US2573195A

US2573195A - Prefabricated flue construction

Info

Publication number: US2573195A
Application number: US81763A
Authority: US
Inventors: Russell O Gunderson
Original assignee: Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
Current assignee: Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
Priority date: 1949-03-16
Filing date: 1949-03-16
Publication date: 1951-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 1968-10-30

Description

Oct. 30, 1951 GUNDE'RSQN 2,573,195

PREFABRICATED FLUE CONSTRUCTION Filed March 16, 1949 2 SHEETS--SHEET l 20 7 RUSSELL 0. GUNDERSON Oct. 30, 1951 R. o. GUNDERSON 2,573,195

PREFABRICATED FLUE CON-FTRUCTIOI Filed March 16, 1949 2 SHEETS--SHEET 2 RUSSELL o. cumERso/v Patented Oct. 30, 951 I A 2,573,195

UN-ILTED- STATES PATENT PRIEFABRIGATED FLUE CONSTRUCTION Ru se l q n erswt, m ana. W s asknqr "tQ Kais'el? Al iiininum & Chemical Corporation;

accrp'oration ofDelaware Application March 16, 1949,. Serial No. 81:16.3.

io'olaims. (c1.26,3 4 6)'"'"v 'llhisi t pn re ates to fluesiaru aiaieeu sa sa e the data-m Qua t rs Withi th trial iulinaces. and mo e. na tic la fl P 51 121 9. M .iabr cated .iiue Lei use I .t 'lli mfi-i fi W Wa st R9. ed

- eliminates the ncess lura i of. carbon anus .mstri tehit' usiasi assi ifth' I re ab cat d flee 9.2 211? prewar int n iw .isgene i ly omer da a nlate u 011 W 10h .etfa f d acctr inejl is p v d 3P. assembled ah v :riajcewitha tie rods and coupl r sertedthrough the shafts It is a fur in the bricks. Thesejti e rods also serve to clamp a stronghack tofth e top oi the flue so that when thestrongback and brickwork are. clamped together the ue maybe easiiy moved from one location to another. A t t fbb Ci? f this'inv ntiq 1 0 pr idea Although theprefahricated flue of the present "prefabricated'fiue Wh beconstructed with inventmn is a aptable i61 .usihiother types or a of art industrial furnaces 'suchas furnaces r r calcining 1 v 1' further obge'ctjor this invention isto pm;- carbon cathode blocks, coke and cp i and t ose rude ac -f ricated flue, v jhichw enusedwfll for drying materials employed in 'g amm re- "decrease thefsarety arid health hazards for duction operations; itis particularly adapted fo'r maintenance'worli'men in the plants Which utilize use, in carbon' anode baking furnaces". These'fur- ,SuGh fiues'i i' their furngt naces are ge era ly cgm ised f eve al. s ct An the Qb t 1 this i ea j qn p vide that are intermittently'exposed to'he'at. Each j'preiabricated'ilue; hich whenused will-increase section in turnflconsists' of several pits separated the'operational efiiciency Oran-industrial furnace. by refractory brickwork flues. Heat is indirectly Other pbiecta purposes and-advantages'of the transmitted to the various pits "by means of a "invention wi'il'hereinafter more-fully appear or heated gaseou medium which travelsthrough the will" be understood fromtlie following description passages in the fiues so that as the refractories of 0f certainembodiments thereof duringwhich' 'refa the flue become heated, they in turn transmit erence will'be rnade to the accompanying drawheat to the pits. Aiter the firing cycle is comingswhe'rein z" pleted the pits in an individual section of the Figure 1' is a diagrammatic top plan View ef-a furnace are cooled by circulatingair through the 40 carbon anode baking furnace section; showing fiues. the locati nof-the flues w thin the furnace aiid In the past whenever a flue needed replacement, the path of flow of the gaseous medium thereit was broken out and an entirely new fluebuilt through; l up by masons working within the pits. The firing '1 Figure 2 .is an elevational; longitudinal; secschedule of the furnacehadtobe accurately timed 'tion'al view o'f 'the preiabricated Tide of thei'pr'e sito allow for such maintenance" work which in ent invention;

turn resulted in lost production time. Figure 3-is a plan viewof thestrongback shown By the use of a prefabricated fluelost produc- Figure 2; i I tion time has'been reduced to a minimum, since Figure 4; is aplan view partially in sectionof the entire flue can be prefabricated at, some other the cap mou hted' on' top oftheflue g I partof the plant and'transported directly to the Figure 5 is a sectional elevational'view pr ne place where the damaged flue is located. The of the pavihg holeform'erstaken aleng-line 55 dama ed flu can th b c mple e y re q ie e Y and a new flue loweredinto position, Figure 6 isja plan view of the paving-hole In addition the use f prefabricated flu es also formershown in'sectioninFigure5; .a make po si mo eefli ient useof the masons Figu e 7 isa ,eipareed iew'ta senalqf ie i e time in building th flue, ,inthat it enables them i-'-'! "of Figure 2;, the coup t use sui mi gslandfix u s in th -cons e .th adedly engages the 1 ate, p te tion thereof at a central location ihihe plant, j ir oyedgf' which wo ld o h rwise t a s e o ili e 6 f. Withkia r aetii iet efa tea.

