses |
US9796231B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2017-10-24 | Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. | Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8310297D0 (en) | 1983-05-18 |
EP0092399A3 (en) | 1983-11-30 |
AU561347B2 (en) | 1987-05-07 |
GB2119725A (en) | 1983-11-23 |
BR8301957A (en) | 1983-12-20 |
CA1201135A (en) | 1986-02-25 |
GB2119725B (en) | 1985-10-30 |
DK174083A (en) | 1983-10-22 |
ES271574Y (en) | 1984-04-16 |
US4508325A (en) | 1985-04-02 |
ES271574U (en) | 1983-10-16 |
EP0092399B1 (en) | 1986-11-12 |
AU1304283A (en) | 1983-10-27 |
DE3367659D1 (en) | 1987-01-02 |
DK174083D0 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
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