US2577285A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 4, 1951 F. STEPHAN 2,577,285

PUMP

Filed Dec. 13, 1946 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 FlE. L

I04 I02. I00

FR l-TZ 5T EPHAN adv/M443 F. STEPHAN Dec. 4, 1951 PUMP Filed Dec. 13, 1946 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 FRITZ STEPHAN Patented Dec. 4, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Herbert G. Benz, Shakopee, Minn.; George W. Benz executor of said Herbert G. Benz, de-

ceased Application December 13, 1946, Serial No. 716,090

20 Claims.

My invention relates to an improvement in pumps and deals more particularly with a pump having radially movable pistons.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective pump capable of pumping liquid andthe like. This pump involves radially movable pistons mounted for rotation about a common axis so that during rotation thereof each piston moves through one or more complete strokes.

A feature of the present invention resides in the manner in which the pistons are operated. Each piston is urged outwardly against an encircling casing by spring means and by centrifugal force. A wheeled carriage is provided for each piston, this carriage having wheels or rollers thereupon which engage against the encircling casing with a minimum of friction. The encircling casing has an eccentric inner surface which permits the pistons to travel inwardly and outwardly during each revolution thereof.

A feature of the present invention resides in the provision of radial cylinders having a passage from the inner extremity thereof into communication with fixed inlet and outlet ports. As the pistons move outwardly the communicating passage of the respective cylinder is in communication with a fixed inlet port. As the piston reaches its extreme outward position the communicating passage moves out of communication with the intake port and into communication with an outlet port. The communicating passage remains in communication with the outlet port during the inward stroke of the piston.

A feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a pump having radial pistons which are rotatable in a rotatable encircling casing@ 'The casing has an eccentric inner surface to provide the radial movement of the pistons. When the pistons are rotating about a fixed center and the casing is held stationary, the pistons act to pump liquid or similar material. When the encircling casing is allowed to rotate with the pistons no pumping action takes place. means is provided for either holding the casing stationary or allowing the same to rotate. Similarly the clutch will allow the casing to rotate at a fraction of the speed of rotation of the pis tens, thereby cutting down the pumping action.

A feature of the present invention resides in A clutch v the roller to the groove to permit the roller to a novel and effective manner of holding the piston carriage rollers in place. Each roller is rotatable about a fixed axis having a pin projecting radially therefrom. Each roller is provided with a groove about its inner circumference in which the pin may slide. A notch is provided from one side of be attached or detached from its axis.

These and other objects and novel features of my invention will be more clearly and fully set forth in the following specification and claims.

In the drawings forming a part of my specification:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of my pump showing the construction thereof.

Figure 2 is a sectional view through the pump showing the construction thereof.

Figure 3 is a sectional view at right angles to the axis of the pump, the position of the section being indicated by the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view through one of the piston carriages showing the manner in which the supporting rollers are connected thereto.

Figure 5 is a sectional view through one of the piston carriage rollers, the position of the section being indicated by the line 5-5. of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a sectional view through the pump near one end thereof, the position of the section being indicated by the line 66 of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is an elevational view of the central axis of the pump showing the intake and discharge ports therein.

Figure 8 is an end view of the central axis illustrated in Figure 7.

The pump A includes an outer casing havin a substantially cylindrical outer shell l0 provided with a closed end I l thereupon. Within the outer shell I0 I provide an inner casing which includes a hollow cylindrical sleeve I2 having proper outer diameter to snugly fit within the shell I. The sleeve l2 has at one end thereof an end closure I3 comprising a relatively thick ring shaped body having a wide peripheral groove M extending thereabout. The inner sleeve 12 is likewise provided with a peripheral flange I5 which engages snugly within an internal groove l6 at the end of the outer casing in.

The end closure l3 has an axial aperture l1 t-herethrough which serves as a bearing for the enlargeddiameter portion IQ of the drive shaft 20. The enlarged diameter portion I!) of the drive shaft is provided with a series of radially extending rectangular projections 2 I in which the radial pump cylinders are provided. Each projection 2! includes a radially extending bore 22 for accommodating a thimble shaped piston 23. A spring 24 is interposed between the closed end of the piston which is the farthest end from the axis of rotation thereof and the base of the cylinder 22.

