US2555803A - Spray nozzle - Google Patents

Description

June 5, 1951 w. H. MAsHlN-rER TAL SPRAY NOZZLE Filed Sept. 21, 1945 Patented June 5, 1951 SPRAY N OZZLE William H. Mashinter an Chicago, Ill. Mashinter d Morton It. Gilbert,

said Gilbert assigner to said Application September 21, 1945, Serial No. 617,752

11 Claims. 1

This invention pertains to spray nozzles, and more particularly to valve constructions adapted to be used to control the passage of fluid of any composition, such as water, lubricating oils, abrasive liquids such as gasoline, various chemicals such as carbon dioxide and the like.

An object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve wherein there are no slidably engageable moving parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve wherein there is no side spray thrust.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve wherein manufacturing tolerances are large but valve action is positive.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve which functions equally well .regardless of the mating parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve permitting a large variety or" selected spray shapes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve permitting passage of large particles of material.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve which sprays substantially any uids' or semi-duide with equal facility and with high pressures.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve wherein there are relatively few moving parts, said nozzle being relatively cheap, easily assembled and is useful, eflicient and effective in diierent sizes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle which may be designed for many uses, such as for ieul injection, air conditioning, spray drying of foods, paint sprays, homogenizing processes, slurry pumping, refrigeration and the like.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a discharge valve which is self-cleaning.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle Iwhich opens uniformly, i. e., unseats uniformly to permit a spray to be ejected having a uniform configuration.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle having a tension spring urging the valve to closed position whereby there is no tendency [or the spring to induce or transmit a mechanical force to the valve which would tend to cause the valve to disrupt the hydraulic force of the uuid discharged through the nozzle.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle wherein no guide action of the valve is necessary so that the nozzle or orifice entrance may be properly streamlined whereby proper atomization is attained on the discharge side of the valve.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle which can be made of small diameter, yet the stem may be elongated, with no guide action, to permit operation through an eX- tended distance, as no buckling stresses are imparted to the valve stem- Another object of the invention is to provide a spray nozzle which can be constructed so that it can be angularly applied without sacrice to the efficiency of the nozzle.

With these and various other objects in View, the invention may consist of certain novel features of construction and operation as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings which illustrate embodiments of the device and wherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through one form of spray nozzle embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional plan View taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 2 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional elevation through a modied form of spray nozzle embodying the invention;

Figure 4 is a sectional plan view taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of another modified form of spray nozzle embodying the invention;

Figure 6 is a sectional plan View taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 6 5 of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of nozzle or closure member embodying the invention; and

Figure 8 is a sectional elevation of another modified form of nozzle or closure member embodying the invention, showing the end portion of valve member therefor.

Referring rst of all, more particularly, to the spray nozzle shown in Figures 1 and 2, said nozzle consists essentially of a body portion 5E! provided with a bore I2, the bore adjacent one end thereof being provided with a shoulder Ill. The body is threaded as at l5 for reception of corresponding threads of the head nut 81, the

nut being provided with an internal shoulder 26 seating on suitable packing 22 provided between the'shoulder 26 and the shoulder 24 provided on one end of the body member i0.

The nut is internally threaded as at 26 for the reception of a suitable supply tube or pipe adapted to be connected to a suitable source of supply, the material to be sprayed entering in the direction as shown. The land or recess 2B is provided for the reception of a suitable gasket. The head is provided with suitable shoulders 36 for the reception of a suitable tool for assembly, and is provided with a shoulderV 32 adapted to overlie and engage the spider 34 of the upper spring coupling member 36, the spider being apertured as at 38 for permitting the passage of fluid therethrough. The spider is adapted to seat on suitable rings or shims 40 seated on seat I4, the number of shims being determined by the desired positioning of the coupling member 36 forrspring adjustment.

The spider is provided with the coupling stem 42 terminating in a spherical coupling or seat member 44 adapted to be received within the upper spring seat or retainer 46. The spring retainer 46 is provided with the shoulder 48 to which one end of the tension spring is suitably secured as Vby welding. The lower end of the tension spring 56 is welded or otherwise secured to the shoulder 52 of the lower spring seat or retainer 54. The spring retainer 54 is provided with the enlarged bore 56 terminating in the seat 58 receiving the spherical portion or seat 66 of the valve 62.