particularly Figure 1, it will be apparent that a plurality of prefabricated flues lo, the subject matter of the present invention are located in rows within a carbon anode baking furnace in such a manner as to serve as side partitions or walls for the various carbon anode baking pits ll thereby formed therein. Headwalls l2 of the furnace can also be prefabricated in the manner of the flues l0. However, the invention will be described as applied to flues III.

In laying up the brickwork for the flues of the furnace the bricks are bonded together and so constructed and arranged, in a manner well known in the art, as to provide tortuous passages through which a heatedgaseous medium passes as is disclosed by arrows showing the direction of flow in Figures 1 and 2. This heated gaseous medium in turn heats the refractories of the flues and thereby indirectly heats the carbon anodes in the baking pits.

The prefabricated flue embodied in the present invention is comprised of a base plate 13, upon which a channeled member 14', is mounted with its channeled portion facing downwardly. A plurality of stud bolts l5 whose upper portions are threaded are then inserted through holes in the channeled member and are either welded to or threadedly engage a bore in the base plate.

A nut lo may also be welded to the base plate and the stud bolt passed therethrough to lock the stud bolt more securely in position and prevent it from being withdrawn through the hole in the channeled member l4.

The flue is then built up by laying a plurality of brick courses upon the base plate until the I proper height for the flue is attained. During .this operation the bricks are so layed up that tortuous passageways are provided in the flue,

to be quite satisfactory. It has also been found advantageous to use insulated refractories at the upper portion l9 and lower portion 20 of thefiue.

In laying up the bricks provision is made whereby the bricks at each of the ends of the fines are so arranged that preformed holes in certain of the bricks in the several courses will be brought into vertical alignment so that two shafts 21 are provided into which tie rods 2| may be inserted.

Permanently aifixed to the lower end of the tie rods 2| are couplings or cylindrical sleeves 22. These sleeves have internal threads at the lower portion thereof so that they may slip over and upon turning threadedly engage the stud bolts l5. These sleeves are also either welded to or threadedly engage the lower extremity of the rods 2|.

Before the tie rods 21 and couplings are inserted within the shafts 21, a top frame or cap 23 best shown in Fig. 4, comprised of side and end channel irons 24 and 25 which are welded together and also tied together by means of a plurality of steel rods 26, is placed upon the top of the flue as shown in Figure 2;

After this top frame is placed on top of the flue and affixed thereto by suitable means, concrete may be poured into the frame whereby the frame is permanently cemented to the top of the .an opening 33 in the concrete which will be in alignment with each shaft 21, as well as a means for preventing the concrete while soft and plastic from flowing into the said shafts.

Bearing plates 30 with holes 32 may be aifixed to the cap 23 if desired. If the cap is cement filled as shown in Fig. 2, they are inserted within the cement before it sets at each extremity of the top frame. These plates then serve as bearing members for the strongback 3| at that point on the flue top where the strongback rests upon the concrete adjacent the shafts 21 to prevent chipping of the concrete at this point because of the weight of the strongback, and the Wear on the hole 33 caused by the tie rods. Holes '32 are also in alignment with shafts 21 and the openings 33 formed by the paving hole former 28. When plates 30 are used with a cement filled cap they are first put upon the cement and the paving hole formers thrust through the holes 32 therein, directly above shafts 21.

The strongback 3| is placed upon the top frame 23 in such a manner that it overlaps the frame, and as best shown in Fig. 3 as comprised of two upright channel irons 34 whose channels face outwardly. These channels are closed by steel side strips 35, welded to said irons. The ends of the channel irons are also covered by steel end strips 35.

It will be noted by referring to Fig; 3 that the channel irons 34 are not placed in exact back to back relationship but are spaced apart to provide a longitudinal slot or opening 31 into which a handle or bail 38 may be inserted.

The channel irons 34 are welded together at a plurality of points by means of bars generally indicated at 39, and the strongback bail after insertion in slot 31 is also welded Or retained in place by any suitable means.

On the upper surface of each extremity of the strongback a second bearing plate 40 is positioned. Each of these plates has an aperture 4| permanently afiixed to the strongback by means of the nuts and washers 42 and 43, respectively.