The enlarged diameter portion l9 of the shaft is hollow to accommodate the central axis member 25. A passage 26 extends through the wall of this hollow enlarged shaft portion is communicating with each cylinder or bore 22. The liquid drawn into the cylinder by the piston is drawn through this communicating passage 26. Likewise the liquid pumped by: each piston 23 is forced in a reverse direction through the passage 1 26, as will be later described in detail.

A hollow box like enclosure is slidably supported Each enillustrated in Figure 4 of the drawings with a pair of stub shafts 39 and 3| extending from opposite side thereof. Rollers 32 and 33 are rotatably supported on the stub shafts 3.9. and 31!. re-.- spectively. The rollers 32 and 33 are designed to engage against the eccentric inner surface of the enclosing casing so as to move the pistons in a radial: direction with a minimum of friction.

A pin is mounted in the stub shaft SE! toextend radially therefrom. This pin 34 is-engageable in a circular groove 35 extending about the inner circumference of the rol1er'32. A notch 36 is provided extending in an axial directionfrom the inner edge of the roller 22 to the groove 3-). In mounting the roller 32 upon the stub shaft 30, the notch 36 is aligned with the pin 34 and the roller moved axially until the pin 34 is in registry with the groove 35. The roller may then rotate freely and is held in place by the pin 34.

The roller 33 is similarly held in place by a pin 38 projecting radially from the stub shaft 3!. This pin 38 engages in a circulargroove- 3'! in the inner circumference of the roller 33. A communicatinggroove 39 extends from the inner edge of the roller into communication with the groove 31. The roller 33 is inserted inplace by placing the notch 39 in registry with the pin 38 and moving the roller axially until the pin 33 is in registry with the groove 31, whereupon the roller may rotate freely.

As will be noted in Figure 4 of the drawings passages 48 extend through the side walls of the enclosure 2"!- and' apertures 41- extend.- through the end wall 42 thereof. Air or oil may flow through these apertures so as to equalize pressure inside and outside of the enclosure 21 during movement thereof.

It will be noted that the rollers 32' and 33 project slightlybeyond the end wall 42 of the enclosure 21. A a result the rollers engage against the inner wall of the enclosure and permit the enclosure to move in a radial direction on the project-ions 2-1 with a minimum of friction;

The rotor-casing-4'3 includes a sleeve 44 having a cylindrical outer surface and an oval inner sur 'face, as best illustratedin Figure 3 of the drawings. The oval inner surface is shown as being relatively thick at diametrically opposed points 45 and as having a relatively thin wall at diametrically opposed points 45 ninety degrees from the point 45. As a result the piston carriages or enclosure 21 are allowed to move outwardly and inwardly a distance equal to the difference in thickness of the casing wall at the points" 45 and 46 twice during each revolution of the pistons relative to the casing. The casing 43 is provided with an end closure 4'! integral with one end of the sleeve 44. Angularly spaced apertures 49 are provided in the cylindrical sleeve portion. and similar angularly spaced apertures 50 are provided in the end closure 41 to permit oil to flow freely on opposite sides of the end closure and also to flow between the sleeve portion 44 and the enclosing sleeve I2. It will be noted that the enclosure 43 is provided with two larger diameter circumferential rings 5! and 52 which snugly engage within the sleeve l2. The sleeve 33 between these rings 5| and 52 is slightly spaced from the to rotate with this casing.

closure I3 on the sleeve 82.

' the axis or distributor element 25.

sleeve I"2- to permit a flow of? oil between the two sleeves.

An end washer 53 is interposed between the free end of the sleeve portion 5 3 and the end This washer 53 is provided with a series of angularly spaced apertures 5t therethrough which may rotate into communication with any of a series of angularly spaced apertures 55 leading to the peripheral groove I4.

The washer 53. is provided with opposed ears 56 which. engage in notches 5? in the free end of the sleeve portion M; of the rotor casing 43. These ears 56 cause the washer 53 to rotate in unison withthe casing 43. A- bearing sleeve 59 extends throughan axial aperturefiii in theend closure plate l? of the casing and is designed A collar 5! is secured to the bearing sleeve 59 to rotate therewith and with the casing 43. This collar Si i provided with external spline teeth 52 and internal spline teeth 63. A collar it connects the collar" E l-with the central distributor elementor central axis 25.

