US2558523A - Self-lubricating alloy - Google Patents
Self-lubricating alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2558523A US2558523A US67551A US6755148A US2558523A US 2558523 A US2558523 A US 2558523A US 67551 A US67551 A US 67551A US 6755148 A US6755148 A US 6755148A US 2558523 A US2558523 A US 2558523A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- per cent
- self
- ounces
- lubricating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GBBVHDGKDQAEOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane Chemical compound O1CCCCC11OCCCC1 GBBVHDGKDQAEOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019944 Olestra Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/08—Alloys based on copper with lead as the next major constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to alloys, but more particularly to a copper base alloy having self-lubricating characteristics and intended for use in the making of bearings and the like.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a self-lubricating metallic alloy of such physical properties and characteristics as to be effective in use at extremely high or extremely low temperatures and which, while having a maximum torque or tensile strength, has a minimum of wear and a low frictional value.
- My self-lubricating bronze as I have termed it, is particularly adapted for use in the making of bearings, gears and other products which normally require lubricationin their operation.
- This improved copper alloy has been subjected to various laboratory and actual operating tests, such as for wear, torque, pressure, etc., as Well asunder high and low temperature conditions, and has been found to meet those physical properties and characterics essential to and required of a self-lubricating metal or one which does not require oil or other lubricants under operating conditions.
- the castings produced from this self-lubricating bronze are readily machinable and have a fine, satin-like surface structure, as well as a distinctive feel of hardness and smoothness. Bearings made from this alloy operate with equal efficiency in extreme high or extreme low temperatures without causing loss of their self-lubricating and other characteristics, and they are not affected by steam or moisture and will not sweat.
- This self-lubricating bronze is composed predominantly of copper, lead, tin and German silver, the latter being preferably that known as 20% nickel German silver, with materially less percentages of phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus) and antimony, and a flux of a particular ingredient content for promoting the fusion of the metallic content of the molten mass and for imparting to it the characteristic of rendering the resulting alloy self-lubricating.
- the metallic elements are melted in a crucible or. the like to provide a molten mass of about 100 pounds in accordance with standard foundry practice, after which the flux is added and pulled into the molten metal to uniformly permeate it.
- the preferred composition of my self-lubricating bronze is approximately 67 per cent by weight of copper, 16 per cent by weight of lead,
- the flux employed preferably consists of 3 ounces of borax, 2 ounces of yellow soap, A ounce of sulphur, and a fatty substance, for example, a slab of butter of approximately 1 /g ounces spread on a combustible carrier which may be in the form of a slice of bread. This carrier is burned and consumed in the molten metal and during such time the butter is allowed to be absorbed by the molten metal and become a self-contained or homogeneous part of it.
- a self-lubricating metallic alloy consisting of approximately 67 per cent by weight of copper, 16 per cent by weight of lead, 11 per cent by weight of tin, 6 per cent by weight of German silver (20% nickel), .025 per cent by weight each of antimony and phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus), and a flux composed of approximately 3 ounces of borax, 2 ounces of yellow soap, ounce of sulphur, and 1% ounces of a fatty substance.
- a self-lubricating metallic alloy consisting of approximately 67 per cent by weight of copper, 16 per cent by weight of lead, 11 per cent by weight of tin, 6 per cent by weight of German silver (20% nickel), .025 per cent by weight each of antimony and phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus, and a flux composed of approximately 3 ounces of borax, 2 ounces of yellow soap, A ounce of sulphur, and 1 ounces of butter.
- a self-lubricating bearing metal comprising an alloy composed of approximately 16 per cent by weight of lead, 11 percent by weight of tin, 6 percent by weight of German silver (20% nickel), .025 percent by weight each of antimony and phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus), and the balance copper, and a flux including a small percentage by weight of butter introduced into these metals while in a molten state through the medium of a combustible carrier.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented June 26, 1951 OFFICE SELF-LUBRICATING ALLOY Paul E. Luther, Olean, N. Y.
No Drawing. Application December 27, 1948, Serial No. 67,551
3 Claims.
This invention relates generally to alloys, but more particularly to a copper base alloy having self-lubricating characteristics and intended for use in the making of bearings and the like.
