US2533103A - Apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads - Google Patents

Apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads Download PDF

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Publication number
US2533103A
US2533103A US88584A US8858449A US2533103A US 2533103 A US2533103 A US 2533103A US 88584 A US88584 A US 88584A US 8858449 A US8858449 A US 8858449A US 2533103 A US2533103 A US 2533103A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
zone
roller
thread
treating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US88584A
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English (en)
Inventor
Givens John Harrison
Wale John
Rose Leslie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
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Publication of US2533103A publication Critical patent/US2533103A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/02—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by spraying or projecting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/225—Refining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
    • C03C1/004—Refining agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/06—Glass compositions containing silica with more than 90% silica by weight, e.g. quartz
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
    • C03C3/112—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine
    • C03C3/115—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine containing boron
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0445—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement using rollers with mutually inclined axes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide
    • C03C2201/14—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide containing boron and fluorine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals
    • C03C2201/50—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals containing alkali metals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide improved apparatus in which the liquids supplied to each zone are confined to these zones without in any way obstructing the passage of the thread from one zone to the next.
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is effected has its surface divided into at least one liquid treating zone and a boundary zone the surface of which is not wetted by the liquid to be used so that the liquid supplied to the treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone.
  • the present invention also includes a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is effected and which has its surface divided into at least two liquid treating zones separated by a boundary zone the surface of which is not wetted by the liquids to be used-so that liquid supplied to a treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone to a neighbouring zone.
  • a roller having its surface divided into at least two liquid treating zones may have at least two boundary zones the surfaces of which are not wetted by the liquids to be used, one of these boundary zones separates two liquid treating zones and a second boundary zone s loca ed at one end of the surface of the roller 0r separates a liquid treating zone'from a drying zone.
  • the provision of a boundary zone at one or both ends of the roller prevents the liquid from normally passing across the surface of the boundary zone or zones to the bearings supporting the roller.
  • the boundary zone circumscribes the roller.
  • the boundary zone may be formed by cutting an annular channel in the surface of the roller and filling the channel with a material which will not be wetted by the liquids used, so that the roller has an even thread supporting surface which offers very little or no resistance to the advancement of the threads but which nevertheless readily confines the treating liquids to the zone or zones defined by the band. or bands of non-wetting material.
  • wetting in terms of the contact angle between the liquid and the solid surface. As the contact angle becomes greater, the work of adhesion becomes lower.
  • Such definitions refer usually to stationary systems, and no such definitions are intended'in the case of the present invention, for which a simple test sufices to determine whether or not the work of adhesion of the particular liquid to the particular non-wetted material is sufficiently low for the liquid not to flow over it, and it is in this sense that the expression not wetted is used in this specification and claims.
  • the material may be roughened to enhance this property and also to facilitate the removal of liquid droplets which may occasionall form on the surface of the boundary zones for example as a result of splashing.
  • non-wetting materials which may be used to form the surface of the boundary zones in accordance with the present invention are solid polymers of ethylene corresponding to the formula (CH2) x usually known as polythene or solid polymers of tetrafiuoroethylene or solid interpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene with other polymerisable compounds, such as ethylene.
  • CH2 x solid polymers of ethylene corresponding to the formula (CH2) x usually known as polythene or solid polymers of tetrafiuoroethylene or solid interpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene with other polymerisable compounds, such as ethylene.
  • the dimensions of the boundary zone will depend to some extent on the particular nonwetting material forming the surface of the zone. For example, when using polythene as the non-wetting material the boundary zone may have a length of from one half to one inch in order to confine the treating liquids to the treating zones. The dimensions of the boundary zone will also depend on the rate of flow of the treating liquid to the roller.
  • the roller must be provided with a surface which is resistant to the liquids used, for example, a roller for use in a machine for the treatment of artificial threads from viscose must be resistant to dilute aqueous solutions containing acids, metallic salts and bleaching agents and it must also be resistant to heat when a drying zone is included.
