US2565929A - Hydraulic servo-steering system - Google Patents

Hydraulic servo-steering system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2565929A
US2565929A US795035A US79503547A US2565929A US 2565929 A US2565929 A US 2565929A US 795035 A US795035 A US 795035A US 79503547 A US79503547 A US 79503547A US 2565929 A US2565929 A US 2565929A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
steering
casing
chamber
bar
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Expired - Lifetime
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US795035A
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English (en)
Inventor
Onde Marcel Auguste
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US2565929A publication Critical patent/US2565929A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/20—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle specially adapted for particular type of steering gear or particular application
    • B62D5/24—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle specially adapted for particular type of steering gear or particular application for worm type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to power steering mechanism and more particularly to a fluid operated system that is directly connected to the vehicle steering bar.
  • the present invention remedies these drawbacks. It has for its object to provide a servosteering device for vehicles in which the steering bar comprises a casing in which is placed, between two resilient stops, a ball at the end of an arm pivotally mounted around a shaft that is subject to the action of the steering column, one of said stops acting upon a rod controlling, through the medium of a pivoting arm, a distributor of fluid under pressure which feeds a servomotor for imparting a movement to the steering bar in one direction or the other, according to the distribution circuit established by the distributor.
  • Fig. 1 is a. diagrammatic cross-sectional view taken longitudinally along the axis of a servosteering apparatus in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the distributor system shown in Fig. 1 and in position for supplying fluid to oper-
  • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a modification of the servo-steering apparatus
  • Fig. 6 is a fragmentary top plan view of the modified apparatus, parts being broken away to illustrate the control lever system of the distributor.
  • the mechanism shown in the drawings essentially comprises the usual steering wheel column carrying a worm-l on its lower end'which is in mesh with a worm gear sector 2 that is pivotally supported by a shaft 3.
  • a counter-arm-4 is fixed to the shaft 3 and carries a ball 4 on its lower end. This ball 4' nests between two abutments 5 and 6 which are slidably mounted within a casing 9 that is rigid with the steering bar 9.
  • a rod- I0 is rigidly secured at one end to the abutment 6 and is connected at its other end with a lever I 2 by a pivot II.
  • the lever I2 is pivotally mounted by a pivot I3- to a housing 14 which is shown plugged and joined in and closing one end of casing 9, rigid with the casing 9 and the steering bar 9'.
  • Theupper end of the lever I2 is positioned between two hollow tubular piston members 19 and 20 which respectively control two double valves I5l6-and l1l8.'
  • the piston members l9 and 28' are sealed by packings 59 and and have passages 52 and '53 therethrough so that they also form valves.
  • the double valves are biased against their seats by springs 2
  • the servo-motor comprises a cylinder 23, within which the double stroke piston 24 is slidably mounted for operative movement in both directions and sealed by packings 25 and- 26.
  • the cylinder 23 is pivotally connected by and adapted to swing about a ball pivot 30 with a bracket 3
  • the cylinder can be secured through a suitable so-called hollow rod device.
  • the piston rod 21, which is sealed where it passes through the cylinder by the packing 28, is connected with a ball 29 having a stem or shank fixed to the end of the housin or distribution box l4.
  • the pivot II actuates a control lever 34 which is pivotally mounted by a pivot 33 in a control box 42.
  • the lever 34 carries a pin 35 to which a flexible cable 39. is connected and'secured by a part 32.
  • This. cable 39 extends from the control box 42 and passes through an incompressible flexible sheath 38, one end of which is secured to the box 42 by an adjustable member 36 and the other end of which is secured to the distributor 46 by an adjustable member 31.
  • the cable 39 extends into the distributor 46 and is connected with a lever 40 by a pin M and a cooperating part 43.
  • Thecable 39 is tensioned by a spring 44 of selected resiliency.
  • the lever 49 is pivotally mounted on the pivot 45 and is positioned between the piston membersv I9 and 20 as previously described, the remainder of the device being common with the arrangement of Fig. 1.
  • the operating fluid is compressed air, preferably, which is supplied through the piping 4-!- into the chambers 48 and 49 containing the flap valves I 5 and IB.
  • the driver actuates the steering Wheel so that the counter-arm 4- moves towards the left (Figs. 1 and 5) thespring 'I'will becompressed while the spring 8 will expand.
  • the abutment 6 will movetowards the left while carrying with it the lever [2 (Fig. 1') or 34-49 (Fig. 5) which will, in turn, drive the piston valve member I9 (Fig; 2), thus insuring-the contact of' the latter with thefiap valve I6, while the flap valve I5 will leave its seat to permit the compressed air to flow from the chamber 48 into the chamber 59.
  • the air will flow fromthe chamberEIi-through the flexible piping 54 (Fig.
  • the actuation of the steering in the reverse direction causes an identical operation for the right part of the distributor (Fig. 4) and the left part of the cylinder.
  • the operating fluid or compressed air is supplied through piping 41 to chamber 49 containing flap valve I8, sothat when the driver turns the steering wheel to move counter-arm 4 to the right (Figs 1, 4 and 5) the spring 8 will be compressed while the spring I will expand.
  • lever I2 or 34-49 is mounted on pivot II, which is stationary, while pivot I 3-or 33 actuates lever I2 or 3440, the latter ceases to push piston valve member 29 and flap valve IBcloses and thus interrupts-the air supply to piston chamber 51 so that piston 24 no longer moves to the right. If it continues to move by expansion of the compressed air, flap valve Il will break contact w-ith piston valve member 29 and allow compressed air to pass from chamber 5i through passage 53 of member 28 into the atmosphere through opening 58 whereby chamber 5I is connected with the atmosphere through'piping 58 orpassage 56 and chamber 51 to stop the action of piston 24;
