US2547345A - Apparatus for attaching and detaching machine parts - Google Patents

Description

E. E. SKILLING April 3, 1951 APPARATUS FOR ATTACHING AND DETACHING MACHINE PARTS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 16, 1948 INVENTOR E. E. SKILLING April 3, 1951 APPARATUS FOR ATTACHING AND DETACHING MACHINE PARTS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 16, 1948 m w m m uW/arrzey April 3, 1951 E. E. SKILLING 2,547,345

APPARATUS FOR ATTACHING AND DETACHING MACHINE PARTS I N VEN TOR Patented Apr. 3, 1951 APPARATUS FOR ATTACH'ING AND DETACHING MACHINE PARTS Edwin E. Skilling, 'Chula Vista, Calif., assignor to International Tool Corporation, Chula Vista,

Calif.

Application August 16, 1948, SerialgNo. 44,506

5 Claims.- (01. 29*252) This invention relates to and has for a main object the'provi'sion' of an apparatus for attaching and detaching machine parts through controlled application of pneumatic or' hydraulic pressure or a combination thereof, and for moving a part on and while it is tightly fixed to its li p i 7' '7 Y Such an apparatus is particularly adaptedfor attaching sleeves or bushings to bodies, gears to shafts, wheels to axles, arbors to their supports, andin turn ford eta ching or removing such elements from attached positions, respectively, as ten as for applying power to el'em-ents'in other ways and for various purposes. v A This invention contemplates the provision of means "for hydraulically operating a portable unit for application to a pieceof work remotely located relative to a source of power.

Another object is to provide a 'unitin which the cylinder and ram of a hydraulic unit arearr'ange'd to receive suitable attachments adapted to engage portions of fixed bcdie's'and portions of parts to be moved on their bodies when power is applied to the ram by displacement of a fluid contained in said cylinder. c 7 It is desirable to provide a master unit including a cylinder of large area with a plunger therein operable in a given direction by'a fluid under pressure, a hydraulic cylinder adjacent said large cylinderand adapted to contain a fluid which is displaceable' as by means of a piston fixedly attached to said plunger ior exhausting fluid from therass'ociatedcylinder and transferring the fluid to the secondary unit, through flexible :connections between the reservoir cylinder and the cylinder of the secondary unit for applying power to the seconiia f linitl i K Anobject also is to prov ide means for urging the master plunger and the piston of the reservoir cylinder in an opposite direction to that of a power stroke upon cessatio'n'or suffi cient reduction of pressure thereto for attimes restoring the master unit to normally inoperative position and in readiness for 'asucceeding operation.

Other objects and advantages of our apparatus Will appear as the descriptionthereof progresses. A preferred comprehensive form of apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings, subject to modification, within the scope of the appended claims-without departing from the spirit of the invention. In said drawing' si i l'is an elevationalview'of a master unit, partly in section and of the same general-charac tei" as that shown" in my copend'ing' application,

sent-1N0. 44,507, 'flledAugust 16, 1948;

Figs. 2 and 3 are, respectively, horizontal sec-- tions on lines 2 2 and 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Figs; 4 and5 are, respectively, elevational views, partlyinsection'of a secondary unit arranged to receive powe'r'from the master unit" as when re-' moving a sleeve'from a body and with the ram in different positions in'itscyliiider as at the incep tion and partial removal stage or a sleeve;

Fig. 6 atransversesectional view of a special attachment adapted 'to'apply 'powerto andre= move a sleeve from its supporting body as the elements '(ra'm' or cylinder)"are relatively moved; Figl' ljis an'elevati'onal view of" the" secondary unit specially fitted withattachments for'insert= ifig a sleeve in a supporting bbdy'and partly in section} f W Figs. 8 and 9 are sectional views on lines 8 B and 9 9, respectively, or Fig-'7; Fi'gflll isja perspectiveview of a stirrup attach able to thera'rii' 6f Fig???" Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a special fixture applicable to the secondary unit for effecting insertionof a sleeve.