  • the roller in accordance with the present invention may be provided with one or more liquid treating zones and a drying zone and each of these zones may be separated by a boundary zone of non-wetting material.
  • the drying zone may consist of an internally steam-heated zone but if desired the roller may be internally steam-heated along its length so as to obtain a more efiicient liquid treatment of the thread and to maintain the temperature of liquids applied to the roller.
  • the roller in accordance with the present invention is preferabl cylindrical, but may be oi any other suitable form, for example it may be tapering, frusto-conical or stepped to allow for stretching or relaxation of the thread passing over the roller.
  • the present invention also includes a machine for the production of artificial threads by extruding a thread-forming solution into a coagulating bath and passing the thread over a threadadvancing device incorporating a roller on the surface of which the thread is subjected to liquid treatment wherein the surface of the roller is divided into at least one liquid treating zone and a boundary zone the surface of which is not wetted by the liquid used so that the liquid sup plied to the treating zone will not normally across the surface of the boundary zone.
  • the thread advancing device incorporating the roller according to the present invention consist of the roller in combination with a stationary rod, the axis of which is canted with respect to the aXis of the roller or it may consist of pairs of rollers having their axes at an angle in the same or different planes in which at least one of the rollers has its surface divided into liquid treating zones and boundary zones.
  • the thread formed may be subjected to two or more liquid treatments consecutively on a thread-advancing device and the liquids may be collected sepa rately and circulated for re-use or recovery without any substantial mixing of the liquids.
  • the wet thread may be collected on a bobbin or in a centrifugal spinning box or the thread may be subjected to drying either on a separate device or a drying zone may be provided on the roller and may be defined by a boundary zone on the roller and the dried thread obtained collected in package form for example by a cap spinning device.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a machine for the production of artificial threads equipped with a thread-advancing device incorporating a roller in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the thread-advancing device shown in Figure 1 on a larger scale.
  • Viscose from the main supply pipe I is passed through a pump 2, candle filter 3 and is extruded from the jet 4 into the coagulating bath 5 to form a thread 6.
  • the thread 5 leaving the bath passes through the thread guide 7 and on to the,
  • the thread passes round the stepped end ll) of the roller l i and after passing round the stepped ends 8 and I! for four turns it is led on to the main part of rollers 9 and II by means of a thread guide H2.
  • the rollers 9 and II constitute a thread-advancing device on which the thread travels in a number of advancing helical turns.
  • the rollers 9 and H are fixed on shafts l3 and M and are driven through gearing I5 and H6.
  • the gearing i5 and I6 is protected from the liquids by the housing H.
  • the roller II is provided With three bands I8, 19 and 20 of non-wetting material.
  • the thread is treated with liquids supplied through pipes 2
  • the bands l8, l9 and 26 of non-wetting material prevent the liquids from passing from one treatment zone to the next so that the liquids collected in the drip pans 25, 26, 27 and 28 can be recirculated or recovered.
  • On reaching the end of the thread-advancing device 9 and H the thread leaves the roller 9 and passes down to a drying device 29.
  • the drying device 29 consists of a rotating roller and a stationary rod 3!, the axis of which is canted with respect to the axis of the roller 30.
  • the roller 38 is internally steam-heated so that the thread is dried as it travels along the roller.
  • the dried thread leaves the drying device 29 and is collected as a package on the holder 32 by the cap-spinning device 33.
  • rollers according to the invention and their use in the liquid treatment of viscose rayon threads are described in the following examples. Percentages are by Weight.
  • Example 1 Viscose containing 8 per cent of cellulose, 6 per cent of sodium hydroxide, xanthated with 35 per cent carbon disu'phide calculated on the cellulose content and aged to a salt-point of 6.0 was extruded into a coagulat ng bath through a spinnerette containing 16 holes of /1000 inch diameter to produce a denier thread, the coagulating bath containing 9 per cent of sulphuric acid, 20 per cent of sodium sulphate and 1 per cent of zinc sulphate. The thread was withdrawn from the bath by a rotating godet having a peripheral speed of 60 metres per minute, and was then passed to a pair of canted thread-advancing ebonite rollers having a peripheral velocity of 66 metres per minute.
  • the rollers were cylindrical, 6 inches in diameter and were arranged one above the other, 18 inches apart.
  • the lower roller was arranged 3 from the horizontal, tilting downwards towards the entrance end of the rollers.
  • the rollers were both 45 inches long and were separated into four approximately equal zones by 1 inch wide bands of polythene material inserted in annular channels in the rollers so that the surfaces of the bands were flush with the surface of the roller.
  • the first zone the advancing thread, the separate helices of which were A; of an inch apart, was treated on the lower roller with 1 per cent aqueous sulphuric acid solution at to Centigrade to complete the regeneration of the thread.
  • the second and third zones were water-washing zones, the second zone being supplied with water recovered from the third zone, which is supplied with fresh water.
  • the fourth zone is a metal, steam-heated zone for drying the thread, The thread on leaving the fourth zone is collected on a cap-twisting device in known manner.
