US2552703A - Double-action duplex pump - Google Patents

Description

May 15, 1951 Filed Aug. :51, 194e S.D.ALONSG DOUBLE-Acum@ DUPLEX PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May l5, 1951 s. D. ALoNso '2,552,703

DOUBLE-ACTION DUPLEX PUMP Filed Aug. 31, 1948 '2 sheets-sheet 2 7@ f a@ 7? J 7 /03 IN VEN TOR.

Patented May 15, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application August 31, 1948, Serial No. 46,957 In XCuba September 13, 1947 (Cl. 10B-177) 4 Claims.

This invention relates to reciprocating pumps, and particularly to double-action duplex pumps having two cylinders which are each connected with end chambers and intermediate intake and discharge chambers connecting with the latter through groups of valves.

'I'he main object of my invention is to provide a double-action duplex pump which is smooth running and highly eiicient in operation by virtue of the balanced and compact arrangement of the parts of the apparatus.

Another object is to provide pump apparatus with a pair of cylinder chambers mounted upon a common supporting frame with each cylinder chamber communicating at the ends thereof with separate end chambers alternately forming auxiliary intake and discharge chambers, while duplex operating mechanism serves to reciprocate the pistons in the cylinder chambers and surmounts the supporting frame.

Another object is to mount a main intake chamber and a main discharge chamber as an intermediate unit between the end chambers associated with each cylinder chamber and to provide one of the two main chambers with an intake pipe and with intake valves communicating with both end chambers and the other main chamber with a discharge pipe and with outlet valves communicating with both of the same end chambers.

` It is a further object to provide such a doubleaction duplex pump in particularly compact form byn disposing the operating parts yin a vertical arrangement and thereby saving floor space and avoiding wear and tear on any side portions due to the effect of the force of gravity which would be the case if the parts operated in horizontal direction.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear in further detail as the specification proceeds.

In order to facilitate ready comprehension of this invention for a proper appreciation of the salient features thereof, the invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a double-action duplex pump made according to the invention and embodying the same in a practical form;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 in Figure l, showing the main portions of an elongated rack-and-guide frame with a pinion engaging with the rack;

, Figure 3 is a vertical central section of the oblong rack-and-guide frame of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of one of the vertically-slidable crossheads surmounting the piston rods of the apparatus;

Figure 5 is another elevation of the same crosshead as seen from the right in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary elevation as seen from the left in Figure l, with the upper left crosshead and the oblong rack-and-guide frame removed to illustrate the mounting of two of the operating shafts and their gearing;

Figure '7 is a transverse section on an enlarged scale of one of the cylinder assemblies of Figure l, but as particularly indicated on line l-- in Figure 8;

Figure 8 is an enlarged vertical section of the same cylinder assembly taken on line 8--8 in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is an enlarged elevation of one of the intake or discharge valves shown in plan view in Figure 7 and on a reduced scale in Figure 8 in front elevation;

Figure 10 is a bottom plan View of the valve of Figure 9.

Throughout the views, the same reference numerals indicate the same or like parts.

Ordinary reciprocating pumps are, of course, Well known with their drawbacks of more or less fitful delivery of the uid pumped due to the use of but one cylinder in many cases, and also their ungainly structure with long operating parts which waste space and power. Upon considering this situation, and particularly the desirability of having an efficient pump which' is reasonably compact in structure and which also has a smooth, efcient delivery of fluid, it has occurred to me that lprimarily each cylinder should be connected to end chambers which in turn are connected to intake and discharge chambers located intermediate said end chambers, all these chambers, together with the cylinders, forming a cylinder assembly, and then using two such cylinder assemblies operating alternatively and provided with appropriate operating means so that a new high in efficiency in pumps would be attained.

As a result, I have succeeded in evolving a vertically-arranged, double-action duplex pump which generally avoids the drawbacks of conventional pumps and fulfills the foregoing objects in a satisfactory manner, as will now be particularly explained in the following:

Hence, in the practice of my invention, and referring again to the drawings, the supporting frame, generally indicated at l, primarily includes a horizontal supporting plate i2, upright Zi pedestal supports I3, I4 having the stabilizing feet l5, I5 which may be secured to the floor or foundation lI by means of screws or bolts, if desired, while on the other hand, the supporting plate I2 may be secured in place upon the pedestal supports I3 and I4 by means of screws or bolts I8, I8, for example, while horizontal frame portions I9 beneath plate I2 serve to reinforce the latter. Upon the intermediate portion of support plate I8 of frame Ii are secured Y a pair of oppositely-directed angle members 29,