It has for one of its objects to provide an alloy of this character which is so constituted that it is self-lubricating and where used as a bearing, for instance, does require the use of oil or other lubricants.
Another object of the invention is to provide a self-lubricating metallic alloy of such physical properties and characteristics as to be effective in use at extremely high or extremely low temperatures and which, while having a maximum torque or tensile strength, has a minimum of wear and a low frictional value.
This application is a continuation-in-part' of my, application Serial No. 594,365, filed. May 17, 1945, now abandoned.
My self-lubricating bronze, as I have termed it, is particularly adapted for use in the making of bearings, gears and other products which normally require lubricationin their operation. This improved copper alloy has been subjected to various laboratory and actual operating tests, such as for wear, torque, pressure, etc., as Well asunder high and low temperature conditions, and has been found to meet those physical properties and characterics essential to and required of a self-lubricating metal or one which does not require oil or other lubricants under operating conditions.
The castings produced from this self-lubricating bronze are readily machinable and have a fine, satin-like surface structure, as well as a distinctive feel of hardness and smoothness. Bearings made from this alloy operate with equal efficiency in extreme high or extreme low temperatures without causing loss of their self-lubricating and other characteristics, and they are not affected by steam or moisture and will not sweat.
This self-lubricating bronze is composed predominantly of copper, lead, tin and German silver, the latter being preferably that known as 20% nickel German silver, with materially less percentages of phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus) and antimony, and a flux of a particular ingredient content for promoting the fusion of the metallic content of the molten mass and for imparting to it the characteristic of rendering the resulting alloy self-lubricating. The metallic elements are melted in a crucible or. the like to provide a molten mass of about 100 pounds in accordance with standard foundry practice, after which the flux is added and pulled into the molten metal to uniformly permeate it.
The preferred composition of my self-lubricating bronze is approximately 67 per cent by weight of copper, 16 per cent by weight of lead,
11 per cent by weight of tin, 6 per cent by weight of German silver, .025 per cent by weight of antimony, and .025 per cent by weight of phosphorus copper. The flux employed preferably consists of 3 ounces of borax, 2 ounces of yellow soap, A ounce of sulphur, and a fatty substance, for example, a slab of butter of approximately 1 /g ounces spread on a combustible carrier which may be in the form of a slice of bread. This carrier is burned and consumed in the molten metal and during such time the butter is allowed to be absorbed by the molten metal and become a self-contained or homogeneous part of it.
I claim as my invention:
1. A self-lubricating metallic alloy, consisting of approximately 67 per cent by weight of copper, 16 per cent by weight of lead, 11 per cent by weight of tin, 6 per cent by weight of German silver (20% nickel), .025 per cent by weight each of antimony and phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus), and a flux composed of approximately 3 ounces of borax, 2 ounces of yellow soap, ounce of sulphur, and 1% ounces of a fatty substance.
2. A self-lubricating metallic alloy, consisting of approximately 67 per cent by weight of copper, 16 per cent by weight of lead, 11 per cent by weight of tin, 6 per cent by weight of German silver (20% nickel), .025 per cent by weight each of antimony and phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus, and a flux composed of approximately 3 ounces of borax, 2 ounces of yellow soap, A ounce of sulphur, and 1 ounces of butter.
3. A self-lubricating bearing metal, comprising an alloy composed of approximately 16 per cent by weight of lead, 11 percent by weight of tin, 6 percent by weight of German silver (20% nickel), .025 percent by weight each of antimony and phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus), and the balance copper, and a flux including a small percentage by weight of butter introduced into these metals while in a molten state through the medium of a combustible carrier.
PAUL E. LUTHER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,177,407 Gilson Mar. 28, 1916 1,653,088 De la Concha Dec. 20, 1927 1,738,163 Williams Dec. 3, 1929 1,764,094 Carrey June 17, 1930 1,959,775 Wilharm May 22, 1934 OTHER REFERENCES Metals and Alloys, 4th ed., published by the Louis Cassier Co., Ltd., London, 1941, pages 66 a d 08.