  • Example 2 The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated but in this case the zones of liquid treatment were bounded and separated by V inch bands of polytetrafluoroethylene, the bands being flush with the surface of the rollers.
  • Example 3 The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated but in this case the polythene material separating the liquid zone is roughened by abrading fine scratches upon it, in order to lower the work of adhesion and to facilitate the removal of liquid droplets occasionally formed on the bands.
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is to be effected having at least one liquid treating zone with a surface of material which is wetted by the liquid to be used and a boundary zone with a surface of material which is not wetted by the liquid to be used so that the liquid supplied to the treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone.
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is to be effected having at least two liquid treating zones separated by a boundary zone, the surface of each liquid treating zone being of material which is wetted by the liquid to be used and the surface of the boundary zone being of material which is not wetted by the liquid to be used so that the liquid supplied to a treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone to a neighboring zone, the
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is to be effected having at least two liquid treating zones separated by a boundary zone, the surface of each liquid treating zone being of material which is wetted by the liquid to be used and the surface of the boundary zone being of material which is not wetted by the liquid to be used so that the liquid supplied to a treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone to a neighboring zone.
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is to be effected having at least two liquid treating zones, with surfaces of material which is wetted by the liquids to be used, and at least two boundary zones with the surfaces of material which is not wetted by the liquids to be used, one boundary zone separating two liquid treating zones and another boundary zone separating a liquid treating zone from one end of the roller.
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is to be effected having at least one liquid treating zone with a surface of material which is wetted by the liquid to be used, and a boundary zone with a surface of material which is not wetted by the liquid to be used and is se- 6 lected from the group consisting of solid polymers of ethylene, solid polymers of tetrafluoroethylene and solid interpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene so that the liquid supplied to the treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone.
  • a machine forthe production of artificial threads by extruding a thread-forming solution into a coagulating bath and'passing the thread over a thread-advancing device incorporating a roller on the surface of which the thread is subjected to liquid treatment, wherein the surface of the roller is divided into at least one liquid treating zone with a surface of material which is wetted by the liquid used and a boundary zone with a surface of material which is not wetted by the liquid used so that the liquid supplied to the treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone.
  • a machine for the production of artificial threads by extruding a thread-forming solution into a coagulating bath and passing the thread over a thread-advancing device incorporating a roller on the surface of which thread is subjected to liquid treatment, wherein the surface of the roller is divided into at least two liquid treating zones separated by a boundary zone, the surface of each liquid treating zone being of material which is wetted by the liquids used and the surface of the boundary zone being of material which is not wetted by the liquids used so that liquid supplied to a treating zone will not normally pass across the surface of the boundary zone to a neighboring zone.
  • a machine for the production of artificial threads by extruding a thread-forming solution into a coagulating bath and passing the thread over a thread-advancing device incorporating a roller on the surface of which thread is subjected to liquid treatment, wherein the surface of the roller is divided into at least two liquid treating zones with the surfaces of material which is wetted by the liqu ds used and at least two boundary zones with the surfaces of material which is not wetted by the liquids used, a boundary zone separating the two liquid treating zones and another boundary zone separating a liquid treating zone from one end of the roller.
  • a roller on the surface of which liquid treatment is to be effected having at least two liquid treating zones with surfaces of material which is wetted by the liquids to be used, a drying zone and at least two boundary zones with surfaces of material which is not wetted by the liquids to be used, one boundary zone separating two liquid treating zones, and another boundary zone separating a liquid treating zone from the drying zone.
  • a machine for the production of artificial threads by extruding a thread-forming solution into a coagulating bath and passing the thread over a thread-advancing device incorporating a roller on the surface of which thread is subjected to liqu d treatment, wherein the surface of the roller is divided into at least two liquid treating zones with the surfaces of material which is wetted by the liquids used, a drying zone and at least two boundary zones with the surfaces of material which is not wetted by the liquids 7 8 used, one boundary zone separating two liquid REFERENCES CITED treating zones and another boundary zone sepa-
  • the following references are of record in the rating a. liquid treating zone from the drying file of this patent: zone.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US88584A 1948-05-07 1949-04-20 Apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads Expired - Lifetime US2533103A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB281094X 1948-05-07