2l by means of bolts or screws 22, 22 with the upright portions 23, 2li secured to and supporting a pair of corresponding upright frames 25, 2E by means of screws or bolts 2l, 2, the upper ends of these frames and 25 being bridged and secured together by means of a cross-member 28 which may well be a tie rod if so desired, and serving to space the frame members 25 and 25 accurately apart and thereby also causing one frame member to reinforce the other. From the near edges of the frame members 25 and 2t, as seen in Figure l, rigidly extend a pair of bearings supports 29, 3E for bearings 3|, 32 rotatably supporting a shaft 33 upon which ls mounted a driven gear 34 and a pinion 35. The gear 34 may be meshed with a driving gear or pinion of a motor shaft or other prime mover, or may be substituted by a pulley and driven by a belt from a power shaft or a pulley on a motor or other prime mover, but in any event, shaft 33 is driven from an outside source of power. Pinion 35 meshes with a gear 365 fixed on a driven shaft 3l rotatably mounted in bearings 33 and 39 secured to frame members 2.5 and 25 by means of screws or bolts 49, 40, etc., the shaft 3l' projecting out through both frame members and being provided upon the ends thereof with a pair of equal pinions 4i, 42, and beyond each pinion with a guide roller 43 in each case, as best seen in Figures 2 and 3. The shaft 3'! may have the roller i3 mounted directly thereon for rotation, but preferably a ball race 4l@ is Xed thereon for a series of ball bearings 45, while the roller itself forms the outer ball race riding on said ball bearings. .Y

Upon the end of the shaft 3l is a stop 46 at each end serving to retain the inner ball race i4 in position to prevent accidental displacement thereof, both the ball race and pinion 4| or 42, as the case may be, being held fast on the shaft to rotate positively therewith.

Each of the pinions 4i and 42 meshes with the Voblong racks 4l or 48, while the outer race or roller 43 rolls against the correspondingly- oblong guide wall 49 or 59 of the two pendent rack guide members or frames 5I, 52 having the outside plates 53., 5d secured thereto by means of Screws 55, 55, etc., in order to support the racks 4l and 48' and connect them rigidly with the frame portions 49 and 50, each rack being undercut, as indicated at 5S in Figure 3, to provide the groove 5l between the lower undercut portion of the rack and the guide wall e9 or 55, as the case may be. Upon the upper ends of rack guide frames 5i and 52 are inwardly-directed, integral hubs 58, 59 pivotally mounted by means of pivot bolts 68, G to the upper ends 6I, 52 of a pair of vertically- slidable piston crossheads 53, 54 rigidly connected at their lower ends with piston rods 65, 55. The upper and lower ends of the slidable crossheads 64 at the lsides thereof are provided with 'vertically- slotted guides 5l, 61, 63, 63 provided with the outwardly-open grooves or slots 69, 69, 16), l0 adapted to engage slidably with the inner op- Posite edges of guide plates 1I, .l2 screwed or bolted or otherwise secured to the upright frameV members 25, 2t. Obviously, the crosshead 63 is similarly constructed as just described in connection with crosshead 64, and the vertical movement of the crossheads corresponding exactly with the vertical sliding movement of the piston rods and 56.

