US3461069A - Self-lubricating bearing compositions - Google Patents
Self-lubricating bearing compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3461069A US3461069A US649487A US3461069DA US3461069A US 3461069 A US3461069 A US 3461069A US 649487 A US649487 A US 649487A US 3461069D A US3461069D A US 3461069DA US 3461069 A US3461069 A US 3461069A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- phosphorus
- weight
- copper
- pressing
- cold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/20—Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/40—Shaping by deformation without removing material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/02—Mechanical treatment, e.g. finishing
- F16C2223/04—Mechanical treatment, e.g. finishing by sizing, by shaping to final size by small plastic deformation, e.g. by calibrating or coining
Definitions
- Our present invention relates to a method of producing ductile-metal bodies containing a solid lubricant by powder-metallurgy techniques, With copper and/ or nickel as the base metal which constitutes the major part of the mass.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method of making hearing or brake bodies with these properties.
- the invention resides, in large measure, in our discovery that phosphorus in the form of a phosphorus alloy or compound may be added to the powder mixture in a quantity such that the proportion of phosphorus contained in the end product amounts to at least 0.5% by weight to surprisingly yield a body of self-lubricating quality which has greater impact strength (in spite of earlier beliefs that the presence of phosphorus increases brittleness in castings) and improved ductility.
- the phosphorus is not only used for a different purpose, but also the amount used is considerably smaller than in the method of the invention.
- the amount used is considerably smaller than in the method of the invention.
- larger quantities have not hitherto been used.
- the method of the invention expressly involves the use of relatively large quantities of phosphorus (and the surprising results obtainable thereby) so that the amount of phosphorus contained in the end product is substantially higher than that found in conventional self-lubricating materials.
- the amount of phosphorus added to the base metal, according to the invention in the form of phosphorus alloys or compounds, is still somewhat greater than the amount remaining in the end product, in order to allow for volatilization and burn-up which occur during heat treatment, and for the deoxidation reaction.
- the method of the invention enables a material to be obtained which is substantially less brittle and more ductile than other, conventional selflubricating materials, while possessing a higher degree of elasticity and impact resistance. Its surface properties and strength also show substantial improvement over those of conventional materials.
- a favorable composition of phosphorus and particles of base metal may be achieved by submitting the material, or the compressed-powder mixture, to a heat treatment at a temperature between 700 and 850 C. and preferably between 750 and 780 C. until the mass is rendered coherent.
- the phosphorus is added in the form of a phosphorus-copper compound or alloy, such as phosphor copper, preferably with a phosphorus content of between 5 and 20% by weight.
- a phosphorus-copper compound or alloy such as phosphor copper
- the method of the invention enables materials to be produced with a high degree of ductility and impact resistance if the phosphorus compound or alloy is added in a quantity such that the amount of phosphorus contained in the end product is up to 2% by weight.
- the method of the invention may be effected in either an oxidizing or an oxygen-free atmosphere. In the former case, the percentage of burn-off loss will be higher and the reaction more spontaneous. In both cases the preliminary pressure, by means of which the mass is shaped to a desired configuration, has to be increased to about 5 mp./cm. Heat treatment is effected at a temperature of about 750 to 780 C.
- the heat treatment is carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere, to add to the base-metal powder (i.e., copper or nickel or mixtures thereof) about 6% by weight of the powdered phosphorus copper with a 15 (by weight) phosphorus content and, subsequently, to hot-press the material.
- the new method when the heat treatment is carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere, about 10% by weight of the powdered phosphorus copper with 15% phosphorus content is added to the primary metal powder.
- the invention provides for the preliminary and subsequent pressing of the material to be effected in the same die, thus considerably increasing the saving achieved by the new process.
- the heat treatment is followed by a cold-shaping and/ or coining process.
- the invention enables relatively large quantities of solid lubricant to be added to the mixture for the material to be produced, without thereby impairing its ductility and impact resistance.
- the invention thus provides for a finely powdered solid lubricant to be added to the powder mixture in a quantity of between 4 and 12% or in granulated form in a quantity of between 8 and 25% by weight.
- the invention also relates to materials thus produced by powder metallurgy; according to the invention, the material has the following composition: copper and/or nickel primary metal, a phosphorus content of about 0.5 to 2% by weight, and a solid lubricant, such as graphite, in a proportion of between 4 and 25% by weight.
- This material possesses a high degree of ductility and impact resistance while retaining excellent properties of selflubrication.
- a particularly important feature of this material of the invention resides in that the phosphorus combines with the primary metal on the surface of the primarymetal particles. The contact between the primary-metal particles is thus permanently established by the combination of the phosphorus with the primary metal.
- the material may also contain metals such as lead, tin, zinc, nickel, cobalt, manganese and/ or silver, in order to improve the physical properties of the material.
- metals such as lead, tin, zinc, nickel, cobalt, manganese and/ or silver, in order to improve the physical properties of the material.
- the lead content may be up to 20% by weight.
- Example I A powder mass was formed by combining 6% by weight of phosphorus copper (containing 15 by weight phosphorus) with copper particles (balance) of the type conveniently used in sintered-copper bearing materials and about 8% by weight of finely powdered graphite.