When tie rods 21 with their associated couplings are inserted through the various holes or openings in the bearing plates, strongback, concrete cap and bricks and threadedly engage the stud bolts IS on the base plate, and when nuts 42 with washers 43 are tightened about the upper threaded extremity of each tie rod, the strongback and flue are clamped together. Thus, it is obvious that by this method the flue will be securely held together during the time it is moved into the furnace by the building crane. After the flue has been placed in the desired spot, the tie rods and couplings are removed as well as the strongback, all of which can then be used again on the next flue to be moved.

When the tie rods have been removed from a flue which has been placed in position within the furnace, the shaftszl may advantageouslyb e used in: taking; temperature measurements and: im making flame observations;

In addition after the flue has; been placed in position and the strongback and tie rods have been removed; the use. of a. concrete; steel reinforced flue top will provide a. firmer, safei foot-' ing for. the men working on thefurnace, and: the life of the flue is increased in that the reinforced-i concrete top acts as a beam across its entire length, thereby uniformly distributing any heavy loads such as buckets, carbon: baskets and jib cranes; which previously were concentrated loads uponv the: flues;

While the inventionahas' been shown but one form, it will be obvious: to those skilledainthe; art that it is not so restricted, but is. susceptible of various changes and modifications; without departingfrom the spirit thereof and all within the scope of the appended claims" wherein:'

Whatis claimed is? I 1'. A prefabricated flue assembly of the type: described, which is adapted to be transportedto and inserted as a unit in a carbon anode-baking furnace and the like, comprising a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractoryside walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate, a plurality of coupling members'afli xed to and projecting upwardly from said base plate, cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable to said refractory side walls, at predetermined points thereon so as to provide a top; apertured end walls and interior-baffle means for said flue assembly, said topbeing frirther'pruvided with vertical openings in substantial'registry with said coupling members on said base. plate and removable means attachable to a hoisting apparatus for transporting said flue assembly as a unit from one location to another, said meansincluding'a strongback member positioned. on the top of said flue assembly'having tie rods d'eplend' ingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted;

to be inserted in the openings in the top of said flue assembly and to be ,removably fastened to the coupling members on said base plate, when said strongback member is placed upon the topof said flue assembly.

2. A prefabricated flue assembly of th type. described whichisadaptedto. be transported as a.

unit to andinserted. in a carbon anode. baking furnace and the like, comprising at base plate, at

' pluralityof spaced refractoryiside walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate; cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable to said. refractory side walls at predetermined pointsf thereon and providing a top, apertured end'walls and interior baffle means for said flue assembly, a plurality of; coupling members aflixed to and projecting upwardly from said base plate, and removable means attachable to a hoisting apparatus for transporting said flue assembly as a unit from one location to another said means including av strongback member positioned: on the top of said flue assembly having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said the rods being adapted to be removably. secured to the coupling members on said base plate, when said strong-back memben is placed upon said, flue assembly.

3. A prefabricated flue assembly of the type described which is adapted 'to" be transpnjrted toandinserted asa unit in a carbon anode baking furnace and the like, comprising a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate, a plurality of StlldlbOltS affixed to-and projecting upwardly from said base plate intermed late saidrefractory side walls, cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable tramp-mtmgsaid flue assembly as a unit from one location to another, said means including a strongbaci: member positioned on the top of said flue assembly and having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted to beinserted in the openings inthe top of said flue assembly and removably fastened to the stud' boltson said base plate, when said strongback member is placed uponthe top of'sai'd fl ue assembly;

4a A prefabricated flue assembly of thet'ype described" which is adapted to be transported to and inserted as a unit in a carbon anode baking furnace and the like, comprising a base plate, a pluralityof spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate, aplurality of coupling members afiixed to and projecting upwardly from said base plate; cross-tierefractory' members interposed between and attachable to said refractory side walls at predetermined points thereon so as to provide a top, apertured end walls, and interior ba-flle means for said flue assembly, a-metallic frame reinforci-Tlg" cap mounted upon and secured to the top ofsaid fl'ue assembly, said flue assembly top also be-' ing provided with vertical openings in substantial alignmentwitli said coupling members on said base plate, and removable means attachable toa hoisting apparatus for transporting sai'dflue assembly as a unit from one location to another, said means including a strongback member positinned on the top of saidflue assembly and having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods'being adapted to be inserted in the openings in the top of the flue assembly and removablyfastened to the coupling members on said base plate, when said strongback member is placed upon the top of the flue assembly.

5. A prefabricated flue assembly of the type defined in claim 4 wherein the reinforcing cap for the top of the flue-assembly is substantially filled with cement.

