US2570683A - Lead wire construction and method of sealing - Google Patents

Lead wire construction and method of sealing Download PDF

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Publication number
US2570683A
US2570683A US682998A US68299846A US2570683A US 2570683 A US2570683 A US 2570683A US 682998 A US682998 A US 682998A US 68299846 A US68299846 A US 68299846A US 2570683 A US2570683 A US 2570683A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lead
sleeve
sealing
wire
envelope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US682998A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ishler Harry Kenneth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GTE Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
Sylvania Electric Products Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL74848D priority Critical patent/NL74848C/xx
Application filed by Sylvania Electric Products Inc filed Critical Sylvania Electric Products Inc
Priority to US682998A priority patent/US2570683A/en
Priority to GB22079/47A priority patent/GB638208A/en
Priority to FR952575D priority patent/FR952575A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2570683A publication Critical patent/US2570683A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hermetically sealed devices having conductors sealed through the envelope thereof. More particularly the invention is directed to a method of sealing metalto-glass, and also the form of seal resulting from practicing the method.
  • the objects of the invention are: to provide a method and means whereby the leadin wire is protected from injury that may be caused by excessive heat applied during the sealing-in of the lead through the envelope of a vacuum-tight device; to avoid the formation of a seal having a pointed tip which renders the seal inherently fragile; to strengthen the tip of that type seal; to relieve mechanical strains at the exit of the lead-in wire from the envelope of the device, which strains may be produced by manipulation of the lead-in wire; to provide a sealing-in construction which permits the formation of a seal between the envelope material and a leading-in wire, and simultaneously the formation of a tight joint or union between protective means for the leading-in wire, the lead and protective means being brought out through the tip; and other novel features of construction which will become apparent as the description proceeds.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of an electron tube embodying the seal construction contemplated by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, of the top portion of the tube shown in exhaust and sealing position;
  • Fig. 4 shows the structure of Fig. 3 at the completion of the exhaust and sealing operation
  • Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a full-size completed electron tube.
  • the tube may comprise an elongated tubular envelope l, enclosing an electron assembly indicated generally by the numeral 2.
  • the assembly 2 may comprise a conventional arrangement of electrodes, support members and lead-in wires, such as for example a central cathode surrounded by a plurality of grids and an anode, which elements are supported between mica discs. Connection to the electrodes of the assembly are made principally by lead-in wire 3 sealed through a header 4, which is prefabricated as a unit and closes the bottom of the envelope of the tube.
  • the sealing-in construction contemplated by the invention for making connection to an electrode, particularly through the top of the tube, comprises a sub-assembly including a sealing-in conductor or lead-in wire having a surrounding sheath or sleeve 9 slidably mounted thereon.
  • the sleeve 8 consists of an elongated tubular body of non-conducting and preferably friable material, such as ceramic, which sleeve closely fits the lead-in wire 5 but provides enough clearance to be actuated by gravity as presently explained. As shown in Figs.
  • one end of the lead-in wire 5 is connected, as by welding, to a loop 3, which in turn is connected to the anode of the electrode assembly 2, while the other end of the wire 5 extends into an exhaust tube 1, which latter is eventually consolidated into a seal having a tip 6.
  • the ceramic sleeve or sheath 9 slides by force of gravity to the bottom of the lead-in conductor 5 and rests against the loop 8.
  • the header 4 may be sealed to the envelope 1.
  • the position of the tube is inverted (see Figs. 3 and 4) and connection with the exhaust pumps is made by means of exhaust tube 1.
  • the air may be pumped out through the exhaust tube 1, the parts may be heated to drive out absorbed gases, the cathode may be activated by raising its temperature, and any other required steps may be performed, this process usually being carried out on automatic machinery.
  • the seal to lead wire I is made by melting the exhaust tube so that the material thereof, forced inward by the external air pressure, flows around the lead wire 5, simultaneously sealing the lead and closing the envelope, as presently explained.