  • the driver always actuates the steering wheel, the movement of which is transmitted to the steering bar .9 and vehicle wheels through the cuedium of a ball.
  • Applied against the latter are two abutments, each possessing an application spring which presses on the steering bar with it other extremity.
  • This amplifying lever will actuate an electric or mechanical contacting distributor which re leases a driving power which is applied in the direction required by the actuation of the steering wheel.
  • a servo-motor is employed as a prime mover, the driving fluid of which is compressed air, the distributor being a flat slide valve or a cylindrical valve or a flap valve system of any kind.
  • the amplifying lever therefore, actuates the distributor, the latter admitting compressed air into the cylinder on the one side of the piston or on the other.
  • the action of the piston is exerted on the end of the steering bar through a linked but rigid connection between the piston and steering bar.
  • the cylinder serves, therefore, effectively, as a damper for damping the oscillations of the steering due to any obstacles on the road.
  • a servo-steering device for vehicles comprising a steering bar, a casing rigid and in line with said bar, two resilient abutments in said casing, a steering column, an arm pivotally mounted around a shaft rotatably controlled from said column through a suitable gear, a ball provided at the end of said arm and positioned in said casing between and in contact with said abutments, a rod rigidly connected to one abutment in the casing, an arm pivoted in and to said casing to move with the latter and the bar, and pivoted between its ends to said rod, a distributor for a fluid under pressure comprising two opposed chambers, a pair of seats in each chamber, a pair of valve members rigidly connected by a rod in each chamber, a spring biasing said valve members against the two seats, a fluid inlet to each chamber, a fluid delivery from each chamber, a fluid supply connected to the two inlets of said distributor, two hollow plungers open at their outer ends and closed at their inner ends with the free end of the second
  • a servo-steering device for vehicles comprising a steering bar, a casing integral with said bar, two resilient abutments in said casing, a steering column, an arm pivotally mounted around a shaft rotatably controlled from said column through a suitable gear, a ball provided at the end of said arm and positioned in said casing between said abutments, a rod rigidly connected to one abutment, a pivoting arm arranged in said bar and controlled by said rod, a distributor for a fluid under pressure rigid with said steering bar through said casing, comprising two opposed chambers, two seats in each chamber, two valve members rigidly connected by a rod in each chamber, a spring pushing said valve members against the two seats, a fluid inlet to each chamber, a fluid delivery from each chamber, a servomotor comprising a cylinder, one head of which is connected to a part of the vehicle body, a piston in said cylinder, a rod secured to said piston passing through the other cylinder head and pivotally connected to the end
  • a servo-steering device for vehicles comprising a steering bar, a casing rigid and in line with said bar, two abutments in said casing, a steering column, a shaft rotatably controlled from said column through a suitable worm gear, an arm fixed to the shaft and having a ball at the end thereof positioned in said casing between said abutments, a single spring around each abutment in said casing urging said abutments in constant contact with said ball, a rod rigidly connected to one abutment and extending rearwardly therefrom to slide in the casing in line therewith, a second arm pivoted at one end in the casing to move therewith and the bar, and pivoted between its ends to the rear end of the rod, a distributor for fluid under pressure rigid with said casing and bar and comprising two opposed divided chambers, a hollow plunger closed at its inner end,
  • a servo-motor comprising a cylinder, one head of which is pivotally connected to a part of the automobile body, a piston in said cylinder, a piston rod rigidly extending from said piston through the other cylinder head and pivotally connected to the inner end of the casing, and
  • a servo-steering device for vehicles comprising a steering bar, a casing rigid and inv line with said bar, two abutments in said casing, a steering column, a shaft rotatably controlled from said column through a suitable worm gear, an arm fixed to the shaft and having a ball at the end thereof positioned in saidcasing between said abutments, a single spring around each abutment in said casing urging said abutments in constant contact with said ball, a rod rigidly connected to one abutment and extending rearwardly therefrom to slide in the casing in line therewith, a secondarm pivoted at one end in th casing to move therewith and the bar, and pivoted between its ends to the rear end of the rod, a servo-motor comprising a cylinder, one head of which ispivotally connected to apart of the automobile body, a piston in said cylinder, a piston rod rigidly extending from said piston through the other cylinder head and pivotally' connected to the end
  • a servo-steering device for vehicles comprising a steering bar, a casing rigid and in line with said bar, two abutments in said casing, a steering column, a shaft rotatably controlled from said column through a suitable worm gear, an arm fixed to the shaft and having a ball atthe end thereof positioned in said casing between said abntments, asinglespring aroundeach abutment insaid casing urging said'abutments in constant contact withsaid ball, a rodrigidly connected to one'abutment' and extending rearwardly therefrom to slide inthe casing in line therewith, a housing, a second arm pivoted at one end in the housing and operatively connected to the rear end of the rod to move therewith simultaneously with or independently of the casing and bar, a distributor for fluid under pressure comprising two opposed divided chambers, a hollow plunger closedat its inner end, movable in sealedconnection through the inner end of each divided chamber, open at its outer end to form a seat, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
US795035A 1945-12-08 1947-12-31 Hydraulic servo-steering system Expired - Lifetime US2565929A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR261027X 1945-12-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2565929A true US2565929A (en) 1951-08-28