The seat 58 terminates in the passage E4 which is of smaller diameter than the diameter of the spherical portion 66 and in order to assemble the valve 62 in position in the retainer, the spring retainer is drilled as at 66, the diameter of the drill hole being slightly greater than the diameter of the spherical end 60, and the hole 66 is connected to the passage 64 as by passage 68'of slightly greater width than the transverse diameter of the valve stem of the valve 62. The valve stem 10 terminates in a spherical valve end 12 adapted to seat on the correspondingly shaped seat 14 of the nozzle or closure member 16, lthe seat communicating with bore I2 by passage 18 having a diameter greater than the diameter of the valve stem 'i6 whereby substantially no guide action is obtained from the walls of passage 18.

, The nozzle 16 is provided with the flange 86 adapted to be engaged by the retaining flange 82 of the nozzle body retaining nut 84, said nut being ,providedA with a threaded portion V86 adapted to have cooperativerengagement with corresponding threads of the body Ill.V A suitable gasket 88 is interposed between the flange 86 and the end of theA .body I2 for making a fluid tight connection. Y

Referring now to theV construction illustrated in Figure V3,the body 96 is provided with the bore 92 and is provided with the upper external threads94 for the reception of suitable threads of supply means, such as a supply tube internally threaded, or the unit injector such as shown in application Serial No. 537,793, now Patent No. 2,530,128,dated November 14, 1950, a gasket 96 beingY provided to insure a tight joint. The body is also internally threaded as at S8 if it is to be secured to the external threads of a suitable supply tube, a gasket |66 being provided to insure a tight joint. The direction of ow of material (fluid) to be atomized is shown by the. arrow..

Vment purposes.

the depending stem |16 terminating in a spheri-V 44 The body member is also internally threaded as at |02 for the reception of corresponding threads of a spring coupling member including the spider |64, adjustment of the spider being through a suitable tool slot |66, the spider being provided with suitable passages |68.

A retaining nut I I6 is provided for locking the spider in place, the nut being provided with passages II2 adapted to be aligned with the `pas-- sages |66,` the passages ||2 being connected by an annular passage i I4 for insuring communication between-the passages ||2 and |68, a tool slot II6 being provided in the locking nut for adjustment thereof. The spider is provided with the coupling stein I6 terminating in the spherical coupling member |26 received in therspringV seat or retainer member |22. The spring retainer member |22 is provided with a spiral passage |24 for the reception of one end of the spiral spring |26, thepitch of the passage |24 being such as to spread the convolutions of the spring |26, and the spring may be otherwise secured to the seat member as by welding. Y Y

The lower convolutions of the spring |26 are received ina passage |26 and is similar to passage |24 of the lower spring seat or retainer mern ber |30 to spread the convolutions of the spring, and the spring may be otherwise secured to said retaining member |36 as by welding. The lower end of the `spring retainer member is provided with the inwardly directing ilange |32 adapted to support the substantially C-shaped valve seat member |34, said member being provided with |46 for permitting readyVassemb-ly thereohthe passage terminating in a valve seat |42 of complementary shape to the spherical valve end |44 The lower end of the valve stem is provided with the spherical valve end 46, being adapted to seat on the conical seat |48 of the nozzle or closure member |56 whereby the valve end |46 seats on substantially a line. It is understood, of course, that the valve seat |43 may be of the same shape as valve seat 14.

As before the nozzle is provided with the passage |52 -of substantially greater diameter than the diameter of valve stem E36 whereby no substantial guide action is obtained between the walls of the passage |52 and the valve stem |38.

The nozzle is provided with the external'fi'angc v|54 adapted to be engaged by the inwardly di# insuring a fluid tightrconnection between the nozzle, nut and body.

In the construction illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the body |64 is threaded as at |66 for the reception of corresponding threads on the cap Y |66.V The cap is adapted to engage and position the upper coupling retaining disk |16 of the spring couplingrmember |12. Suitable shims |14 are interposed between the retaining disk |10 and recess |16 of the body member for adjust'- The coupling is provided with ilange |84 to which one end of the tension spring |86 is seated, being Ypreferably secured thereto as Yby wellzllis` 'lheloWSl convolutions ofthe :Spring 1.86 are adapted to be received suitable spiral recess I .provided in the lov/,er `spring .seat or retainer .member lili). As before, the recess is .S arranged as to .substantially .spread the convolutions received therein, andsaid spring .may be otherwise 4secured to the spring seat member .as by .welding- The spring seat member `lil is provided with a pair Aof valve retaining oollets |92 `(Figure `6) proyiding a Valve end sea-t ld for .the spherical valve end |95. The slopes .of the seat |913 and the engaging surface between the seat and the member its are `the same, whereby the collets may be readily `assembled with .the valve and member |88, the valve seats being retained in .proper position. Thus the .collets form a selis` aligning .Valve seat.