  • the sealing fires are applied opposite the sleeve 9, which being of ceramic, prevents the lead wire 5 from overheating and melting during the sealing operation. By preventing excessive heating of the lead-in wire 5 it is possible to employ a lead wire of smaller diameter than otherwise would be possible. This has advantages obvious to workers of the art.
  • the length of the ceramic sleeve 9 and the location of a stop or support II, which may take ii form of a short sleeve or a flattened surface on. the lead wire I, are so chosen that the ceramic sleeve I is properly positioned with respect to the point at which the sealing fires are applied.
  • a portion of the tip, with the adjoining embedded section of the sleeve 0, is cut away or broken on at its pointed end, leaving the completed tube as shown in Fig. 5.
  • This may be done with a pair of pliers or by automatic means, and is feasible because both the material of the envelope and the sleeve are friable, i. e., one is glass and the other ceramic.
  • the lead-in wire 5 thus emerges from the en v'elope via the sealed-in portion of the sleeve. 8, which portion forms a union with the seal and/or tip, and the lead-in wire 5 is not in contact with the tip at the point of emergence therefrom. Consequently, since the sleeve has an appreciably larger diameter than the lead wire, the bending of the lead wire, which is likely to occur during handling or installing of the tube, is not likely to crack the seal, especially the tip, thus avoiding or materially reducing a source of shrinkage by air leaking into the device. The breakage of tip seals 15 a serious shrinkage factor, and therefore, any construction or technique which will materially reduce this form of shrinkage is an important advancement in the industry.
  • the support sleeve 9 may be composed of a wide variety of satisfactory materials. Additionally, the ceramic sleeve 9 may be replaced by a suitable coating applied to the lead wire 5; for example, a coating of aluminum oxide deposited on the lead by electrophoresis has been used. This variation is possible because the coatmg serves primarily as a protection to the lead-in wire and is not relied upon for making the seal between the envelope and the sealing-in conductor.
  • An electrical device comprising an envelope having a glass wall, a friable, heat-shielding sleeve, and a flexible conductor extending through said wall and said sleeve, said glass wall being sealed to said conductor and to said sleeve, and said sleeve extending to the exterior of said en velope.
  • An electron discharge device comprising an envelope having a wall of glass enclosing part of the length of a flexible conductor in a cavity of progressively reduced cross-section, said cavity terminating where the conductor is sealed to the glass, and an outwardly adjacent friable sleeve surrounding said conductor and sealed in the glass, said conductor extending beyond the end of said sleeve.
  • An electron discharge device comprising an envelope having a wall of glass enclosing part of the length of aconductor within a cavity of progressively reduced cross-section, said cavity terminating where the conductoris sealed to the glass, and an outwardly adjacent sleeve loosely surrounding said conductor and sealed in the glass.
  • the method of completing the envelope comprising the steps of arranging an electrode conductor having a fixed stop and a friable loosely surrounding heat-shielding sleeve extending along part of it length within an exhaust tubulation extending from the incomplete envelope, fusing the exhaust tubulation while vertical and with the sleeve resting on the stop to form glass seals to the conductor and the sleeve,
  • protective sleeve surrounding the conductor, said sleeve having one end imbedded in the seal at the side of the seal to the exterior of the envelope and said conductor extending from said sleeve.
  • An electron discharge device having an envelope including a glass wall, said envelope having a seal-off tip and a conductor sealed through said tip and extending to the exterior of the envelope, the thickness of glass about said conductor diminishing toward the end of the tip and a friable sleeve surrounding the portion of said conductor which is imbedded in the end of said tip.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
US682998A 1946-07-12 1946-07-12 Lead wire construction and method of sealing Expired - Lifetime US2570683A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL74848D NL74848C (xx) 1946-07-12
US682998A US2570683A (en) 1946-07-12 1946-07-12 Lead wire construction and method of sealing
GB22079/47A GB638208A (en) 1946-07-12 1947-08-08 Lead wire construction and method of sealing
FR952575D FR952575A (fr) 1946-07-12 1947-08-29 Type de fil conducteur et méthode de scellement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US682998A US2570683A (en) 1946-07-12 1946-07-12 Lead wire construction and method of sealing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2570683A true US2570683A (en) 1951-10-09