rEhe structure thus far described, except for the piston rods', is wholly mounted above the frame il on supporting plate I2, while the piston rods extend through this plate down into cylinders which are now about to be described. Upon the under side of plate I2 are fixed a pair of cylinder assemblies, generally indicated at '13, 14, each 'of which is provided with a flange i5 at the upper end thereof with apertures it, 'I6 through which bolts or screws TI, 'll extend into plate i2, thereby suspending the cylinder assemblies 'I3 and 14 rigidly to said plate. f we now turn our attention specifically to the cylinder assembly i3 shown in enlarged form in Figures 7 and 8, it must be understood beforehand that the cylinder assembly 'ld is identical in all respects with the same, so that description of one will also describe the other. The cylinder assembly primary includes the internal cylinder 'I8 in which a piston 'i9 secured upon the lower end of piston rod 55 is reciprocable, the lower end B of the piston rod being reduced and provided with a nut SI screwed upon the threaded portion of the lower end Sd of said rod, this feature of construction being rather conventional and therefore need not be dwelt upon in further detail. Upon the cylinder i8 are spaced-apart a pair of integral flanges 82, 33 forming partitions defining chambers, as will now appear. Over the upper end of the cylinder TE is mounted a downwardly-open end chamber container 84 with the upper end thereof provided with a, gland, generally indicated at 85 and containing a packing '86 for piston rod 65 which passes slidably through the gland :and the packing into the upper resulting end chamber 87. The upper flange l5 by which the unit as a whole to secure it to the supporting plate I2 of frame II. At the lower end of container 84 is an integral flange B8 resting directly upon the partition flange 32 of the cylinder and being bolted thereto by means of bolts 89, 89' which incidentally serve a further purpose. Intermediate the two partition flanges 82 and 83 are located a pair of vertical opposite flanges or partitions 90, 9i also integral with the cylinder 'i3 and `at their upper and lower end with the flanges -82V and 83. Furthermore, a pair of semi-circular shells 92, 93 provided `along their vertical edges with outwardlyextending flanges 94, 913, 9.5, 95 are disposed between the upper and lower anges 82 and B3 of the cylinder T8 in such position as to locate the mentioned flanges 94, 95 on the opposite sides of the ends of partition walls 9i, 9i to which they are bolted by means of bolts 95, 96. In addition, the mentioned shells '92 and 99 are `provided on their upper and lower edges with flanges 97, 98, 99 and |99, the upper flanges 9'! and 98 being secured to the upper horizontal flange 82 of cylinder 'i8 by means of the previously-mentioned bolts l39, 89 which also secure the upper end chamber or container 8d to this flange 8-2. The lower flanges S9 and it engage against the upper surfaces of the lower flange or partition 83 integral -with cylinder i8, while below the same flange is xed the flange lill of a lower end container H12 surrounding the lower end |03 of the cylinder and providing the vend `chamber L04 about the same. The mentioned flanges 99 and IDI) and ange IDI are secured to theintegral flange orpartition 83 of the cylinder by means of bolts |65, similar to bolts 89 :already mentioned. In addition to the foregoing features or" the intermediate unit formed by the shells 92 and 93it should be pointed out that the shell 92 is provided with an inlet pipe ISS terminat-V ing externally in a flange IB'I by which it may be bolted to a longer pipe or some other source of iluid to be pumped, while the other shell 93 is similarly provided with an outlet or delivery pipe |28 also provided with a ange |69 similar to flange Ill'I by which to bolt it or connect it to further piping or `a system to be supplied with fluid pumped by the apparatus. Due to the presence of the Vertical partition walls 9|), 9|, the space about cylinder I3 within shells 92 and 93 is subdivided into an intake chamber il and a delivery or discharge chamber II I, periodically communicating with the end chambers 81 and lill! by means of a group of valves in partitions -83 and |22.

The mentioned valves are pressure-responsive valves generally indicated at II2, |I2, extending into the end chambers E31 and |04 forming intake valves, while exactly similar outlet or discharge valves, generally indicated at |I3, ||3, also disposed in the same partitions 82 and 83, are so located as to project into the discharge or delivery chamber |I I, all the valves being identical in construction, as now to be noted. Primarily, each valve includes a ring I I4 having a threaded reduced portion IIE adapted to be screwed into the partitions S2 and 83 which have appropriately-tapped apertures therefor, the threaded portion H5 being hollow and having the end I iii thereof provided with a plurality of slots I I'I, III providing free passage for fluid through threaded portion II5 and ring IIA. Surmounting the ring I I4 is a disc I I8 through which the shank I I9 of a screw ld extends slidably, the screw being screwed down into the central portion or body E2 I. The upper end of the screw is provided with a head |22 serving to retain a conical spring 523 in position between said head and disc H22 in order to bias the latter downwardly upon ring II!! so that the disc I I8 will form a closure for the latter ring. It is evident that if fluid under pressure should enter the passages III' and exert pressure against the under side of disc |I8 against the bias of spring |23, the fluid would cause disc I I8 to rise and pass fluid between said disc and ring II4 provided the pressure is sufficient to overcome the pressure of spring |23.

Returning now to the cylinder assembly 'I3 of Figure 8, it may be noted that the valves I I2 extending into the end chambers 'I and |614 are all located at one side of the partition walls Sil, 9| in the intermediate intake chamber IIO in such position that when fluid under pressure enters intake pipe il, or rather when the pres sure is removed trom end chamber IM, for example, by the piston 'I9 reciprocating upwardly through cylinder i8, suction is produced within the mentioned chamber |04 causing the fluid entering through intake pipe |06 and intake chamber HG to open the discs IIB of valves |I2 and cause fluid to enter said end chamber |04 as long as the piston rises through cylinder |04. Simultaneously the piston will exert pressure upon the fluid in the cylinder above the piston, forcing said iiuid into the upper end chamber 81, and thereby opening the discs ||8 in Avalves II3 located in the upper partition or ange 82 and.

opening into delivery or discharge chamber III within shell 93, delivering the fluid into said chamber III and out through delivery pipe |08. Vfhen the piston I9 begins to descend vthrough the cylinder, the previously-mentioned .valves |52 lin, the lower partition 33 communicating with the intake chamber IIB will immediately;

be closed by the pressure of the uid in the cylin' der and lower end chamber |04, while thelowerM valves IIB will be opened by the uid raisingthe discs I I8 in those valves disposed within thev delivery chamber IH in lower flange 83, thus forcing fluid into the delivery chamber III and out through the delivery pipe |08.