1 The collar 6t is provided with external spline teeth which engage betweeninternal spline teeth 63 of the collar ti. Thiscollar G l is also provided with internal spline teeth- 55 which engage between external teeth 50 on the circumference of An internal flange Bl on the collar 64 holds the distributor element 25 in proper position within the casing 63. The external teeth ll) on the distributor element 25'may be best seen in Figure 7 of the drawings, which shows this element in detail.

The distributor element 25 has as its primary purpose the function of providing fluid'to the cylinders during the intake stroke of the various pistons and the delivery of fluid under pressure from the cylinders during thepower strokes of the piston. To serve this purpose the distributor element 25 is provided with a large diameter portion 'H which fits snugly within an axial bore 12 within the largediameterportion I"! of the drive shaft 20. The distributor portion H is provided with four peripheral grooves therein which are angularly spaced apart. Two opposed grooves 13' and 14 are connected by an aperture i5 through the large diameter portion H; thus connecting both of the grooves 73 and 'l'd with an axial passage 76 which extends through the distributor member 25 to the small diameter end thereof. The axial passage FE does not extend through the large diameter end ll of the element 25' for a purpose which will be later described indetail.

'The remaining opposedslots ii, and '59 are connected by longitudinallyextending grooves 80 andBl, respectively, to the end of the element 25. The various slots are angularly spaced apart a distance equal or slightly larger than the diameter of'the apertureslfi leading through the. shaft portion l9 into communication with the cylinders 22. Thus during the rotation of the drive shaft each radial passage 26 is moved first into" communication with one of' the grooves g'i'3' or" L4,

and next into communication with one of the grooves 11 or :9 and between times is closed.

The end, 82 of, the element 25 is externally threaded to receive a'bearing cap 83 having an is provided on the bearing cap 83 to limit,end-,

wise movement of the bearing cap. A seal 81 is interposed between the flange 86 and the closure end II so as to prevent the escape of fluid about the bearing 83. The bearing cap 83 is provided with a slot 89 in the extremity thereof by means of which the sleeve may be disengaged from the element 25.

The end plate II of the casing I9 is provided with a central boss 99 which is internally threaded to accommodate the reducer 9I. The reducer 9I includes an externally threaded sleeve 92 having an end 93 thereupon equipped with an axial internally threaded aperture 94 for accommodation of a nipple or fitting 95. The nipple or fitting 95 may be connected to any pressure line to supply fluid under pressure thereto.

The end plate II of the casing I9 is also provided with a boss 99 off-set from the center thereof. An elongated sleeve 9'! extends through an aperture 99 in the boss 96. The sleeve 9'! is provided with a shoulder I99 to limit the insertion of the sleeve 91. This sleeve is provided with a hexagonal portion I9I at one end thereof, by means of which the sleeve may be rotated. A shaft I92 extends through the sleeve 91 and is provided with a pinion I93 on its inner extremity Within the casing I9. A nut I94 is threaded on the end of the shaft I92 to hold the' pinion I 93 in place. A set screw I95 may be provided to connect the sleeve 91 to the shaft I92 to cause rotation thereof in unison.

The pinion I93 engages the internal teeth of a ring rear I96 formed on the inner extremity of the flange I91 on the end of an externally threaded sleeve I99. This sleeve I99 is provided with spline teeth II9 on its internal surface and the external threads thereupon cooperate with internal threads on the free end of the sleeve I2.

A series of clutch discs are interposed between the flange I9I of the threaded sleeve I99 and the closed end 41 of the casing 43. These discs provide a clutch between the elements described. Alternate discs I II are spline connected to the sleeve I99. The intermediate discs I I2 are spline connected to the external surface of the collar 6|. By moving the flanged end I91 of the sleeve I99 toward the casing end 41, axial pressure is exerted against the discs which tends to either hold the casing 43 stationary with respect to the outer pump casing or allow free rotation of the casing 43. The axial pressure is provided by rotating the threaded sleeve I99 in a direction to thread this sleeve into the internally threaded sleeve I2. Axial pressure against the clutch discs is relieved by rotating the threaded sleeve I09 in the opposite direction. Rotation of the sleeve I99 is efiected by rotating the pinion I93 with the shaft I92.

