US2575228A - Wheel truing device - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 13, 1951 R. F. MOORE WHEEL TRUING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 14, 1946 lllllllLl l lllxlllll lllln m m m w.

RICHARD F.MOORE ATTORNEY NOV. 13, 1951 R MQQRE 2,575,228

WHEEL TRUING DEVICE Filed Feb. 14, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 v INVENTOR.

RICHARD F. MOORE ATTORNEY Nov. 13, 1951 R. F. MOORE WHEEL TRUING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 14, 1946 INVENTQR. RICHARD F. MOORE ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 13, g 1951 WHEEL TRUING DEVICE Richard F. Moore, Trumbull, Cnn., assignor to Moore Special Tool Co. Inc., a corporation of Connecticut Application February 14, 1946, Serial No. 647,533

3 Claims.

The invention relates to new and useful improvements in grinding machines and has particular relation to a means for dressing form grinding wheels while in place on grinding machines.

An object of the invention is to provide in a grinding machine a wheel dressing means including a wheel dressing diamond or other tool and means to manipulate the same together with a wheel crushing roller for crushing of a grinding wheel to the desired contour.

Cther objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein a satisfactory embodiment of the invention is shown. However, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details disclosed but includes all such variations and modifications as fall within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view showing the upper portion of a grinding machine having the invention incorporated therein;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the machine of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an end elevational view of the midportion of the machine;

Fig. 4 is aperspective view of the mounting bracket;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the crushing roll and associated mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken as along the plane of the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; and

Fig. '7 is a sectional view taken as along the line 1-1 of Fig. 6.

Referring in detail to the drawings, a grinding machine, generally designated Ill, includes a longitudinally movable table I I mounted on a saddle I2 movable in directions transverse to those inwhich the table is movable. At the rear of the table I I is a vertical tool post I3 including a vertically adjustable means or slide I4. This slide is adapted to be raised and lowered by means of a vertical screw I5 fixed to the slide.

A hand wheel I6 is fixed with relation to and is adapted to rotate a bevelled gear I'I meshing with a bevelled gear I8 threaded to the screw or shaft I5. Clearly, on turning of the hand wheel IS the resultant operation of the gears I1 and I8 will cause the screw or shaft I5 to be raised or lowered, depending on the direction in which the hand wheel will be turned and will cause a corresponding movement of the slide I4.

Movable with the slide I4 is a bed or block I9 to which bolts 20 secure a bracket 2 I, the latter including a portion 22 mounting a shaft 23 to which is fixed a grinding wheel 24. It is noted that wheel 24 is located over a magnetic chuck 25 removably fixed to the table II for movement therewith relative to the wheel 24. Thus the chuck is adapted for the supporting of work to be ground and the moving of such Work back and forth under the wheel. Clearly, the wheel head described is adapted for-vertical movement with the block I9 and relative to the chuck and table.

Mounted on the bracket 2| for movement therewith and with the wheel head is a bracket or extension 26, preferably of channel or other rigid construction, projecting to one side of the bracket 2| and on its upper side at its outer end including a table-like portion 21. Portion 21 is provided with a series of bolt receiving holes or openings 28 adapted for use in fixing clamps or other means in place when such clamps or other means are used for the locating and securing in place of a template, as the template 29.

Bracket 2I includes an upper shelf-like portion 30 having integral therewith or secured thereto a block or portion 3| provided with dove-tail ways mounting a slide 32. A screw 33 having a hand wheel 34 or other turning means fixed thereto is adapted to feed the slide 32 on the block or portion 3| in directions transversely of the axis of the shaft 23. Preferably a micrometer scale 35 is associated with the screw 33 whereby the amount of feed of the slide 32 is accurately shown so that the operator will know, as he makes an adjustment of the slide 32, the exact extent of such adjustment.