Simultaneously suctionV will be produced in theI in delivery chamber III by the fluid entering' from the lower end chamber |94. It is thus seen that two sets of valves are in operation at each stroke of the pist-cn and for each stroke fluid is drawn into the intake pipe I I 6 and intake chamber lil and propelled through one of the end chambers 8'! or It@ to the delivery chamber III and out throughdelivery or discharge pipe |08, and as two cylinder assemblies 'I3 and 'I4 are used, the flow of fluid from the delivery pipes les and the corresponding pipe of the other assembly 'I4 is substantially constant during operation of the apparatus,

With regard to the upper operating mechanism, it might be well at this juncture to note the operation which provides vertical reciprocation of the pistons by means of the piston rods and 66 in alternation. The arrangement is such that when the first gear 36 is rotated, as already outlined, from a motor or other prime mover, the pinion 35 will drive gear 35, rotating shaft 31 and pinions lll and ft2. These pinions are maintained in mesh with the oblong racks 41 and 48 by virtue of the rollers I3 rolling against the guide walls ad and 58 with the result that when pinionslli and 42 are continuously rotated, the pinions will rst travel down along one side of the oblong racks l? and 48 around the lower end thereof, and then up on the other side of the rack, then over across the top and down on the rst side again, and this movement will be constantly repeated so long as the pinions rotate. It is obvious that when the pinion rotates alongside one row or teeth'on the oblong racks, the pinion remains in the same axial position throughout, while the rack is thus forced to travel first upwardly and then downwardly,

Vwhich naturally first lifts each of the frame members 5I and 52 and then draws them down again, and as these guide frame members 5| and 52 are pivotally connected by pivot bolts (5I)V to the upper ends BI and 52 of piston rod cross# tively arranged with respect to each other 'that one -is ascending while the other is descending, so

7" that one piston will be rising while the other falls/and vice versa, which provides a balanced movement of the parts which contributes to the smoothness of the delivery of fluid from the pump apparatus as a whole.

As may be seen in Figure l, the two outlet pipes Hi8, IDB of both cylinder assemblies T3 and 'I4 are located upon the same side of the apparatus to facilitate connection to the same delivery pipe or system from the delivery chambers in both cylinder assemblies. While the semicircular shells S3 and Q2 have been shown clamped to ver-tical partitions 9E] and 9| for convenience in assembling, it is manifest that other arrangements may be resorted to for assembling the intermediate unit.

Manifestly, other variations may be resorted to andV parts and features may be modified or used without others within the scope of the appended claims.

Having now fully described my invention, I claim;

l. A double-action duplex pump including a supporting frame having a supporting plate thereon, two upright cylinder assemblages spaced apart beneath the supporting plate, a pair of pistons having piston rods extending vertically therefrom through said supporting plate, vand driven means for reciprocating the piston rods and their pistons in alternation, said driven means comprising a pair of upright frame members iixed upon the supporting plate and spaced apart, a cross-`oar securing the upper ends of theframe members together, a pair of vertical guide strips or plates spaced apart upon each upright frame member, a piston rod crosshead slidably mounted between each pair of vertical guide plates and rigidly secured to the upper end of one of the piston rods, a pair of bearings mounted on said upright frame members, a horizontal shaft rotatably mounted earings and extending` through the latter frame members, a pinion iixed upon each end of the shaft, a round guide member mounted on each end of said shaft exteriorly of the pinion there,-` on, an oblong rack having rack teeth on both sides and ends thereof meshing with each pinion, a correspondingly oblong guide frame surrounding each rack and engaged by the round guide member associated with a pinion respectively meshing with the rack involved, a plate securing each rack in position in its associated ob.- long guide frame, a hub extending rigidly iro-m the upper portion or each oblong guide frame, and a pivot member pivotally connecting the upper end of each of the latter with the upper end' of one of the piston rod Vcrossheads to move the latter crossheads and pis-ton rods with the guide frames when the latter are raised and lowered b y rotation of said pinions, and said cylinder assemblages each including a vertical cylinder disposed beneath one of said upright iixed frame members and in which the piston associated with one of the piston rods and crossheads is reciprocable, the upper and lower ends of the cylinder being open, a of flanges or partitions fixed upon the cylinder in vertically spaced-apart relation, an end chamber envelop,n ing the upper open end of the cylinder out of contact therewith, a peripheral flange upon the upper end of the end chamber secured to said supporting plate by which to suspend the entire cylinder assemblage therefrom, a second peripheralr anse upon the lower end of said end chamin said ber secured upon the upper flange or partition of the cylinder, a second end chamber enveloping the lower open end of the cylinder out of contact therewith and having a peripheral ange upon the upper end the-reci^ secured to the lower flange or portion of said cylinder, an intermediate chamber unit disposed between the upper and lower ilanges or partitions, a pair of upright partitions extending from one ange or partition to the other and dividing the interior of the intermediate chamber unit into an intake chamber and a delivery or discharge chamber, the intake chamber having an intake pipe connected thereto and the delivery chamber' having a discharge pipe connected thereto, a plurality of spring-biased and pressure-responsive intake valves in each of the upper and lower flange or partitions upon theV cylinder providing communication with the intake chamber and both end chambers and projecting and opening into the latter, and a plurality of similar springbiased and pressure-responsive outlet or discharge valves in both langes or partitions of said cylinder providing communication between the discharge chamber and both end chambers and projecting and opening into said discharge chamber.