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US795035A Expired - Lifetime US2565929A (en) 1945-12-08 1947-12-31 Hydraulic servo-steering system

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US (1) US2565929A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE472034A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH261027A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR999240A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB655556A (en(2012))

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2746557A (en) * 1953-01-12 1956-05-22 Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Power steering apparatus
US2748880A (en) * 1953-06-15 1956-06-05 Manley R Sackett Combined manual and hydraulic power steering mechanism for vehicles
US2757643A (en) * 1951-08-09 1956-08-07 Chrysler Corp Valve means with built in dashpot
DE1037791B (de) * 1953-07-24 1958-08-28 Bendix Aviat Corp Steuerventil
US2864340A (en) * 1951-10-03 1958-12-16 Bendix Aviat Corp Power steering apparatus
US2925804A (en) * 1955-05-06 1960-02-23 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Vehicle power steering device
US2934158A (en) * 1955-05-03 1960-04-26 Onde Marcel Auguste Servo-steering device for motor vehicles
US2984213A (en) * 1958-03-24 1961-05-16 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Positioning device
US2996047A (en) * 1959-01-09 1961-08-15 North American Aviation Inc Actuating means
US3014460A (en) * 1959-03-23 1961-12-26 Glenn T Randol Pneumatically-actuated booster for vehicular steering systems
US3026851A (en) * 1960-12-19 1962-03-27 Gen Electric Servo mechanism
US3051142A (en) * 1958-07-18 1962-08-28 Fawick Corp Power steering valve
US3080721A (en) * 1962-04-16 1963-03-12 Herbert W Kasper Power steering and shifting mechaninsms
US3274893A (en) * 1964-02-24 1966-09-27 John B Hurlow Power-boosted, push-pull, cable control apparatus
US3347109A (en) * 1964-10-06 1967-10-17 Hydrosteer Ltd Steering mechanism
US3709099A (en) * 1970-08-11 1973-01-09 Trw Inc Convertible rack and pinion steering gear
US3750836A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-08-07 Apsco Mfg Corp Power steering system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE522714A (en(2012)) * 1952-05-16
DE932054C (de) * 1952-07-14 1955-08-22 Hermann Dr-Ing Klaue Hydraulisch betaetigte Lenkvorrichtung, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
NL93565C (en(2012)) * 1952-09-27
DE964838C (de) * 1954-01-22 1957-05-29 Paul Leboucher Hydraulische Servosteuerung, insbesondere fuer Fahrzeuge
DE3545858C1 (de) * 1985-12-23 1987-03-26 Daimler Benz Ag Servosteuerung,insbesondere Servolenkung fuer Kraftfahrzeuge