0n the upper side of the slide 32 is a second slide 36 adjustable in directions at right angles to the directions in which the slide 32 is adjustable or in directions parallel with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 23. The body of the slide 38 is provided with a vertical slot 31 (although if desired two slots each of a reduced length may be used) through which pass bolts 38 threaded or otherwise fixed to the slide 32.

Clearly, within the limits of the slot 31, the slide 36 is adapted to be adjusted at right angles to the directions in which the slide 32 may be adjusted. An L-shaped bracket 39 is located on the upper side of the slide 36 and has openings through which the bolts 38 pass without play. Collars 40 on the bolts 38 at the upper side of bracket 39 are adapted to be clamped against the bracket and thus clamp the latter against the slide 35 and such slide against the slide 32 on tightening of the bolts 39.

A smaller bracket 42 is on the upper side of the outer end portion of slide 35 and has a screw 43 threaded therethrough and journaled in the vertical arm 4! of the bracket 39. A knurled head 44 on the outer end of screw 43 provides for the manual turning of such screw. With the described construction when the bolts 38 are loosened the slide 36 may be adjusted transeversely of the slide 32 by turning of the screw 43. The screw cannot be fed relative to the bracket 39 and therefore as the screw is rotated, when the bolts 38 have been loosened, the slide 36 is caused to move with the smaller bracket 42 as the latter is fed along the screw. After any desired adjustment has been made the bolts 38 are again tightened and the parts are locked in their new positions.

A main pivot 45 suspends a pantograph means generally designated 46 from the outer end portion of the slide 35. The arms of pantograph means 46 are designated 41, 48, 49 and 50 and it is pantograph arm 41 which is pivoted at 45 to the slide 39. Arm 48 is pivoted to arm 41 in spaced relation to the pivot 45 as at 51 while an intermediate pivot 52 connects arms 48 and 49. In addition, arms 49 and 58 are pivoted together at 53 and an intermediate pivot 54 connects the arms 41 and 50. It is here noted that the intermediate pivots 52 and 54 are of the same construction and that the pivot 53 is located intermediate the ends of the arm 49. The portion of arm 41 between the pivots 45 and 51 is designated 55 and the portion of arm 49 beyond pivot 53 is designated 56. The relation of the length of portion 55 to that of portion 56 determines the ratio of movement of a tool to that of movement of a stylus.

In spaced relation to the pivot a shaft 51 is rotatively suspended from the arm 48. Toward its lower end said shaft 51 mounts a tool holder 58 and the relation of the parts is such that under the best conditions the shaft supports the tool holder at a level to have such holder present the cutting edge ofa, tool (as a diamond) in the exact center line of the grinding wheel 24. Under some conditions, as when using an octohedron shape of diamond, the cutting edge may initially be below the center line of the wheel and then as the radius of the diamond is renewed its cutting edge is higher and finally is slightly above the center line of the wheel. In the present instance the tool is disclosed as a diamond although it is understood that any tool suitable for the purpose may be used.

Fromthe free or outer end portion of the arm portion 55 (see Fig. 1) a shaft 59 is rotatively suspended. At its lower end said shaft carries a head-like formation 60 including a portion 6| extending radially with respect to the center line of said shaft and having secured to its lower end a stylus 62 adapted to be turned with shaft 59 as an axis and to be fed across the working face of the template 29, all as will be described and for the purpose to be set forth. Since the tool holder and stylus are both mounted by the pantograph means 48 rectilinear movement of the stylus will be duplicated by the tool holder and owing to the relationship of the arm portions 55 and 56 the movement of the tool holder will be on a reduced scale as compared with that of head 59. The forward end of the stylus comprises a rounded or circular portion 66, comprising the active portion of the stylus proper and the center of the radius of this circular portion is the longitudinal center of shaft 59. The free end portion of arm portion 56 is enlarged providing a head-like portion 68 in which the vertical stylus carrying shaft 59 has bearing.