- the intimately mixed mass is cold-pressed at mp./cm. with a holding time of about 10 seconds. Thereafter, heat treatment was carried out for a period of 5 minutes in the normal furnace atmosphere of a mufile furnace fired by gas and containing oxygen.
- the heat-treatment temperature was 780 C. and a treatment period of 5 minutes was employed; it was found that the heat treatment could successfully be carried out at temperatures above 750 C. and most conveniently between 750 and 850 C., although the range of 750 to 780 C. was most desirable.
- the somewhat coherent body was hot-pressed at a pressure of 1.5 to 3 mp./cm. depending upon the ratio of cross-ectional area to diameter and considering losses due to die friction; the hot-pressing step was carried out over a period of about 10 seconds.
- the body was removed from the die and found to have a markedly greater ductility and impact resistance than a body produced with copper particles of the identical size and under the identical conditions but lacking an admixture of phosphorus copper.
- the impact strength and ductility was further increased by admixing up to 20% lead with the particles prior to the cold-pressing step, the ductility improving until the maximum lead content was reached.
- a separate die was required for the cold-pressing step in order to achieve the desired density since the filling height was considerable.
- an intermediate product could be produced by cold-pressing the composition described above in conventional cold-pressing dies and heating the precompressed mass in the furnace. The product may then be granulated and treated as indicated earlier.
- hot-pressing we preheat the hot-pressing die to a temperature of 300 C. to 400 C. so that the blanks contained in the heating cups of the die are treated in the desired temperature range until hot-pressing pressure is achieved. After the pressure has been maintained for the specified holding time, the pressure is reduced and the pressed body removed and cooled in ambient atmosphere. If temperatures above 150 C. are employed for the hot-pressing step, a subsequent annealing or normalizing step may be carried out with good results.
- Example II Three mixtures were prepared containing, respectively, copper, nickel and 50% /50% copper-nickel as the basemetal component and 10% by weight of powdered phosphorus copper (15% phosphorus content) and varying amounts of graphite between 4 and 25% by weight as indicated earlier, the graphite content within this range not affecting substantially the ductility and impact resistance.
- Each of the samples was subjected to coldpressing at a pressure of 5 mp./cm. for a period of 10 seconds and then to oxygen-free sintering as described below.
- the cold-pressed blanks were packed in hermetically sealed containers to which powdered graphite and charcoal had been placed to preclude decarburization.
- the heat treatment was carried out at a temperature of 750 C. in nonoxidizing atmosphere for at least 20 minutes. Thereafter, the containers were opened and heat-treated blanks were removed and cooled.
- the cold-pressing was carried out at 3 mp./cm. over a period of 10 seconds.
- Example III With compositions prepared as described in Examples I and II, thin-walled test blanks were prepared. In this case, a preliminary pressing and granulation was not carried out. The cold-pressing was effected at a pressure of 5 mp./cm. for the period indicated earlier and the heat treatment was effected at temperatures between 750 C. and 850 C. in a furnace atmosphere of hydrogen. Thereafter, cold-pressing was carried out at pressures up to 8 mp./cm. and followed by an annealing at temperatures up to 750 C. in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- the bodies had greater impact resistance and ductility than corresponding specimens made without the phosphorus copper.
- the agglomeration pressure should be lower than the cold-pressing pressure.
- the bodies are cooled in a protective atmosphere to a temperature below 200 C. and usually to room temperature before the second coldpressing.
- the same set of dies may be used for both pressing stages while graphite, in the range of 4 to 12% by weight, is effectively employed in the compositions.
- a hearing composition consisting of a uniformly coherent mass of particles of a base metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, and mixtures thereof, 0.5-2% by weight of phosphorus, and 4-25% by Weight of graphite.