Briefly described, the" apparatus herein disclosedfincludes a master power unit M, a "sec; ondaryfpowr'un'it s, and an intermediate 'hy draulic unit I between the master and secondary units.

Master unit Mincliidesa base 3' mountedon Wheels B1, 'a la-rge' upright cylinder 0 held'on base Bas by means r stay bolts 1 fixed'at their team to the base and at their tops" to ahead c'lforming atop closure 'for said cylinder. .A plunger D: isslidablymounted in cylinder Q and iormsa closure for the'bottom'of the case while providing eparate chambers 2"and 3 on opposite sidesthereof. Chamber 2 is ventedto the atmosphere at 4 through head C1 while chain: be r 3 is sealed against air except through an inlet 5 through .whichcompressed air from an adequate source .is.. admitted for application to plunger D for effecting a power stroke of the plunger. .isaidplungerwhasta tubular stem D1 which extends upwardly into a coaxial intermediate cylinder I which is attached to head C1 as shown in Fig. 1. Stem D1 carries a piston D2 which slides in and closely fits the interior of cylinder I. Stem D1 is tensioned as bymeans of a compression spring D3 and a tension spring D4 which are telescopically arranged in'thestem'and have their upper extremities connected at d while the lower end of spring D4 is fixed at l to base Band the lower end of spring D3 is held againsta split retainer rin (1" held in an int rnal groove in the bottom of stem D1, as shown in Fig. 1.

Thus, as plunger D moves u wardly under air pressure spring D4 is gradually extended until it attains an uppermost position and maximum capacity while the spring D3 is compressed, thereby preventing overloading of spring D4 and by combining the power of the two springs provides for application of maximum effort to the plunger D at and following institution of a downstroke of the plunger, and yet providing sufficient effort to move said plunger to the end of its downward stroke.

Cylinder I has a head closure I which has a nipple 8 threaded into the upper end of the cylinder and in which there is a bore 9 in communication with and for filling cylinder I with a suitable fluid. Said head has an outlet H! for receiving a fixture H of a flexible hose l2 which conducts fluid from cylinder I to secondary unit S, as hereinafter described.

Unit S as best shown in detail in Fig. 4, includes a cylinder S1 which is closed at one end (upper end as shown) by a head S2 affixed as by welding at 13, a ram S3 having a stem S4 slidable in cylinder S1 and a rin S5 threaded into the other end of the cylinder and bored to form a guide for stem S4.

Inthe form of apparatus shown in Fig. 4, the parts of which are so formed and arranged as to quickly remove cylindrical parts such as liners, sleeves, bushings, etc., from their su porting bodies, cylinder S1 is rigged with a cylindrical removing fixture S6 and ram stem S4 is fitted with an attachment S7 particularly adaptable for bearing against a crank pin E of an internal combustion motor when the pin is in its downmost position in order-that the lower end [4 of a sleeve F may be engaged by gripping devices carried by head Se and the sleeve moved upwardly and out of its bore as pressure is applied to the top of ram S3.

To such end head Se includes a cylindrical body bored and internally threaded at l5 for attachment to a reduced externally threaded end portion 16 of cylinder S1 and counterbored at l! to neatly fit the outer surface of said cylinder. Thus, when head Se is affixed by cylinder S1 a shoulder l8 on said head will abut a companion shoulder on the cylinder and thereby limit the thrust of the head on the cylinder. A circular sleeve I9 is telesco ically slidable on the body Se and is formed with an annular internal flange 'at its top adapted to slide on a reduced portion 2| of the body between a shoulder 22 and a split retaining ring 23 held by tension in an annular groove 24, as in Fig. 4.

Sleeve I9 has its depending skirt slitted as at 25 in Fig. 6 for providing a plurality of longitudinal. tensioned fingers 26 which are fulcrumed at their junctions with flange 20 while their free ends depend therefrom and are formed with shoulder 2! adapted at times to underlie the lower end of sleeve F.