The details of construction of the various pivots 5|, 52, 53 and 54 are fully set forth in application of Frederick C. Victory and John Robert Moore, Serial Number 555,952 filed September 27, 1944 now Patent No. 2,452,509, dated October 26, 1948. However, it is here noted that pivot 51 includes a stud 6,9, pivot 52 includes a stud 19, pivot 53 includes a stud H and pivot 54 includes a stud 12 corresponding with the stud 19 of pivot 52. On the shank of stud 10 there is mounted a bell crank 13 adapted to turn freely about said stud.

Fixed to the stud or shaft 59 carrying the stylus 62 is a lever 14 while fixed to the tool carrying shaft 51 for turning movement therewith is a level 15. Bell crank 13 includes arms 16 and 11 of which the arm 16 is connected with lever 15 by a link 18 pivoted at its respective ends to the arm and lever, and similarly a link 19 is pivoted at its respective ends to the bell crank arm 11 and the lever 14.

Fixed on the shaft 59 is a hand lever 88. With this construction it will be seen that on turning of the shaft 59 (and thus the stylus 62) the lever 14 will be shifted and through the link 19 bell crank 13 and link 18 will impart a similar movement to the lever 15. As this latter lever is fixed to the tool carrying shaft 51 it will be understood that turning of the shaft 59 about its axis results in the exact similar movement of the shaft 51 about its axis.

Thus, by means of the described linkage connecting the stylus supporting shaft 59 with the diamond (tool) supporting shaft 51 the angular orientation of the stylus normal to the working face of the template 29 governs that of the diamond or other tool relative to a given object, in this case the face of the wheel being dressed.

The shaft 51 is suspended from the arm 48 and necessarily has rectilinear movement therewith and also has turning movement relative thereto as influenced by the linkage construction above described. However, shaft 51 is actually supported independent of the arm 48 whereby the weight of the pantcgraph and. any force applied thereto will not and can not cause movement of the shaft such as to force the tool holder 58 toward the wheel 24.

This is more fully disclosed in the above mentioned application of Victory and Moore but here the means for the described purpose is shown as comprising an articulate bracket generally designated 8|. Said bracket includes arms 82 and 83 of which the arm 82 is mounted to swing horizontally on a, pivotal mounting including car portions 84 secured to or cast with the bracket 2i above described.

Arms 82 and 33 are pivoted together as at 85 and it will be understood that the entire bracket 8! may be swung horizontally about the pivotal mounting 94 and that the bracket arms may have relative pivotal movement at the pivotal connection 85. The shaft 51 is rotatable in the bracket arm 93 but it will be clear that the bracket supports the said shaft against tilting movement such as might occur if only the pivot 45 was depended upon to support the entire pantograph structure. The weight of the pantograph and any force applied thereto will not cause tilting of the shaft 51 in a manner to carry the tool holder 58 toward the grinding wheel 24.

The structure as above described is all fully set forth in the Victory and Moore application above mentioned. It is thought that the operation of I the mechanism so far described will be understood but briefly it may be pointed out that as the stylus 62 is moved with respect to the template 29 the diamond or other tool carried by the holder 68 will be given the exact some movement with respect to the wheel 24 or other wheel mounted in the place of the wheel 24.

According to the present invention, combined with the wheel dressing means above described is a hardened shaped roller which may be serrated for the crushing of the grinding wheel 24 to the desired contour. It is contemplated that such roller will be used in association with the other means described. One method of such use would be to provide a roller of the proper shape together with other means herein described.

In such instance the pantograph mounted diamond or other tool could be used to give the wheel 24 the desired contour and thereafter the wheel would be used to grind this exact contour into a hardened cylindrical crushing roller. Generally this method of grinding the reverse of the desired contour into a, hardened cylindrical wheel will be employed only when a shallow form is required. This having been accomplished the crushing roller is moved away from the wheel and the machine used in the customary manner for form grinding.