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DED0050452 | 1966-07-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3461069A true US3461069A (en) | 1969-08-12 |
Family
ID=7052661
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US649487A Expired - Lifetime US3461069A (en) | 1966-07-01 | 1967-06-28 | Self-lubricating bearing compositions |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3461069A (en) |
AT (1) | AT282217B (en) |
DE (1) | DE1533222A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1530035A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1148011A (en) |
SE (1) | SE342056B (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3705450A (en) * | 1970-10-27 | 1972-12-12 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Bearing material |
US3795493A (en) * | 1970-06-06 | 1974-03-05 | Jurid Werke Gmbh | Bearing material for dry operation of the sintered bronze type |
US3893848A (en) * | 1970-09-03 | 1975-07-08 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Valve seat material for internal combustion engines and the similar material |
US4465515A (en) * | 1980-08-02 | 1984-08-14 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnsberg Aktiengesellschaft | Piston ring for internal combustion engine |
US4608085A (en) * | 1983-11-29 | 1986-08-26 | Alliages Frittes Metafram | Self-lubricating sintered bearing and process for the production thereof |
US4615854A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1986-10-07 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Method of making a PTFE based tape suitable for impregnation into a porous metal matrix |
US4732818A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1988-03-22 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Composite bearing material with polymer filled metal matrix interlayer of distinct metal particle sizes and method of making same |
US5041339A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1991-08-20 | Daido Metal Company | Multilayered sliding material of lead bronze containing graphite and method of manufacturing the same |
WO2003004711A1 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2003-01-16 | Federal-Mogul Sintered Products Limited | Sintered tin-containing cobalt-based and nickel-based alloys |
CN112658263A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-16 | 无锡科宇模具有限公司 | Preparation method of cold and hot fatigue resistant bearing |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4373970A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-02-15 | Pfizer Inc. | Copper base spinodal alloy strip and process for its preparation |
JPS59177341A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1984-10-08 | Daido Metal Kogyo Kk | Double-layered bearing material having layer of phosphor bronze containing graphite |
BRPI0803956B1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2018-11-21 | Whirlpool S.A. | metallurgical composition of particulate materials and process for obtaining self-lubricating sintered products |
TW201542337A (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2015-11-16 | Buss Ag | Self-lubricating composite material and method for the production thereof |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2097671A (en) * | 1933-12-23 | 1937-11-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a porous bearing material |
US2465051A (en) * | 1943-10-08 | 1949-03-22 | Gen Electric | Method of making electrical contact elements |
US2558523A (en) * | 1948-12-27 | 1951-06-26 | Paul E Luther | Self-lubricating alloy |
US3297571A (en) * | 1962-09-14 | 1967-01-10 | Ilikon Corp | Lubricant composition and articles and process of preparing and using the same |
-
1966
- 1966-07-01 DE DE19661533222 patent/DE1533222A1/en active Pending
- 1966-07-21 AT AT700666A patent/AT282217B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1967
- 1967-02-01 GB GB4973/67A patent/GB1148011A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-06-27 SE SE9229/67*A patent/SE342056B/xx unknown
- 1967-06-28 US US649487A patent/US3461069A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-06-30 FR FR112620A patent/FR1530035A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2097671A (en) * | 1933-12-23 | 1937-11-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a porous bearing material |
US2465051A (en) * | 1943-10-08 | 1949-03-22 | Gen Electric | Method of making electrical contact elements |
US2558523A (en) * | 1948-12-27 | 1951-06-26 | Paul E Luther | Self-lubricating alloy |
US3297571A (en) * | 1962-09-14 | 1967-01-10 | Ilikon Corp | Lubricant composition and articles and process of preparing and using the same |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3795493A (en) * | 1970-06-06 | 1974-03-05 | Jurid Werke Gmbh | Bearing material for dry operation of the sintered bronze type |
US3893848A (en) * | 1970-09-03 | 1975-07-08 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Valve seat material for internal combustion engines and the similar material |
US3705450A (en) * | 1970-10-27 | 1972-12-12 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Bearing material |
US4465515A (en) * | 1980-08-02 | 1984-08-14 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnsberg Aktiengesellschaft | Piston ring for internal combustion engine |
US4608085A (en) * | 1983-11-29 | 1986-08-26 | Alliages Frittes Metafram | Self-lubricating sintered bearing and process for the production thereof |
US4732818A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1988-03-22 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Composite bearing material with polymer filled metal matrix interlayer of distinct metal particle sizes and method of making same |
US4615854A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1986-10-07 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Method of making a PTFE based tape suitable for impregnation into a porous metal matrix |
US5041339A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1991-08-20 | Daido Metal Company | Multilayered sliding material of lead bronze containing graphite and method of manufacturing the same |
WO2003004711A1 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2003-01-16 | Federal-Mogul Sintered Products Limited | Sintered tin-containing cobalt-based and nickel-based alloys |
GB2392168A (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2004-02-25 | Federal Mogul Sintered Prod | Sintered tin-containing cobalt-based and nickel-based alloys |
US20040237712A1 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2004-12-02 | Whitaker Iain Robert | Sintered tin-containing cobalt-based and nickel-based alloys |
GB2392168B (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2004-12-22 | Federal Mogul Sintered Prod | Sintered material containing tin and cobalt-based alloy |
US6958084B2 (en) | 2001-07-03 | 2005-10-25 | Federal-Mogul Sintered Products Limited | Sintered cobalt-based alloys |
CN112658263A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-16 | 无锡科宇模具有限公司 | Preparation method of cold and hot fatigue resistant bearing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1530035A (en) | 1968-06-21 |
AT282217B (en) | 1970-06-25 |
SE342056B (en) | 1972-01-24 |
DE1533222A1 (en) | 1970-06-18 |
GB1148011A (en) | 1969-04-10 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DEVENTER-WERKE KOMMANDITGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DEVENTER-WERKE GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG;REEL/FRAME:003841/0956 Effective date: 19710921 Owner name: AEX-ASSOCIATED EBNGINEERING ZUG, AG. , C/O PETERHA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GLACIER GMBH-DEVA WERKE;REEL/FRAME:003851/0622 Effective date: 19780530 Owner name: GLACIER GMBH -DEVA WERKE, STADT ALLENDORF, DIST. O Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DEVENTER WERKE KG.;REEL/FRAME:003851/0621 Effective date: 19750106 Owner name: DEVENTER-WERKE KOMMANDITGESELLSCHAFT Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DEVENTER-WERKE GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG;REEL/FRAME:003841/0956 Effective date: 19710921 |