6; In a carbon anode baking furnace consisting of a plurality of flues having bafiie means therein so arranged as to provide a tortuous passage for hot gases flowing therethrough, the im provement which comprises a prefabricated flue assembly which is adapted to be transported toand': inserted as a unit the said furnace, said flue assembly including a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly fromsaid base plate,- aplurality of coupling members aflixed to and projeeting upwardly from said base plate, cross-tie assembly as a unit from one location to another,

said means including a strongback member positioned on the top of said flue assembly having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted. to be inserted in the openings in the top of said flue assembly and removably fastened to the coupling members on said base plate when said strongback member is placed upon the top of said flue assembly.

'7. In a carbon anode baking furnace consisting of a plurality of flues having baffle means therein so arranged as to provide a tortuous passage for hot gases flowing therethrough, the improvement which comprises a prefabricated flue assembly adapted to be transported as a unit to and inserted in said furnace, said flue assembly including a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate, a plurality of stud bolts affixed to and projecting upwardly from said base plate, cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable to said refractory side walls at predetermined points thereon so as to provide a top, apertured end walls and interior baflle means for said flue assembly, a metallic frame reinforcing cap for the top of said flue assembly, and said flue assembly top being further provided with vertical openings in substantial alignment with said stud bolts on said base plate and removable means attachable to a hoisting apparatus for transporting said flue assembly as a unit from one location to another, said means including a strongback member positioned on the top of said flue assembly having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted to be inserted in the openings in the top of the flue assembly and removably fastened to the coupling members on said base plate when said strongback member is placed upon the top of said flue assembly.

8. In a carbon anode baking furnace consisting of a plurality of flues having a baflle means therein so arranged as to provide a tortuous passage for hot gases flowing therethrough, the improvement which comprises a prefabricated flue assembly adapted to be transported as a unit to and inserted in said furnace, said flue assembly including a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate, a plurality of stud bolts affixed to and projecting upwardly from said base plate, cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable to said refractory side walls at predetermined points thereon, so as to provide a top, apertured end walls and interior bafiie means for said flue assembly, a metallic frame reinforcing cap adapted to be filled with cement mounted upon the top of said flue assembly and said flue assembly top and said cement filled cap being further provided with aligned vertical openings in substantial registry with said stud bolts on said base plate, and removable means attachable to a hoisting apparatus for transporting said flue assembly as a unit from one location to another, said means including a strongback member positioned on the top of said flue assembly and having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted to be inserted in the openings in the top and cap of said flue assembly and removably fastened to the stud bolts on said base plate when said strongback member is placed upon the top of said flue assembly.

9. A prefabricated flue assembly of the type described which is adapted to be transported to and inserted as a unit in a carbon anode baking furnace andv the like, comprising a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate, a plurality of coupling members afflxed to and projecting upwardly from said base plate, cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable to said refractory side walls at predetermined point thereon and providing a top, apertured end .walls and interior baffle means for said flue assembly, said top being further provided with vertical openings in substantial alignment'with said coupling members on said base plate and removable means readily attachable to a hoisting apparatus .for transporting said flue assembly as a unit from one place to another said means including a strongback member positioned upon the top of said flue assembly, said strongback member being comprised of a plurality of elongated and oppositely disposed channel members fastened together by a plurality of spacing bars and said strongback member also having a plurality of tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted to be removably inserted in the openings in the top of said flue assembly and removably fastened to the coupling members on said base plate, when said strongback member is placed upon the top of said flue assembly.

' 10. A prefrabricated flue assembly of the type described, which is adapted to be transported to and inserted as a unit in a carbon anode baking furnace and the like, comprising a base plate, a plurality of spaced refractory side walls mounted upon and extending upwardly from said base plate a plurality of studlbolts aflixed to andprojecting upwardly from said base plate, cross-tie refractory members interposed between and attachable to said refractory side walls at predetermined points thereon so as to provide a top, apertured end walls and interior baflle means for said flue assembly, a reinforcing metallic frame cap mounted upon the top of said flue assembly and said flue assembly top also being provided with vertical openings in substantial registry with said stud bolts on said base plate and removable means readily attachable to a hoisting apparatus for transporting said flue assembly as a unit from one place to another, said means including a strongback member positioned upon the cap of said flue assembly, said strongback member being comprised of a plurality of elongated and oppositely disposed channel members fastened together by a plurality of spacing bars and said strongback member also having tie rods dependingly attached thereto, said tie rods being adapted to be inserted in the openings in the top of said flue assembly and removably fastened to the stud bolts on said base plate when said strongback member is placed upon the cap of said flue assembly.

RUSSELL O. GUNDERSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

, UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,688,321 Abbott Oct. 23, 1928