US2553498A - First developer for multilayer color film of the reversal type - Google Patents

First developer for multilayer color film of the reversal type Download PDF

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Publication number
US2553498A
US2553498A US786811A US78681147A US2553498A US 2553498 A US2553498 A US 2553498A US 786811 A US786811 A US 786811A US 78681147 A US78681147 A US 78681147A US 2553498 A US2553498 A US 2553498A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
developing
developer
silver
film
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US786811A
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English (en)
Inventor
Herman H Duerr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAF Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE484696D priority Critical patent/BE484696A/xx
Application filed by General Aniline and Film Corp filed Critical General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority to US786811A priority patent/US2553498A/en
Priority to GB19551/48A priority patent/GB640136A/en
Priority to DEP29332A priority patent/DE968447C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2553498A publication Critical patent/US2553498A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • G03C7/407—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C7/413—Developers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/305—Additives other than developers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photographic developers and particularly to an improved firstde- Veloper for multi-layer color film of the reversal type.
  • silver-halide grains are reduced to metallic silver.
  • the developing agents heretofore employed contain, in addition to the organic reducing agent such as hydroquinone or p-monomethylaminophenol, a small quantity of potassium bromide and sodium thiocyanate.
  • the potassium bromide lowers the degree of ionization of silver bromide and by reducing the concentration of silver cations restrains development, whereas the sodium thiocyanate dissolves the residual silverhalide, which otherwise would prevent the clearing out of the highlight portions of the image.
  • Another object is to provide an improved first developer for reversal multi-layer color film which restrai-ns the development of the yellow top layer and produces-a greater density in such layer.
  • the iodide ion is absorbed on the silver bromide crystal, in some cases ac-' tually replacing the bromideion inthe-latti'ce of the silver-h-alide.-
  • the absorbed iodide ion greatly reduces the solubility of the silver ha-lide crystal in the silver solventsuch as sodium thiccyanate, etc.
  • Photographic multi-layer color materials which may be developed with the first developer in ac-- cordance with the present invention, include all color reversible film.
  • Such-color reversible film consists of an integral tripack emulsion coated on the usual clear cellulose acetate or nitrate filmbase.
  • Each of the emulsions is sensitized toone of the primary colors, namely, blue, green, and red.
  • the top layer is blue sensitive;
  • the filter layer yellow in color and blue absorbing, lies A 4" x multi-layer color film sheet of the reversal type, such as prepared according to United States Patents 2,179,228; 2,179,239; 2,186,- 849 and 2,220,187, was exposed and developed for minutes at 68 F. in a developer of the following composition:
  • the developed film was short stopped for 3 minutes in a 3% aqueous solution of acetic acid, and washed for 2 minutes in running water.
  • the washed film was given a second exposure for 3 minutes to light of a N0. 1 photofiood lamp 30 inches away from the film.
  • the reexposed film was color developed for minutes in a developer of the following composition:
  • the color developed film was rinsed for 1 minute in running water, and hardened for 5 minutes in a 3% aqueous solution of chrome alum.
  • the hardened film was washed for 5 minutes in running water, and bleached for 10 minutes in a bath of the following composition:
  • the bleached film was then washed in running water for 5 minutes, fixed in a solution of hypo for 5 minutes, Washed for another 5 minutes in running water and then dried.
  • the resulting transparency was of superior quality and showed a greater density in the top yellow layer with a pleasing color balance in all layers.
  • ethylenediamine or its salts such as the sulfate, chloride, tc. and ammonium chloride may be employed in a concentration ranging from 1 to 8 grams per liter of developer.
  • any reducing agent which is normally employed in black and white developers may be used, provided it does 4 not color or stain the mutilayer film as pyrogallol does.
  • the improvement comprising using as the first developing bath an aqueous developing solution comprising a developing agent for silver-halide, potassium bromide, a silver solvent, and potassium iodide in an amount ranging from 2 to 12 mgs. per liter of developer.
  • the silver solvent is a member selected from the class consisting of sodium thiocyanate, ammonium chloride, and ethylenediamine and its salts.
  • the improvement comprising using as the first developing bath an aqueous developing solution comprising a developing agent for silver-halide, potassium bromide, sodium thiocyanate, and potassium iodide in an amount ranging from 2 to 12 mgs. per liter of developer.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US786811A 1947-11-18 1947-11-18 First developer for multilayer color film of the reversal type Expired - Lifetime US2553498A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE484696D BE484696A (en)) 1947-11-18
US786811A US2553498A (en) 1947-11-18 1947-11-18 First developer for multilayer color film of the reversal type
GB19551/48A GB640136A (en) 1947-11-18 1948-07-21 Improved first developer for multi-layer color film of the reserval type
DEP29332A DE968447C (de) 1947-11-18 1949-01-01 Verfahren zur gleichmaessigen Entwicklung von belichteten, mehrschichtigen Farbumkehrfilmen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US786811A US2553498A (en) 1947-11-18 1947-11-18 First developer for multilayer color film of the reversal type