The valve stem |93 terminates in a substantially conical valve 235i which is shown seated on a correspondingly conical seat Zlz of the nozzle or `closure `member The nozzle 2st is pro- .Vded with an outwardly extending flange 2195 received by the inwardly directed `flange 2&3 of the nozzle retaining nut 2|@ which is threaded as at 2|2 for the reception oi corresponding threads `of the body lglil. A suitable gasket Elf: is disposed between the lower end of the body |654 and iiange 265 for insuring a fluid tight connection beu/'een the body, nut and nozzle, and the body is provided ,with a suitably threaded boss 2|6 for suitable .connection to a source of supply. The direction of fluid to be atomized is shown by the arrow.

The boss is shouldered as at 2lb for the recaption of a casket for insuring a iight `001inection with the Supply tube or and the boss communicates through passage 223 with the bore of the body member 16d.

While it is ,geen that the valve ends or" Figures l and 3 are substantially the same, while the valve end .of the modication illustrated in Figure is different, and the shape of the valve seats of the nozzles vary, it is under-stood that. these may be interchangeable in the various fleuret.

`In operation it Will be seen that the springs 5U, |25 and |35 are .always in tension whereby the valves are always self-aligning, they open uniformly with respect to the nozzle seats therefor, and no guide action of the valve stems :is necessary. Fluid introduced to the bore of the body portions either in a pulsating manner or a steady cause intermittent operation of the. valve, or steady operation of the Valve, relief of pressure permitting the tension spring to accurately and positively seat the discharge valve member Without any other guide action being necessary. l

In the construction illustrated in Figures l and 2 the fluid will be discharged in a substantially conical manner as illustrated at 222, the spray then assuming a reverse, substantially conical shape as illustrated at 224.

In the construction illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 the spray, assumes a substantially conical shape 226 for a distance, and then additionally spreads out as at -228.

In the construction illustrated in Figure 5 the spray assumes a substantially Wide, constant conical shape as illustrated at 239.

Thus the nozzle and valves would be chosen in accordance With the shape of the spray desiredl and this would depend largely upon the use to which the nozzle Was to be put.

As indicated before. the nozzle is susceptible of ,a great number of uses, such .as fuel iii-nochtan-r air conditioning, rrefrigerating, spray drying of' loods, as for quick freezing dehydrated juicesr paint spraying, homogenizng process, slurry pumping and the like.

This .form .of nozzle is also susceptible of use where a semi-solid (or slurry) is to be pumped. It is readily so adapted due to the fact that large clearances may be maintained between the valve stem, discharge valve and the discharge passage of the nozzle, and the valve is self-cleaning, tending to remove any `particles which have a tendenoy to stick to the discharge valve seat.

In Figure '7 there is shown a modied form of nozzle or closure member 222, wherein the body portion 224 is provided with the securing ange 225 and the axial bore 228, having a'diameter D, the outer end oi the nozzle is provided with the valve seat 235i which may be similar to seats "M, |48 or 202, and has the diameter at the end of the nozzle or at the orifice represented by d. A cylindrical land 232 is provided, the depth of the land from the end. of the nozzle being given as H. This depth l-I is determined depending upon .the spray angle desired i. e., as H increases the spray angle decreases. The cylindrical land permits maintaining a controlled seat width while varying D and d. Another factor also enters into the spray angle, i. e., the stiier the valve spring (as 5E in Figure l) the Wider the spray angle.

The ratio of D to d has a definite effect on 1. The ability of the valve to chatter.

2,. The spray angle.

3. The distance from the orirlce of the occurrence of the maximum spray width.

The tendency to chatter has been found to increase with the approach of the ratio oi D to d to the value of onej and as the ratio approaches one the valve squeaks The nearer the ratio approaches one the narrower the spray angle becomes and the farther the occurrence of the maximum spray width from the orifice.

In the nozzle or closure member illustrated in Figure 8 the body portion 234 is provided vvith the securing flange 236 and has an axial bore 238. Frequently it is diicult to place an injlector in the head or Wall of an engine and. still obtain a proper spray of fluid. rihe end 260 of the nozzle member shown in Figure 8 is thus disposed at the desired angle and the ball seat 242 of the valve member 24s of valve 246 is disposed belou7 the cylindrical land 268. Thus a spray as shown at 25|] is provided of similar configuration to that shown in Figure 3 but so ejected that the center line 252 of the spray is angularly disposed to the center line 25d or the valve 2%, the stem 256 of the valve extending through bore 238 and being similar to valve |40. Of course other shapes of sprays may be obtained as in Figure 1.