Head S6 is formed with a frusto-conical flange 28 which, when the head S6 and sleeve 19 are relatively moved, will expand and permit the contraction of fingers 26 into and from positions of engagement with sleeve F, respectively, depending upon a particular direction of movement of one element relative to the other.

In the position shown in Fig. 4, if the head S6 is moved upwardly or the sleeve I 9 moved downwardly the fingers 26 will expand outwardly until their shoulders 21 are disposed below sleeve F and a subsequent movement upwardly of the body and sleeve l9 would be effective for moving sleeve F upwardly in its supporting body G when power is applied to ram S3. In such operation the foot S1 engages and bears against crank pin E or any other fixed member while the cylinder S1 and head S6 move upwardly on the ram due to a build-up of pressure in chamber 29 between cylinder head S2 and S3. Fluid under pressure is supplied from intermediate cylinder I under influence of plunger D and piston Dz, through conduit or hose I2 and a fitting 30 attached to or formed on head S2.

The ram of Figs. 4 and 5 may be arranged similarly to stem D1 of plunger D (Fig. l) with telescoping springs S9 and S10 having their lower ends connected at a while the upper end of spring S10 is anchored as by means of a pin a to member 30 and the upper end of spring S9 abuts a split retainer ring at of ram S3. Thus, said springs are of the same influence on ram S3 as the similarly arranged springs D3 and D4 are on plunger D, except that the springs of the ram are tensioned as the ram moves downwardly in its cylinder and tend to impart eifort to the ram to effect its upward retractive stroke.

In Fig. 4, head fingers are shown as contracted and in readiness for expansion as in Fig. 5, in which case the sleeve F has been partially removed from its support G.

Ram stem s4 is bored and threaded to receive a nipple 3| of foot Sq While the body of the foot is wing-like and concave on its bottom surface, as

shown.

As shown in Figs. '7 to 10, inclusive, the power application unit S is fitted with attachment differing from those of Fig. 4 for the purpose of inserting a sleeve F or other part into a receiving bore of a body as at G. In this form and arrangement the cylinder S1, ram S3, and ring S5 are identical with corresponding elements of Fig. 4 but in lieu of the sleeve removing head St I provide a sleeve inserting head S8 of stirrup-like form with upstanding arcuate sides 32, 32 adapted to overlie cylinder S1 and a flat bottom 33 with a nipple 34 thereon for attachment to the socket at the lower end of ram stem S4 to which the foot S1 of Fig. 4 is attached. Sid-es 32 have flanges 35 at their upper ends adapted to engage and bear against the upper end of sleeve F when said sleeve is positioned as in Fig. 7 for insertion in a bore of body G.

A locking ring H is threadedly aflixed to portion !6 of cylinder S1 in lieu of the body of head 56 and has pairs of spaced lugs 36-36, 36-36, at diametrically opposite positions (Fig. 8) adapted to seat in selected pairs of notches 31--3'I formed in opposite edges of bores 38-38 of a thrust rack S9 which is employed in lieu of the attachment S1 of Fig. 4. Rack S9 carries a detachable or permanent foot 39 formed as a hook for underlying the crank pin E when in uppermost position so that when cylinder S1 is locked to the rack through ring H and pressure is applied to ram S3 said cylinder will be held against upward movement while the ram will descend in the cylinder and carry with it the head S8 and through said head force the sleeve F into its bore in body G. Preferably, as shown in Fig. 9, a tooled ring 40 may be carried between sleeve F and flanges 35 of head S8 and the lower surfaces of the flanges and the upper surface of ring 40 correspondingly bevelled.

It will be noted that the apparatus shown and described herein is not merely a fixed machine 6 ends and a thrust rack having parallel arms overlying and locked to said cylinder against-longitudinal and rotary movement and provided with an anchor at its extended end for engagement with a tationary body, whereby when pressure is applied between the plunger and the adjacent end of the cylinder, the cylinder will be held stationary while the plunger and head move to occasion movement of the work in a body, said and special adapters by means of which many different operations may be efiected through the employment of a single power unit.