As the wheel begins to wear, contact is again established between the wheel and the hardened crushing roller and the latter is used to dress the wheel. This latter operation may be repeated until the crushing roller begins to lose its true shape, whereupon the wheel would be dressed with the diamond and then used to dress the roller. In this way a considerable saving is affected on the diamond since the wheel between dressings with the diamond will be dressed a number of times by engagement with the crushing roller.

To the desired end, I have mounted a bracket 86 on the angularly disposed wall portion 81 of the bracket 2I. Bracket 86 includes a portion 88 disposed against portion 81 and bolted, riveted, welded, or otherwise secured thereto. In addition, the bracket 86 includes a base or foot portion 89 and webs 99 supporting said foot portion 89 from the mounting portion 88.

Disposed on the foot portion or base 89 of bracket 86 is a stationary or guide means 9! mounting a slide 92. Such slide is shown as comprising an upper plate 93 held on the guide or way 9I by side portions 94 and between such side portions mounting a block or nut 95.

'Mounted in a stationary end wall 96 of the guide 9| is an unthreaded portion 9'! of a shaft having a threaded portion 98 passing through the nut 95 and engaging with the threads of the latter.

Fixed to the outer end of the shaft 91 is a gear 99 meshing with a gear I80 on a short shaft II also mounted by wall 96. A hand wheel I02 on the shaft I9I is adapted for turning of such shaft and thereby gear I 09. As gear I90 is turned it meshes with gear 99 and thus turns the shaft 9'! rotating the screw 98. When this screw is rotated, as it cannot move longitudinally; the nut 95 is fed along the screw andbeing rigid with the plate 93 of the slide, the latter is moved along the guide 9|.

Mounted on the upper side of the plate 93 is an electric motor I03 and also mounted on said plate 93 is a bearing means I04 mounting a shaft I05 at one end carrying a pulley I06 and at its other end carrying a crushing roll I01. A belt I68 driven by the motor I 93 serves to drive pulley I06 and thereby the shaft I and the crushing roll III! thereon. Any suitable guard I09 is supported about the belt and its pulleys as by straps III].

With the described construction it will be clear that on manipulation of the hand wheel I92 the slide 92 may be shifted to carry the crushing roller IllI toward and from the grinding wheel 24. When the crushin roll is not to be used, it will be understood that the wheel I62 is manipulated to dispose the crushing roll I91 outwardly with respect to the wheel 24 and to any other moving parts of the machine. At this time, the motor I93 would not be in operation and the pantograph mounting tool and the crushing roll will both be out of use. However, it is a simple matter to feed the slide 92 to carry the crushing roll into engagement with the grinding wheel when that is desired.

The hardened crushing roll is of course driven by the motor I03 and preferably it is driven at relatively slow speeds and is movable by means of the feed screw although other means for feeding the roll may be used if desired. The crusher roll and its associated parts are mounted on a common support with the pantograph means 46 and the wheel 24 so that there is always a constant relation of the positions of these parts.

When a new crusher roll is being placed in operation its contour will be machined, unless only a relatively shallow form is required, to approximately that desired prior to hardening of the roll. Then the wheel 24 having been dressed by the diamond or other tool this hardened roller is brought into contact with the periphery of the Wheel. This time the crushing roller is power driven at a slow speed by the motor I93 but the grinding wheel 24 is driven only by contact with the crushing roller. Continued feeding of the crusher roller into the wheel produces on the wheel the obverse of the contour of the crushing roll on the wheel face. This results in a saving in the use of the diamond in the pantograph means and further results in bringin the wheel to approximately the contour desired.

The roughed wheel is thereafter dressed in the conventional manner using the pantograph means. The freshly dressed wheel being now exactly correct in contour, the crusher roll is ground by the wheel to an exact shape. This is accomplished by bringing the crusher roll into contact with the wheel While both are being driven, the crusher roll at this time being driven at a relatively slow speed. It will be seen that such operation is actually a cylindrical grinding operation.