t is to be understood that While the parts have been described in certain positions, the nozzles operate equally wel] in any position and it is understood that this application is not to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shown, which are merely by way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the clevice Will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art Without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

We claim:

l. A valve assembly comprising a body member having a spring seat therein, means for Supporting said seat in said body member, a connection between said seat and body member, a second spring seat spaced from said first named spring seat, a tension spring secured to said seats, said body member being provided with a closure member, said closure member having a passage terminating in an outer valve seat, and a valve seated on said seat and having a stem extending through said passage, the cross sectional area of said stem being less than that oi said passage whereby said stem is unguided, a connection between said stem and said second spring seat, said valve opening against the tension of said spring, one of said connections of one of said spring seats being a substantially universal connection permitting relative movement of said last named spring seat in a plurality of directions with respect to said body member.

2. A nozzle assembly comprising a body member having a spring seat therein, means for supporting said seat in said body member, a second spring seat spaced from said first named spring seat, a tension springsecured to said seats and urging said seats toward each other, a nozzle'secured to said body member, said nozzle having a passage terminating in an outer valve seat, and a valve seated on said outer valve seat and having a stem extending through said passage and connected for substantial universal movement to said second spring seat, said valve stem being of sub- Y stantially less diameter than the diameter of said passage, said valve opening against the tension of said spring.

3. A nozzle assembly comprising a body member having a closure at one end, closure being provided with a passage adapted to be connected to a source of supply, a spider secured between said body member and closure and having a coupling stem thereon terminating in a substantially spherical coupling member, a spring seat having a substantially spherical coupling portion engaging said coupling member, a second spring seat spaced from said rst named spring seat having a spherical coupling portion, a tension spring secured to said seats and urging said seats toward each other, replaceable shims between said spider and body member for regulating the tension of said spring, a nozzle member secured to said lbody portion and having a substantially spherical outer valve seat, a passage from said valve seat through said nozzle member, and a valve member having a substantially spherical valve end seated on said seat, a stem Y substantially spherical coupling member engageable with the coupling portion of said second seat whereby said valve end is urged toward closed position by said spring and opens against the tensionV of said spring and is connected to said second named seat for substantially universal movement with respect thereto. v

4. A nozzle assembly comprising abody member having a closure at one end, said closure being provided with a passage adapted to be connected to a source of supply, a spider secured between said body member and closure and having a coupling stem thereon terminating in a coupling 'memben a spring seat having a pivotal connection with said coupling member, a second spring seat spaced from the first named spring seat,V a tension spring secured to said seats urging said seats toward each other, a nozzle member secured to said body portion and having an outer -valve seat, a passage from said valve seat through said nozzle member, and a valve member having a valve end seated on said seat, a

stem extending from said Valve end through said passage Vand being of substantially less cross section than that of the passage, said stem being connected to said second spring seat through means providing a substantially universal connection therebetween whereby said valve end is urged toward closed position by said spring and opens against the tension of said spring. y

5. A nozzle assembly comprising a body member having a closure at one end, saidI closure being provided with a passage adapted to be connected to asource of supply, a spider secured between said body member and closure and having a coupling stem thereon terminating in a substantially spherical coupling member, a spring seat having a substantially spherical coupling portion engaging said coupling member, a second spring seat spaced from said first named spring seat having a spherical coupling portion, a tension spring secured to said seats and urging said seats toward each other, replaceable shims between said spider and body member for regulating the tension of said spring, a nozzle member secured to said body portion and having a substantially spherical outer valve seat, a passage from said valve seat through said nozzle member, and a valve member having a substantially spherical valve end seated on said seat, a stem extending from said valve end through said passage and being of substantially less cross section than that of the passage, said stem having a substantially spherical coupling member engageable with the coupling portion of said second seat whereby said valve end is urged toward closed position by said spring and opens against the tension of said spring and is connected to said second named seat for substantially universal movement with respect thereto, said second valve seat having an opening adjacent the coupling portion connected by a passage, the opening being of substantially greater cross section than the diameter of the valve coupling member, the cross section of said last named passage being less than the diameter of the valve coupling member but greater than the cross section of the stem whereby the valve can be assembled with said second seat.

6. A nozzle assembly comprising a body member having one end provided with means for connecting said nozzle to a source of supply, a spider disposed in said end, a nut for securing said spider in place and having passages therethrough corresponding to the passages through said spider, said nut having a passage connecting said nut passages and communicating with the spider passages, said spider having a coupling stem thereon terminating in a substantially sphericalv coupling membenra spring seat having a substantially spherical coupling portion engaging said coupling member, a second spring seat spaced `from said first named spring seat having a spherical Vcoupling portion, Ya tension spring secured'to said seats and urging said seats to- 9 against the tension of said spring and is connected to said second named seat for substantially universal movement with respect thereto.