An axial recess H3 is provided in the end closure I3 to accommodate anoil seal'II4. This oil seal I I4 prevents the flow of the fluid between the shaft 29 and the end I3 of the casing. The

seal I I4 is held in place by an externally threaded plug I I5 which engages into the internal threads of the aperture I I3.

It will be noted that a series of angularly spaced apertures I It are provided through the end of the large diameter portion I9 of the drive shaft 29 so as to permit oil to flow into the interior ofthe hollow vshaftportionl9. The passages H6 communicate with an annular chamber Ill xternally of the shaft 29 and inwardly of the oil seal H4. The chamber Ill is in communication with the peripheral groove I4 through a series of angularly spaced passages H9. An oil inlet I29 is provided on the outer casing sleeve In in communication with the peripheral groove II4. As the pump is usually used to pump oil or similar material which also may be used as a lubricant, the oil intake is connected to the interior of the pump so that the incoming oil may lubricate the parts thereof.

Key ways are provided between the end closure I3 and the casing It to prevent relative rotation between these parts. The pump illustrated is designed for attachment against a drive mecha-" nism and accordingly .is provided with an end flange I2I having angularly spaced apertures. I 22 therethrough by means of which the pump may be attached to the drive device. If the pump is to be driven from a distant power supply, means must be provided for connecting the end closure 13 with the casing I9 to prevent separation of these elements.

The operation of my pump is believed obvious from the foregoing description. Oil enters through the inlet I29, and is drawn into the peripheral groove !4 in the end closure I3 of the casing. From the peripheral groove Hi oil may flow through the passages 55 into the interior of the rotatable casing 43. This casing is pro vided with openings therethroughso that the exterior surface thereof is lubricated during operation of the pump. The enclosures 2? are also lubricated so as to slide readily upon the projections 2| The rollers 32 and 33 on the enclosures 2'! are also properly lubricated by this means.

Oil entering the pump may flow through the passages M9, the chamber Ill, and the passages M6 to the interior of the hollow portion I9 of the drive shaft 29. Oil entering this shaft portion limit of its stroke the respective passage 25 passes out of communication withthe inlet ports ill or I9 and passes into communication with one of the outlet port grooves '83 or 74. During the in ward stroke of each piston, oil is forced inwardly through the passage 29 and into the outlet port groove 13 or 74 through which oil is forced into the axial passage l9 and thus outwardly through the connecting nipple 55' The collar 69 provides a-timing means for adjusting the position of the distributing element 25 relative to the casing 43. Obviously the element 25 must be in proper time with the casing 43 so that the oil is drawn from the inlet ports during the outward stroke of the pistons and forced into the outlet ports on the power stroke of each piston. With the arrangement illustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings the pistons are arranged to rotate in a clockwise direction relative to the casing in order to operate as described. In the event it was desired to rotate the pistons in the opposite direction relative to the casing, the distributing element 25 would have to be rotated through an angular distance of ninety degrees to properly tim the pump.

When the pump is started in operation, if the axial pressure upon the clutch plates III and the pinion. m3 the threaded sleeve I09 may be.

threaded into the casing. sleeve I2. As a result axial pressure is: exerted against'the clutch. discs HI and H2 causing friction therebetween. As friction is provided between the clutch plates the. speed of rotation of the casing 43' decreases to a point. where when the clutch is tight the casing 43 is held from rotation. When the casin 2.3 is held stationary the pistons will operate at their greatest speed and the maximum pumping action will be: effected.

It will be seen that I have provided av pump which may be rotated constantly with a minimum of friction, and power loss, particularly when the inner'casi'ng is allowed to rotate. When the clutch is free the inner casing will rotate and no pumping action will be. provided. By merely tightening the clutch any desired. proportion of the total pumping capacity of the pump may be provided by registering the amount of slippage between the inner casing and the drive shaft.

