Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
  • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/002—Surface-active compounds containing sulfur
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• This invention relates to detergents, and more particularly to detergent compositions for use in mechanical washing operations and the like.
• a specific objective of the present invention is to provide detergent compositions which have a materially reduced foaming capacity without any sacrifice of their overall detergent characteristics.
• Another object of this invention is to provide detergent compositions wherein detergents are combined with foam reducing agents compatible with the detergent components.
• Detergent compositions for use in mechanical washing operations usually have been marketed come into contact.
• a primary objective of this invention is to provide detergent compositions for use in washing machines which can be marketed in liquid form.
• Detergent compositions intended for use in washing machines should contain corrosion inhibiting agents which prevent the detergent ingredients of the compositions from attacking the metal parts of the machines with which they Specific ingredients call for different types of corrosion inhibiting agents. Diiierent metals also require different corrosion inhibitors.
• a further object of the invention is to provide suitable corrosion inhibiting agents for use in our detergent compositions and particularly an agent which prevents aluminum from being tarnished.
• Detergent compositions in order to be effective in removing different kinds of soils, must contain several detergent components, each designed for a specific purpose within the composition.
• detergent compositions for use in dishwashing machines should contain detergent components which act specifically on proteins, for example, or lipstick, to give another example.
• a further ingredient of a detergent composition designed for all-around .efiiciency is an ion sequestering agent which, by softening any hard water used in the washingoperation, prevents the precipitation of insoluble calcium salts which would interfere with the washing operation.
• Still another object of the invention is to provide detergent compositions for use in mechanical washing operations which contain several detergent ingredients with different specific functions within the compositions, as well as sequestering agents, these ingredients and agents to be so selected as to be compatible with the primary detergent, foam reducing and corrosion inhibiting components of the compositions.
• One of the basic components of the detergent compositions according to the invention is a hydroxy polyalkyleneoxy ether, or a polyalkyleneoxy thio-ether, of an alcohol or a phenol, said alcohol or phenol having at least one hydrocarbon radical, the hydrocarbon chain of which contains at least 4 carbon atoms and the polyalkyleneoxy ether radical containing at least 6 alkyleneoxy groups.
• Compounds of this classilcation are depicted by the following formula:
• R.Z (CH2.CH2.0) 1H wherein R means at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with at least 4 carbon atoms, such as lauryl, myristyl. oleyl, stearyl or abietyl, etc., radicals, or an aromatic ring system which is substituted by at least one hydrocarbon radical with at least 4 carbon atoms, i.
• radicals e., butyl, is-- butyl, amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, isooctyl, decyl, dodecyl, benzyl or phenyl, etc.
• radicals, Z stands for O or S
• :1 stands for a number varying from 6 to 100
• the number 9 increasing with the number of carbon atoms in R, the number in any event being sufficiently great to render the products soluble in water.
• dodecyl polyglycol thio-ether prepared according to Example 1 of U. S. P. 2,205,021 and containing about 6 mols of ethylene oxide.
• the above mentioned ingredient has as its principal function the dispersion and emulsification of the soil, for example, the soil on dishes to be cleaned in a mechanical dish-washing operation. Apart from excellent emulsifying and dispersing characteristics, these compounds have surface active and wetting properties which enhance their utility in washing methods.
• Potassium cocate has been found particularlyeifective as the foam reducing agent of our compositions, but potassium, sodium and other water soluble soaps obtained from palm oil, cottonseed oil, etc., or organic base soaps such as ethanolamine oleate, are also highly emcient.
• the amount of soap present in our compositions is far too small to add to the detergent properties thereof and is employed solely for the purpose of reducing the foaming of the above detergent component to the point where the flow of water is no longer impeded.
• alkali pyrophosphate An important ingredient for employment with the above components of our detergent composition is an alkali pyrophosphate.
• This component has a number of functions within the composition. First, it has a specific detergent effect on proteins, an essential property, particularly when utilized in dishwashing operations. Second, it is a good sequestering agent and, therefore, supplies water softenin characteristics to our compositions. Third, we have found that compared with other alkaline ingredients of detergent compositions, alkali pyrophosphates assist more effectively in removing lipstick, which is an important propertly in dishwashing operations. for example.
• Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate has been found particularly effective but other pyrophosphates such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate may also be employed. We have found that advantages of compatibility and homogenuity result if the alkali components of the soap and sequestering agent correspond. Accordingly, if a potassium soap is used, tetrapotasslum pyrophosphate is preferred for use as the sequesterin agent in the composition.
• compositions Another important component of our compositions, is a corrosion and stain inhibiting agent for preventing the compositions from attacking and tarnishing the metal parts of any washing machine in which they are employed.
• Silicates, and particularly metasilicates. have been found useful for this purpose.
• Alkali metasilicates such as the sodium and potassium compounds. and ammonium compounds display detergent properties in addition to their corrosion and stain inhibiting characteristics.