The now correctly shaped crusher roller is shifted to a position away from the grinding wheel but is ready for use to re-dress the latter whenever necessary. The advantage of this is that a freer grinding surface is generated on the wheel by the action of the crushing roller and wear of the pantograph mounted diamond is greatly reduced. Also the cooler grinding action of a roll-crushed wheel results in less heating and distortion of the work piece. This permits of the grinding of greater contour widths than would otherwise be possible without abnormalheating and distortion of the work piece.

When the roller becomes worn or needs restoration of accuracy and detail it is re-ground as previously described by regenerating its contour with a freshly dressed wheel or with a wheel that has been freshly dressed using the pantograph means. If in any instance the roller crushed grinding wheel fails to reproduce suincient fidelity of detail on the work the wheelis dressed directly from the template by means of the pantograph mounted diamond, providing greater accuracy through elimination of the intermediate step of grinding the roller and thereafter using the latter to crush the wheel.

In all of the described operations the maintenance of relative location of the contour on the template, wheel, crusher roll and work is inherent in the construction of the device. Also the advantages of either method of wheel dressing, that is, by the diamond or crushin roller, both being incorporated in the same device, are quickly available and may be used optionally without loss of relative location.

The design of the device permits the contour to be ground on the crusher roll while it is mounted on the same bearings as when used to crush the wheel. This greatl increases the accuracy obtainable in crushed wheel grinding by eliminating the errors resulting from changing the roller from one shaft or bearing to another. To sum up briefly, the advantages of this invention, it is pointed out that heretofore forming of wheels for contour grinding has been done by either two methods; namely-(1) roller crusher dressing-(2) diamond dressing. There are inherent advantages and disadvantages in both methods. The present invention provides or facilitates the using of either method at any time the operator may choose. This permits the operator to easily take advantage of the method most desirable at any particular time or for any particular job in hand.

The entire pantograph means and the parts mounted thereon together with the entire crushing roller means and associated parts are mounted on the movable wheel head so that when the latter is adjusted the dressing mechanisms remain in the same relation to the wheel as previous to any such adjustment. Movement of the slide 32 by the calibrated screw means described causes feeding of the entire pantograph means into or toward the wheel a measured amount or an amount readily determined from the reading of the micrometer scale 35. This feeding of the slide 32 as indicated moves the tool or diamond toward the work and governs stock removal from the wheel.

However, it is pointed out that the bracket 88 and the crushing roller means carried thereby are not mountedon the slide 32 but are mounted on the bracket 2i on which said slide is mounted. Therefore, adjustments by the slide 32 do not result in any changed position of the crusher roller mechanism relative to the grinding wheel.

The slide 36 is adjustable at right angles to the slide 32 and permits offsetting of the entire pantograph means so that the same may be swung to position the diamond laterally of the wheel 24 for forming and dressing contours on the side of the latter as well as on the edge or face thereof, when such is necessary or desired. However, adjustments of slide 35 have no bearing on the crushing roller and its associated parts since regardless of any adjustments of the slide 36 the crushing roller and associated parts'maintain the same relation to the grinding wheel.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a grinding machine, a base. a work supporting table, means mounting said work supporting table on the upper side of said base for horizontal adjustments relative to said base, a vertical tool post extending higher than said base and work table and located at. the rear edge of the latter, a wheel head mounted on said post and overhanging said table and vertically adjustable on the post toward and from said. table. a rotatable grinding wheel on and adjustable with said wheel head, a wheel dressing means comprising a hardened steel crushing roller and a dressing tool, means connected with and operable to feed said crushing roller to and from crushing engagement with said grindin wheel, power means connected to drive said crushing roller, a stylus, a template mounted on said wheel head for adjustment therewith and located to be traced by said stylus, a pantograph means mounting and connecting the stylus and tool whereby rectilinear movements of the stylus along the working face of said template are duplicated by the tool along the face of said grinding wheel but on a reduced scale to finish dress said wheel, and means mounting said wheel dressing means on said wheel head for simultaneous adjustment therewith whereby said wheel dressin means remain in the same relation to the wheel on adjustment of said wheel head and may be selectively and independently moved to dress the wheel in any position of the latter and the latter may be dressed by said tool and thus used to dress said crushing roller all without disturbing any adjustment of the wheel head.