7. A nozzle assembly comprising a body member having one end provided with means for connecting said nozzle to a source of supply, a spider disposed in said end, a nut for securing said spider in place and having passages therethrough corresponding to the passages through said spider, said nut having a passage connecting said nut passages and communicating with the spider passages, said spider having a coupling stem thereon terminating in a substantially spherical coupling member, a spring seat having a substantially spherical coupling portion engaging said coupling member, a second spring seat spaced from said rst named spring seat having a spherical coupling portion, a tension spring secured to said seats and urging said seats toward each other, a nozzle member secured to said body portion and having a substantially conical outer valve seat, a passage from said valve seat through said nozzle member, and a valve member having a substantially spherical valve end seated on said seat, a stem extending from said valve end through said passage and being of substantially less cross section than that of the passage, said stem having asubstantially spherical coupling member engageable with the coupling portion of said second seat whereby said valve end is urged toward closed position by said spring and opens against the tension of said spring and is connected to said second named seat for substantially universal movement with respect thereto, said coupling portion of said second named seat including a substantially C-shaped seat, the passage being of greater width than the cross section of said stem but less than the diameter of the valve coupling member. p

8. A nozzle assembly comprising a body member having an opening for attachment to a source of supply and having a closure at one end, a coupling retaining disk disposed between said closure and body member, said disk having a coupling stem terminating in a substantially spherical coupling member, a spring seat having a substantially spherical coupling portion engaging said coupling member, a second spring seat spaced from the nrst spring seat having a coupling portion including spaced collets, a tension spring secured to said seats and urging said seats toward each other, replaceable shims between said disk and body member for regulating the tension of said spring, a nozzle member having a substantially conical outer valve seat, a passage from said valve seat through said nozzle member, and a valve member having a substantially conical valve end seated on said seat, a stem extend.- ing from said valve end through said passage and being of substantially less cross section than that of the passage, said stem having a substantially spherical coupling member engageable with the coupling portion of said second seat whereby said valve end is urged toward closed position by said spring and opens against the tension of said spring.

9. A valve assembly comprising a body member having a spring coupling member therein and a valve seat spaced from said spring coupling member, said body member having a passage, said spring coupling member comprising a stem having a substantially spherical coupling end, a valve member adapted to move between open and closed positions on said seat, said valve member having a stem extending through said passage and having less cross-sectional area than that of said passage and circumferentially spaced from the walls thereof, said valve stem extending toward said iirst named stem and having a substantially spherical coupling end, a tension spring, and connecting means between the opposite ends of said spring and the respective stems, said connecting means including a connection substantially freely embracing each of said spherical ends for permitting rotation between said stems and spring axially thereof, the axes of said stems and spring normally being substantially coaxial, said valve member opening against spring tension.

10. A valve assembly comprising a body member having a spring coupling member therein having a stem and a valve seat spaced from said spring coupling member, a valve member adapted to move between open and closed positions on said seat, said body member having a passage, Said valve member having a stem extending through said passage and having less cross-sectional area than that of said passage and circumferentially spaced from the walls thereof, said valve stem extending toward said stem of said spring coupling member, a tension spring, and connecting means between the opposite ends of said spring and said stem of said coupling member and said other stem respectively, there being a universal connection between said stems and connecting means whereby free rotation is obtained between said valve member and spring axially thereof, the axes of said stems and spring normally being substantially coaxial, said valve member opening against spring tension.

ll. A valve assembly comprising a body member having a spring coupling member therein and a valve seat spaced from said spring coupling member, a valve adapted to move between open and closed positions on said seat, said body member having a passage, said Valve having a stem member extending toward said spring coupling member, the cross sectional area of said stem member being substantially less than that of said passage and circumferentially spaced from the wall thereof, a tension spring, and connecting means between theopposite ends of `said WILLIAM H. MASHINTER. MOR'ION R. GILBERT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 920,145 Hughes May 4, 1909 1,862,459 Baur June 7, 1932 1,863,075 Terry June 14, 1932 1,893,457 Tartrais Jan. 3, 1933 2,125,445 Holveck Aug. 2, 1938 2,322,139 Kaelin June 15, 1943 2,342,757 Roser Feb. 29, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 20,582 Great Britain Sept. 8, 1909 452,224 Great Britain Aug. 19, 1936`

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