• Sodium metasilicate is a particularly effective agent.
• N,N'-tetracarboxymethyl-ethylene diamine is N,N'-tetracarboxymethyl-ethylene diamine, described in U. S. P. 2,130,505.
• compositions of the invention may contain very small additions of alkali metal hydroxides and/or carbonates, which serve the purpose of clarifying the solutions.
• a small amount of carboxy methyl cellulose may be added, if desired, as a stabilizer.
• the balance of the compositions is water.
• compositions are preferably compounded and sold in the form of liquids, but they may also'be marketed in the form of pastes or creams.-
• the main detergent ingredient i. e., the hydroxy polyalkyleneoxy ether, or polyalkyleneoxy thioether
• the soap or foam reducing component may be used in amounts from about 2 to about 5% by weight of the composition
• the amount of the pyrophosphate or sequestering agent varies between about 3 and 8% by weight of the composition
• the corrosion or stain inhibiting agent is present in amounts varying from about 1 to about 5% by weight of the composition.
• Alkali metal hydroxides and/or carbonates if added at all, total at most about .4%. This leaves a balance of water from about 69.6 to about 91% by weight for the liquid compositions.
• the amount of the main detergent ingredient may vary from about 10 to about 30% by weight of the paste or cream; the soap or foam reducing component may be used in amounts from about 3.3 to about 10% by weight of the product; the amount of pyrophosphate or sequestering agent varies between about 10 and about 30% by weight of the cream, and the corrosion or stain inhibiting agent is present in amounts varying from about 3.3 to about 10% by weight of the composition.
• Carboxy methyl cellulose if added at all, does not exceed about 1 by weight, and alkali metal hydroxides and/or carbonates, if added at all, total at most about .4% by weight, leaving a balance of water from about 18.6 to about 73.4% of the paste or creamlike products.
• compositions according to the prersent invention are prepared by mixing the ingredients in the desired proportions. While it is preferred to start with the bulk of the water to be incorporated into the composition, and while stirring to add thereto the other ingredients, the sequence of mixing operations is not a material factor in the manufacture of these compositions. The entire mixing operation takes place at normal temperature and is continued until a uniform. homogenous product, either liquid or creamy, is obtained. Mechanical agitation for homogenizing purposes is particularly important for the paste or cream-like product.
• Example 1 Percent Primary detergent component 10.0 Potassium Cocate” (coconut oil fatty acid soap) 3.3 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 5.5 Sodium metasilicate 2.0 Water 79.2
• Example 2 Per cent Primary detergent component 4.5 Potassium soap from palm kernel oil 2.0 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 3.0
• Example 3 Per cent Primary detergent component 11.5 Sodium soap from castor oil 4.0 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 6.0 Sodium metasilicate 2.5 Potassium hydroxide .1 Potassium carbonate .1 Water 75.8
• Example 5 Per cent Primary detergent component 16.1 Potassium soap from olive oil 5.6 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 16.1 Sodium metasilicate 4.0 Carboxy methyl cellulose .5 Water 57.7
• Example 6 Per cent Primary detergent component 27.5 Sodium soap from olive oil -1 8.5 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 25.0 N,N-tetracarboxymethyl-ethylene diamine 6.5 Sodium hydroxide .1 Sodium carbonate .1 later 32.3
• a detergent composition particularly adapted for use in mechanical washing operations comprising from about 3 to about 30% by weight of a highly foaming compound selected from the class consisting of hydroxy polyaklyleneoxy ethers and polyalkyleneoxy thio-ethers of a compound selected from the class consisting of allphatic alcohols and phenols, said alcohols and phenols having at least one hydrocarbon radical containing at least 4 carbon atoms, and the alkyleneoxy groups in said hydroxy polyalkyleneoxy ether and polyalkyleneoxy thio-ether radical numbering at least 6, from about 2 to about 10% by weight of a water-soluble alkali metal soap, from about 3 to about 30% by weight of an alkali metal pyrophosphate, with water being substantially the balance.
• a highly foaming compound selected from the class consisting of hydroxy polyaklyleneoxy ethers and polyalkyleneoxy thio-ethers of a compound selected from the class consisting of allphatic alcohols and phenols, said alcohols and phenols having at least one
• a detergent composition according to claim 1 in paste-like form which comprises from about 10 to about 30% by weight of the said hi hly foaming compound, from about 3.3 to about 10% by weight of the water-soluble alkali metal soul). from about 10 to about 30% by weight o! the alkali metal pyrophosphate, from about 3.8 to about 10% by weight of a suitable corrosion inhibiting agent, and from 0 to 1% by weight ,0! carboxy methyl cellulose, with water being substantially the balance.
• a detergent composition according to claim 2, wherein the corrosion inhibiting agent is N,N'-tetracarboxymethyl-ethylene diamine.
• a detergent composition according to claim 1 containing not more than .4% by weight of an alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal carbonate.
• a detergent composition according to claim 1 containing an amount not exceeding 1% by weight of the composition, of carboxy methyl cellulose, as a stabilizer.
• a detergent composition according to claim 1 in liquid soap, about 5.5% of tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, and about 2% of a suitable corrosion inhibiting agent, with water being substantially the balance.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (36)

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Citations (6)

• 1947
  • 1947-07-24 US US763442A patent/US2560839A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1948
  • 1948-06-18 GB GB16449/48A patent/GB671358A/en not_active Expired
  • 1948-07-19 FR FR969399D patent/FR969399A/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (6)

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