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1647404A (en) * 1926-01-23 1927-11-01 Gehrig Walter Steering apparatus for vehicles
US1874248A (en) * 1927-02-12 1932-08-30 Francis W Davis Auxiliary power steering gear
FR747960A (fr) * 1932-12-22 1933-06-27 Freins Jourdain Et Monneret Système de servo-direction particulièrement applicable aux véhicules automobiles lourds
FR758143A (fr) * 1933-07-07 1934-01-11 Freins Jourdain Monneret Servo-direction destinée en particulier aux lourds véhicules automobiles
US2164308A (en) * 1936-01-21 1939-07-04 Manly Corp Power output control
US2368741A (en) * 1943-08-26 1945-02-06 Lee O Koen Motor steering apparatus
US2369547A (en) * 1943-08-23 1945-02-13 Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Fluid pressure control mechanism
US2433651A (en) * 1945-03-26 1947-12-30 Ross & Gear & Tool Company Power steering gear

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1647404A (en) * 1926-01-23 1927-11-01 Gehrig Walter Steering apparatus for vehicles
US1874248A (en) * 1927-02-12 1932-08-30 Francis W Davis Auxiliary power steering gear
FR747960A (fr) * 1932-12-22 1933-06-27 Freins Jourdain Et Monneret Système de servo-direction particulièrement applicable aux véhicules automobiles lourds
FR758143A (fr) * 1933-07-07 1934-01-11 Freins Jourdain Monneret Servo-direction destinée en particulier aux lourds véhicules automobiles
US2164308A (en) * 1936-01-21 1939-07-04 Manly Corp Power output control
US2369547A (en) * 1943-08-23 1945-02-13 Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Fluid pressure control mechanism
US2368741A (en) * 1943-08-26 1945-02-06 Lee O Koen Motor steering apparatus
US2433651A (en) * 1945-03-26 1947-12-30 Ross & Gear & Tool Company Power steering gear

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2757643A (en) * 1951-08-09 1956-08-07 Chrysler Corp Valve means with built in dashpot
US2864340A (en) * 1951-10-03 1958-12-16 Bendix Aviat Corp Power steering apparatus
US2746557A (en) * 1953-01-12 1956-05-22 Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Power steering apparatus
US2748880A (en) * 1953-06-15 1956-06-05 Manley R Sackett Combined manual and hydraulic power steering mechanism for vehicles
DE1037791B (de) * 1953-07-24 1958-08-28 Bendix Aviat Corp Steuerventil
US2934158A (en) * 1955-05-03 1960-04-26 Onde Marcel Auguste Servo-steering device for motor vehicles
US2925804A (en) * 1955-05-06 1960-02-23 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Vehicle power steering device
US2984213A (en) * 1958-03-24 1961-05-16 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Positioning device
US3051142A (en) * 1958-07-18 1962-08-28 Fawick Corp Power steering valve
US2996047A (en) * 1959-01-09 1961-08-15 North American Aviation Inc Actuating means
US3014460A (en) * 1959-03-23 1961-12-26 Glenn T Randol Pneumatically-actuated booster for vehicular steering systems
US3026851A (en) * 1960-12-19 1962-03-27 Gen Electric Servo mechanism
US3080721A (en) * 1962-04-16 1963-03-12 Herbert W Kasper Power steering and shifting mechaninsms
US3274893A (en) * 1964-02-24 1966-09-27 John B Hurlow Power-boosted, push-pull, cable control apparatus
US3347109A (en) * 1964-10-06 1967-10-17 Hydrosteer Ltd Steering mechanism
US3709099A (en) * 1970-08-11 1973-01-09 Trw Inc Convertible rack and pinion steering gear
US3750836A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-08-07 Apsco Mfg Corp Power steering system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB655556A (en) 1951-07-25
CH261027A (fr) 1949-04-15
BE472034A (en(2012))
FR999240A (en(2012)) 1952-01-29

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