2. In a double action duplex pump, a frame, a pair of upright spaced cylinders positioned within said frame and supported therein adjacent the lower end thereof, a piston positioned within each of said cylinders and mounted for reciprocating movement, a piston rod having one end connected to each of said pistons and having the other end projecting from said cylinders, a horizontally disposed driven shaft positioned between the projecting ends of said piston rods and rotatably supported in the sides of said frame with the ends thereof projecting beyond said sides, a rst cross head positioned in one side of said frame and mounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a rst guide rack frame arranged exterior-ly of said frame adjacent said rst cross head and having one end pivotally connected to one end oi' said first cross head, a second cross head positioned on the other side of said frame and mounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a second guide rack frame arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said second cross head and having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said second cross head, each of said guide rack frames being provided with an endless gear track, and a pinion on each of the projecting ends of said shaft in meshing engagement with the gear track of the adjacent rack guide frame, said cross heads being disposed at different levels with respect to each other and each having its other end operatively connected to the adjacent projecting end of the piston rod.

3. in a double action duplex pump, a frame, a pair of upright spaced cylinders positioned within said frame and supported therein adjacent the lower end thereof, a piston positioned within each of said cylinders and mounted for reciprocating movement, a piston rod having one end connected to each of said pistons and having the other end projecting from said cylinders, a horizontally disposed driven shaft positioned between the projecting ends of said piston rods and rotatably supported in the sides of said frame with the ends thereof projecting beyond said sides, a iirst cross head positioned. in one side of said frame and mounted in the latter for vertical' sliding movement, a rst guide rack frame arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said first cross head and having one end pivotally connected to one end of saidv first cross head, a second cross head positioned on the other side of said frame and mounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a second guide rack frame arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said second cross head and having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said second cross head, each of said guide rack frames be ing provided with an endless gear track, a pinion on each of the projecting ends of said shaft in meshing engagement with the gear track of the adjacent rack guide frame, said cross heads being disposed at different levels with respect to each other and each having its other end opn eratively connected to the adjacent projecting end of the piston rod, and drive means rotatably supported Within said frame and operatively connected to said driven shaft.

4. In a double action duplex pump. a frame, a pair of upright spaced cylinders positioned Within said frame and supported therein adjacent the lower end thereof, a piston positioned within each of said cylinders and mounted for reciprocating movement, a piston rod having one end connected to each of said pistons and having the other end projecting from said cylinders, a horizontally disposed driven shaft positioned between the projecting ends of said piston rods and rotatably supported in the sides of said frame with the ends thereof projecting beyond said sides, a first cross head positioned in one side of said frame and mounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a first guide rack frame arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said first cross head and having one end pivotally connected to one end of said first crossrhead, a second cross head positioned on the other side of said frame and mounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a second guide rack frame arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said second cross head and having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said second cross head, each of said guide rack frames being provided With an endless gear track, a pinion on each of the projecting ends of said shaft in meshing engagement with the gear track of the adjacent rack guide frame, said cross heads being disposed at different levels with respect to each other and each having its other end operatively connected to the adjacent projecting end of the piston rod, drive means rotatably supported within said frame and operatively connected to said driven shaft, said drive means comprising a rotatable drive shaft disposed in spaced parallel relation with respect to said driven shaft and adapted to be connected to a source of motive power, a drive gear carried by said drive shaft, and a driven gear carried by said driven shaft in meshing engagement with said drive gear.

SERGIO DELAHANI Y ALONSO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 30 le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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