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US2533103A true US2533103A (en) 1950-12-05

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US88584A Expired - Lifetime US2533103A (en) 1948-05-07 1949-04-20 Apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads

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US (1) US2533103A (it)
BE (2) BE488656A (it)
CH (1) CH281094A (it)
DE (1) DE892660C (it)
FR (2) FR776403A (it)
GB (2) GB416473A (it)
NL (1) NL70038C (it)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2652311A (en) * 1951-04-20 1953-09-15 Ind Rayon Corp Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path
US2720100A (en) * 1950-06-22 1955-10-11 Wiskemann Franz Apparatus for the fluid treatment of filamentary material
US2867108A (en) * 1951-11-08 1959-01-06 Studi E Brevetti Applic Tessil Reel type apparatus for the liquid treatment of yarn
US2883259A (en) * 1952-01-25 1959-04-21 Severini Goffredo Processes and equipments for the continuous treating of yarns
US2898756A (en) * 1957-09-06 1959-08-11 Chemstrand Corp High speed washing and relaxing thread advancing storage reel
US3817061A (en) * 1970-11-12 1974-06-18 Monsanto Co Heated roll deposit cleaning apparatus
US5714172A (en) * 1994-05-26 1998-02-03 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Spinning device with movable joint

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE518965A (it) * 1952-04-05
US2714052A (en) * 1952-04-11 1955-07-26 American Cyanamid Co Method of washing a gelled thread of an acrylonitrile polymerization product
DE19939771B4 (de) * 1999-08-21 2004-04-15 Schott Glas Verfahren zur Läuterung von Glasschmelzen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416533A (en) * 1942-07-14 1947-02-25 North American Rayon Corp Process for the manufacture of synthetic yarn

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416533A (en) * 1942-07-14 1947-02-25 North American Rayon Corp Process for the manufacture of synthetic yarn

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2720100A (en) * 1950-06-22 1955-10-11 Wiskemann Franz Apparatus for the fluid treatment of filamentary material
US2652311A (en) * 1951-04-20 1953-09-15 Ind Rayon Corp Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path
US2867108A (en) * 1951-11-08 1959-01-06 Studi E Brevetti Applic Tessil Reel type apparatus for the liquid treatment of yarn
US2883259A (en) * 1952-01-25 1959-04-21 Severini Goffredo Processes and equipments for the continuous treating of yarns
US2898756A (en) * 1957-09-06 1959-08-11 Chemstrand Corp High speed washing and relaxing thread advancing storage reel
US3817061A (en) * 1970-11-12 1974-06-18 Monsanto Co Heated roll deposit cleaning apparatus
US5714172A (en) * 1994-05-26 1998-02-03 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Spinning device with movable joint

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB645171A (en) 1950-10-25
CH281094A (fr) 1952-02-29
BE488656A (it)
FR776403A (fr) 1935-01-25
BE404066A (it)
FR985684A (fr) 1951-07-23
GB416473A (en) 1934-09-14
NL70038C (it)
DE892660C (de) 1953-10-08

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