2. In a grinding machine, a base, a Work supporting table, means mounting said work supporting table on the upper side of said base for horizontal adjustments relative to said base, a vertical tool post extending higher than said base and work table and located at the rear edge of the latter, a wheel head mounted on said post and overhanging said table and vertically adjustable on the post toward and from said table, a rotatable grinding wheel on and adjustable with said wheel head, wheel dressing means, said wheel dressing means including a hardened steel crushing roller and a dressing tool, a slide on said head and movable therewith and adjustable thereon in a direction parallel to the plane of the Wheel carried thereby, power means connected in driving relation with said crushing roller, means con nected with and operable to shift said crushing roller to and from crushing engagement with said grinding wheel, a stylus, a template mounted on said wheel head for adjustment therewith and located to be traced by said stylus, pantograph means mounting and connecting said dressing tool and said stylus whereby rectilinear movements of the stylus along the working face of said template are duplicated by the tool but on a reduced scale, a main pivot mounting said pantograph means on said slide whereby to be adjusted with said head and on any adjustment of the latter said dressing tool remains in the same relation to said wheel and may be moved to dress the latter without disturbing any adjustment of the Wheel head, means connected with and operable to feed said slide on said wheel head and thus adjust said pantograph means to move said tool toward said grinding wheel and thus govern the amount of stock removed from the latter, and means mounting said crushing roller on the wheel head independent of said slide but also for adjustment with the wheel head whereby on adjustment of the latter said crushing roller remains in the same relation to the wheel and may be shifted to and from engagement with the latter without disturbing any adjustment of the wheel head.

3. In a grinding machine, a base, a work table on said base, a vertical tool post in the rear of said table, a bracket vertically adjustable on said post and carrying a rotatable horizontally disposed shaft and a grinding wheel fixed on said shaft, wheel dressing means comprising a. hardened steel crushing roller and a dressing tool, a slide on the upper side of said bracket and adjustable thereon in directions transverse to such shaft, a slide on the first mentioned slide and movable thereon in directions longitudinally of said shaft, a horizontal pantograph means mounting said tool and a stylus, a template mounted on said bracket for adjustment therewith and positioned to be traced by said stylus, a main pivot mounting said pantograph means on the last mentioned slide whereby to be adjusted with said bracket and on any adjustment of the latter said dressing tool remains in the same relation to said wheel and may be moved to dress the latter without disturbing any adjustment of the bracket and wheel, means connected with and operable to feed the first mentioned slide on said bracket and thus adjust said pantograph means to move said tool toward said grinding wheel and thus govern the amount of stock removed from the latter, means connected with and operable to move the second mentioned slide to dispose said pantograph means and parts mounted thereon laterally of said grinding wheel for the dressing of a side of the latter by said tool, a bracket mounting said crushing roller on the first mentioned bracket independent. of said slides but also for adjustment with said first mentioned bracket whereby on adjustment of the latter said crushin roller also remains in the same relation to the wheel and may be shifted to and from crushing engagement with the latter without disturbing any adjustment of the first mentioned bracket and wheel, means on the second mentioned bracket for driving said crushing roller, and means supported from said second mentioned bracket for manually shifting said crushing roller thereon to and from crushing en gagement with the periphery of said grinding wheel.

RICHARD F. MOORE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,513,757 Hanson Nov. 4, 1924 1,513,758 Hanson Nov. 4, 1924 1,935,328 Munn -1 Nov. 14, 1933 2,135,202 Scrivener Nov. 1, 1938 2,347,283 Ross Apr. 25, 1944 2,436,527 Polk et a1 Feb. 24, 1948 2,452,509 Victory et a1 Oct. 26, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Name Date 518,019 Great Britain Feb. 15, 1940

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