When the cylinders are rotating relative to their casing the pistons are operating with a minimum of friction because of the rollers which bear against the inner surface of the oval'casing. Obviously the enclosures 2'! may freely fit the projections 2| upon which they slide. and it is only necessary to provide a close fit between each piston and its cylinder in order to provide an efficient pumping operation.

In accordance with the patent statutes, I have described the principles of construction and operation of my pump, and while I have endeavored to set forth the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that this is only illustrative thereof, and that obvious changes may be made within the scope of thefollowing claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A pump including a series of radially extending cylinders, means supporting said cylinders rotatable about a central axis, pistons in said cylinders, a casing within which said cylinders are rotatably supported, an inner non-circular surface on said casing and engaging said pistons for moving said pistons radially in their cylinders, means for rotatably supporting said casing, and means engageable with said casing for holding the same from rotation.

2. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having a noncircular inner surface engaging said pistons and operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, and means engageable with said casing for holding the same from rotation.

3. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface, means on. said pistons engaging said. surface and operating to recipro- 8 cate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, and means rotatably sup porting said casing, clutch means engageable with said casing. to selectively hold saidcasing. from rotation or permit: said casing to rotate with said drive shaft.

4-. A pump including a drive shaft, 2. series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in. said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an in her non-circular. surface, means on said pistons engaging said surface and operating toreciprocate said pistons when said-drive shaftrotatesrelative to said casingnneans rotatably support-- ing said. casing, means engageablewith'said' cas-- ing to: hold the same from rotation, a communieating passage from each cylinder through which fluid mayrflow in' either direction, and inletand outlet ports with which each said passage is alternately engaged. in the rotation of said drive shaft.

5. A pump. including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported insaid cylinders. for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a: casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing. having an innernon-circular surface, means on said pistons engaging said surface and. operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, a communicating passage from each cylinder through which flu-id may flow in'either direction. and inlet and outlet ports with which each said passage is al ternately engaged in. the rotation of said drive shaft relative to said casing.

6. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending'cylin'd'ers secured to said drive shaft; for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders. rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface, means on said. pistons engaging. said surfaceand operating to. reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates rel-ative to said casing, meansxrotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said" casing to holdthe same from rotation, a passage in said drive shaft: in communication with each of said cylinders, and distributor means connected to said casing, said distributor means including" to said drive shaft, a casing .withinwhi'chsaid cylinders rotate, said. casingv having an inner non-circular surface, means. on. said pistons engaging said: surface: and operating'to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates'relative tosaid casing, means rotatably supporting. said casing, means engageable' with said casing to hold the same from rotation, said casing .al-. lowing said pistons to move outwardly to provide an intake stroke and inwardly to provide a power stroke, a passage from each cylinder in said drive shaft through which fluid may enter and. leave the. cylinder, and. a; distributor conaccuses 9 nected to said casing for rotation therewith, said distributor connecting each passage with an inlet port during the intake stroke of each piston I and connecting each passage with an outlet port during each power stroke.

8. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylindersuotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface, means on said pistons engaging said surface and operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, eans rotatably support- 'outlet ports which are alternately connectedto each said passage during rotation of said drive shaft relative to said casing.

9. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably support ing said casing, means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, an axial recess in said drive shaft, a distributor element in said recess, said distributor element comprising an elongated shaft about which said drive shaft may rotate, said elongated shaft having grooves in the surface thereof, alternate of which are connected by passages to one end of the elongated shaft, and the remainder of which are connected by passages to the other end of said elongated shaft, and passages through said drive shaft from each cylinder to the interior of the i drive shaft, said passages being alternately communicable' with 'said grooves upon rotation of said drive shaft.

10. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, a carriage slidably supported for radial movement upon each of said cylinders, said carriage engaging the inner surface of said casing and engaging the outer extremity of a corresponding piston.

11. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with reciprocable carriage slidably supported on each of 10 said radial cylinders, said carriage extending be tween one end of each piston and the inner surface of said casing, and apertures through said carriage to equalize pressure on opposite sides thereof.

12. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, an enclosing element slidably supported on each of said cylinders for radial reciprocation thereon, and roller means on said enclosure engageable against the inner surface of said casing.

13. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, meansengageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, a radially reciprocable cap slidably supported on each radial cylinder, the base of each cap extending between the outer end of one of said pistons and the inner surface of said outer casing.

14. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surfaceoperating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, means slidably supported upon each of said radially extending cylinders for radial reciprocation thereon, said last named means engaging the piston within said cylinder to reciprocate the same, and roller means on said last named means engageable with the inner eccentric surface of said casing.

15. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a' casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, a piston actuating means radially slidably supported by each of said radial cylinders, said piston actuating means engaging the inner end of a cor responding piston to reciprocate the piston in in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said 'drive shaft, agcasing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having aninner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative tosaid casing, means rotatably supportme said casing, means engageable with said .casing to hold the same from rotation, a piston actuating means radially slidably supported ,by each of said cylinders for engaging a corresponding piston to reciprocate the same, a pair of stub shafts on said piston actuating means extending substantially parallel to said drive shaft, a pin extending radially from each said stub shaft, and a roller rotatably supported on each stub shaft and including an internal circumferential groove for accommodating said pin, and an axially extending groove communicating with said first named groove.

1'7. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extending cylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said drive shaft, a casing Within which said cylinders rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, ,means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, roller supporting means ,for connecting a roller to a stub shaft comprising a pin projecting from said stub shaft in a generally radial direction, a roller having. an

aperture therethrough of a size to slidably en gage the surface of the stub shaft, a circular groove between the ends of said roller communicating with the aperture through the roller, said groove being of a size to freely accommodate said pin, and an axial groove connecting said .circu 'lar groove with one end of said roller through which said pin may pass in inserting said roller onto said shaft.

18. A pump comprising an outer casing, an ,inner casing within said outer casing,. an inner noncircular surface on said inner casing, a drive shaft extending into said outer casing a series of radially extending projections connectedto said drive shaft for rotation therewith, a ,radially extending cylinder in each of said projec- -tions, a piston in each said cylinder, .each said piston being radially slidable and actuated in a radial direction by the inner surface of said inner casing, an inlet and outlet passage to each said cylinder, a series of clutch discs adjacent said casing, alternate of said clutch discs being secured to said casing for rotation therewith and the remaining discs being relatively fixed, and means for applying axial pressure against said discs to cause frictional engagement therewith.

.19.. .A pump comprising an outer casing. an in- .ner casing within said outer casing an .inner non-.circularsurface on said inner casing, .a .drive shaft extending into said outer casing, a series of radially extending projectionsconnected .to said .drive shaft for rotation therewith, .a radially extending cylinder 'in each of .said projections, .a piston in each said cylinder, eachsaidpis'ton .being radially slidable and actuated .in .a radial direction by the inner surface of said inner casing, an .inlet and .cutlet passage to ,each said cylinder, a series of clutch discs adjacent said casing, alternate of said clutch discs being secured to said casing for rotation therewith and the remaining discs being relatively fixed, and means for applying axial pressure against said discs to cause frictional engagement therebetween, said means comprising a collar threadably engaged to said outer casing and engageable againstsaid discs .to exert .a compressive action thereupon.

20. ,A pump comprising an outer casing, :aninner casingwithin said outer casing, an inner non-circular surface onsaid inner casing, a drive shaft extending into said outer casing, a series of radially extending projections connected .to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, a radially extending cylinder in each of said projections, a piston .in each said cylinder, each said piston jbeing radially slidable and actuated in a radial direction by the inner surface of said .inner casing, an inlet .and outlet passage .to each said cylinder, a series .of .clutch discs adjacent said casin alternate of said clutch discs being secured to said casing for rotation therewith and the remaining discs being relatively fixed. .and means for applying .axial pressure against .said discs to cause frictional engagement .therehetween, said means comprising a collar thread- .ably engaged tosaid .outer casing .and engageable against said discs. to exert a .compressive action thereupon, and means for rotating said collar including ,a ring ear connected to said .collar and a ,pinionrotatably supported by said casing, and means for rotating said pinion to rotate said collar.

FRITZ vSTlZIPIdAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in :the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 845,675 Antrobus Feb. 26, 1907 2,111,658 Benedek Mar. '22, 1938 2,273,468 Ferris Feb. 17, 1942

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