Essentially then, the power application unit is of major importance in that it includes the cylinder and ram elements and requisite attachments selectively applicable thereto, whereby, when one of said elements is anchored or bears against a stationary work support while the other element of the combination engages the work, the power unit upon application of pressure thereto becomes effective for inserting a part in, removing the same from, or merely adjusting said part in or on its support.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for attaching and detaching parts from bodies and arranged for operative connection with the cylinder and plunger of a hydraulic ram comprising: a head formed with a stirrup having peripherally spaced arcuate sections and having a bottom underlying and affixed to the ram plunger and flanges at their upper ends and a thrust rack having parallel arms overlying and locked to said cylinder against longitudinal and rotary movement and provided with an anchor at its extended end for engagement with a stationary body, whereby when pressure is applied between the plunger and the adjacent end of the cylinder, the cylinder will be held stationary while the plunger and head move to occasion movement of the work in a body;

2. An apparatus for attaching and detaching parts from bodies. and arranged for operative connection with the cylinder and plunger of a hydraulic ram comprising: a head formed with a stirrup having peripherally spaced arcuate sections and having a bottom underlying and affixed tothe ram plunger and flanges at their upper ends and a thrust rack having parallel arms overlying and locked to said cylinder against longitudinal and rotary movement and provided with an anchor at its extended end for engagement with a stationary body, whereby when pressure is applied between the plunger and the adjacent end of the cylinder, the cylinder will be held stationary while the plunger and head move to occasion movement of the work in a body, said rack arms having notches therein, and a locking member aflixed to the ram cylinder having portions complemental to and adapted to seat in selected notches for operatively holding the rack in position.

3. An apparatus for attaching and detaching parts from bodies and arranged for operative connection with the cylinder and plunger of a hydraulic ram comprising: a head formed with a stirrup having peripherally spaced arcuate sections and having a bottom underlying and afl'lxed to the ram plunger and flanges at their upper rack arms being positional intermediate said arcuate head portions.

4. An apparatus for attaching and detaching parts from bodies and arranged for operative connection with the cylinder and plunger of a hydraulic ram comprising: a head formed with a stirrup having peripherally spaced arcuate sections and having a bottom underlying and afiixed to the ram plunger and flanges at their upper ends and a thrust rack having parallel arms overlying and locked to said cylinder against longitudinal and rotary movement and provided with an anchor at its extended end for engagement with a stationary body, whereby when pressure is applied between the plunger and the adjacent end of the cylinder, the cylinder will be held stationary while the plunger and head move to occasion movement of the work in a body, the bottom of said stirrup havin a threaded extension detachably secured to an end of the ram plunger.

5. An apparatus for attaching and detaching parts from bodies and arranged for operative connection with the cylinder and plunger of a hydraulic ram comprising: a head formed with a stirrup having peripherally spaced arcuate sections and having a bottom underlying and affixed to the ram plunger and flanges at their upper ends and a thrust rack having parallel arms overlying and locked to said cylinder against longitudinal and rotary movement and provided with an anchor at its extended end for engagement with a; stationary body, whereby when pressure is applied between the plunger and the adjacent end of ,the cylinder, the cylinder will be held stationary while the plunger and head move to occasion movementof the work in a body, and an annular adaptor encompassing the ram cylinder and interposed between the work and the flanges of the arcuate sections of the head.

EDWIN E. SKILLING.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,710,835 Nielsen Apr. 30, 1929 1,828,874 Myers Oct. 27, 1931 1,847,604 Finsen Mar. 1, 1932 2,075,235 Sciaky Mar. 30, 1937 2,165,285 Mandi July 11, 1939 2,194,594 Halley Mar. 26, 1940 2,238,424 McQuade Apr. 15, 1941 2,252,036 Rummer Aug. 12, 1941 2,421,276 Lotz May 27, 1947 2,421,324 Graham May 27, 1947 2,430,201 Wyscaver Nov. 4, 1947

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