Claims (1)
1. A SELF-LUBRICATING METALLIC ALLOY, CONSISTING OF APPROXIMATELY 67 PER CENT BY WEIGHT OF COPPER, 16 PER CENT BY WEIGHT OF LEAD, 11 PER CENT BY WEIGHT OF TIN, 6 PER CENT BY WEIGHT OF GERMAN SILVER (20% NICKEL). 025 PER CENT BY WEIGHT EACH OF ANTIMONY AND A FLUX COMPOSED OF APPROXIMATELY PHORUS), AND A FLUX COMPOSED OF APPROXIMATELY 3 OUNCES OF BORAX, 2 OUNCES OF YELLOW SOAP, 1/4 OUNCES OF SULPHUR, AND 1 1/2 OUNCES OF A FATTY SUBSTANCE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67551A US2558523A (en) | 1948-12-27 | 1948-12-27 | Self-lubricating alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67551A US2558523A (en) | 1948-12-27 | 1948-12-27 | Self-lubricating alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2558523A true US2558523A (en) | 1951-06-26 |
Family
ID=22076757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67551A Expired - Lifetime US2558523A (en) | 1948-12-27 | 1948-12-27 | Self-lubricating alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2558523A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3461069A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1969-08-12 | Deventer Werke Gmbh | Self-lubricating bearing compositions |
| US4206268A (en) * | 1977-10-22 | 1980-06-03 | Glyco-Metall-Werke Daelen & Loos Gmbh | Plain bearing laminate having slide-layer alloy based on copper-lead-tin |
| US5665480A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1997-09-09 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Copper-lead alloy bearing |
| US20080267339A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2008-10-30 | Westinghouse Electric Sweden Ab | Spacer and a Fuel Unit for a Nuclear Plant |
| US8855261B2 (en) | 2004-01-15 | 2014-10-07 | Westinghouse Electric Sweden Ab | Spacer and a fuel unit for a nuclear plant |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1177407A (en) * | 1914-07-03 | 1916-03-28 | Gen Electric | Bearing material suitable for internal-combustion engines. |
| US1653088A (en) * | 1926-10-27 | 1927-12-20 | Percy A Hughes | Composition of matter |
| US1738163A (en) * | 1927-04-11 | 1929-12-03 | Gen Motors Res Corp | Bearing |
| US1764094A (en) * | 1925-10-26 | 1930-06-17 | Carrey Morse Engineering Compa | Composition for oilless bearings and process for producing same |
| US1959775A (en) * | 1930-04-23 | 1934-05-22 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Low friction composition |
-
1948
- 1948-12-27 US US67551A patent/US2558523A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1177407A (en) * | 1914-07-03 | 1916-03-28 | Gen Electric | Bearing material suitable for internal-combustion engines. |
| US1764094A (en) * | 1925-10-26 | 1930-06-17 | Carrey Morse Engineering Compa | Composition for oilless bearings and process for producing same |
| US1653088A (en) * | 1926-10-27 | 1927-12-20 | Percy A Hughes | Composition of matter |
| US1738163A (en) * | 1927-04-11 | 1929-12-03 | Gen Motors Res Corp | Bearing |
| US1959775A (en) * | 1930-04-23 | 1934-05-22 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Low friction composition |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3461069A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1969-08-12 | Deventer Werke Gmbh | Self-lubricating bearing compositions |
| US4206268A (en) * | 1977-10-22 | 1980-06-03 | Glyco-Metall-Werke Daelen & Loos Gmbh | Plain bearing laminate having slide-layer alloy based on copper-lead-tin |
| US5665480A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1997-09-09 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Copper-lead alloy bearing |
| US20080267339A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2008-10-30 | Westinghouse Electric Sweden Ab | Spacer and a Fuel Unit for a Nuclear Plant |
| US7804931B2 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2010-09-28 | Westinghouse Electric Sweden Ab | Spacer and a fuel unit for a nuclear plant |
| US8855261B2 (en) | 2004-01-15 | 2014-10-07 | Westinghouse Electric Sweden Ab | Spacer and a fuel unit for a nuclear plant |
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