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2553498A true US2553498A (en) 1951-05-15

Family

ID=25139652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US786811A Expired - Lifetime US2553498A (en) 1947-11-18 1947-11-18 First developer for multilayer color film of the reversal type

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2553498A (en))
BE (1) BE484696A (en))
DE (1) DE968447C (en))
GB (1) GB640136A (en))

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657138A (en) * 1950-01-03 1953-10-27 Leonard A Robbins Photographic film developing composition containing beta, beta'-di-chloroethyl ether
US2725290A (en) * 1951-11-14 1955-11-29 Eastman Kodak Co Development of multi-layer color films with developers containing mercapto azoles
EP0542354A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-05-19 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Method of developing x-ray materials

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US838488A (en) * 1904-09-06 1906-12-11 Fred Alson Bryant Photographic developer.
US1482613A (en) * 1919-10-02 1924-02-05 Daylight Film Corp Potassium iodide composition of matter for photographic processes
US1954337A (en) * 1932-10-01 1934-04-10 Eastman Kodak Co Superficial coating for photographic elements
GB470855A (en) * 1936-01-23 1937-08-23 Douglas Arthur Spencer Improvements in or relating to colour photography
US2091713A (en) * 1935-02-27 1937-08-31 Eastman Kodak Co Developer
US2136968A (en) * 1936-10-26 1938-11-15 Carus Chemical Company Inc Photographic developer
US2159600A (en) * 1936-02-06 1939-05-23 Veracol Film Syndicate Ltd Production of composite photographic images
US2191037A (en) * 1938-11-12 1940-02-20 Eastman Kodak Co Color forming developer containing amines
US2371740A (en) * 1942-03-20 1945-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Developers containing silver halide solvents
US2388816A (en) * 1942-06-25 1945-11-13 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic developer

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE412165A (en)) * 1934-06-15
US2159601A (en) * 1936-12-12 1939-05-23 Servel Inc Refrigerator shelf

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US838488A (en) * 1904-09-06 1906-12-11 Fred Alson Bryant Photographic developer.
US1482613A (en) * 1919-10-02 1924-02-05 Daylight Film Corp Potassium iodide composition of matter for photographic processes
US1954337A (en) * 1932-10-01 1934-04-10 Eastman Kodak Co Superficial coating for photographic elements
US2091713A (en) * 1935-02-27 1937-08-31 Eastman Kodak Co Developer
GB470855A (en) * 1936-01-23 1937-08-23 Douglas Arthur Spencer Improvements in or relating to colour photography
US2159600A (en) * 1936-02-06 1939-05-23 Veracol Film Syndicate Ltd Production of composite photographic images
US2136968A (en) * 1936-10-26 1938-11-15 Carus Chemical Company Inc Photographic developer
US2191037A (en) * 1938-11-12 1940-02-20 Eastman Kodak Co Color forming developer containing amines
US2371740A (en) * 1942-03-20 1945-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Developers containing silver halide solvents
US2388816A (en) * 1942-06-25 1945-11-13 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic developer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657138A (en) * 1950-01-03 1953-10-27 Leonard A Robbins Photographic film developing composition containing beta, beta'-di-chloroethyl ether
US2725290A (en) * 1951-11-14 1955-11-29 Eastman Kodak Co Development of multi-layer color films with developers containing mercapto azoles
EP0542354A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-05-19 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Method of developing x-ray materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE484696A (en))
GB640136A (en) 1950-07-12
DE968447C (de) 1958-02-20

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