Family

ID=24742132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US682998A Expired - Lifetime US2570683A (en) 1946-07-12 1946-07-12 Lead wire construction and method of sealing

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2570683A (xx)
FR (1) FR952575A (xx)
GB (1) GB638208A (xx)
NL (1) NL74848C (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664517A (en) * 1952-02-27 1953-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tipless quartz lamp
US2786882A (en) * 1951-01-25 1957-03-26 Krefft Hermann Eduard Lead-in seal for electrical discharge devices
WO1989003123A1 (en) * 1987-09-25 1989-04-06 Aegis, Inc. Microcircuit package with corrosion resistant pins and methof of making

Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US475998A (en) * 1892-05-31 Seal for leading-in wires
US690953A (en) * 1900-04-18 1902-01-14 Peter Cooper Hewitt Method of electric lighting.
US1320114A (en) * 1919-10-28 Wilfred t
US1489099A (en) * 1922-06-05 1924-04-01 Silica Syndicate Ltd Manufacture and production of gas-tight seals or closures between metal and vitreous material
US2060043A (en) * 1935-05-29 1936-11-10 Hygrade Sylvania Corp Arc discharge lamp
US2084913A (en) * 1935-11-19 1937-06-22 Telefunken Gmbh Seal for electron discharge devices
GB476488A (en) * 1936-06-05 1937-12-06 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in the sealing of electric conductors into quartz envelopes
US2147418A (en) * 1936-10-21 1939-02-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Method of assembling lead-in conductor sealed through metallic casing
US2169570A (en) * 1936-04-23 1939-08-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Sealed joint for conductors
GB512974A (en) * 1938-04-22 1939-09-29 Siemens Electric Lamps & Suppl Improvements relating to hermetic seals between metal and vitreous material
US2201717A (en) * 1937-02-01 1940-05-21 Gen Electric Sealed electrical device
US2202337A (en) * 1939-02-27 1940-05-28 Byron E Cohn Seal for evacuated vessels and method of forming the same
US2248644A (en) * 1937-02-09 1941-07-08 Gen Electric Method of sealing evacuated envelopes
US2276218A (en) * 1939-05-27 1942-03-10 Gen Electric Wire seal, particularly for use in incandescent lamps and discharge tubes
US2292863A (en) * 1941-08-26 1942-08-11 Gen Electric Lead-in arrangement
US2296579A (en) * 1940-11-30 1942-09-22 Rca Corp Glass envelope seal
GB577738A (en) * 1944-11-27 1946-05-29 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements relating to sealing conductors through exhaust tubes of evacuated vitreous envelopes
US2447158A (en) * 1943-08-31 1948-08-17 Gen Electric Sealing-in method for lamps and similar devices
US2486101A (en) * 1946-03-01 1949-10-25 Gen Electric Method of making glass-to-metal seals
US2496303A (en) * 1944-07-15 1950-02-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tipping-off operation and product

Patent Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US475998A (en) * 1892-05-31 Seal for leading-in wires
US1320114A (en) * 1919-10-28 Wilfred t
US690953A (en) * 1900-04-18 1902-01-14 Peter Cooper Hewitt Method of electric lighting.
US1489099A (en) * 1922-06-05 1924-04-01 Silica Syndicate Ltd Manufacture and production of gas-tight seals or closures between metal and vitreous material
US2060043A (en) * 1935-05-29 1936-11-10 Hygrade Sylvania Corp Arc discharge lamp
US2084913A (en) * 1935-11-19 1937-06-22 Telefunken Gmbh Seal for electron discharge devices
US2169570A (en) * 1936-04-23 1939-08-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Sealed joint for conductors
GB476488A (en) * 1936-06-05 1937-12-06 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in the sealing of electric conductors into quartz envelopes
US2147418A (en) * 1936-10-21 1939-02-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Method of assembling lead-in conductor sealed through metallic casing
US2201717A (en) * 1937-02-01 1940-05-21 Gen Electric Sealed electrical device
US2248644A (en) * 1937-02-09 1941-07-08 Gen Electric Method of sealing evacuated envelopes
GB512974A (en) * 1938-04-22 1939-09-29 Siemens Electric Lamps & Suppl Improvements relating to hermetic seals between metal and vitreous material
US2202337A (en) * 1939-02-27 1940-05-28 Byron E Cohn Seal for evacuated vessels and method of forming the same
US2276218A (en) * 1939-05-27 1942-03-10 Gen Electric Wire seal, particularly for use in incandescent lamps and discharge tubes
US2296579A (en) * 1940-11-30 1942-09-22 Rca Corp Glass envelope seal
US2292863A (en) * 1941-08-26 1942-08-11 Gen Electric Lead-in arrangement
US2447158A (en) * 1943-08-31 1948-08-17 Gen Electric Sealing-in method for lamps and similar devices
US2496303A (en) * 1944-07-15 1950-02-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tipping-off operation and product
GB577738A (en) * 1944-11-27 1946-05-29 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements relating to sealing conductors through exhaust tubes of evacuated vitreous envelopes
US2486101A (en) * 1946-03-01 1949-10-25 Gen Electric Method of making glass-to-metal seals

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2786882A (en) * 1951-01-25 1957-03-26 Krefft Hermann Eduard Lead-in seal for electrical discharge devices
US2664517A (en) * 1952-02-27 1953-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tipless quartz lamp
WO1989003123A1 (en) * 1987-09-25 1989-04-06 Aegis, Inc. Microcircuit package with corrosion resistant pins and methof of making

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB638208A (en) 1950-06-07
NL74848C (xx)
FR952575A (fr) 1949-11-21

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